TW539580B - Hydrogen storage bed system including an integrated thermal management system - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydrogen storage bed system which includes a pressure container, a hydrogen storage alloy disposed within the pressure container, and an integrated thermal management system integrally disposed within the pressure container. The integrated thermal management system includes heat generation means, cooling means adapted to use an aerosol coolant, and heat distribution means.

Description

539580 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (1) Related applications The present invention is a continuation of a part of US Patent Application No. 09 / 742,827 filed by Ovshinsky et al. 2000.12.20. Field of the Invention 5 The present invention can solve the thermal management problem of the hydrogen storage bed system which has been disturbing until now. This revolutionary design includes an integrated thermal management system that efficiently heats and cools hydrogen storage alloys, and for the first time does use the most ubiquitous basic fuel source—hydrogen—for the next thousand years. In particular, the heat generator (such as a catalytic burner), a cooling unit (such as a heat exchanger suitable for using aerosol coolant), and a heat distribution system (such as a heat exhaust rod or a heating pipe in combination with a heat distribution fin) ) Integration. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Hydrogen produced by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs as a fuel has huge energy. When it is oxidized or burned, the combustion produces only 15 water. Hydrogen is easy to burn, non-polluting when burning, and it is quite easy to replace the existing energy sources, including the internal combustion engine, which makes it thirsty for the required energy. It is indeed an ideal energy source. Stanford ’s 0vshjnsky and his research team on energy conversion settings have long agreed on the potential value of hydrogen as a basic fuel. Under the guidance of this approval, we have continued to develop efforts on supporting the equipment for storage 20 (US Special Proposal No. _35,497 filed on November 11, 1999) and the transportation of hydrogen, including the foundation that can support the tritium economy Structure (No. 44, _ of the US Patent Application No. 44 filed on November 11, 1999). Although the hydrogen-based basic fuel is difficult to store and transport. In the liquid state, hydrogen will be severely lost due to evaporation; in addition, it will be compressed and chilled to make it 539580 A7. 5. Description of the invention The thickness of the thick-walled container required for this type of compressed gas itself must be thick and sturdy. As mentioned above, the _nsky team exhibited the second full exhibition of hydrogen storage, which can meet the high storage capacity of hydrogen, and can be used at relatively low temperatures to High school 5 needs to charge and discharge hydrogen and metals and metal alloys. / 、 The development of such high-capacity n-state storage materials (whose hydrogen system is in the crystalline structure material) to find a comparable solution, but has not yet The economic benefits of chlorine have been taken into consideration. That is to say, it is for portable use, especially the second one. ▲ The second demand is Γ ', which can be repeatedly stored and released a small amount of nitrogen. For this: 15 mouths and this can # 亚The storage material is efficiently and fully filled and discharged, and its carrying purpose is to start the power source, which can be a hydrogen combustion engine, an electric motor powered by a hydrogen fuel cell, or other hydrogen-consuming power systems. The requirements that take these requirements into account are for Keep this-The system and its contents are continuously vibrating related to power transmission. As stated by the Ovshinsky team, metal hydride materials have recently become the focus of solid hydrogen storage devices and can be used as power in transmission applications. Or it can be used for reliable storage or distribution of hydrogen as needed. 20 The energy products of dissipative energy have made great contributions to the difficult, greenhouse gas, and are growing, and they continue to be injected into the earth's atmosphere in large quantities. Of course, the larger quantities are produced. Carbon dioxide is particularly troublesome because it is a product of carbon-based fuel combustion and has a large output; and: another poisonous greenhouse gas, carbon monoxide. Using hydrogen as a fuel can quickly eliminate carbon oxide production, and its combustion products are only Stopping water. Substituting nitrogen for gasoline 'liquid petroleum gas (LPG series), alcohol, fuel oil or other carbon-based fuels, especially in power fuel applications, will greatly reduce the generation of such warming and toxic materials and Release. |-^ -__ This paper size Gu towel _ Home Standard (CNS) A4 size (21〇x; 7 ^ 7 539580 A7

As stated in the previous '810 application, prudent management of hydrogen storage materials' is a reliable test of hydrogenation and reverse hydrogenation, or the filling and release of metal hydrides or other storage materials. The farm house provided by the inventor here can be used for filling or refueling to control heat release, and to generate and control heat during discharge or use of fuel in the storage container or hydrogen storage bed. These inventors have now revealed previously developed devices that selectively or uniformly heat or cool storage beds depending on the power generation and transitional use needs of the "gas tank" refueling at the "filling station". This result is achieved by designing a heating and cooling device or a combination thereof, in which a bed of storage material is coupled to the device, and the heating or cooling capacity is propagated to a distance in this storage bed. Some of the following descriptions of the present invention also take into account the thermal insulation of the interior of the storage container from the air, to ensure that no matter what kind of power vehicle is operated from this fuel storage bed, smooth operation can be expected and thermal management can be implemented. ..... Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs In addition, the storage container of the present invention is not limited in size and size, and can be incorporated into the system by adding multiple available size containers. In fact, the present inventors now provide hydrogen fuel carrying and storage capacities that have been developed for use in power vehicles of any purpose, shape, or size. The vehicles include automobiles, trucks, trains, airplanes, and boats. It is now. The application of hydrogen fuel to drive these transport tools will surely and effectively reduce the current global warming, which has caused disasters, to a great extent. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes a hydrogen storage bed system including a pressure vessel, a hydrogen storage alloy disposed in the pressure vessel, and an integrated thermal management system integrated in the pressure vessel. The integrated thermal management is printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 539580 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (4) The system includes a heat generating device, a cooling device suitable for using aerosol coolant, and a heat distribution device. The heat generating device has one or more electric heating members and a catalytic burner, and the latter is preferable. Catalytic burners are designed to burn one or more of 5 hydrogen, gasoline, fuel oil, propane, diesel fuel or natural gas, with propane and hydrogen being preferred. The cooling unit includes a tubular heat exchanger designed to use air, hydrogen, water or organic coolants. Air, hydrogen and water are preferred coolants. A particularly useful coolant is a gas / water aerosol. Heat generating and cooling devices (suitable for aerosol coolant) 10 Heating and cooling that can be combined into a single unit design. The heat distribution device may include a heat sink thermally coupled to the heat generating device and the cold device, and a heat distribution heat sink coupled to the heat sink and distributed in a hydrogen storage alloy. The material forming the heat distribution fins and heat sink is selected from the group consisting of thermally conductive graphite, stainless steel, ball, and magnesium alloy. Or, the heat distribution device may include a heat pipe thermally coupled to the heat generating device and the cooling device instead of a heat sink. The heat distribution fins are thermally coupled to the heat pipes and distributed within the hydrogen storage alloy. Again, the material forming the heat distribution fins is selected from the group consisting of thermally conductive graphite, stainless steel, magnesium, and magnesium alloys. 20 Hydrogen storage alloys are selected from the group consisting of Ti-Zr-based alloys and Mg-based alloys. The preferred high-capacity Mg-based storage alloy contains magnesium in an amount greater than 90% by weight and contains at least one modifier element. The ballast-based alloy produced by the at least one modifier element can store hydrogen with a weight percentage of at least 7 and can be stored at 300 ° C within 1.5 minutes. CNS) A4 size (210x297 mm)

V. Description of the invention (5) 10 15 20 80% of the capacity. Modifier element earth metal), can also contain ^ plus towel (mixed dilute and Si. So these alloys-generally will contain two elements, such as Α "γ nickel, and the weight percentage is about 10 li, the percentage is 0.5-2.5 And LA and pr are preferred.) Mm (to include y fraction ratio ~ 丨, weight; S | · in a variety of weight percentages 0.3 + 5. Y of 5 and heavy granules or mixtures thereof, fine latter The preferred gold can be one of powder, particles forming one of the pressure vessels or: a group consisting of dimensional reinforced polymers; the second system is selected from stainless steel or fibers such as a three-layer structure, which includes a multi-layer structure of a force container, and the alloy does not react, Able to withstand the first and the hydrogen and the coexistence of two: formed from a lightweight lightweight insulating material; second degree: material :: can accommodate one · called lose two I :: the state of hydrogen charging of the coupler. # 放 £ 中 的 温 峰In the end, the system can include-a hydrogen distribution system, the rate of gold lice / reverse hydrogenation. The distribution system generally includes a combination and one or more hydrogen can penetrate the gas distribution pipe. Brief description of the diagram is the hydrogen storage bed of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows the exterior of the storage bed system 1 (with a multi-layer pressure capacity charter) according to the present invention. The paper size is suitable for financial and household use (cns) A4 ^^^^ A7

Printed by 539580 in the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs; Figure 3 is the air-cooled and water-cooled time of the storage bed system according to the present invention (minimum chart of the hydrogen gram number stored in minutes); The temperature vs. time curve of the hydrogen gas discharged from the storage bed ⑽1, where the temperature is taken from the thermal couplers distributed in the storage bed, for indicating whether the system is effective;…, FIG. 5 is the hydrogen storage of the present invention A schematic transverse cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the bed system 'It is similar to the system of Fig. 1, but larger; Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view 10 of the third embodiment of the hydrogen storage bed system of the present invention, which includes a combined heating / Cooling device; Fig. 7 is a schematic transverse cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the hydrogen storage bed system of the present invention, which includes a heating / cooling device incorporating a layering plane located between the hydrogen storage gold layers; 7 Fig. 8a is a hydrogen gas of the present invention A schematic longitudinal section 15 of a fifth embodiment of the storage bed system, including a heat pipe replacing a heat sink in a heat distribution device; FIG. 8b is a schematic lateral section of the fifth embodiment of the hydrogen storage bed system of FIG. 5a Fig. 9a is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the hydrogen storage bed system of the present invention, which includes a heat pipe of a different configuration; and Fig. 9b is a schematic lateral view of the sixth embodiment of the hydrogen storage bed system of Fig. 6a Sectional view. Detailed description of the present invention The present invention includes a solid, metal hydride, and gas-gas storage bed system with heat generation and heat exchange. The storage system includes a storage alloy that can absorb and release hydrogen. Standard (CNS) A4 size (210x297 mm)

539580 A7

For storage and subsequent applications, such as electric power for motorcycles. This storage bed system contains one or more integrated heat generating devices that provide the heat required to release the stored hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy. The heat generating device is also integrated with the cooling system, which can remove the hydride formation heat when filling the hydrogen with the storage alloy. The system also includes a 5 heat distribution device, which performs heat transfer between the system and the place far away from the heating / cooling device. The provided heat distribution device can evenly supply / remove heat from the system, thus maintaining the plume temperature of the overall system. The details of the present invention for carrying out fiscal relations will be discussed and specifically described below. Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view 10 of one embodiment of a hydrogen storage bed system according to the present invention. The system 1 includes a pressure vessel 2 with a hydrogen storage alloy 3 therein. The integrated thermal management line includes 4 for hot production and 5 for cold storage. The terms "heating device" and "heat generating device" used herein are used interchangeably and refer to the heat generating device located there. The heating and cooling device is in close thermal contact with the heat distribution system. The heat distribution system includes a heat sink 6 with a distributed heat distribution fin " 15 during the filling of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage alloy 3, and storage alloy 3 The generated heat is transferred to the distribution fins 7, which in turn transfers it to the button 6 'and finally to the cooling device 5. Emission of hydrogen from storage alloy 3_, the heat produced by the consumer cooperative of employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs * is transferred to heat sink 6, and then to Fenzaki 7 and finally to storage alloy 3, where hydrogen is released . 20 The forming material of the container 2 can be any material that can be used at the operating degree of the storage bed system 1 to hold the equilibrium pressure of hydrogen. These materials must also not react with stored = storage alloy 3 and must be able to withstand the normal operating temperature of the system.

It is forbidden that the hydrogen can diffuse through it, and I is orbited by nitrogen. Nenwu Cana-9- This paper i-scale i & ffl China (21Qx297 g — ___ 539580 V. Description of the invention (8) 10 15 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 20 3 ... For magnesium-based alloys, the pressure range can be as high as 20⑽ and the pressure range can be as high as 1. Typical pressure capacity 2 Construction materials can include metals such as stainless steel. Suspended vessels 2 can also be built by generality, or by Hot materials such as metal are insulated internally or externally, so that they can be melted from the outside. The installation pressure capacity will depend on whether the external heating and cooling of the impact container is tested.> 6 卩 ^. Cool, the pressure of riding the pressure vessel will conflict with this purpose. The pressure vessel 2 can also be made of fiber-reinforced polymer materials (such as carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy materials) or with other materials (that is, multilayer pressure Container). The advantages of such fiber-reinforced polymers and multi-layer construction materials are light weight. Figure 2 shows the appearance of a storage bed according to the present invention, which has a multi-layer pressure vessel 2, a hydrogen input / output port 14 and Heating, cooling port 13. Insertion of Figure 2 Shows the multi-layer structure of pressure vessel 2. ⑽1 () is a light-weight material that does not produce neutrons with chlorine and the storage alloy, and can withstand pure operating temperature. The 11-series-shell light insulation material is specially designed to The heat from the bed system to the surrounding environment is minimized. Finally, the outer layer 12 is a fiber-reinforced polymer composition that can accommodate the operating pressure of the bed system. Any alloy that can safely and effectively store and release hydrogen can be used for storage in the present invention For Wei Ling alloy 3 in Secret 1, the beneficiaries are such as Lun, Feng alloy, room temperature hydrogen storage alloy, and high-capacity Mg-based storage alloy. The one that helps the profit is the pending US patent application. No. _35497, a high-capacity, high-power storage alloy proposed by Ovshhsky et al. In the Gaya name and entitled “_ Storage Capacity Alloys Enabling a Hydrogen-based Ecosystem” (“Application No. 497”). Generally speaking, high The capacity Mg-based storage alloy contains a weight percentage higher than 90%.

'm 539580 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) magnesium and contains at least one modifier element. The magnesium-based alloy produced by the at least one modifier element can store nitrogen with a weight percentage of at least 7 and can absorb 80% of the full storage capacity of hydrogen in 1.5 minutes at 30 ° C. Modification The agent elements mainly include Ni and Mm (mixed rare earth metals), and may also contain additional elements such as 5 Y, Y, and S. Therefore, these alloys will generally contain nickel in a weight percentage of 0.5-5, and a weight percentage of about 1.0. -4 · 0 Mm (Ce and LA and Pr are preferred). The alloy may also contain one or more AI with a weight percentage of 3_7, Y with a weight percentage of 0 · 1-1 · 5, and a weight percentage of 〇3_ 彳 5 Si. 10 The storage alloy 3 used in the storage system 1 may be a powder, or may be as described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 09 / 634,678. Ovshinsky et al., 2000.8.8 & , Titled "safe, Economical Transport of

Hydrogen in Pelletized Form ". Although in some cases, the use of powdered materials can facilitate the loading of the powder into the system. However, the powder is not easy to control and is dangerous to use. Therefore, in some examples, Storage alloy loading system 1 will have advantages. In addition, when only powder is used, it is often difficult to print clothing on the consumer property cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs to obtain a sufficiently dense age alloy 3. Therefore, powder and carving can be mixed The type loads the storage alloy 3 into the storage bed system 1. During the release of the hydrogen stored in the aforementioned hydrogen storage alloy 3, heat 20 is required to release the hydrogen from the alloy. In general, there are many heating methods. · When hydrogen is supplied to an internal combustion engine, heat can be supplied from its own emissions. However, the design of the present invention is suitable when the available external heat is not high or unavailable, such as when hydrogen is supplied to a fuel cell. It is indeed necessary for another heat source. The heat generating device 4 provides the heat required to release the stored hydrogen. The heat generating device -11-

539580 A7 B7 10 15 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 20 V. Description of the invention (10 Set 4 can be any heat generated in situ for the self-storage alloy 3 system. Especially heat generation may include electrical Heating components and catalytic burners are the best. ^ Chemical combustion 4 and catalytic combustion methods are well known to those skilled in the art, and are used to produce ropes. The catalytic combustion benefits are basically in the presence of a catalyst, fuel (Such as hydrogen or hydrocarbons) and an oxidant (such as oxygen or air) until the fuel and the oxidation bottle should form money products and heat. This heat is then transferred directly or indirectly to the surroundings (in the case of the present invention, chlorine gas storage) Alloy). The internal heat source provided by the catalytic combustion radon can heat the hydrogen storage alloy 3 of the present invention. Typical catalytic burners include-non-multiple radon, which makes it impossible for oxygen, hydrogen, or methane products to be inside the burner and metal hydrides. Flow between materials or other heat conversion devices. The catalyst inside the cavity is a catalyst. Generally speaking, the catalyst can reduce the activation energy of the burning reaction. Fuel and dust The air or oxygen passes through the cavity. The catalyst can roughen the reaction between fuel and oxygen (or oxygen in the air). The heat generated by autocatalytic combustion can heat the hydrogen storage alloy in the storage tank and the system to a temperature as high as gas. The degree of release of hydrogen by the chemical material. At this time, the heat generated by the burner has two functions: (Dan 1) maintaining the temperature of the metal hydride storage material (that is, compensating the heat transferred from the material), and providing hydrogen from the hydrogen The required amount of storage alloy is released. Although hydrogen itself is flammable or catalyzed, it can release the storage gas, but the power of grade equipment (such as _ pool) is available = lower, which is _ less than the storage bed for the amount of hydrogen « And the volume increase t. In a typical fuel cell transportation vehicle, some stray hydrogen may be used to age the hydrogen and heat the surrounding components (that is, two ,,,,, etc.) to transfer the heat required. Lai Lin can obtain this It can be reduced to a minimum. Therefore, Gallium fuel can be used. This auxiliary can be ㈣3 = V. Description of the invention (u) A7 B7: Burning J. This-fuel examples are gasoline, fuel oil, and the preferred method is to roll 4. Best Fuel It's propane, and the typical hydrogen power for storing propane is only _ can release the storage hydrogen required by the shipping vehicle for about 3GG miles. It makes the transportation vehicle a very low consumption transportation vehicle. That is, it can remove the wind and gas storage. Heat generated during filling of Alloy 3. Heat). In order to release heat during filling 3 (that is, nitrided Α fresh W Λ as the operating temperature, the amount of E is removed.… Department-________, such as cooling warp = In space, scales can hide from the coldness of any habit, such as air or water. But they are silk, such as the United States, and the application number is G9 / 558,827. 〇 ▽ —and others on 20004,26 proposed the title "α Η" — As described in Cooled Hydrogen Storage Unit Having Maximized Coding ency; ^ is an excellent cooling medium. The coolant can also be any organic material used in this technology for working coolants and phase change coolants. -A kind of particularly beneficial turn_qi turn, especially Qi_read sol. The reason why this coolant is highly effective is as follows. First, because of the energy-evaporating effect of liquids (such as water), the cooling effect of aerosols is much better than air itself. For example, when the water particles are heated to their boiling point, they evaporate, so they are transferred from the storage ⑽ and the extra heat required for evaporation. In this way, since the cooling effect of the aerosol is better than that of the air itself, the volume of the cooling air is very low, and the cost of using the scale is low. Secondly, aerosol is superior to using only water because the output temperature of the air / vapor mixture is lower than using only water for cooling. This higher temperature makes it easier to recycle or reuse the waste heat removed by the aerosol from the system. In addition to reducing the

10 • Order 15 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 20

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I I This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

539580 A7 V. Description of the invention (13) 'Internal coverage is included, and the heat transfer to the coolant medium is improved. The heat sink 6 is thermally connected to the heat generating device 4 and the cooling device 5. During the hydrogen discharge, the heat sink 6 evenly distributes the heat from the heating device 4 to the heat dispersing heat fins 7, and during the hydrogen filling, receives the heat from the heat distribution fins 7 and transfers it to the cooling device 5. The combination of the heat sink 6 and the heat distribution fins 7 can ensure proper heat transfer throughout the entire storage bed 1 and ensure that the temperature of the entire storage bed system is as uniform as possible. The heat sink 6 and the heat distribution fin 7 are preferably formed of the same material, but both are necessary. The material should only be lightweight, but it must be thermally conductive. The material must also be non-reactive with stored hydrogen or hydrogen storage alloys and withstand the typical operating temperatures of the system. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Heat sink 6 and heat distribution fins 7 can be better formed from metals such as stainless steel, and magnesium or structured magnesium alloys are preferred metals. Magnesium and its alloys are thermally conductive, lightweight, thermally and structurally strong, and are generally reacted by stored hydrogen and stored alloys3. The heat sink 6 is large enough to be used as a heat storage device, or the thermal mass when the heat is transferred into / out of the system 15. The large storage device can ensure that the heat in the system is evenly distributed in the main body of the system. Inside (that is, hydrogen storage material and heat distribution sheet 7). The heat sink 6 is shaped so that all the heat distribution fins 7 can be distributed throughout the hydrogen storage alloy 3. Example 20 The embodiment according to FIG. 1 A bed system 1 is produced. System 1 is composed of a cylindrical pressure vessel 2 (formed of stainless steel) with a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 3. The Mg alloy component labeled FC-76 is: 95% by weight Mg, Ni in weight percentage of 1.6, Si in weight percentage of 0-8, and Mm weight percentage of 2.0. The integrated thermal management system includes electrical heat generating device 4 and tubular -15- This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 mm) V. Description of the invention (14) ==== r Trace heating and transfer to the internal contact of the cylindrical container 2-generally shaped as a rectangular thick sheet, with the heat sink self-heating The sinker 6 protrudes outward, and the heat sheet 7 is thermally fixed to the sinker 6. The heat distribution element 3 is provided. The heat distribution is dispersed ^ And the money is evenly distributed in the hydrogen storage plywood or the box heat distribution diffuser, and 7 _ Department Chunqing Cheng and has a rectangular plate shape. The rectangularity crosses the circle _ ;. Moment = Γ_ pressure vessel 2 to make it For long contact, the opposite edge is connected to the pressure vessel '2, = heat sink 7-the loading density of edge and heat sink 6 will be-and one third-kg of FC_76 geo-emulsion storage alloy powder 3 into the bed system] ( You can borrow ^ liters of ^ to fill the system and make it have a storage capacity of about 85 grams of chlorine ^. As shown in the graph of grams of hydrogen versus time (minutes), air and water (gas ^ " 1 for suitable For filling. The curve A shows the storage curve B after cooling with air. As shown, the two types of cooling == cooling is available for quick use. Based on Figure 4 shows the temperature during the discharge of hydrogen from the storage bed. A graph of time. Pot 1 is taken from the contactors scattered throughout the storage bed. The curve M shows the temperature of the heater (also measured by the _coupling device) used to heat the ^ 因而, so it can be clearly visible in the bed system. The temperature is quite uniform, which is the effect of the thermal management. The temperature increase near the end of the scale refers to the end of hydrogen filling. Α air bed system of the hall 7 of a second embodiment of a schematic transverse sheet dimension of the present embodiment applies -16- Ν secret ⑽ 'well-Chu) thermal magnesium particles 10 fill FIG 20 539580 A7

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539580 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (I6 8 is a catalytic material arranged in the interlayer hollow plate of hydrogen storage alloy 3, which forms a catalytic burner. Therefore, the interior of the hollow plate is coated with a heater that passes through it and is cooled down. Agent gas (such as 1 emulsifier is used as a cooler when passing through it. It should be noted that since the hollow plate and gas storage t) are in close thermal contact and are highly distributed throughout, no additional heat distribution is required. 3 such as heat sinks and heat Distribute heat sinks. However, if it is found that the heat is not evenly distributed in the interior, you can add heat distribution components as needed.… '4 1 10 15 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 20 Figure 8a is the storage bed system of the present invention The fifth embodiment is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view. System 1 includes a cylindrical pressure vessel 2 containing hydrogen deposits 3. The integrated thermal management system includes at least-a combined heating / cooling device = It is arranged in a hollow disc in a cylindrical pressure vessel 2, wherein the central axis of the hollow disc coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical pressure vessel 2. The inside of the hollow disc is coated with a catalytic material '俾 to form a catalytic burner. The inside of the hollow dish acts as a heater when fuel and oxidant pass through it, and as a cooling H when a coolant gas (such as air or hydrogen) passes through it. Heating / cooling 8 points _ system in close thermal contact, where The heat distribution system includes a heat pipe 9 and diffused heat distribution fins 7. One end of the heat pipe 9 is in close thermal contact with one of the rounded surfaces of the hollow plate 8 of the combined heating / cooling device. The heat officer 9 extends along the combined heating / cooling device 8 The length of the container pressure vessel 2 extends in both directions to the end of the cylindrical pressure volume H 2. Heat distribution and heat dissipation> [7 series is uniformly arranged in the cylindrical pressure vessel 2, the combined heating / cooling device 8 and the end of the cylindrical pressure valley 2 The cylindrical axis of the heat distribution fin 7 coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical pressure vessel 2. The heat distribution fin 7 is in close thermal contact with the heat pipe 9 and extends axially to the inner wall of the cylindrical pressure vessel 2. Fig. 8b is a schematic view of the fifth embodiment of the hydrogen storage bed system in Fig. 8a. Lateral -18- this paper ruler s) A4 size (21Gx297 mm)

Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. This figure shows: the position of the cylindrical pressure vessel 2 and nitrogen storage alloy in the system]. Particularly shown are the distribution of the heat pipes 9 in the system 1 and the way in which the heat pipes 9 extend along the length of the cylindrical pressure vessel 2. Heat & 9 Series-A type that uses evaporation and condensation to transfer heat from a hot or hot input zone to its cold or heat output zone with the lowest temperature difference. A type of heat pipe 9 includes a capacitor. Gu Jie contains a layer of capillary material which is saturated with an evaporable liquid and extends from the heat input area to its heat output area. The heat added to the heat input area of the container evaporates the liquid supplied there. Vapor moves to the heat output area of the container where it condenses. The condensed liquid returns to the heat input region by capillary action in the capillary material. 10 should = mean that although the heat pipe 9 is tubular in the particular embodiment of the present invention, modern heat pipe technology can form almost any hollow shape into a heat pipe, so it can be other shapes and may have its benefits. Fig. 9a is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the bed system according to the present invention. System 1 includes a cylindrical pressure vessel 2 containing hydrogen storage and 15 gold 3 integrated thermal management system including at least one combined heating / cooling device 8 which is arranged in a hollow rectangular shape in the cylindrical pressure vessel 2 Plate so that the length of the hollow rectangular plate traverses the length of the cylinder and its width traverses the diameter of the cylinder. The heating / cooling device 8 is in close thermal contact with a heat distribution system, wherein the heat distribution system includes a heat pipe g and a distributed heat distribution fin 7. One end of the heat pipe 9 is in close thermal contact with one of the large rectangular surfaces of the combined heating / cooling device 20 and the hollow plate 8. The heat pipe 9 extends outward from the thermal contact with the heating / cooling device 8 to the wall of the cylindrical pressure vessel 2 in a direction approximately perpendicular to the large rectangular surface of the hollow plate 8 of the combined heating / cooling device. The heat-dissipating heat-dissipating sheet 7 is a rectangular plate or foil arranged in the cylindrical pressure vessel 2 so that it is always transverse to the length of the cylinder. Rectangular plate or flute arranged in a cylindrical pressure vessel 2 -19- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210x297 mm) ------

539580 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (I8 is slightly parallel to the hollow plate 8 of the heating / cooling device. The length of the rectangular plate or foil traverses the length of the cylinder. The thick piece is wide on the inner wall of the cylinder. One point traverses to another point on the inner wall of the cylinder. The heat distribution fins are in thermal contact with the heat pipe 9. Figure 9b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment of the storage bed system 1 of Figure 9a. This figure shows the system 1 _ cylindrical The pressure capacity H 2 and the position of the hydrogen storage alloy 3. The special display is the distribution of the heat pipes 9 in the system], and the heat pipe 9 extending along the diameter and width of the cylindrical pressure vessel 2 and the heat distribution fins 7 arrangement. A plurality of the storage bed systems of the present invention are bundled in a larger container. This container H can be insulated and can be heated and cooled externally to the storage bed system. This container can also be sealed for pressure. In addition, The heater can be located in the storage bed system, and the temperature of each part in the system is monitored, so the fuel volume can be determined by the temperature peaks measured at different positions. Furthermore, the heating device can be used outside the storage bed system. It may include electrical heating belts, wires, blankets, etc. Finally, the hydrogen storage bed system of the present invention may include a hydrogen gas distribution system to increase the -b speed of the storage alloy. This branch system generally includes a distribution manifold and A wire spreading through the hydrogen-aged alloy can penetrate the gas separation tube. The hydrogen shouting system may include a bypass pipe that ejects a hydrogen collection bed. This bed can be used to recapture unadsorbed hydrogen. The bed is composed of a fine low-temperature hydrogen storage alloy: the bed is fixed to the system and can capture all SL gas that is not adsorbed by the gas storage material. It can be hydrogen for the cooling bed system or it can be stored in Hydrogen in the bed, but for whatever reason, it is not hydrogen that has been stored in the bed. Although the invention has been described in conjunction with preferred embodiments and procedures, it should be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited by the embodiments and procedures described . Conversely, to cover all replacements, 10 15 20 -20- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 issued): · Binding-binding line 539580 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (19 ) Amendments and equivalents, which are included in The accompanying patent application defines the spirit and scope of the present invention. The code description of the drawings 1 Radon storage bed system 2 Pressure vessel 3 Hydrogen storage alloy 4 Heat generating device 5 Cooling device 6 Heat sink 7 Heat distribution heat sink 10 Inner layer 11 Middle layer 12 Outer layer 13 Heating / cooling 珲 14 Argon input / output port # Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Employees' Cooperatives Paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Claims (1)

5395 and 1 • A gas storage bed system comprising: a pressure vessel; a hydrogen storage alloy disposed in the pressure vessel; and an integrated thermal management system integrated in the pressure vessel, which includes: 5 heat generation Device; cold section device 'The cooling device is adapted to use an aerosol coolant; and a heat distribution device. 2. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 1 of the patent claim, wherein the cooling device is suitable for using a gas / water aerosol coolant. 3. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the cooling device includes a device for generating the aerosol / water aerosol. 4_ The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 3 of the patent application, wherein the device for generating gas / water bath glue includes a nozzle or a sprayer. 15 5 * The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the heat generating device is selected from the group consisting of an electric heating component and a catalytic burner. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. If the gas storage bed system of item 5 of the patent application scope, the heat generating device is one or more catalytic burners. 7. If the hydrogen storage bed system according to item 6 of the patent application scope, the catalytic combustion test design at least-the fabric, which is in the group consisting of free seams, gasoline, fuel oil, diesel fuel and natural gas. 8. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the heat distribution device includes heat > and its heat consumption is combined with the heat generating device and the cooling device. 9. If the hydrogen storage bed system of item 8 of the patent application scope, where the heat distribution -22-This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210x297 public love) ^ 39580 Six patent application scopes 10 15 Ministry of Economy wisdom The device printed by the Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperative 20 device further includes a heat distribution fin, whose heat is applied to the heat sink and dispersed in the chlorine storage alloy. 10. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the material forming the heat distribution fins and the heat sink is selected from the group consisting of thermally conductive graphite, stainless steel, town, and thallium alloy. 11. The unified storage bed green as claimed in item 1, wherein the heat distribution device includes a heating officer 'whose heat is lightly coupled to the heat generating device and the cooling device. 12. The hydrogen storage bed line according to item (1) of the application, wherein the heat distribution device further comprises a heat distribution fin, and a hot surface thereof is connected to the heating pipe and dispersed in the hydrogen storage alloy. 13. According to the conventional storage bed button of item f12 of the patent application side, the material forming the heat distribution fin is selected from the group consisting of thermally conductive graphite, stainless steel, town, and town alloy. 14. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item (1) of the patent application range, wherein the hydrogen storage alloy is selected from the group consisting of a Ti_Zr-based alloy & Mg-based alloy. 15. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the system further includes an air knife assembly system to increase the hydrogenation / inverse hydrogenation speed of the storage alloy. '16. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 15 of the patent application scope, wherein the hydrogen distribution system includes a distribution manifold and one or more gas-permeable gas distribution pipes throughout the hydrogen storage alloy. 17. The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 16 of the patent application scope, wherein the hydrogen distribution system further comprises a recovery tank containing a metal hydride for recovering unadsorbed hydrogen. ^ -23-Binding-stitching line, M-sheet scale, gauze standard (CNS) A4, ⑺ 297 public love: IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I 539580 A8 B8 C8 _D8_ VI. Application scope of patent 18. If hydrogen is applied for item 1 of patent scope A storage bed system, wherein the integrated thermal management system further includes: a heat-conducting protrusion extending and distributed in the pressure vessel and in thermal contact with the hydrogen storage alloy; and 5 a heating / cooling tank located in the pressure vessel And internally connected to the heat-conducting projection and the heat-generating device and the cooling device in a heat-conversion relationship; thereby, heat can be transferred from the heat-generating device to the hydrogen storage alloy, and from the hydrogen-storing alloy through the heat-conducting projection The outlet and the heating / cooling tank to the cooling device. · 10 19_ The hydrogen storage bed system according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the Mg alloy is composed of 1/19, 95% by weight, 1-6% by weight, 0-8% by weight, iSi, and 2.0% by weight. % IMm composition. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is sized to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)