1253218 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種導通用之端子，其用來使至少一電性導 線經由一種外殼壁或類似物而導通。 導通用之端子主要用在具有外殼之電機裝置中且用來使 一條或多條導線經由外殼壁而導通。各導通用之端子通常 具有：一由絕緣材料所構成之端子外殻；至少一配置在該 端子外殼中·或由該端子外殻伸出之金屬性外導體終端；至 少一部份配置在該端子外殼中且一部份由該端子外殻伸出 之金屬性內導體終端，其在電性上與上述之至少一金屬性 外導體終端相連。各導通用之端子須固定在該外殼壁上， 使具有該金屬性外導體終端之端子外殻之本體區位於外殻 之外部，而具有該金屬性內導體終端之端子外殻之足部區 位於外殻之內部。 該外導體終端（其可由該外殼之外部接近）通常是以螺栓 終端構成，而該內導體終端（其在該外殼內部中用來連接該 電機裝置之各組件）通常是以終端銷（焊接終端，平面插入式 終端，線軸終端）所構成。但其它實施形式亦可行。 【先前技術】 由先前技術中已知各種不同實施形式之導通用之端子， 特別是導通用之端子用之固定元件。 例如，全部之導通用之端子藉助於螺栓和螺母而固定至 該電機裝置之外殼壁上。但此種固定元件之缺點是：每一 個螺栓都需要另一在該外殼壁中之開口且該端子外殼須足 1253218 夠大，以確保各螺栓有足夠之位置。 其它之導通用之端子具有由二個主要部份所構成之外 殼。該端子外殼之第一部份之一部份由外部經由一開口而 導入外殼壁中，第二部份由內部經由該開口而導入且利用 第一部份來固定。由外部導出之部份例如可具有一種螺 紋，其中該內部是一種已調整之螺母。該端子外殻之二個 部份之連接用之其它實施形式已爲人所知，其例如可爲扣 接件，夾件等等。 先前技術中上述所有之導通用之端子具有明顯之缺點： 其須由外部或由內部固定至外殻壁上，這在該外殻內部空 間太小時很困難或根本不可能。 【發明內容】 本發明之目的是提供一種導通用之端子，其可簡單地被 固定。 本發明之另一目的是提供一種可穩定地被固定之導通用 之端子。 上述目的以一種具有申請專利範圍第1項特徵之導通用 之端子來達成。其它有利之實施形式可由說明書和申請專 利範圍各附屬項得知。 上述目的特別是藉由一種導通用之端子來達成，其具 有：一由絕緣材料所構成之端子外殼；至少一配置在該端 子外殼中-或由該端子外殼伸出之金屬性外導體終端；至少 一部份配置在該端子外殼中且一部份由該端子外殼伸出之 金屬性內導體終端，其在電性上與上述之至少一金屬性外 1253218 導體終端相連，其中該端子外殼在該外殼壁之開口中或類 似物中只能由一側利用該端子外殼中所整合之固定元件來 固定。由於此種作業方式，則該導通用之端子例如可由外 部固定至該電機裝置之外殼壁上而不必在該外殻內部中安 裝其它之固定元件。 【實施方式】 本發明以下將依據較佳之實施例藉助於第1至8圖來說BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a general-purpose terminal for conducting at least one electrical conductor via a casing wall or the like. The common terminal is mainly used in a motor unit having a housing and is used to conduct one or more wires through the wall of the housing. Each of the common terminals generally has: a terminal housing formed of an insulating material; at least one metallic outer conductor terminal disposed in or protruding from the terminal housing; at least a portion disposed therein And a metal inner conductor terminal extending from the terminal housing and electrically connected to the at least one metallic outer conductor terminal. Each of the common terminals must be fixed to the outer casing wall such that the body portion of the terminal housing having the metallic outer conductor terminal is located outside the outer casing, and the foot portion of the terminal outer casing having the metallic inner conductor terminal Located inside the enclosure. The outer conductor termination (which may be accessed by the exterior of the housing) is typically constructed with a bolt termination, and the inner conductor termination (which is used to connect the components of the motor assembly within the housing) is typically a terminal pin (welding terminal) , flat plug-in terminal, spool terminal). However, other implementation forms are also possible. [Prior Art] Conventional terminals of various different embodiments are known from the prior art, particularly fixed components for terminals that are common. For example, all of the common terminals are secured to the housing wall of the motor unit by means of bolts and nuts. A disadvantage of such a fixing element is that each bolt requires another opening in the wall of the housing and the terminal housing must be large enough to ensure that the bolts are in sufficient position. Other common terminals have a housing composed of two main parts. A portion of the first portion of the terminal housing is externally introduced into the housing wall via an opening, and the second portion is internally introduced through the opening and secured by the first portion. The portion derived from the outside may, for example, have a thread, wherein the inside is an adjusted nut. Other embodiments of the connection of the two portions of the terminal housing are known, and may be, for example, fasteners, clips and the like. All of the above-described conventional terminals of the prior art have significant disadvantages: they must be fixed externally or internally to the wall of the casing, which is too difficult or impossible at the time when the interior of the casing is too small. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a conductive terminal that can be simply fixed. Another object of the present invention is to provide a terminal that can be stably fixed. The above object is achieved by a terminal having the general purpose of the first feature of the patent application. Other advantageous embodiments are known from the dependent claims and the dependent patents. The above object is achieved in particular by a general-purpose terminal having: a terminal housing formed of an insulating material; at least one metallic outer conductor terminal disposed in or extending from the terminal housing; At least a portion of the metallic inner conductor terminal disposed in the terminal housing and extending from the terminal housing electrically connected to the at least one metallic outer 1253218 conductor terminal, wherein the terminal housing is The opening in the wall of the housing or the like can only be fixed by one side using the fixing elements integrated in the terminal housing. Due to this type of operation, the common terminal can be externally fixed to the housing wall of the motor unit, for example, without having to mount other fixing elements in the interior of the housing. [Embodiment] The present invention will be hereinafter described with reference to preferred embodiments by means of Figures 1 to 8.
明。 第1圖顯示本發明較佳實施形式中一種導通用之端子。 該導通用之端子之全部之元件中至少一部份是配置在一由 絕緣材料所構成之端子外殼1中。在該端子外殻1之頭部 區12中配置一種外導體終端3(顯示在第2圖上）。一種內導 體終端4由該足部區1 1伸出。楔形件2 1彈性地由該足部區 1 1之二側接合著且用來使該導通用之端子例如固定至該電 機裝置之外殻壁上。Bright. Figure 1 shows a general purpose terminal in a preferred embodiment of the invention. At least a portion of all of the components of the common terminal are disposed in a terminal housing 1 composed of an insulating material. An outer conductor terminal 3 (shown in Fig. 2) is disposed in the head region 12 of the terminal housing 1. An inner conductor terminal 4 projects from the foot region 11 . The wedge member 21 is elastically engaged by the two sides of the foot region 1 1 and serves to fix the common terminal, for example, to the outer casing wall of the motor device.
該端子外殻1由二個半部所構成’其由各咬接件而一起 固定著。第2圖顯示一種敞開之導通用之端子。在該端子 外殼1之所示之半部10之邊緣上存在著多個孔18’其準確 地對應於該端子外殻1之未顯示之另一個半部上之銷且用 作該咬接件。 當該導通用之端子固定至一電機裝置之外殼壁9上時， 則該頭部件1 2利用該外導體3而完全定位在該外殼壁9之 外側上，而該足部區1 1則利用該凸出之內導體終端4而完 全配置在該外殼壁9之內側上。在該端子外殼內部中該外 1253218 導體終端3和該內導體終端4在電性上相連。 該外導體終端3較佳是以螺栓終端構成。該外導體終端3 可經由外殼終端中之一種接取口 1 3而被接近以導入一種未 顯示之電性導線，該外導體終端3且可經由外殼終端中之 一種操作口 1 3 0而被接近以導入一未顯示之操作工具。 該內導體終端4較佳是以終端銷構成。在該終端銷4之由 該端子外殼伸出之末端上例如可焊接一種未顯示之電性導 體。 該終端銷4在該端子外殼內部中延伸直至該螺栓終端體3 爲止。當該螺栓終端體3之螺栓30被栓入以便使相對應之 導線固定時，則該導體相對於該終端銷4之末端而被壓緊。 因此可確保該導通用之端子內部中各終端體3，4之間之電 性接觸或相對應之未顯示之各導體之間之電性接觸。 各固定元件（其用來使該導通用之端子固定至外殻壁9上） 由二個楔形件2 1 (其一部份由該端子外殼之足部區所接合 著）所構成。各楔形件2 1經由彈性之各連接元件22而與插 銷2彈性地相連。該插銷2包含終端銷4且可在導引軌1 23 上導引至該端子外殻之內側。該插銷2中之開口須選擇成 足夠大，使例如當一種未顯示之電性導體焊接至該終端銷4 時，熱可由終端銷4傳送至該插銷2。在該插銷2之二側上 存在著二個扣接件23，其與導引軌123上之相對應之扣接 件一起作用且用來達成該楔形件2 1之閂鎖作用，當該插銷 2在該楔形件2 1之方向中移動時。第4圖顯示各扣接件之 細部。 1253218 本發明之較佳實施形式之導通用之端子只由一側固定在 該外殼壁9上’這相對於先前技術中之導通用之端子而言 是一種明顯之優點，主要是當該外殼壁9之內側不易達成 時更是如此。該足部區1 1經由外殼壁9中已調整之開口而 插入直至該頭部12位於該外殼壁9上爲止。各楔形件21(其 彈性地保持在端子外殼1中（第3圖））然後一部份由該端子 外殼1彈出且彈向該外殻壁9之內側。該導通用之端子然 後固定在該外殼壁上，但不是閂住。 該導通用之端子可閂在該外殻壁9上，此時該導通用之 % 端子由外部經由該接取口 1 3而以一種工具（例如，一特殊之 工具）壓在該插銷2上，使其在該楔形件2 1之方向中沿著該 導引軌123而移動。該插銷2之各扣接件23然後與該端子 外殼之導引軌1 2 3上之相對應之各扣接件一起操作。在該 插銷2和該楔形件2 1中，須選取互相接觸之各面之角度， 使其在閂鎖時保持著自我妨礙之情況。由於第3圖中詳細 顯示之角度，則各楔形件21在該閂銷其間可在該外殼壁9 之內側之方向中移動。該楔形件2 1之此種移動允許相同之 ® 導通用之端子固定在壁之厚度不相同之各外殻上。 各導引軌123上之各扣接件23之步級較佳是保持儘可能 小，因此各楔形件2 1和該頭部區1 2之間之距離能儘可能準 確地針對該外殻壁9之厚度來調整。在本發明之較佳之實 施形式中，該插銷2和各楔形件2 1之間之角度可使該導引 軌1 23上之各扣接件23之步級向下調整。另外是各扣接件 2 3較佳是以成對之方式偏移半個步級（第5圖）°相對於該 1253218 以最小可能之步級所可達成之精度而言，該調整之精度因 此仍可變成二倍。 各固定元件2 1較佳是位於該足部區之最寬之側邊上。由 於此種構造，則當一外部之導體以螺栓3 0栓入該螺栓終端 體3中時，一種壓緊在該端子外殼1上之導通用之端子上 之槓桿作用是很小的。 在本發明較佳實施形式之導通用之端子中，該終端銷4 不是固定在該端子外殻中，只要其不是阻塞在該螺栓終端 體3中時。因此，其在至少一側上具有一種扣接件41，其 與該端子外殼中之銷141共同作用（第8圖）。以便該導通用 之端子在安裝在該外殼壁9上時或該未連接之電機組件輸 送時，可使該終端銷4不會不期望地由該端子外殼中掉下。 上述構造之優點是：該終端銷4只有在該導通用之端子 固定在該外殻壁9上之後才可插入該端子外殻1中。因此， 例如’相對應之至該電機裝置之導體可在該外殻外部焊接 至該終端銷4且然後與已安裝之導通用之端子相連接，此 時該終端銷4插入該端子外殻1中。該焊接過程於是在最 佳之條件下在該外殻外部進行，外殼中可使用之空間大部 份都太小。亦可使該電機裝置之導體端以已調整之形式直 接插入至該端子外殻1中以取代該終端銷4。 在將該電機裝置安裝至其外殻中之後，該外殻中以湊注 材料塡入，以便預防該裝置之各元件之不期望之老化現 象。這對電性濾波器而言通常都是如此。因此，該導通用 之端子必須是密封性的。此種密封性在本發明之較佳之實 * 10- 1253218 施形式中是籍由整合在該端子外殼1中之唇片1 4固定在該 終端銷4周圍而達成（第6圖）°各唇片1 4之間之距離小於 該終端銷4之相對應之質量。由於各唇片在該終端銷4旁 是細小的’則其亦稍微具有彈性。各唇片1 4可充份地對終 端銷4進行擠壓，以確保該端子外殼對該外殼內部有良好 之密封性。 各唇片14另外可用來延長該未顯示之位於二個可能相鄰 地固定在相同之外殼壁上之導通用之端子之終端銷之間之 蠕變路徑。由於該電性蠕變路徑之延長，則二個相鄰之導 通用之端子之各終端銷之間之可靠之電壓差可提高。 第7圖是足部件1 1之細部圖。由第7圖可知，該足部件 1 2在唇片1 4和該足部件1 2之間之區域中具有凹槽1 6。各 凹槽1 6用來使導電性之較佳是金屬之終端銷4和可能亦是 金屬之未顯示在第7圖中之外殻壁9之間之電性蠕變路徑 1 60延長。利用該凹槽1 6，則該終端銷4和該外殻壁之間之 可靠之電壓差較相同大小但無凹槽之導通用之端子中者還 大。 在本發明之上述較佳之實施形式中，該導通用之端子用 來導通唯一之電性導線。但此行之專家了解：各導通用之 端子能以多條平行導線以相同方式來達成。 在本發明之上述較佳之實施形式中，各固定用之元件位 於該端子外殻之足部件上，其中亦配置著該內導體終端之 一部份。但各固定元件亦可由該端子外殼之另一部份扣 入，例如，由該頭部件之面扣入，各固定元件與該外殼壁 -11 - 1253218 相配合。但此種形式在該固定元件用之外殻壁中可能需帛 其它之開口。 內-和外導體終端亦可選擇成差異很大，特別是可以爲2 個螺栓終端。 【圖式簡單說明】 第 1 圖 本 發 明 較 佳 實 施 形 式 中 一 •種導通用之端子之外觀 圖 〇 第 2 圖 本 發 明 較 佳 實 施 形 式 中 一 ‘種敞開之導通用之端子 之 透 視 圖 〇 第 3 圖 該 端 子 外 殼 中 各 固 定 元 件 之細部圖。 第 4 圖 該 導 通 用 之 端 子 內 部 中 各 扣接件之細部圖。 第 5 圖 該 插 銷 之 扣 接 件 之 偏 移 狀 態。 第 6 圖 該 端 子 外 殼 之 密 封 件 之 細 部圖。 第 7 圖 該 端 子 外 殻 之 足 部 件 之 蠕 變（Kriech)路徑。 第 8 圖 使 該 內 終 端 固 定 至 該 端 子 外殼中所用之扣接件。 主 要 元件之 符 號 表 : 1 端 子 外 殼 2 插 銷 3 外 導 體 終 端 4 內 導 體 終 端 9 外 殼 壁 11 足 部 件 12 頭 部 件 13 接 取 □ 1253218 14 唇片 16 凹槽 2 1 楔形件 22 連接元件 23，41 扣接件 123 導引軌 14 1 銷 160 蠕變路徑The terminal housing 1 is composed of two halves, which are fixed together by the respective snap members. Figure 2 shows an open-ended universal terminal. On the edge of the half 10 of the terminal housing 1 shown there is a plurality of holes 18' which correspond exactly to the pins of the other half of the terminal housing 1 which are not shown and serve as the snap members . When the common terminal is fixed to the outer casing wall 9 of a motor unit, the head member 12 is completely positioned on the outer side of the outer casing wall 9 by the outer conductor 3, and the foot portion 1 1 is utilized. The protruding inner conductor terminal 4 is completely disposed on the inner side of the outer casing wall 9. The outer 1253218 conductor terminal 3 and the inner conductor terminal 4 are electrically connected in the interior of the terminal housing. The outer conductor terminal 3 is preferably constructed of a bolt terminal. The outer conductor terminal 3 can be accessed via one of the access terminals 13 to introduce an electrical conductor, not shown, which can be accessed via one of the housing terminals 1 3 0 Approach to import an undisplayed operating tool. The inner conductor terminal 4 is preferably constructed of terminal pins. For example, an electrically conductive conductor (not shown) can be soldered to the end of the terminal pin 4 which is extended from the terminal housing. The terminal pin 4 extends in the interior of the terminal housing up to the bolt terminal body 3. When the bolt 30 of the bolt terminal body 3 is bolted to fix the corresponding wire, the conductor is pressed against the end of the terminal pin 4. Therefore, it is possible to ensure electrical contact between the terminal bodies 3, 4 in the inside of the terminal of the common terminal or corresponding electrical connection between the conductors not shown. Each of the securing members (which are used to secure the common terminal to the outer casing wall 9) is formed by two wedge members 21 (some of which are joined by the foot region of the terminal housing). Each of the wedge members 21 is elastically connected to the pin 2 via elastic connecting members 22. The pin 2 comprises a terminal pin 4 and can be guided on the guide rail 1 23 to the inside of the terminal housing. The opening in the plug 2 must be chosen to be sufficiently large that heat can be transferred from the terminal pin 4 to the pin 2, for example, when an electrically conductor, not shown, is soldered to the terminal pin 4. On the two sides of the latch 2 there are two fastening members 23 which cooperate with the corresponding fastening members on the guiding rail 123 and serve to achieve the latching action of the wedge member 21 when the latch 2 when moving in the direction of the wedge member 21. Figure 4 shows the details of each fastener. 1253218 The preferred embodiment of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is secured to the housing wall 9 by only one side. This is a significant advantage over the conventionally used terminals of the prior art, primarily when the housing wall This is especially true when the inside of 9 is not easy to achieve. The foot region 11 is inserted through the adjusted opening in the housing wall 9 until the head 12 is positioned on the housing wall 9. Each of the wedge members 21 (which are elastically held in the terminal housing 1 (Fig. 3)) is then partially ejected by the terminal housing 1 and projected toward the inside of the housing wall 9. The universal terminal is then secured to the housing wall but is not latched. The universal terminal can be latched on the outer casing wall 9. At this time, the universal terminal is pressed by the externally via the receiving port 13 by a tool (for example, a special tool). It is moved along the guide rail 123 in the direction of the wedge 2 1 . The fasteners 23 of the latch 2 are then operated with the corresponding fasteners on the guide rails 1 2 3 of the terminal housing. In the latch 2 and the wedge member 21, the angles of the faces in contact with each other must be selected so as to maintain self-obstruction during latching. Due to the angles shown in detail in Fig. 3, each of the wedge members 21 is movable in the direction of the inner side of the outer casing wall 9 between the latch members. This movement of the wedge member 2 1 allows the same general purpose terminal to be attached to each of the outer walls of different thicknesses of the wall. Preferably, the steps of the fastening members 23 on each of the guide rails 123 are kept as small as possible, so that the distance between each of the wedge members 21 and the head region 12 can be as accurate as possible for the outer casing wall. 9 thickness to adjust. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle between the latch 2 and each of the wedge members 2 1 causes the steps of the fasteners 23 on the guide rails 1 23 to be adjusted downward. In addition, each of the fastening members 2 3 is preferably offset by a half step in a pairwise manner (Fig. 5). The accuracy of the adjustment is relative to the precision that can be achieved with the smallest possible step of the 1253218. So it can still double. Preferably, each of the fixation elements 21 is located on the widest side of the foot region. Due to this configuration, when an outer conductor is bolted into the bolt terminal body 3 with the bolt 30, the leverage acting on the common terminal of the terminal housing 1 is small. In the terminal of the preferred embodiment of the preferred embodiment of the invention, the terminal pin 4 is not fixed in the terminal housing as long as it is not blocked in the bolt terminal body 3. Therefore, it has a fastening member 41 on at least one side which cooperates with the pin 141 in the terminal housing (Fig. 8). The terminal pin 4 can be undesirably dropped from the terminal housing when the common terminal is mounted on the housing wall 9 or when the unconnected motor assembly is delivered. An advantage of the above construction is that the terminal pin 4 can be inserted into the terminal housing 1 only after the terminal of the common body is fixed to the housing wall 9. Thus, for example, a conductor corresponding to the motor device can be soldered to the terminal pin 4 outside the housing and then connected to a terminal that is already mounted, at which point the terminal pin 4 is inserted into the terminal housing 1 in. The welding process is then carried out outside the casing under optimum conditions, and the space available in the casing is mostly too small. The conductor end of the motor unit can also be inserted directly into the terminal housing 1 in an adjusted manner to replace the terminal pin 4. After the motor unit is mounted in its housing, the housing is infused with a tamping material to prevent undesirable aging of the components of the device. This is usually the case for electrical filters. Therefore, the common terminal must be sealed. Such a seal is achieved in the preferred embodiment of the present invention by the fact that the lip 14 integrated in the terminal housing 1 is fixed around the terminal pin 4 (Fig. 6). The distance between the sheets 14 is less than the corresponding mass of the terminal pin 4. Since each of the lips is thin next to the terminal pin 4, it is also slightly elastic. Each of the lips 14 can press the terminal pin 4 sufficiently to ensure that the terminal housing has a good seal to the inside of the housing. Each lip 14 can additionally be used to extend the creep path between the terminal pins of the terminal that are not shown to be commonly secured adjacent to the same housing wall. Due to the extension of the electrical creep path, the reliable voltage difference between the terminal pins of the two adjacent common terminals can be increased. Figure 7 is a detailed view of the foot member 11. As can be seen from Figure 7, the foot member 12 has a recess 16 in the region between the lip 14 and the foot member 12. Each of the recesses 16 is used to extend the electrical creep path 1 60 between the terminal pin 4 of the metal and possibly also the metal wall 9 which is not shown in Fig. 7. With this recess 16, the reliable voltage difference between the terminal pin 4 and the housing wall is greater than that of the same size but non-recessed terminal. In the above preferred embodiment of the invention, the common terminal is used to conduct a single electrical conductor. However, experts in this trip know that the terminals of each guide can be achieved in the same way with multiple parallel wires. In the above preferred embodiment of the invention, each of the fixing components is located on the foot member of the terminal housing, and a portion of the inner conductor terminal is also disposed. However, each of the fixing members can also be engaged by another portion of the terminal housing, for example, by the face of the head member, and each of the fixing members mates with the housing wall -11 - 1253218. However, this form may require additional openings in the housing wall for the stationary component. The inner- and outer conductor terminals can also be chosen to vary widely, in particular two bolt terminals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a terminal of a general-purpose terminal in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. Figure 3 is a detailed view of the various fixing elements in the terminal housing. Figure 4 is a detailed view of the fasteners in the inner part of the terminal for conduction. Figure 5 shows the offset of the latch of the pin. Figure 6 is a detailed view of the seal of the terminal housing. Figure 7 The creep path of the foot of the terminal housing. Figure 8 secures the inner end to the fastener used in the terminal housing. Symbol list of main components: 1 Terminal housing 2 Pin 3 Outer conductor terminal 4 Inner conductor terminal 9 Housing wall 11 Foot part 12 Head part 13 Access □ 1253218 14 Lip 16 Groove 2 1 Wedge 22 Connecting element 23, 41 Connector 123 guide rail 14 1 pin 160 creep path
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