TW487832B - Developing roller and developing device using the roller - Google Patents

Abstract

A developing roller (10) comprising an elastic layer (12) wound round a conductive shaft (11) and one or more resin layers (13) laminated on the elastic layer. The elastic layer (12) has a JIS A hardness of not greater than 50 degrees. At least the outermost layer of the one or more resin layers (13) contains fine particles and the surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer is regulated to be within the range of 3 to 15 μm. A resin composition containing an -NHCO- bond or a resin composition containing -ROCO2- and -SiOSi- repeating units and an -NHCO- bond can be used for the outermost layer.

Description

487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (i) Technical field (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The present invention relates to the use of electrophotographic methods for receiving signals of photocopiers, printers or fax machines. The image forming apparatus is combined with a developing roller in a developing apparatus using a non-magnetic single-component developer. BACKGROUND ART In an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic method, various types of rollers such as a charging roller, a transfer roller, and a developing roller are arranged around an electrostatic latent image support such as a photoreceptor. The developing roller has an electrostatic latent image support for conveying toner to a photoreceptor and the like, and makes the electrostatic latent image visible. In FIG. 1, a mode of the developing device 1 that has adopted a non-magnetic developing method is shown. Illustration. This developing device 1 is constituted by a developing roller 2, a toner container 4, toners 3, 3, ... storing non-magnetic single-component developer, a control blade 5, a supply roller 6, and the like. The developing roller 1 is formed around a conductive rotating shaft 7 made of an aluminum alloy, a conductive resin, or the like to form a conductive elastic layer 8, and a single or plural ones are formed around the conductive elastic layer 8. The resin layer 9 is formed. A DC voltage or an AC voltage is applied between the developing roller and the photoreceptor. In addition, a supply roller 6 is provided to facilitate the adhesion of the toner to the surface of the roller, so that the toner is brought into contact with and charged with friction. Next, the charged toner is compressed by the control blade 5 and then uniformly charged, and at the same time, it becomes a toner layer having a specified thickness. Therefore, the toner is adsorbed on the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 10, the electrostatic latent image is visualized, and a toner image is formed. This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) -4-487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) The toner image is transferred to the recording paper. The print is fixed by heat or pressure. Conventionally, in order to improve the negative chargeability of the toner, a polyamine-based resin or a polyamine-based resin containing -NHCO-bond is commonly used on the outermost layer of the developing roller (Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-13661). However, if these resins are used in the outermost layer, there is a problem that the negative charge of the toner is reduced in an environment of high temperature or high humidity. Furthermore, even in a normal environment, if a developing roller is used for a long period of time, At the time of the tube, a fixing phenomenon (hereinafter referred to as "toner filming") occurs on the surface of the roller, and there are problems that prevent the formation of the toner layer. Therefore, polycarbonate is used as the main component of the outermost layer, so that it has a certain effect on preventing the negative charge of the toner from being lowered under an environment of high temperature or high humidity. In addition, in order to prevent the formation of a toner film, a silica-modified polycarbonate is used as a main component of the outermost layer (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-244392). However, with this outermost developing roller, since the outermost layer contains a large amount of silica and the outermost layer has a high hardness, the outermost layer is liable to be scratched and the durability of the developing roller is reduced. Moreover, in recent years, in order to efficiently develop a transfer image on a recording paper, a toner having a low melting point of approximately 80 ° C or lower has been used. When such a low melting point toner is used, The toner is formed into a film, and the toner will be fused on the control blade, and a toner layer of a specified thickness cannot be formed, which causes problems such as image unevenness. As described above, polycarbonate or silicon oxide is used. The development roller of high quality polycarbonate uses low melting point toner. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm). Ϋ flam ·· «11 · ϋϋ an smMf n» m · Mmmmtm (Please (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Order-5- The central sample of the Ministry of Goods and Labor Cooperative Consumption Women's Printing 487832 A7 B7 V. Toner filming during the description of the invention (3), or adjust The problem of toner melting on the control blade cannot be overcome at all. The developing method includes a contact method in which the surface of the developing roller contacts the photoreceptor, and a non-contact method in which a gap is provided between the surface and the photoreceptor. The contact type and non-contact type both apply a voltage between the photoreceptor and the developing roller. However, especially in the non-contact type, since the toner is caused to fly in the aforementioned space, it is between the photoreceptor and the developing roller. Necessary to apply AC voltage. In the case of a contact type, the developing roller and the photosensitive system need to have a fixed contact width in the circumferential direction (hereinafter referred to as a "nip gap width"). If the roll gap width is changed, the image will be uneven and the image quality will be deteriorated. Therefore, the developing roller must be adjusted within a proper range. Also, in the non-contact type, the outer diameter of the roller changes due to changes in humidity or temperature, and the gap width between the developing roller and the photoreceptor varies, which causes the problem of unevenness in the image. The present invention is conceived in view of the above problems, and its object is to prevent the lowering of the charging of the toner under high temperature and high humidity environment, and to prevent the toner film from forming and the toner from being fused on the control blade. . It is also an object of the present invention to prevent variations in roll gap width or gap width due to changes in temperature or humidity. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The first developing roller according to the present invention is a developing roller composed of a single or plural elastic layers on the periphery of a conductive rotating shaft, and a single or plural resin layers are laminated on the elastic layer. Tube, the aforementioned elastic layer has 50 degrees. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). ——Order 487832 . ^-> PJh industrial and consumer private seals ^ A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (JIS) hardness of less than (4), at least the outermost layer of the aforementioned single or plural resin layers contains fine particles, and the surface of the outermost layer is coarse The degree (R z) is a feature adjusted in the range of 3 to 15 // m. In addition, the aforementioned surface roughness (R z) is measured in accordance with the Japanese Industrial Standard (J IS) B 0601 — 1 94. The average particle diameter of the fine particles is 5 to 50, and more preferably within a range of 10 to 5 0 // m. Among the single or plural resin layers formed around the elastic layer, it is preferable that at least the outermost layer be made of a resin containing —NHCO—bond, for example, a polyamide-based resin or a polyamine-based resin. The resin composition may contain a repeating unit of -RO C 0 2-of polycarbonate type. Furthermore, it is preferable to make a repeating unit containing S i 0 S i-in these resin compositions. However, among the single or plural resin layers formed on the periphery of the elastic layer, at least the outermost layer may be made of a resin composition containing an acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer. In addition, it is preferable to use a raw material of an amine ester type or a nylon type as the above-mentioned fine particles from the viewpoint of negatively charging the toner. As for the above-mentioned elastic layer, the polymer (B) containing (A) a molecule composed of at least one alkenyl group in the molecule, and the repeating unit constituting the main chain is mainly an oxyalkylene unit or a saturated hydrocarbon-based unit is contained in the molecule Hardener for at least 2 methsalyl groups, (C) Hydrosilylation catalyst, and this paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)-: --- 1--, # $ II (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 1 Order 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) (D) The reactant of the hardening composition which is mainly made of conductive agent is suitable. The thickness of the outermost layer containing fine particles is preferably set in a range of 5 to 50. As for the outermost layer described above, it is preferable to adopt an elongation range adjusted to 300 to 600% prescribed by Japanese Industrial Standard (J IS) K 6251. In addition, the aforementioned elongation is preferably 400 to 600%, and it is particularly preferable to adjust it to a range of 500 to 600%. Furthermore, a single or plural resin layers are coated around the elastic layer. The roller resistance 値 before the above is more than 104 Ω, and the roller resistance 后 after the resin layer is coated is 104 ~ 101 () Ω, and it is more preferable to adjust it to a range of 105 ~ 108 Ω. . In addition, the electrostatic capacitance (Ci) before the single or plural resin layers are coated on the periphery of the elastic layer is 0 · 8 to 20nF, and the electrostatic capacitance (C2) after the resin layer is coated is adjusted to 2 · 5 n F The following ranges are preferable. Printed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Industry Cooperatives ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Combine the above development rollers with all the development devices using non-magnetic development methods and use them at your convenience possible. Next, the second developing roller according to the present invention is a single or plural elastic layer on the periphery of the conductive rotating shaft, and a developing roller composed of a single or plural resin layer is laminated on the elastic layer. Because the elastic layer has a JIS A hardness of 50 degrees or less, at least the outermost layer of the single or plural resin layers may have fine particles, and the outermost layer has a surface bulge. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4. Specifications (210X297mm) '~~ -8-487832 Α7 Β7 188.12. V 发明 月 5. Description of invention (6) — (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Raised particles. In addition, the second developing roller according to the present invention uses the local particle size of the fine particles raised from the surface to be L, the average particle diameter of the toner to be rav, and the average distance between the fine particles raised from the surface is When dav • ', for a particle that satisfies the relation of v / 4 SLS 4 rav, it has the characteristic that the relation of Γ 8 0 L holds. At this time, it is preferable that the average particle diameter ra V of the toner is in a range of 5 to 10 / im. It is possible to combine such a developing roller with all developing devices using a non-magnetic developing method and use it afterwards. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a developing device using a non-magnetic developing method. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cross section of a developing roller according to the present invention. Table 3 is a schematic diagram showing the micro particles bulged from the outermost surface and the toner that has been attached to the surface, which are related to the present invention. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the surface of the outermost layer of the developing roller according to the present invention. Description of the symbols on the printed components of the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1 Developing device 2 Developing roller 3 Toner 4 Toner container 5 Control blade-9- This paper applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210 X 297 public love) 487832

V. Description of the invention (6-1) 6 Supply roller 7 Conductive rotary shaft --------------- install-- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 8 Conductive elastic layer 9 Resin layer 10 Image roller 1 1 Conductive rotating shaft 1 2 Conductive elastic layer 13 Resin layer 2 〇Toner 2 1 Outer layer 22a, 22b, 22c Microparticles 23a, 23b, 23c The best form of the microparticles 1 Hereinafter, referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, the developing barrel according to the present invention will be described in detail. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs as shown in Figure 2, the developing roller 10 related to the present invention is made of stainless steel, alloy or conductive resin with a diameter of 1 mm to 25 mm. A conductive elastic layer 12 having a hardness of 50 degrees or less, preferably 30 degrees or less, is formed around the formed conductive rotating shaft 1 1 around the conductive elastic layer 12, A single or plural resin layer 13 having a thickness of 5 to 5 0 // m is formed. Further, a plurality of particles are dispersed in at least the outermost layer of the resin layer 13, and a part of these particles is raised from the surface of the outermost layer. This outermost paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 487832

V. Description of the invention () The surface roughness (Rz) of the 7 layers is based on JIS B 0601-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 1 9 9 4 shall prevail. For the reasons described below, it is adjusted. It should be within the range of 3 ~ 1 5 // m, preferably 5 ~ 10 // m. In addition, the aforementioned resin layer 1 and 3 are: • the outermost layer .. The lower layer may include an adhesive layer that can improve the adhesion with the conductive elastic layer, and the lowermost layer may include a roller for adjusting the developing roller. A resistance adjustment layer for resistance may be used. By adjusting the ISA hardness of the aforementioned conductive elastic layer to be within the above range (50 degrees or less, preferably 30 degrees or less), the conductive elastic layer can moderately absorb the pressure received by the control blade, so it can prevent color adjustment. Crack of agent particles. Therefore, the toner particles are cracked, so that the dispersibility of the toner's charged distribution becomes large, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of uneven density or overexposure on the image. In addition, when the developing method is a contact method, variations in the width of the roll gap between the photoreceptor and the developing roller can be suppressed, so that deterioration in image quality can be prevented. Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The pattern in Figure 3 shows the state of the toner in the toner container adhering to the surface of the developing roller. The attached toners 20, 20, ... are densely distributed between the fine particles 22a and the fine particles 22b (or 22c) raised from the surface of the outermost layer 21. Secondly, these toners 20, 20, ... are tightly pressed by the control blade, and are formed to have a thickness of 1 to 4 times, and preferably 1 to 3 times the average particle diameter of the toner. Toner layer. At this time, the raised fine particles 2 2 a, 2 2 b, 2 2c, etc., because part of the pressure from the control blade is burdened, the stress applied to the toner can be reduced compared with the case where the fine particles are not raised. . In the present invention, from this point of view, the surface roughness (R z) can be adjusted. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -10-487832

V. Description of the invention (8) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) It should be adjusted to 3 ~ 15 // m, preferably within the range of 5 ~ 1 Ovm, as the surface layer has the degree of fine particle bulge. Therefore, even if a toner with a low melting point is used, the toner can be prevented from fusing on the control blade, the toner can be prevented from forming and filming, and the stress applied to the toner can be reduced. From the viewpoint, it is preferable that the fine particles are harder than the outermost resin. As for the aforementioned toner, an average particle diameter of 5 to 10 m, preferably 6 to 8 // m, is used. As for the toner, for example, a coloring pigment can be formed by coating a colored pigment with a styrene acrylate-based or polyester-based thermoplastic resin. As for the fine particles, from the viewpoint of negatively charging the toner, it is preferable to use an urethane-based or paint-resistant raw material. The average particle size of the fine particles is 5 to 50 μm. In addition, the roller resistance 値 before the coating of the resin layer is adjusted to 10 4 Ω or more, and the roller resistance 値 after the coating of the resin layer is 1,0 4 ~ printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. () Ω, particularly preferably in the range of 105 to 108Ω. By adjusting the roller resistance 値 after the resin layer is coated to 1 〇4 ~ 1 〇1 ^ Ω, especially in the range of 1 05 ~ 1 〇8 Ω, it is possible to prevent leakage of the photoreceptor or toner film formation. phenomenon. In addition, by adjusting the roller resistance 値 of the resin layer before being coated to 10 4 Ω or more, the difference between the roller resistance 値 of the resin layer after being coated can be suppressed, and pinhole defects in the resin layer can be prevented from occurring. The method for measuring the roller resistance 値 of the present invention is performed according to the following steps (1) to (3). (1) Hold the roller horizontally against the metal plate, and apply a load of 500 g on both ends of the rotating shaft in the direction of the metal plate. (2) Apply a DC voltage of 100 volts between the rotating shaft and the metal plate. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 487832 V. Invention tk Mingr)-9 Current 値. (3) Calculate the roller resistance 由此 from the current 値 and the DC voltage 値. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs However, the electrostatic capacity before the resin layer is covered (Method of measuring and determining the electrostatic capacity: First. First, cross the developing roller horizontally Lie on the flat electrode, and apply a load of 500 g in the direction of the flat electrode on both ends of the axis of rotation of this Hao Ying roller. Press the surface of the developing tube on the flat electrode. The electrostatic capacity is in this state. , 値 measured between the rotating shaft and the plate electrode.) (C i) can be adjusted to 0 · 8 ~ 2 0 nF, and the electrostatic capacitance (C2) after the resin layer is coated can be adjusted to 2 · 5nF The following ranges are preferred. Accordingly, the toner film formation can be suppressed. The reason can be viewed as follows. Immediately after the toner that is adhering to the surface of the developing roller moves to the photoreceptor, a charge of the same polarity as that of the total amount of the moved toner remains on the surface, and the opposite polarity remains. If the charge injected from the rotating shaft does not neutralize the positive residual charge in a short period of time, the toner that is not helpful to the development will electrostatically adsorb on the surface of the developing roller ', and the toner will be easily formed into a film. From the circuit, the developing roller can be regarded as an elastic layer and a single or plural resin layers connected in series. Therefore, if the aforementioned electrostatic capacity C 2 is relatively small, its time constant (the product of the electrostatic capacity and the roller resistance) becomes small, and the aforementioned positive residual charge can be neutralized in a short time, which is useful for development related to the present invention. When the electrostatic capacity (Ci) before the roller and the resin layer is covered is in the range of 0 · 8 to 2 0 n F, the upper limit of the electrostatic capacity (C 2) after the resin layer is covered is 2 · 5 nF. The remaining charge can be neutralized in a short time, so the toner film formation phenomenon can be prevented. This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) -12 ~ 487832 A7 B7 V. Invention Description () (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) However, if the above When the elasticity of the outer layer is too low, the outermost layer will generate a toner filming phenomenon with higher adhesion. On the other hand, if the elasticity of the outermost layer is too high, the developing roller and the control blade or the photoreceptor are in contact with each other at the outermost point. As the conductive elastic layer is deformed and cannot be deformed, the image is not generated. Both. At this time, the stress of the toner that is adhering to the surface of the developing roller is also increased, so the toner is fused on the control blade, and the toner particles are cracked. The dispersion of the charged distribution becomes larger, resulting in uneven density or overexposure on the image. When the developing method is a contact method, the elasticity of the outermost layer must be adjusted to keep the roll gap width within an appropriate range. For this reason, it is known that the blending ratio of the outermost resin composition is adjusted so that the 100% modulus of the outermost resin composition is adjusted to 5 X 1 0 6 P a to 30xl06Pa, preferably in the range of 8xl06Pa to 20X106 Pa More suitable. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. However, the toner is prevented from melting on the control blade and the toner is formed into a film. The average particle diameter of the toner is rav, and the outermost layer of raised particles is made When the height L calculated from the surface is D av, the average distance between the raised particles is D av. For particles meeting the relationship of Γ av / 4 SL $ 4 rav, the relationship of rav SD av $ 8 0 L can be established. should. The reason will be described below. The stress applied to the toner is also related to the degree of distribution of the raised microparticles. As shown in Fig. 4, the fine particles 23a, 23b, 23c, ... raised from the outermost layer 21 have various heights and areal densities and are distributed on the surface of the developing roller. If the area density is too high, the outermost surface is almost covered by particles, so -13- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). Only consumer cooperation printing ^ 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (10) However, if the elasticity of the outermost layer is too low, the outermost layer will form a toner film with high adhesion. On the other hand, if the elasticity of the outermost layer is too high, when the developing roller is brought into pressure contact with the control blade or the photoreceptor, the outermost layer cannot be deformed due to the deformation of the conductive elastic layer, resulting in uneven image. At this time, the stress of the toner that is adhering to the surface of the developing roller also becomes large, so the toner is fused on the control blade, and the toner particles are cracked. The dispersion of the charge distribution becomes large, resulting in uneven density or overexposure on the image. When the developing method is a contact method, the elasticity of the outermost layer must be adjusted to keep the roll gap width within an appropriate range. For this reason, it is known that the blending ratio of the outermost resin component is adjusted so that the 100% modulus of the outermost resin composition is adjusted to 5 X 1 06P a ~ 30xl06Pa, preferably 8xl06Pa ~ 20xl06 Pa It is more appropriate within the range. However, the toner is prevented from fusing on the control blade and the toner is formed into a film. The average particle diameter of the toner is r av, and the height of the raised fine particles from the outermost surface is made to When the average distance between the microparticles is Dav, it is more appropriate to use the relation of r av $ DavS8 0 L for the particles that satisfy the relation of r av / 4SLS4 r 〃. The reason will be described below. The stress applied to the toner is also related to the degree of distribution of the raised microparticles. As shown in Fig. 4, the fine particles 2 3 a, 2 3 b, 2 3 c, ... raised from the outermost layer 21 have various heights and areal densities and are distributed on the surface of the developing roller. If the surface density is too high, the outermost surface is almost covered by fine particles, so the paper size is suitable for the month] Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 ^ 297 mm) (Read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page again) Λ— 定 -13- Good M Department Central ir Bei Nai only consumer cooperation private printing 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (H) The number of toners held between the raised particles will be large The amplitude is reduced, and the stress applied to the toner becomes excessive. On the other hand, even if the areal density is too low, the number of fine particles sufficiently receiving the pressure from the control blade becomes insufficient, and the stress applied to the toner becomes excessive. If the average height of the raised portions of the fine particles is too large, the thickness of the toner will eventually exceed the above-mentioned preferable range (1 to 4 times the average particle diameter of the toner, preferably 1 to 3 times). After the toner moves to the electrostatic latent image of the photoreceptor, the residual amount of the toner that is not related to the development on the surface of the developing roller will increase, so the phenomenon of toner film formation is easily generated. From this reason, it can be seen that, in the present invention, for the fine particles satisfying the relational expression of r av / 4SLS 4 Γ av, the relational expression for distributing the fine particles to Γ av ^ Dav € 80L holds. The measurement of the average distance (D a v) between the raised fine particles is performed according to the following steps (1) to (3). The average particle diameter (r av) of the toner is measured in advance. (1) Using a three-dimensional scanning electron microscope or the like, a specified area is sampled from the surface of the developing roller, and the height (L) calculated from the surface of the microparticles raised in the sampling area is measured. (2) The fine particles having a height satisfying the relational expression of rav / 4SLS4 rav are extracted. (3) For each of the fine particles extracted, the shortest distance between adjacent raised fine particles is measured. For example, the shortest distance between the particles 2 3 a and the adjacent particles in FIG. 4 is the distance (D) from the particles 2 3 b. h scale is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~ -14-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

487832 A7 B7 -----— ____________ V. Description of the invention (12) (4) The arithmetic mean of these shortest distances is the average distance (D av ^ 〇 [outermost layer] The following describes the most relevant to the present invention Outer layer. The outermost layer is preferably made of resin containing -NH Co-bonds such as polyurethane or polyamide. This resin can impart appropriate elasticity and adjustment to the outermost layer of the developing roller. The toner is charged. Haoji-the central ministry of cooperation «. 窣 and K industrial consumption cooperation cooperation printing 1Ϊ and the outermost layer is a repeating unit containing a molecule of NHCO —bond and — R1 0 C 〇2 — It is also possible to use both polycarbonate amine ester resins. This resin, combined with the appropriate elasticity and toner charging properties of a resin containing an NH C 0-bond, also has high temperature and high humidity. It has the characteristics of low water absorption and low dielectric constant in the environment. Therefore, the outermost layer made of this resin can suppress the change of the roller resistance under high temperature and high humidity environment or the development roller. Diameter change, can suppress the change of roll gap width or the gap between developing roller and photoreceptor The variation of the gap width 'can prevent the deterioration of the picture quality. Especially with polycarbonate, it is easy to get out of the hand' and it can be easily diluted with a solvent and can be dip-coated or sprayed, so it is more suitable. R1 'is usually a bisphenol-A type base', but the present invention is not limited to this, alicyclic bases, alkyl groups, etc. may also be used. In particular, the use of the academy base as R1, by From the viewpoint of a very well-balanced resin that is compatible with low hardness and low water absorption, it is more suitable. Also, the outermost resin can also contain NH C 0 —bonded -15- (Please read the back first Please note this page before filling in this page) This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (13) Resin and resin containing a repeating unit of RiO C 〇2 As an example of the blended resin, polyamines, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates which have been diluted in tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylformamide (DMF), and the like can be cited. When manufacturing the aforementioned polycarbonate amine esters, When necessary, a chain extender can be used in combination with a polycarbonate polyol and a polyisocyanate in the presence or absence of a suitable solvent. As for the aforementioned chain extender, ethylene glycol, amines, and polyols can be used. Aliphatic polyamines, aromatic polyamines, and the like are known. The aforementioned polycarbonate polyol is a known material obtained by the condensation of a polyol and phosgene, a chloroformate and a dialkyl carbonate or diallyl carbonate. As for the preferred polycarbonate polyol, the polyols can be 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-monobutylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, etc. It is particularly preferable that the number average molecular weight (Mη) is within a range of 300 to 15 000. Such a polycarbonate polyol is preferably used alone, but a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, or a polyester polyether polyol of a known material used in the production of polyurethane may be used in combination. The "polycarbonate polyol" may be an aromatic or alicyclic polyol (mainly a diol). As for the isocyanate to be reacted with this polycarbonate polyol, toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 4, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), xylene diisocyanate (XDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate ( HDI), hydrogenated MDI or isophorone diisocyanate (I PD I) and the like. Among them, if toxicity and cost are taken into consideration, it is easy to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 mm to 297 mm) for this paper size. -----; ------- Φ1 丨-(Please read the back first (Notes to fill in this page) Order-16 · 487832

A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14)

When the balance of hand and low hardness is reached, hydrogenated M D I or I P D I is used. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) However, as for the outermost resin, it is a resin containing a repeating unit of NHC0-bond • and a S i〇.eS 1 — or a NHC〇 -Bonding, a repeating unit of RiOCOs-and a repeating unit of S i0S i-are preferred. On the outermost layer of resin, it is necessary to contain a repeating unit of -S i0S i-, which will make the outer layer's aggregation energy low, and the outermost layer has good toner release properties, which can prevent toner film formation. Cause. This resin is obtained by combining a chain extender with a suitable solvent in the presence or absence of a suitable solvent, if necessary. At this time, some of the resins are used. The bonded polysiloxane polyol is used as the aforementioned polyol, or a molecule containing a SiOSi-bond in the molecule is used as the aforementioned chain extender. In the production of this resin, any one of the reactive group of the polysiloxane polyol and the isocyanate group of the isocyanate may be used. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs on the aforementioned polyols, including: poly (ethylene adipate), poly (butylene adipate), poly (tetramethylene ether glycol), and poly-e -Well-known polyols for polyurethanes, such as caprolactone diol, polycarbonate polyol, and polypropylene glycol. Among them, polycarbonate polyols are preferred from the viewpoint of preventing a decrease in the amount of toner charge in a high temperature and high humidity environment. As the polycarbonate polyol, a polyhexamethylene carbonate diol-based aliphatic or alicyclic polycarbonate polyol is preferred. And 'as for containing _S i〇S i —bonded multi-tasking crickets', the standard of Chinese paper (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) is applicable to the paper size of this paper. -17- 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (15) From the viewpoint of being easily available, polysiloxanes having the following chemical formulae I to IV may be mentioned. Chemical formula R1 HO—CH2-R3 ^ Β〇) ^ 4-CH2_0HR2 (I) (In the formula, a is an integer of 2 or more. R1 and R2 are alkyl, fluoroalkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic or substituted aromatic groups. , R3, R4 are alkylene or substituted alkylene). (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

1T chemical formula Π:

R5—SiO

lR8 J r R9 I SiO I R12 RIO I Si-R6 I R11 (Π) M · Central central sample guide ^ Force consumer cooperation private seal ^ HC-CHa

I

l OH (in the formula, b is 1 or more and c is an integer of 2 or more. R5 ~ R alkyl, fluoroalkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic or substituted aromatic group, R 1 alkyl or substituted alkylene group). This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 1 is the extension -18- 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (16 Chemical formula IΠ: R14 (R16 1 R13-SiO R15 f ch 2 ve och) ch 2 vf 0CH2 chch2 v oh (m) I OH (In the formula, d, e, f, and g are integers of 1 or more. R13 to R17 are alkyl, fluoroalkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic, or substituted aromatic. ).

SiO IlR17) Chemical formula IV: H0- R24 r fR18 I 'R20 Ί 1 —SiO--1 -SiO- — 1, R19 / h 1 Ir21 j R22 R25

Si〇-R27il > h〇H (iv) R23

R (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The central part of the Ministry of Goods «. Zhun Er Li Consumer Consumption Women's Seal y is the hospital base, fluorine R 2 7 is the elongation (in the formula, h, i is 1 or more Integer. R alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or substituted aryl or substituted alkylene). The polysiloxane polyol esters of the above Chemical Formulae I to IV react as a main chain or a side chain. As for the isocyanates which can react with this polyol, 4,4 / monodiphenylmethane diisocyanate (MD I), cyclohexane diisocyanate, hydrogenated MDI, isophorone diisocyanate, 1, 3-xylene Diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, etc. Further, an amine ester prepolymer obtained by having an isocyanate group at the terminal of these isocyanate, polyol or polyamine reaction component can also be used.

R series and isocyanic acid can be cited as follows: official paper size Shizhou Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -19 487832 good sample of the central part of the jujube Q-J-consumer cooperation Layinfan A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) In addition, as for the aforementioned chain elongating agent, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-monobutylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, ethylenediamine, trimethylene Diamine, tetramethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, isophorone diamine (IPDA), hydrazine, etc. However, the outermost resin may be made of acrylate vinyl acetate copolymer. This acrylate vinyl acetate copolymer is a copolymer between one or both of an acrylate monomer and a methacrylate monomer, and a vinyl acetate. From the viewpoint of suppressing the adhesion of the outermost layer, The copolymer is preferably 50% by weight or more, and more preferably 80% by weight or more in the copolymer. From the viewpoint of making the toner chargeable, vinyl acetate is used. The ester contains more than 3% by weight in the copolymer, more preferably 5% by weight, and 10% by weight The above is more suitable. As for the aforementioned acrylate monomers, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and 2-hexyl acrylate can be used, and as for the aforementioned methacrylate monomer You can use methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, etc. As for the method of forming the outermost layer, according to the viscosity of the resin component of the outermost layer, there are: dip coating, Spray coating, roller coating or brush coating, etc. In addition, the prepolymer is coated on the conductive elastic layer, dried at a specified temperature (hardened as appropriate), and reacted to form the outermost layer. [Conductivity Elastic layer] The following describes the above-mentioned conductive elastic layer. As for this conductive elastic layer, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) is applied to this paper size (read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ) Loading ·

, 1T 20- 487832

Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (^) (A) A polymer consisting of at least one alkenyl group in the molecule, the repeating units constituting the main chain are mainly oxyalkylene units or saturated hydrocarbon-based units (please read the back first) Note: Please fill in this page again.) • (B). The molecule contains at least 2 hydrosilyl hardeners, (C) hydrosilylation catalyst, and (D) a conductive agent. The reactant of the hardening composition is most suitable. In the hardening composition, the polymerization system of component (A) and component (B) are hardened by the hydrosilylation reaction. There is at least one alkenyl group in the molecule, which causes the hydrosilylation reaction to become a polymer. hardening. (A) The number of alkenyl groups contained in the component requires at least one from the viewpoint of reaction with the hydrosilylation of the (B) component. However, from the viewpoint of rubber elasticity, the case of linear molecules depends on the molecule. There are two flammable groups at the two terminals, and in the case of a branched molecule, it is preferable that there are more than two alkenyl groups at the molecular terminal. The main repeating unit constituting the main chain of the component (A) is an oxyalkylene unit or a saturated hydrocarbon unit. In the case where the consumer's cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints the main repeating unit constituting the main chain as a polymer composed of oxyalkylene units, only a small amount of conductive agent is added to make the volume resistivity 1 08ncm ~ 1 〇9Ω (: ιη, so it is more suitable. Also, from the viewpoint of lowering the hardness of the hardened material, the repeating unit is an oxyalkylene-based polymer of an oxyalkylene unit, and further, the repeating unit is oxygen An oxypropylene polymer based on propylenyl units is preferred. Here, the above-mentioned oxyalkylene based polymer refers to the group that constitutes the main chain from 30% or more, preferably 50% as oxyethylene. Alkyl unit

-XI This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 487832 A7 B7__ V. Description of the invention (19) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Units other than the oxyalkylene units are used as a starting material when producing a polymer, and compounds having two or more active hydrogens include, for example, ethylene glycol, bisphenol compounds, glycerol, A unit made of trimethylolpropane, isoprene tetraol, etc. Moreover, in the case of an oxypropane-based polymer, it may be a copolymer (including a graft copolymer) of a unit with ethylene oxide, butylene oxide, or the like. As for the molecular weight of the oxyalkylene-based polymer of the component (A), the number average molecular weight (Mη) is from 500 to 50,000, and from 1,000 to 5,000 from the viewpoint of a good balance of improving reactivity and reducing hardness. 40,000 is more suitable. In particular, the number average molecular weight of 5,000 or more is preferably 5,000 to 40,000. When the number-average molecular weight is less than 500, it is difficult to obtain sufficient mechanical strength (rubber hardness, elongation), etc., when the hardenable composition is to be hardened. On the other hand, if the number average molecular weight is too large, the molecular weight corresponding to one alkenyl group contained in the molecule becomes large, and the reactivity is reduced due to steric hindrance. Therefore, most of them have insufficient hardening, and the viscosity is too high. Tendency to deteriorate workability. All the alkenyl groups of the aforementioned oxyalkylene-based polymer are not particularly limited, but in the following general formula (I) Η 2 C = C (R 1)-(1) (wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group) The alkenyl group represented by) is preferable from the viewpoint of superior hardenability. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -22- 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (20) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Also, this hardening composition One of the characteristics is that it is easy to set the hardness to be low. In order to enable this feature, the number of alkenyl groups at the molecular terminal is preferably two or more. Compared with the molecular weight of (A) component, if the number of alkenyl groups is When it is too much, it will become rigid and fail to obtain good rubber elasticity. In addition, in the case where the main repeating unit constituting the main chain is a polymer of saturated hydrocarbon units, it is preferable that the water absorption is low, and the environmental change of resistance is small. The situation of this polymer is also the same as that described above. The same is true for the oxyalkylene-based polymer and combination. It is a component that reacts with and hardens by the hydrosilylation of the component (B). It has at least one alkenyl group in the molecule, which causes the hydrosilylation reaction to form a polymer and harden. The number of alkenyl groups contained in the component (A) needs to be at least one from the viewpoint of hydrosilylation reaction with the component (B). However, from the viewpoint of rubber elasticity, in the case of linear molecules, the molecule It is advisable to have two terminals at both ends, and in the case of a branched chain, it is advisable to have more than two terminals at both ends of the molecule.

Lf As a representative example of the polymer whose main repeating unit constituting the main chain is a saturated hydrocarbon unit, an isobutylene-based polymer, a hydrogenated isoprene-based polymer, and a hydrogenated butadiene-based polymer can be given. These polymers, even if they contain repeating units of other components such as copolymers, but contain at least 50% of saturated hydrocarbon units, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more, without compromising And the characteristics of saturated hydrocarbons with lower water absorption are more important. As for the molecular weight of the polymer constituting the main repeating unit of the main chain of the saturated hydrocarbon unit (A), the number average molecular weight (Mη) is about 500 to 50,000 from the perspective of easy handling and the like. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -23 · 487832 A7 _________B7_ V. Description of the invention (21) In terms of properties, about 1,000 ~ 15,000, which is liquid at normal temperature and has Mobility is preferred. The alkenyl group introduced into the saturated hydrocarbon polymer is the same as the case of the aforementioned oxyalkylene polymer. Therefore, as the component (A), there is at least one alkenyl group in the molecule, and a preferable specific example of a polymer in which the main repeating unit constituting the main chain is a saturated hydrocarbon system is exemplified by two alkenyl groups at both terminals. Polyisobutylene-based, hydrogenated polybutadiene-based, hydrogenated polyisoprene-based polyisobutylene-based, hydrogenated polyisoprene-based, hydrogenated polyisoprene-based A polymer, etc., and Mw is a weight average molecular weight. In addition, the component (B) in the hardening composition is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having at least two hydrosilyl groups in the molecule, but when the number of hydrosilyl groups contained in the molecule is excessive, After hardening, a large amount of hydrosilyl groups are easily left in the hardened material and become cavities or cracks. Therefore, the number of hydrosilyl groups contained in the molecule may be less than 50. In addition, 2 to 30, more preferably 2 to 20, but from the viewpoint of controlling the rubber elasticity of the hardened material or the stability of storage, and from the viewpoint of easily preventing foaming during curing, it is 20. Even if the hydrosilyl group is inactivated, it is difficult to cause hardening failure. It is preferably 3, and the most suitable range is 3 to 20. Moreover, in the present invention, there is one aforementioned hydrosilyl group, which means that it is necessary to have one hydrazone bonded to Si. In the case of S i H2, two hydrosilyl groups are required. Bonded cymbals have better hardenability with different Si bonds, and are more suitable from the viewpoint of rubber elasticity. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 24- Central iT. ^ ≫ PJ'h.T Consumer Cooperation; ; Yinzi 487832 A7 ____ B7 V. Description of the invention (22) The molecular weight of the component (B) is determined by the dispersibility or roll processability when the conductive agent ((D) component) is added as described later. The number average molecular weight (Mη) is preferably 30,000 or more, more preferably 20,000 or less, and particularly preferably 15,000 or less. When the reactivity or mutual solubility with the component (A) is taken into consideration, 3 0 to 1 0, 0 0 0 is preferable. Regarding the component (B), since the cohesion of the component (A) is larger than that of the component (B), it is more important to modify the system with a phenyl group at the point of mutual solubility, and the interaction with the component (A) For solubility, it is preferable to use styrene modified body for the point of being easy to handle, and for storage stability, it is suitable to use α-methylstyrene modified body. The hydrosilylation catalyst of the (C) component is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a hydrosilylation catalyst. Examples include platinum monomers, alumina, and other monomers that support solid platinum, platinum chloride (also containing complexes such as alcohols), various complexes of platinum, rhodium, iron, iron, Chlorides of metals such as aluminum and titanium. Among these, from the point of catalyst activity, chloroplatinic acid, platinum-olefin complex, and platinum-vinylsiloxane complex are preferred. These catalysts can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The use ratio of the component (A) and the component (B) in the above-mentioned curable composition, the hydrosilyl group in the component (B) is 0 · 2 to the alkenyl group in each mole (A) component. 5.0 moles, and from the point of rubber elasticity, 0.4 to 2.5 moles is appropriate. As for the amount of the component (C), the molar ratio of 1 mole in the component (A) is 10 to 1 to 1 to 8 moles, and further to 1 to 1 to 1 paper size. Su Zhou China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210X297 mm) ~ Order ": (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -25- Central Ministry of Economic Affairs ir ^-> PJK-T-Consumer Cooperation ^ 487832 A7 _______ B7 V. Description of the invention (23) 1 〇 ~ 6 Mor is particularly suitable for use within the range of 〇-3 ~ 1 〇-6 Mor. (C) If the amount of the component used is less than 10-8 mol, the reaction will not proceed. On the other hand, hydrosilylation catalysts are usually expensive, corrosive, and generate a large amount of hydrogen, and the hardened material will foam. Therefore, it is better to not use it when it exceeds 10-1 mol. . Moreover, when the (D) component added to a conductive agent is added to the said hardening composition, and it is set as a conductive composition, it is suitable as a developing roller, and it is suitable. Examples of the conductive agent imparted by the (D) component include carbon black 'or fine metal powder, and a fourth-order ammonium salt group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfate group, and a phosphate ester. Organic compounds or polymers such as ethers, ether esters of ammonium amines or ethers of imine imines, ethylene oxide-epihalohydrin copolymers, and conductive units represented by methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate Compounds' or antistatic agents such as polymer compounds, and the like that can impart conductivity. These conductive additives can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. The amount of the component (D) added to the conductive agent is the total amount of the components (A) to (C). From the point of not increasing the hardness of the rubber, it is preferably 30% by weight or less. On the other hand, from the point of obtaining a uniform resistance, it is preferably 10% by weight or more, and the physical properties are balanced to determine the addition amount to the required rubber hardness, and the volume resistivity of the hardened material is 1 03 ~ 1 0 1 〇Ω cm. Furthermore, a storage stability improver such as a compound having an aliphatic unsaturated bond, an organic phosphorus compound, an organic sulfur compound, a nitrogen-containing compound, a tin-based compound, and an organic solvent may be added to the hardening composition. Paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Qin Dian • 26- 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (24) Oxide also can. As for specific examples, dimethyl maleate, carboxylic acid 2,3-dichloropropene, quinone, etc., it is particularly preferable to use dimethyl butadiate, which has a long life and fast curing properties. Moreover, it is possible to use two or more kinds of fillers, preservatives, lubricants, pigments, etc., which are used in combination with the above-mentioned curable composition or cost. The conductive elastic layer is made of an elastic material such as silicone rubber, a conductive rotating shaft made of aluminum alloy, or the like, and extruded. The conductive elastic layer can also be formed after being formed on the conductive rotating shaft. hardening. Examples include: benzothiazole, thiazole dimethylacetylene ester, 2-pentenenitrile, but not limited by these. Two of them stand in opposition. Thiazole, cis, and the aforementioned storage stability improvers can be used. Stabilizers, plasticizers, and UV-absorbing sclerosing compositions can be added to the material to improve the processability. For example, amine ester rubber is set in a mold made of US or in the center. Time heats and hardens. In this case, printed in semi-hardened state (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. [Comparative Test 1] The following describes Embodiment 1 of the developing roller related to the present invention. 9 to compare these Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1,2. The developing rollers of Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were formed around a stainless steel rotating shaft of 10 mm in diameter to form a conductive elastic layer having a thickness of about 7.5 mm. The outer periphery of the layer is covered with an outermost layer having a predetermined thickness. The conductive elastic layer and the outermost layer are composed of the conductive elastic layers 1 to 3 and the outermost layer 1 to the following. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -27- 487832 A7 __ 乂 .... …… _. _B7_ V. Description of the invention (25)-9 and combined. Conductive Elastic Layer 1 • According to the following formula, the ingredients are mixed and degassed at a pressure of 10 m m H g or lower for 120 minutes to obtain a resin composition. This resin composition was coated on the periphery of a rotating shaft, and was allowed to harden for 30 minutes at 120 ° C in a mold. The conductive elastic layer 1 thus obtained was in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standards (J IS The hardness of J IS A based on K 6301 is 15 degrees. Formula 1 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed parts by weight (A — 1) by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Final m Allyloxypropane-based polymer 1 0 0 (Number average Molecular weight (Μ η) 8000, molecular weight distribution 2) (B-1) Polysiloxane-based hardener (6.6 S i per 100 g valence 0.3 6 Moore) (C a 1) 10% isopropyl alcohol solution of chloroplatinic acid 0.06 (D-1) carbon ^ \ w (7 manufactured by Ling Chemical Co., Ltd. 3 0 3 0 B j) conductive elasticity Layer 2 According to the following formula 2, mix the ingredients, the paper size below 10 mm H g applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 χ 297 mm) -28-487832 B7 V. Description of the invention (26 ) Degassing under reduced pressure for 120 minutes to obtain a resin composition. This resin composition is coated on the periphery of a rotating shaft, and allowed to stand for 30 minutes in a mold at 120 ° C, while curing, Conductivity thus obtained Said elastic layer Industrial Standard (JIS) K 6301 is subject to the JIS A hardness of 115 degrees. Formulation 2

The conductive elastic layer 3 is made of NBR-based rubber (trade name "GoodYear"

Chemigum N683B "; combined with 33% of acrylonitrile content; 100g 'of Muni viscosity 2 8 (ML-4-100C)), compounded with 5g of Ketchin Black EC composition, covered with a rotary mold by injection molding method Paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210X297 mm), installed-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ».I 定 -29- 487832

5. Description of the invention (27) Around the shaft, a conductive elastic layer 3 is formed. The conductive elastic layer 3 has an IS A hardness of 45 degrees based on the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K 6301. Outermost layer 1 A mixed solvent of polycarbonate amine ester (product name E980 "manufactured by Millaktran, Japan) with DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide): Μ EK (methyl ethyl ketone) 1: 1 Dilute to 5% and make a solution after standing for 1 hour. This solution was dipped around the conductive elastic layer and allowed to dry to form the outermost layer 1 having a thickness of about 1 5 // m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 1 was about 1.9 // m. Outermost layer 2 Dilute the solid content of the complex according to the following formula 3 with DMF (N, Ν-dimethylformamide): MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) = 1: 1 and dilute to 5% to make it stand Solution after 1 hour. This solution was dipped around the conductive layer and allowed to dry to form the outermost layer 2 having a thickness of about 20m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 2 was about 3. l // m. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) The paper size printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -30- 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (28) Formula 3 parts by weight of polycarbonate amine ester (product name "E 9 8 0" manufactured by Millaktran, Japan) 10 0 Nylon fine particles 1 Product name "SP one 500" manufactured by Toray, average particle size 5vm) 3 0 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The outermost layer 3 will be the solid of the complex of the following formula 4 with DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide): MEK ( Methyl ethyl ketone) = 1: 1 mixed solvent was diluted to 5% to make a solution after standing for 8 hours. This solution was dipped around the conductive layer and allowed to dry to form the outermost layer 3 having a thickness of about 20 // m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 3 was about 6.3 // m. Recipe 4 Central part of 浐. 准 >p; hT Consumer Cooperative Co., Ltd. ii India, parts by weight of polycarbonate amine ester (product name "E 9 8 0" manufactured by Japan Millaktran Corporation) 10 0 amine ester fine particles (Dainichi Chemical Co., Ltd. The name of the product manufactured by the company is "Seika S even UP 0 9 0 4"; the average particle size is 1 5 // m) 2 0 the outermost layer 4 The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) • 31 -487832 A7

V. Description of the invention (29) The solid content of the complex according to the following formula 5 is diluted to 5% with a mixed solvent of d MF (N, Ν-dimethylformamide): MEK (methyl ethyl ketone): hydrazone, A solution was allowed to stand for 1 hour. Dip this solution around the conductive layer and allow it to dry to form the outermost layer 4 with a thickness of about 16 // m. The surface i degree (Rz) of the outermost layer 4 is about 3.6 // m. Formulation 5 parts by weight of polycarbonate amine ester (product name "E 9 8 0" manufactured by Millaktran, Japan) 10 0 amine ester microparticles (product name "UP0908" manufactured by Daiichi SEIKA Corporation; average particle size 7 // m) 2 0 Outer layer 5 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) lsisssss will be based on the solids of the complex of Formula 6 below, with DMF 彳 Μ, Ν—dimethylformamide): MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) ): Dilute the mixed solvent of 丄 to 5% to make a solution after standing for 8 hours. This solution and liquid stomach were applied to the surroundings of the conductive layer and allowed to dry to form an outermost layer 5 having a thickness of about 2 5 // m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 5 is about 8. 1 // m. This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 32 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (30 Formula 6 parts by weight of polycarbonate amine ester (product name manufactured by Japan Millaktran Company "E 9 8 0 ") 10 0 urethane fine particles (product name" Seika Seven UP0904 "manufactured by Dainichi Seika Co., Ltd .; average particle size 1 5 # m) 3 0 outermost layer, 6 will be a solid of the complex according to the following formula 7, DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide): MEK (methyl ethyl ketone): 1 mixed solvent was diluted to 5% to make a solution after standing for 1 hour. This solution was immersed around the conductive layer to make It is dried to form the outermost layer 6 with a thickness of about 20 // m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 6 is about 7. 8 // m. Formula 7 ----.----— (please first (Read the notes on the back and fill out this page)

* 1T Hao Chubu Central ir standard and hT consumer cooperation shirt printed $ i parts by weight of polycarbonate amine ester (product name "E 9 8 0" manufactured by Japan Millaktran Corporation) 10 0 Acrylate fine particles (manufactured by Sogo Chemical Co., Ltd.) Product name "MX — 1500"; average particle size 1 3 // m) 3 0 The size of this paper is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -33- 487832 called daddy-! Μ Ψ \- ---- j 丨 — '/ ι, Μ, ί 1.15. Description of the invention (31) The outermost layer 7 will be the solid of the complex of the following formula 8' with DMF (N, Ν-dimethyl Formamidine): MEK (methyl ethyl ketone): A mixed solvent of 1 was diluted to 5% to make a solution after standing for 1 hour. This solution is dipped into the surroundings of the conductive layer and allowed to dry 'to form the outermost layer 7 having a thickness of about 20m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 7 is about 2.1. Formulation 8 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) * Packing parts by weight of polycarbonate amine ester (product name "E 9 8 0" manufactured by Millaktran, Japan) 1 0〇 acrylic fine particles (Shoichi Chemical Co., Ltd. Product name "Epostar MA 1 006"; average particle size 5 // m) 8

n ϋ ϋ ^ δ, γ ϋ ϋ ϋ -1 ϋ ϋ ^ 1 I% · The outermost layer printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 8 The solid of the complex of Formula 9 will be used as DMF (N ' Ν—dimethylformamide): A mixed solvent of MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) = 1 ·· 1 was diluted to 5% to prepare a solution after standing for 1 hour. This solution was dipped around the conductive layer and allowed to dry to form the outermost layer 8 having a thickness of about 50 m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 8 is about 1 4/3 "111 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) • 34- 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (32) Formulation 9 parts by weight of polycarbonate amine ester (product name "E 9 8 0" manufactured by Millaktran, Japan) 10 0 amine ester fine particles (product name "Seika Seven UP0902" manufactured by Daiichi SEIKA Co., Ltd .; average particle size 3 0 / / m) 8 fine particles of urethane ester (product name "Seika Seven UP0904" manufactured by Daiichi Shokai Co., Ltd .; average particle size 1 5 // m) 2 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The outermost layer 9 will follow The solid of the complex of the following formula 10 was diluted to 5% with a mixed solvent of DMF (N, N-dimethylformamidine): MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) = 1: 1, and produced after standing for 1 hour. Solution. This solution was dipped into the surroundings of the conductive layer and allowed to dry to form an outermost layer 9 having a thickness of about 16 / m. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 9 is about 3. 2 // m °. Product name "Y — 2 5 8" manufactured by the company) 10 0 Fine particles of amine ester (Product name "Da Seika Seven UP0908" manufactured by Dayue Chemical Co., Ltd .; average particle size 7 // m) 2 0 This paper size applies to China Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -35-487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (33) As shown in Table 1, the above-mentioned conductive elastic layer and the outermost layer are combined to produce Examples 1 to 9 and comparison Examples 1 and 2 of the developing roller. In Table 1, the arithmetic mean 値 (Lav) of the shortest distance (Dav) between the average particles and the height (L) of the particles bulging from the outermost surface is shown. The method for measuring the shortest distance (D a v) between average particles is as described above. And the average particle size of the toner used for this measurement is set to 1 0 # m. Pack-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

、 1T Good Shanghai Central ii. ^-/ Jh Industrial Consumers-fr Hezhu Bamboo Printing Paper Size Applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210X297mm) -36 · 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (34 ) Table 1 Number of the outermost layer of the conductive elastic layer number Surface roughness (Rz) Average shortest distance between particles (Dav) Mean bulge height (Lav) Example 1 1 3 6.3 // m 65 β m 6.2 β m Example 2 2 3 6.3 // m 60 β m 5.7 // m Example 3 3 3 6.3 β m 65 β m 5.8 // m Example 4 1 2 3.1 // m 95 β m 3 A β m Example 5 1 4 3.6 β m 85 // m 2.6 β m Example 6 1 5 SA μ m 45 β m 8.2 // m Example 7 1 6 7.8 / im 30 β m 6.9 β m Example 8 1 8 14.3 // m 1 50 β m 14.0 // m Example 9 1 9 3.2 // m 85 // m 2.8 // m Comparative example 1 1 1 1.9 // m > fnr M Comparative example 2 1 7 2 Λ μ m 3 80 ju m 1.7 / / m (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) • Installation-test, which is a combination of a developing roller in a contact-type developing device 'to print 3,000 black / 3 images. The average particle diameter of the non-magnetic toner used in this test was 10 V m, and the melting point of the non-magnetic toner was 78 ° C. The evaluation of the test was carried out with respect to (1) print density '(2) toner fusion on the control blade. (1) Evaluation of Printing Density ·· After printing the black and 3rd images of the 3,000th sheet, use the Mcbeth densitometer to measure the blackness of the 3,000th sheet. The paper scale is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4. Specifications (210X297 mm) ~ 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (35) Density of cold image. The measurement 値 is evaluated as ^ A when it is above 1-4 (very superior, excellent, above 1-3, and it is "B" (good, good) when it is below 1-4). (2) Evaluation of toner fusion: After printing the black and black image of the 3,000th sheet, visually observe the control blade, and evaluate the toner as "A" (very rarely) when the toner is hardly fused on the blade. Excellent (excellen), "B" (good, good) for a small amount of fusion, and "C" (bad, no good) for a significant degree of fusion. The results of these tests are shown in Table 2. From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that, compared with the comparative example, the developing roller of the example can obtain a good printing density, and can prevent the toner from fusing. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -Installed ·, ιτ Ρ. The Ministry of Justice ^^ > CJh II Consumer Hezhu ii India Fan I Paper; Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 Specification (210 × 297 (Mm) -38- 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (36) Table 2

The 3rd, 0th, 0th print density toner fusion Example 1 AA Example 2 BA Example 3 AB Example 4 AA Example 5 AA Example 6 AA Example 7 BA Example 8 AB Example 9 BA Comparative Example 1 BC Comparative Example 2 BC (Read the precautions on the back before reading this page) • Installation-, ιτ [Comparative Test 2] Next, Example 1 of the developing roller related to the present invention will be described. ~ 18, compare these Examples 10 ~ 18 and Comparative Examples 3 ~ 5. Example 1 0 ~ 18 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 The developing rollers were tied around a stainless steel rotating shaft with a diameter of 10 mm to form a conductive elastic layer having a thickness of about 7.5 mm. The outermost layer of the elastic layer is formed by covering a designated outermost layer. The conductive elastic layer and the outermost layer are composed of the above-mentioned conductive elastic layer 1 and the outermost layer 10 ~ shown below. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~ 487832 A7 B7. Invention Description (37) 2 1 is combined. In the outermost layer 10, the compound of the following formula 1 1 was fed into a three-necked flask of 20000 m 1 and reacted under stirring at 100 ° C for 3 hours to obtain a molecular terminal. Prepolymer with NC 0 base. This prepolymer was cooled to 50 ° C to obtain a mixed solution with 580 g of DMF (dimethylformamide). In this solution, 16 g of 1 P D A (isophorone diamine) was dropped in small amounts, and a chain elongation reaction (40 ° C, 3 hours) was performed to obtain a solid component. For this solid content of 10 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight of amine ester fine particles (product name manufactured by Daiichi SEIKA Co., Ltd. ^ Seika Seven UP0904 "; average particle size 1 5 // m) were obtained to obtain DMF: MEK A mixed solution of = 1: 1 dilutes the complex to an outermost solution of about 6%. This outermost layer solution was dipped in the surroundings of the conductive elastic layer, and dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form the outermost layer 10. The surface roughness (Rz) of this outermost layer 10 is about 7 // m. -Pack-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Order l · M central part of the crotch and dispose of the goods together with bamboo buckle to formula 1 1 polypropylene glycol (pp G; number average molecular weight 2, 0 0 0) 1 5 0 g polydimethylsiloxane polyol 5 0 g cyclohexane diisocyanate 3 2 g This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210X297 mm) -40- 487832 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (38) Outer layer 1 1 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Feed the following compound of formula 12 into a 2,000ml three-necked flask at 100 ° Pre-reaction was carried out under stirring in an environment of C for 4 hours, and a prepolymer having an NC 0 group at the molecular terminal was obtained. This prepolymer was cooled to 50 ° C to obtain a solution mixed with 580 g of DMF (dimethylformamide). In this solution, 16 g of 1 P D A (isophorone diamine) was dropped in small amounts, and chain extension and reaction (40 ° C, 3 hours) were performed to obtain a solid component. For this solid content of 100 parts by weight, and 20 parts by weight of amine ester fine particles (trade name "Seika Seven UP0908" manufactured by Daiichi SEI Kasei Co., Ltd .; average particle diameter 7 // m), DMF: MEK A mixed solution of = 1: 1 dilutes the complex to an outermost solution of about 6%. This outermost layer solution was dipped in the surroundings of the conductive elastic layer, and dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form the outermost layer 1 1. The surface roughness (Rz) of this outermost layer 1 1 is about 3 vm. Formulation 1 2 h-τ consumer sample colloidal hexamethylene carbonate diol (number-average molecular weight 2,0 0) through the central part of the crotch, 1 5 0 g polydimethylsiloxane polyol (Number average molecular weight 2, 0 0 0) 5 0 g Cyclohexane diisocyanate 3 2 g Outer layer 1 2 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) ~ -41-More than the center of the crotch榀 ^ 而 卩 ^. Elimination of cooperation and private printing 487832 A7 B7 _ V. Description of the invention (39) For the solid content 1/1 0 0 parts by weight formed by the formation process of the outermost layer 11 described above, mix with 20 0 weight Parts of amine ester fine particles (product name "Seika Seven UP0904" manufactured by Daisei Seika Co., Ltd .; average particle size 15 / zm), so that a mixed solution of DMF: MEK = 1: 1 can be used to dilute the complex to about 6%. Outer solution. This outermost layer solution was dipped around the conductive elastic layer, and dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form the outermost layer 12. The surface roughness (RZ) of this outermost layer 12 is about 6. The outermost layer 1 3 is 100 parts by weight of the solid content produced by the formation process of the outermost layer 11 described above, and 10 parts by weight of PMMA particles (the product name "MA1013" manufactured by this catalyst company: average) The particle size is 15 H m), so that the mixed solution of DMF: MEK = 1: 1 can dilute the complex to an outermost solution of about 6%. This outermost layer solution was dipped in the surroundings of the conductive elastic layer, and dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form the outermost layer 13. The surface roughness (Rz) of this outermost layer 13 is about 6 // m. Outermost layer 14 ~ 18

A mixture of a polysiloxane and a polycarbonate polyol with a weight ratio of 8: 2 and hydrogenated MD I was fed into a 2,000 m 1 three-necked flask at 1000 ° C. Under stirring in the environment for 4 hours, the reaction was carried out to obtain a prepolymer having an NC 0 group at the molecular terminal. After cooling the prepolymer to 50 ° C, a solution mixed with DMF (dimethylformamide) was obtained. A small amount of 1 PDA was dripped into each of the solutions, and the paper was used at 40 ° C in China. Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page).

1T-42 · 487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (40) Perform a 3 hour chain elongation reaction. 10 parts by weight of the resulting solid content was mixed with 20 parts by weight of amine ester fine particles (product name "Seika Seven UP0904 ^ •, manufactured by Daiichi SEIKI Co., Ltd., average particle diameter 15 " m), and DMF: MEK was obtained. A mixed solution of 1: 1 dilutes the complex to an outermost solution of about 6%. Therefore, 'dip this outermost solution around the conductive elastic layer and dry it at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form the outermost layer 1 4 ~ 18, the outermost layers 14 ~ 18 are as shown in Table 3, and can form 100% modulus different from each other. These 100% modulus can be adjusted by the aforementioned polyol, hydrogenation of MD I and I PDA The surface roughness (RZ) of these outermost layers is 5 ~ 7 // m. Table 3 1 0 0% modulus (1 0 6 P a) outermost layer 1 4 4 outermost layer 1 5 8 most Outer layer 1 6 17 Outer layer 1 7 2 5 Outer layer 1 8 3 3 Good Shanghai Central ii.-Belgian-T Consumer Cooperation ii India Purple (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Outer layer 1 9 The solid content of polycarbonate amine ester (trade name "E980" manufactured by Millaktran, Japan) is mixed with DMF: MEK = 1: 1. The paper size is applicable to Chinese national standards (CNS ) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -43- 487832 A7 B7 Good Shanghai Ministry of Justice «. Beier on the consumer cooperation ii India> V. Description of the invention (41 solvent was diluted to about 6% to obtain the outermost solution. The outermost layer solution was dipped into the surroundings of the conductive layer and allowed to dry at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form the outermost layer 19. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 19 was about 2 // m. Outer layer 20 Dilute the solid content of polyvinylidene fluoride (trade name "Cefral Soft G-180Y" manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.) with DMF solution to about 5% to obtain the outermost solution. This solution is immersed in conductive The outermost layer 20 was dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form an outermost layer 20. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 20 was about 1 // m. The outermost layer 2 1 methoxymethyl The solid content of the chemical resistant nylon (trade name "EM-120" manufactured by the lead company) was diluted with methanol to 10% to obtain the outermost solution. This solution was dipped in the elastic elastic layer to 80 ° C is dried for 1 hour to form the outermost layer 21. The surface roughness (Rz) of the outermost layer 21 is about 1 Vm. As shown in Table 4, combining the above-mentioned conductive elastic layer and the outermost layer, The developing rollers of Examples 10 to 18 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 were fabricated. Also shown in Table 4, the arithmetic of the shortest distance (Dav) between the average particles and the height (L) of the particles bulging from the outermost surface Average 値 (Lav). The measurement method of the shortest distance between average particles (D av) is as described above. In this measurement, the average particle diameter of the toner is set to 1 〇Α π This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 Specifications (210X07 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} • · ϊ 1 ·-n —mMK mi ϋ · mi -44-487832 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (42) Table 4 Conductivity Elastic layer number Outer layer number Surface roughness (Rz) Average shortest distance between particles (Dav) Average of bulge height 値 (U Example 10 1 10 Ί β m 60 // m 7.0 // m Example 11 1 11 3 μ m 8 3 // m 2.7 // m embodiment 12 1 12 6 β m 63 // m 6Λ β m embodiment 1 3 1 13 6 β m 98 // m 6.5 β m embodiment 1 4 1 14 5 8 / / m 5.7 // m Example 1 5 1 15 60 // m 6.0 β m Example 1 6 1 16 5 ～ 7 // m 62 β m 5.9 μ m Example 17 1 17 65 ^ m 6.1 // m implementation Example 1 8 1 18 67 // m 6.3 // m Comparative example 3 1 19 2 β m J v \ N Comparative example 4 1 20 1 β m ΛττΤ ΤΠΓ J \ w 4rrr Still comparative example 5 1 21 1 β m M None (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again.) The test is a combination of a developing roller and a contact developing device to print 5,000 black / 3 images. The average particle size of the non-magnetic toner used in this test The diameter is about 10 mm, and the melting point of this non-magnetic toner is 7 8 ° C. Also, a stainless steel manufacturer is used as the control blade. The evaluation of the test is based on (1) print density and (2) color tone Agent film formation, (3 paper sizes are suitable for Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 male thin) ~ 487832 Good Shanghai Ministry of Justice * ?. Humble and only consumer cooperation cooperation Shanyin ^ A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (43)) The fusion of the toner on the control blade is performed at three points. (1) Evaluation of printing density: When printing 5,000 sheets of black and no image, use Mcbeth density meter to measure The density of the black / 3 image on the 1,000th and 5,000th sheets. The measurement was evaluated as "A" (very excellent, excellent) from 1 · 35 to under. "B" (slightly good) at 1 and 4 and "〇" at 1.3 and below 1.35 (not enough) "Insufficient", "D" (bad) when less than 1 · 3 (0) Evaluation of toner film formation: visually observe the surface of the developing roller after printing the 5, 000th sheet It was evaluated as "A" (very excellent, excellent) when toner filming was not confirmed at all, and "B" (good, good) was hardly confirmed sometimes, and "C" ( Bad, no good). (3) Evaluation of toner fusion: After printing the black / 3 image of the 5,000th sheet, lightly wipe the surface of the control blade with a dry cloth and observe visually. It was evaluated as if no toner fusion was confirmed at all. "A" (excellent, excellent), almost unconfirmed sometimes "B" (good, g00d), and "C" (bad, no good) when confirmed to have several positions. The results of these tests are not shown in Table 5. From the results in Table 5, it can be seen that compared with the comparative example, the developing roller of the example can obtain a good printing density, which can prevent toner film formation and toner fusion. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm). Packing-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ..-- Order-46-487832 A7 B7 ^ ________________ V. Description of the invention (44) Table 5

------ 1 Print density of the 100th to 5,000th toner film-forming toner fusion printing density Example 10 AAAA Example 11 AAAA Example 12 AAAA Example 1 3 ABBA Example 14 ABBA Example 15 AAAA Example 1 6 AAAA Example 17 ABAA Example 1 8 ABAA Comparative Example 3 ABBC Comparative Example 4 DDCC Comparative Example 5 ACCC (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} Good Shanghai Department «. ^ And h η Consumer cooperation 1i The industrial availability of the printing switch is as described above. The developing rollers related to the present invention are formed using electrophotographic methods such as photocopiers, printers or facsimile receiving signal devices. The device is more suitable for use in a developing device using a non-magnetic single-component developer. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) _ • 47-

Claims (1)

487832 A8 B8 C8 D8 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and applied for patent scope t I two IU one '.. one' / i'V i; Shoot: '' No. 丨 8Ϋ110181 for profit application '... ...-, ...... 一 ............ 一 -—1 1 Amendment of Chinese patent application scope Amendment in February of the Republic of China. 1 · A developing roller, which is conductive There is a single or plural elastic layer (1 2) around the flexible rotating shaft (1 1), and a developing roller (1 〇) composed of a single or plural resin layer (1 3) is laminated on the elastic layer. , Characterized in that the aforementioned elastic layer '(1 2) has a JISA hardness of 50 degrees or less, and at least the outermost layer of the aforementioned single or plural resin layers (1 3) is composed of a resin containing an NHC 0-bond The outermost layer contains fine particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 50 m. The surface roughness of the outermost layer is adjusted to be within a range of 3 to 15 m. 2 · A developing roller, which is provided with a single or plural elastic layer (1 2) around a conductive rotating shaft (1 1), and a single or plural resin layer (1 3) is laminated on the elastic layer The developing roller (10) constituted by) is characterized in that: the elastic layer (1 2) has a JISA hardness of 50 degrees or less, and is at least the outermost layer among the single or plural resin layers (1 3 ·). It is made of acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the outermost layer contains fine particles with an average particle size of 5 ~ 5 0 // m. The surface roughness of the outermost layer is adjusted to 3 ~ 1 5 // m Within range. · 3. For the developing roller of item 1 of the patent application scope, in which the aforementioned paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). ^-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) I Order 487832 8 888 ABCD Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. The scope of the patent application The lipid composition contains a R0C 0 2- Repeating units. 4. If the developing roller of claim 1 or item 3 is applied for a patent, wherein the aforementioned resin composition contains a repeating unit of -S i0S i-. 5. The developing roller according to item 1 or item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aforementioned fine particles are made of amine ester-based or nylon-based raw materials. 6. If the developing roller according to item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the aforementioned elastic layer (1 2) consists of (A) molecules containing at least 1 alkenyl group in the molecule, the repeating unit constituting the main chain is mainly Polymers made of oxyalkylene units or saturated hydrocarbon-based units, (B) a hardener containing at least 2 hydrosilyl groups in the molecule, (C) a hydrosilylation catalyst, and (D) a It is preferable to react with a curable composition containing a conductive agent as a main component. 7 · If the developing roller of the first or second item of the scope of the patent application, the thickness of the outermost layer containing the aforementioned fine particles is set within a range of 5 to 5 0 // m. 8 · If the developing roller of item 1 or item 2 of the patent application scope is the outermost layer with an elongation of 300 ~ 600% based on J IS K 6251. 9. If the developing roller of item 1 or 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the resistance 値 of the roller before the single or plural resin layer (1 3) is covered is 10 4 Ω or more, and the resin is covered After the layer, the roller resistance 値 is 104 ~ 1010 [丨 Ω. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 7 ~ 1: (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 487832 A8 B8 C8 D8 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. Application for a patent scope 1 10. If the development roller of the patent scope item 1 or 2 is applied, it is covered with the aforementioned single or multiple resin layers (1 3) The electrostatic capacity of the previous roller is 0 · 8 ~ 2 0 n F, and the electrostatic capacity after covering the resin layer is 2 · 5 n F or less. 1 1. A developing device, which is composed of a combination of developing rollers of any one of the scope of claims 1 to 10 of the patent application. 1 2. A developing roller (1 0), which has a single or plural elastic layer (1 2) 'on the periphery of the conductive rotating shaft (1 1), and is laminated on the elastic layer with a single or plural elastic layer. The developing roller (10) composed of the resin layer (13) is characterized in that: the elastic layer (1 2) has a JIS A hardness of 50 degrees or less, and one or more of the foregoing resin layer (1 3). At least the outermost layer is made of a resin composition containing -NHC ◦-bonding, and the outermost layer contains fine particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 5 0 // m. The outermost layer has fine particles bulging from the surface. When the height of the fine particles raised from the surface is L, the average particle diameter of the toner is rav, and the average distance between the fine particles raised from the surface is Dav, the fine particles satisfying the relational expression of r av / 4SLS4 r , The relationship with rav SD av S 8 0 L holds. 1 3 · — a developing roller (10), which is provided with a single or plural elastic layer (1 2) around a conductive rotating shaft (1 1), and a single or plural elastic layer is laminated on the elastic layer _Developing roller (1〇) composed of the resin layer (1 3), which is characterized by: This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) _? _ (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again for details) 487832 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Patent application scope The aforementioned elastic layer (1 2) has a degree of 50 degrees or less, S Α hard., ¾ among the aforementioned single or plural resin layers (1 3) The outermost layer {is made of acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the outermost layer contains particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 5 0 // m. The outermost layer has fine particles bulging from the surface. When the height of the fine particles on the surface is L ′, and the average particle diameter of the toner is rav, and the average distance between the fine particles on the surface is D av, for the fine particles that satisfy the relationship of rav / 4 ^ LS 4 rav, A relation with ravg D av $ 8 0 L is established. ... s ··· :; 'i 1 4 · If the g or g of item 12 or item 13 in the scope of patent application, the average particle diameter rav of the toner is in the range of 5 ~ 1 0 // Internal 1 5 · —A developing device, which is characterized by combining the developing rollers of any one of the items 2 to 14 of the patent application scope. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) -4