TW202434327A - 微針貼附劑 - Google Patents
微針貼附劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202434327A TW202434327A TW112132469A TW112132469A TW202434327A TW 202434327 A TW202434327 A TW 202434327A TW 112132469 A TW112132469 A TW 112132469A TW 112132469 A TW112132469 A TW 112132469A TW 202434327 A TW202434327 A TW 202434327A
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- microneedle
- adhesive layer
- thickness
- skin
- length
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Abstract
本發明之微針貼附劑具備支持體;黏著劑層,其設置於支持體之主面;及微針陣列,其至少一部分位於黏著劑層內。黏著劑層包含水溶性高分子、甘油、及水。水之含量相對於黏著劑層之總質量為45~70質量%。微針陣列具備基板;及至少一個微針,其自該基板之主面豎立。黏著劑層包含位於微針陣列上之主部。主部之厚度相對於微針之長度為0.9~1.3倍。
Description
本發明之一態樣係關於一種微針貼附劑。
專利文獻1中記載了一種附微細針之貼附劑。該貼附劑係於黏著層之內部具備能夠自該黏著層向貼合面側突出之一根以上之微細針構件。
專利文獻2中記載了一種貼附劑,其具備:支持體;黏著劑層,其設置於支持體之一面,且包含活性成分;及微針陣列,其具有設置於基板上之微針。微針自黏著劑層中露出並刺入皮膚後,藉由彈性向遠離該皮膚之方向移動。
先前技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2007-1938號公報
專利文獻2:日本專利特開2015-151380號公報
[發明所欲解決之問題]
業界期望一種能夠高效率地進行活性成分之經皮投予之微針貼附劑。
[解決問題之技術手段]
本發明之一態樣之微針貼附劑具備:支持體;黏著劑層,其設置於支持體之主面;及微針陣列,其至少一部分位於黏著劑層內;黏著劑層包含水溶性高分子、甘油、及水;水之含量相對於黏著劑層之總質量為45~70質量%;微針陣列具備:基板;及至少一個微針,其自該基板之主面豎立;黏著劑層包含位於微針陣列上之主部;主部之厚度相對於微針之長度為0.9~1.3倍。
於此種態樣中,將水之含量、及微針陣列上之黏著劑層之厚度與微針之長度之比分別設定為對應之上述數值範圍內。根據該構成,維持微針貼附劑對皮膚之附著性,並且藉由自黏著劑層突出之微針將該皮膚拉伸。結果,經拉伸之皮膚與黏著劑層之接觸面積增加,因此可高效率地進行活性成分之經皮投予。
[發明之效果]
根據本發明之一態樣,可高效率地進行活性成分之經皮投予。
以下,參考隨附圖式,對本發明之實施方式詳細地進行說明。圖式之說明中,對相同或同等之元件標記相同之符號,並省略重複之說明。
圖1係一例之微針貼附劑10之立體圖。微針貼附劑10係以敷劑、貼劑等形式使用之製劑。於一例中,微針貼附劑10具備:支持體12;黏著劑層14,其形成於支持體12之主面之大致整面;剝離片材16,其可剝離地貼附於黏著劑層14之作用面;及微針陣列20,其嵌埋於黏著劑層14內。黏著劑層14之作用面係指使用微針貼附劑10時與使用者之皮膚相接之面。
微針貼附劑10之面積可根據使用者之症狀、年齡、體重、性別等進行設定。例如,微針貼附劑10之面積可為1~500 cm
2,亦可為10~400 cm
2。藉由使其面積為1 cm
2以上,容易維持活性成分之充分之皮膚透過性。藉由使其面積為500 cm
2以下,容易進行微針貼附劑10之操作。
支持體12係片狀構件。支持體12可具有伸縮性。支持體12之材質可考慮物理性質(厚度、伸長率、拉伸強度、貼附作業性等)、貼附時之觸感、皮膚之密閉性、活性成分向支持體12之轉移等來選擇。例如,其材質可為織布、不織布、樹脂膜、發泡片材、或紙。作為織布之例,可例舉編織布。於使用織布、不織布、或樹脂膜作為支持體12之情形時,作為其等之原材料,例如可例舉:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯等聚烯烴、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)等聚酯、嫘縈、聚胺酯、及棉。該等原材料可單獨使用一種,亦可組合兩種以上來使用。支持體12可具有單層構造,亦可具有多層構造。支持體12可為片狀多孔質材或片狀發泡體。
作為編織布之例,可例舉將聚酯系、尼龍系、聚丙烯系、嫘縈系等材料組合一種或兩種以上而成之編織布。例如可使用與活性成分之相互作用較少之包含聚酯系聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯的編織布。
於支持體12為編織布或不織布之情形時,若使含有水之黏著劑組合物在支持體12上延展,則有黏著劑組合物通過支持體12之網眼滲透至支持體之背面側之虞。考慮到該方面,編織布或不織布之單位面積重量可為50~150 g/m
2,亦可為75~125 g/m
2。藉由使單位面積重量為此種範圍,存在可使黏著劑組合物不通過支持體12之間隙滲透至支持體12之背面側而使該黏著劑組合物延展之傾向。除此以外,還可維持支持體12與黏著劑層14之間之抓固力。
關於支持體12之伸縮性,於縱向及橫向中之至少一者上50%模數(50%延伸時之負載)可為0.5~10 N/50 mm。此處,「縱向」係指製造編織布之步驟中之行進方向,「橫向」係指與縱向正交之方向,即寬度方向。模數之測定方法係基於JIS L 1018:1999。
支持體12之厚度例如可於5~1000 μm之範圍內設定。使其厚度為5 μm以上之原因在於容易進行微針貼附劑10之操作。使其厚度為1000 μm以下之原因在於防止支持體12之硬度對微針貼附劑10之附著性造成之影響。
黏著劑層14係具有能夠貼附於人類之皮膚之黏著性之層。於一例中,黏著劑層14含有水溶性高分子及水。黏著劑層14亦可進而包含活性成分(生理活性物質)。「黏著劑層包含活性成分」係包括活性成分存在於黏著劑層14中之態樣、及活性成分附著於黏著劑層14之作用面之態樣兩者的概念。
水溶性高分子意指具有親水性基之高分子。作為親水性基之例,可例舉:羥基、羧基、胺基等。藉由黏著劑層14含有水溶性高分子,可更長時間保持微針貼附劑10中之水分。
水溶性高分子可為聚丙烯酸中和物(有時稱作「水溶性丙烯酸聚合物」)。藉由黏著劑層14包含聚丙烯酸中和物,可提供具有優異附著性之黏著劑層14。
水溶性丙烯酸聚合物係使具有發揮水溶性之官能基(親水性基)之含丙烯醯基之化合物進行聚合而獲得之聚合物。黏著劑層14藉由同時含有水及水溶性丙烯酸聚合物,從而發揮附著性。水溶性丙烯酸聚合物例如為使聚丙烯酸或其中和物、具有親水性基之丙烯酸酯、或具有親水性基之丙烯醯胺等含丙烯醯基之化合物進行聚合而獲得之聚合物。水溶性丙烯酸聚合物可為由具有丙烯醯基之一種化合物所獲得之均聚物,亦可為由具有丙烯醯基之兩種以上之化合物所獲得之共聚物。
親水性基可為陽離子性親水性基、陰離子性親水性基、及非離子性親水性基之任一種。作為陽離子性親水性基之例,可例舉四級銨基。作為陰離子性親水性基之例,可例舉:羧基、磺基、及磷酸基。作為非離子性親水性基之例,可例舉:羥基、及胺基。
聚丙烯酸中和物可為聚丙烯酸完全中和物,亦可為聚丙烯酸部分中和物,還可為其等之混合物。又,亦可進而混合聚丙烯酸。基於容易調整黏著劑層之pH值而抑制黏著劑層中所含有之成分之分解等的觀點而言,聚丙烯酸中和物亦可為聚丙烯酸部分中和物與聚丙烯酸之混合物。作為聚丙烯酸完全中和物及聚丙烯酸部分中和物,可例舉聚丙烯酸鹽,例如可使用:鈉鹽、鉀鹽、鈣鹽、銨鹽等。於黏著劑層14中包含聚丙烯酸中和物作為水溶性高分子之情形時,相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,其含量可調整為1~15質量%,亦可調整為2~12質量%,還可調整為5~10質量%。藉由使聚丙烯酸中和物之含量為1質量%以上,能夠充分地獲得聚丙烯酸中和物之附著力。藉由使聚丙烯酸中和物之含量為12質量%以下,從而提高黏著劑層14之成型性及自守性。
作為聚丙烯酸中和物,亦可使用初始附著力及經時附著力均變高之聚丙烯酸部分中和物。聚丙烯酸部分中和物係於一個聚合物鏈中以任意比率存在來自丙烯酸之結構單元、及來自丙烯酸鹽之結構單元的組合物。聚丙烯酸部分中和物亦可使用一個聚合物鏈中之羧基中之20~80莫耳%被中和者。
於黏著劑層14中包含聚丙烯酸完全中和物及聚丙烯酸部分中和物中之至少一者作為水溶性高分子之情形時,相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,其含量之總量可調整為1~10質量%,亦可調整為2~9質量%。藉由使聚丙烯酸完全中和物及聚丙烯酸部分中和物中之至少一者之含量之總量為1質量%以上,能夠充分地獲得黏著劑層14之附著力。藉由使聚丙烯酸完全中和物及聚丙烯酸部分中和物中之至少一者之含量之總量為9質量%以下,從而提高黏著劑層14之成型性及自守性。
於黏著劑層14中進而包含聚丙烯酸作為水溶性高分子之情形時,相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,其含量可調整為0.1~5質量%,亦可調整為0.2~4質量%,還可調整為0.3~3質量%。藉由使聚丙烯酸之含量為0.1質量%以上,從而存在進一步提高黏著劑層14之成型性及自守性之傾向。藉由使聚丙烯酸之含量為5質量%以下,從而存在黏著劑層14之硬度不易變高,對皮膚之密接性變得更高之傾向。
於具有親水性基之丙烯酸酯中,丙烯酸酯部分可為丙烯酸烷基酯。其烷基部分可為碳數1~10之烷基,亦可為碳數1~8之烷基。於具有親水性基之丙烯酸酯中,親水性基可存在於該烷基部分。
黏著劑層14中亦可包含除水溶性丙烯酸聚合物以外之成分作為水溶性高分子。例如,黏著劑層14可包含:明膠、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、海藻酸鈉、玻尿酸鈉、羥丙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉(Carmellose sodium)、甲基纖維素、鹿角菜膠、葡甘露聚糖、瓊脂、瓜爾膠、三仙膠、結冷膠、果膠、或刺槐豆膠。其等可單獨使用一種,亦可組合兩種以上來使用。例如可使用羧甲基纖維素鈉、明膠、或聚乙烯醇。該等成分亦可與水溶性丙烯酸聚合物組合來使用。
於黏著劑層14包含除水溶性丙烯酸聚合物以外之水溶性高分子之情形時,相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,其含量可調整為0.1~30質量%,亦可調整為3~18質量%,還可調整為3~10質量%。若除水溶性丙烯酸聚合物以外之水溶性高分子之含量為3質量%以上,則存在黏著劑層14之凝聚力容易變高之傾向。若其含量為10質量%以下,則存在黏著劑層14中所包含之活性成分容易均勻地分散之傾向。
藉由黏著劑層14含有水,從而提高活性成分之皮膚透過性,更有效地發揮活性成分之作用。水之含量相對於黏著劑層14之總質量可為45~70質量%。藉由使水之含量為70質量%以下,從而存在黏著劑層之成形性及保形性變得更高之傾向。
黏著劑層14亦可含有丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸2-乙基己酯共聚物樹脂。先前之貼附劑中,若黏著劑層14之質量較小,則水含量容易下降,附著力容易下降。藉由黏著劑層14包含丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸2-乙基己酯共聚物樹脂,從而存在即便於黏著劑層14之質量相對較小之情形時,經過長時間後亦容易維持充分之附著力之傾向。
黏著劑層14亦可進而包含增溶劑、交聯劑、保濕劑、清涼劑、穩定劑、填充劑、防腐劑、螯合劑、無機粉體、著色劑、著香劑、或pH值調整劑等作為其他成分。
增溶劑係用於使活性成分溶解。作為增溶劑,例如可例舉:克羅米通;N-甲基吡咯啶酮;聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚丁二醇等聚伸烷基二醇;肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、己二酸二乙酯等脂肪酸酯;聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯等氧伸烷基脂肪酸酯;聚氧伸烷基山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯等脂肪酸酯;聚氧乙烯氫化蓖麻油;聚山梨醇酯80等界面活性劑。該等增溶劑可單獨使用一種,亦可組合兩種以上來使用。增溶劑之含量相對於黏著劑層14之總質量可調整為0.1~10質量%。
交聯劑係用於使黏著劑層14牢固,並且具有保水性。作為交聯劑之例,可例舉:胺基樹脂、酚樹脂、環氧樹脂、醇酸樹脂、不飽和聚酯等熱硬化性樹脂、異氰酸酯化合物、封端異氰酸酯化合物、有機系交聯劑、硫酸鉀鋁(明礬)、矽酸鋁、硫酸鎂、矽酸鋁鎂、二羥基胺基乙酸鋁、氫氧化鋁凝膠、及金屬或金屬化合物等無機系交聯劑。相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,交聯劑之含量可為0.01~10質量%,亦可為0.01~6.5質量%,亦可為0.01~3質量%,亦可為0.05~2質量%,亦可為0.1~1質量%。
保濕劑係用於抑制隨時間經過而水分自黏著劑層14蒸發。作為保濕劑,例如可例舉:甘油、山梨糖醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、聚乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、及1,4-丁二醇等多元醇,亦可例舉:玻尿酸、膠原蛋白、腦醯胺、脲、及肝素。該等保濕劑可單獨使用一種,亦可組合兩種以上來使用。相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,保濕劑之含量可調整為0.1~70質量%,亦可調整為3~70質量%。
藉由黏著劑層14含有多元醇,從而存在黏著劑層14變得更軟,進一步提高微針貼附劑10之附著性之傾向。
於黏著劑層14中包含甘油作為多元醇之情形時,相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,甘油之含量可為5~70質量%,亦可為10~50質量%,還可為15~45質量%。若甘油之含量為5質量%以上,則於微針貼附劑10之使用中可進一步推遲黏著劑層14之乾燥,容易更長時間維持微針貼附劑10之附著力。若甘油之含量為50質量%以下,則甘油不易自黏著劑層14分離,黏著劑層14之表面更不易黏膩。
作為清涼劑,例如可例舉:瑞香草酚、l-薄荷腦、dl-薄荷腦、l-異洋薄荷醇、薄荷油等。清涼劑可使用l-薄荷腦。清涼劑之含量相對於黏著劑層14之總質量可調整為0.5~3質量%。
作為穩定劑,例如可例舉:氧苯酮、二丁基羥基甲苯(BHT)、乙二胺四乙酸鈉、UV(Ultraviolet,紫外線)吸收劑(例如,二苯甲醯甲烷衍生物)等。穩定劑之含量相對於黏著劑層14之總質量可調整為0.01~3質量%。
作為填充劑之例,可例舉:碳酸鈣、碳酸鎂、矽酸鹽(例如,矽酸鋁、矽酸鎂等)、矽酸、硫酸鋇、硫酸鈣、鋅酸鈣、氧化鋅、氧化鈦等。相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,填充劑之含量可為0.01~10質量%,亦可為3~9質量%。
作為防腐劑之例,可例舉:對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥基苯甲酸乙酯、對羥基苯甲酸丙酯、及對羥基苯甲酸丁酯等。
作為螯合劑之例,可例舉:乙二胺四乙酸鹽、焦磷酸鹽、六偏磷酸鹽、及葡萄糖酸等。相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,螯合劑之含量可為0.01~1質量%,亦可為0.05~0.5質量%,還可為0.1~0.3質量%。
作為pH值調整劑之例,可例舉:乙酸、乳酸、草酸、檸檬酸、酒石酸等有機酸;鹽酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等無機酸;以及該有機酸及該無機酸之藥學上容許之鹽。相對於黏著劑層14之總質量,pH值調整劑之含量可為0.01~1質量%,亦可為0.05~0.7質量%,還可為0.1~0.5質量%。
作為無機粉體、著色劑、及著香劑,可使用一般用於微針貼附劑10之組合物。
活性成分例如可選自由以下化合物所組成之群:抗氧化劑、自由基捕捉劑、保濕劑、脫色素劑、脂肪調節劑、紫外線反射劑、濕潤劑、抗菌劑、抗過敏藥、抗痤瘡藥、抗老化藥、抗皺藥、殺菌劑、止痛劑、止咳藥、止癢藥、局部麻醉劑、防脫髮劑、生髮助劑、生髮抑制劑、抗頭屑劑、抗組胺劑、角質溶解藥、消炎藥、清涼飲料、治療藥、抗感染藥、抗炎劑、止吐劑、抗膽鹼能激動劑、血管收縮藥、血管擴張藥、創傷癒合助劑、肽、多肽、蛋白質、除臭劑、止汗劑、皮膚軟化劑、皮膚之保濕液、柔軟劑、護髮素、毛髮軟化劑、毛髮保濕劑、美黑劑、美白劑、抗真菌劑、脫毛劑、外用止痛藥、對抗刺激劑、痔瘡藥、殺蟲劑、藤漆治療藥、毒藤漆治療藥、燙傷治療藥、抗尿布疹藥、汗疹藥、化妝水、維生素、胺基酸、胺基酸衍生物、草藥萃取物、視黃醇類、類黃酮、感覺標記物、護膚劑、染髮劑、螯合劑、細胞更新增強劑、著色劑、防曬劑、麻醉劑、免疫活化劑、滋補藥、水分吸收劑、皮脂吸收劑、美膚成分、及其等之混合物。
為了治療局部皮膚疾病,活性成分例如亦可包含萃取物或酊劑等植物之調合液。作為萃取物或酊劑之例,可例舉:橡樹之樹皮之萃取液、核桃之萃取液、山金車之酊劑、金縷梅之萃取物、長葉車前草之萃取物、三色堇之萃取物、百里香或鼠尾草之萃取物;聖約翰草之酊劑、金光菊之萃取物、洋甘菊之萃取物、或金盞花之酊劑;用於嚴重疲勞及受損之皮膚之護理之例如樺樹葉之萃取物、蕁麻之萃取物、款冬之萃取物、康福利草之酊劑、馬尾草之萃取物、或蘆薈之萃取物;七葉樹及假葉樹之萃取物、山金車、金盞花及辣椒之萃取物。
作為活性成分,不僅可包含胺基酸、其鹽、酯、或醯基衍生物,還可包含由各種蛋白質之水解所得之胺基酸。作為此種胺基酸藥品之例,例如可例舉:烷基醯胺烷基胺、麩胺酸硬脂基乙醯基酯、辛醯蠶絲胺基酸、辛醯膠原蛋白胺基酸等兩性胺基酸;辛醯角蛋白胺基酸;辛醯豌豆胺基酸;椰油基二甲基銨羥丙基胺基酸蠶絲;玉米蛋白胺基酸;半胱胺酸;麩胺酸;甘胺酸;發角蛋白胺基酸;例如天冬胺酸、蘇胺酸、絲胺酸、麩胺酸、脯胺酸、甘胺酸、丙胺酸、半胱胺酸(Half-cystine)、纈胺酸、甲硫胺酸、異白胺酸、白胺酸、酪胺酸、苯丙胺酸、氧化半胱胺酸、離胺酸、組胺酸、精胺酸、半胱胺酸(cysteine)、色胺酸、瓜胺酸等毛髮胺基酸;離胺酸;蠶絲胺基酸;小麥胺基酸;及其等之混合物。
作為活性成分,肽、多肽、及蛋白質包含具有例如碳原子數至少約為10之長鏈、及例如至少為1000之高分子量的聚合物,其等係藉由胺基酸之自縮合而形成。作為此種蛋白質之例,可例舉:膠原蛋白;去氧核糖核酸酶;碘化玉米蛋白;角蛋白;乳蛋白;蛋白酶;血清蛋白;蠶絲;甜杏仁蛋白;小麥胚芽蛋白;小麥蛋白;小麥蛋白、角蛋白之α及β螺旋;例如中間絲蛋白、高硫含量之蛋白質、極高硫含量之蛋白質、中間絲相關蛋白、高酪胺酸蛋白、高甘胺酸-酪胺酸蛋白、毛透明蛋白、及其等之混合物等毛髮蛋白。
作為抗皺成分之例,可例舉:玻尿酸、玻尿酸鈉、視黃醇(維生素A)、水飛薊賓肽類(HTC膠原蛋白、棕櫚醯五肽、肽3、ARGIRELINE)、胺基酸類、羥基脯胺酸、視黃酸維生素E酯、熊果酸、維生素C衍生物、輔酶Q10、蝦紅素、富勒烯、多酚類、α硫辛酸、大豆萃取物、支鏈澱粉、活性型異黃酮、糖類、多糖類、甘油、甘油衍生物等。抗皺成分亦可為該等組合物中之至少兩者之混合物。
作為維生素之例,可例舉:維生素B複合物;包含硫胺、菸鹼酸、生物素、泛酸、膽鹼、核黃素、維生素B6、維生素B12、吡哆醇、肌醇、肉鹼之例如維生素A棕櫚酸酯等維生素A、C、D、E、K及其等之衍生物;以及例如泛醇(原維生素B5)及泛醇三乙酸酯等原維生素;以及其等之混合物。
作為抗菌物質之例,可例舉:崔西桿菌素、紅黴素、新黴素、四環素、氯四環素、苄索氯銨、苯酚、及其等之混合物。
作為皮膚軟化劑及皮膚之保濕劑之例,可例舉:礦物油、羊毛脂、植物油、異硬脂酸異硬脂酯、月桂酸甘油酯、甲基葡萄糖10環氧乙烷、甲基葡萄糖20環氧乙烷、聚葡萄胺糖、及其等之混合物。
作為護髮素之例,不僅可例舉鯨蠟醇、硬脂醇、氫化聚癸烯、及其等之混合物之類的脂溶性化合物,還可例舉山萮醯胺丙基PG-二甲基氯化銨、氯化三鯨蠟基銨、氫化牛脂醯胺乙基羥基乙基銨甲基硫酸鹽、及其等之混合物等四級化合物。
作為防曬劑之例,可例舉:丁基甲氧基二苯甲醯甲烷、甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯、氧苯酮、奧克立林、水楊酸辛酯、苯基苯并咪唑磺酸、胺基苯甲酸乙基羥基丙酯、鄰胺苯甲酸䓝酯、胺基苯甲酸、辛諾賽、甲氧基肉桂酸二乙醇胺、胺基苯甲酸甘油酯、二氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧苯酮、帕地馬酯O、紅色凡士林、及其混合物。作為美黑劑之例,可例舉二羥基丙酮。
作為皮膚美白劑之例,可例舉:對苯二酚及其衍生物、鄰苯二酚及其衍生物、抗壞血酸及其衍生物、土耳其鞣酸及其衍生物、麴酸及其衍生物、傳明酸及其衍生物、間苯二酚衍生物、胎盤萃取物、熊果苷、油溶性甘草萃取物、以及其等之混合物。
作為消炎止痛藥之例,可例舉:乙醯胺酚、水楊酸甲酯、水楊酸單二醇酯、阿斯匹靈、甲芬那酸、氟芬那酸、吲哚美辛、雙氯芬酸、阿氯芬酸、雙氯芬酸鈉、布洛芬、酮基布洛芬、奈普生、普拉洛芬、非諾洛芬、舒林酸、芬氯芬酸、環氯茚酸、氟比洛芬、芬替酸、丁苯羥酸、匹洛西卡、苯基丁唑酮、羥布宗、氯非宗、潘他唑新、噻吡唑、及鹽酸噻拉米特。作為能夠與微針貼附劑10同時使用之類固醇性消炎止痛藥之例,可例舉:氫化可體松、潑尼松龍、地塞米松、曲安奈德、氟輕鬆、乙酸氫化可體松、乙酸潑尼松龍、甲基潑尼松龍、乙酸地塞米松、倍他米松、戊酸倍他米松、氟美松、氟米龍、及二丙酸倍氯米松。
作為抗組胺藥之例,可例舉:鹽酸苯海拉明、水楊酸苯海拉明、苯海拉明、鹽酸氯芬尼拉明、順丁烯二酸氯苯那敏、鹽酸氮普敏太定、鹽酸曲吡那敏、鹽酸普敏太定、及鹽酸甲地嗪。作為能夠與微針貼附劑10同時使用之局部麻醉劑之例,可例舉:鹽酸狄布卡因、狄布卡因、鹽酸利多卡因、利多卡因、苯唑卡因、對丁基胺基苯甲酸2-(二乙基胺基)乙酯鹽酸鹽、鹽酸普魯卡因、四卡因、鹽酸四卡因、鹽酸氯普魯卡因、鹽酸奧布卡因、甲哌卡因、鹽酸古柯鹼、鹽酸匹派魯卡因、達克羅寧、及鹽酸達克羅寧。
作為殺菌劑及消毒劑之例,可例舉:硫柳汞、苯酚、異丙基甲基苯酚、瑞香草酚、氯化苄烷銨、苄索氯銨、洛赫西定、普威隆碘、西吡氯銨、丁香酚、及溴化三甲基銨。作為能夠與微針貼附劑10同時使用之血管收縮藥之例,可例舉:硝酸萘甲唑啉、鹽酸四氫唑啉、鹽酸羥甲唑啉、鹽酸去氧腎上腺素、及鹽酸曲馬唑啉。作為能夠與微針貼附劑10同時使用之止血藥之例,可例舉:凝血酶、維生素K1、硫酸魚精蛋白、胺基己酸、傳明酸、卡巴克絡、卡巴克絡磺酸鈉、芸香苷、及橙皮苷。
作為化療藥之例,可例舉:磺胺、磺胺噻唑、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺米隆、磺胺異㗁唑、磺胺二甲異嘧啶、磺胺甲基噻唑、及硝糠腙。作為能夠與微針貼附劑10同時使用之抗生素之例,可例舉:盤尼西林、甲氧西林、苯唑西林、頭孢噻吩、頭孢噻啶、紅黴素、克林黴素、四環素、氯四環素、氧四環素、美他環素、氯黴素、卡那黴素、鏈黴素、慶大黴素、崔西桿菌素、及環絲胺酸。
作為抗病毒藥之例,可例舉:蛋白酶抑制劑、胸苷激酶抑制劑、糖或糖蛋白合成抑制劑、結構蛋白質合成抑制劑、附著及吸附抑制劑、以及例如阿昔洛韋、噴昔洛韋、伐昔洛韋、及更昔洛韋等核苷類似物。
作為長髮或生髮劑之例,可例舉:敏樂定、氯化卡普氯銨、十五酸甘油酯、乙酸維生素E酯、吡羅克酮乙醇胺、甘草酸、檜木醇、當藥萃取液、腦醯胺及前驅物、菸鹼醯胺及辣椒酊。
作為美容活性成分之例,可例舉:D-α-維生素E酯、DL-α-維生素E酯、D-α-乙酸維生素E酯、DL-α-乙酸維生素E酯、抗壞血酸棕櫚酸酯、維生素D、維生素D2、維生素D3、視黃醇、視黃醇酯、棕櫚酸視黃酯、丙酸視黃酯、β-胡蘿蔔素、輔酶Q10、D-泛醇、法呢醇、乙酸法呢酯;必需脂肪酸中較多包含之荷荷芭油及黑加侖油;5-正辛醯基水楊酸及其酯、水楊酸及其酯;例如檸檬酸、乳酸、乙醇酸等α-羥酸之烷基酯;積雪草酸、羥基積雪草酸、積雪草苷、雷公根之總萃取物、β-甘草次酸、α-甜沒藥醇、例如2-油醯基胺基-1,3-十八烷等腦醯胺;植烷三醇、聚不飽和必需脂肪酸中較多包含之起源於海洋之磷脂、乙氧喹;迷迭香之萃取物、香蜂草之萃取物、檞皮酮、乾燥微細藻類之萃取物、例如類固醇系消炎藥等消炎藥、以及例如荷爾蒙或脂肪及/或藉由蛋白質之合成所獲得之化合物之類的生物化學刺激劑。
維生素C促進膠原蛋白(結締組織)合成、脂質(脂肪)及碳水化合物之代謝、以及神經傳導物質之合成。又,維生素C可有助於免疫系統之最佳維持。維生素C對廣範圍之癌細胞、尤其是黑色素瘤有毒。催化變成黑色素及其他色素之酪胺酸之好氧性之活動的酪胺酸氧化酶亦因維生素C之存在而活動受到妨礙。發現維生素C對催化針對多種病毒及細菌之感染之免疫反應有效。除上述多種應用以外,維生素C係膠原蛋白合成及創傷治療所需者。微針貼附劑10可包含維生素C、維生素E、以及例如保濕劑、膠原蛋白合成促進劑、及磨砂洗面乳之類的其他成分之組合。
護膚劑成分可包含礦物油、凡士林、植物油(例如,大豆油或順丁烯二醯化大豆油等)、聚二甲基矽氧烷、二甲矽氧多元醇、陽離子性單體及聚合物(例如,瓜爾膠羥丙基氯化銨及二硬脂基二甲基氯化銨等)、以及其混合物。保濕劑例如亦可為山梨糖醇、甘油、丙二醇、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、己二醇、異戊二醇、木糖醇、果糖、及其混合物等多元醇。
美膚成分可包含茶萃取物(例如,唐津茶萃取物、嬉野茶萃取物、靜岡茶萃取物等)、酒糟萃取物(例如,純米大吟釀酒糟萃取物、大吟釀酒糟萃取物、純米吟釀酒糟萃取物、吟釀酒糟萃取物等)、柑橘類萃取物(例如,元寇柑橘萃取物、酢橘萃取物、溫州蜜柑萃取物等)、海藻萃取物(例如,海苔萃取物等)、及植物萃取物(例如,蘆筍萃取物等)、以及其混合物。
該等活性成分可單獨使用,亦可併用兩種以上。只要為藥學上可容許之鹽即可,當然亦可包含無機鹽或有機鹽之任一形態之活性成分。亦可將活性成分直接塗抹於皮膚,其後將下述微針陣列20貼在皮膚之相同部分。於該情形時,藉由將皮膚拉伸之效果及皮膚上之ODT(occlusive dressing technique,封閉敷料療法)效果,可促進活性成分對皮膚之滲透。
黏著劑層14之質量例如可為100 g/m
2以上,亦可為250 g/m
2以上。黏著劑層14之質量例如可為2000 g/m
2以下,亦可為1500 g/m
2以下。黏著劑層14之質量可為250~1500 g/m
2,於該情形時,可提高服貼感,並且更長時間維持附著性。藉由如上所述設定黏著劑層14之質量,可減小微針貼附劑10整體之厚度,結果,微針貼附劑10容易追隨皮膚,且不易剝離。
剝離片材16係在使用微針貼附劑10前保護黏著劑層14之片狀構件。
剝離片材16中,可遍及剝離片材之全長或全寬而形成弱化部16a。弱化部16a係為了使剝離片材16容易分割而設置。圖1之例中,弱化部16a雖為直線狀摺線,但弱化部16a之態樣並不限定於此。例如,弱化部16a可為薄壁,亦可為半切片,還可為其他形態。弱化部16a亦可呈波形或鋸齒形等。
作為剝離片材16,可使用:聚丙烯(例如,無延伸聚丙烯或延伸聚丙烯等)、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚乙烯、聚酯、聚胺酯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯等塑膠膜,亦可使用對合成樹脂、合成紙、或合成纖維進行矽加工而獲得之矽加工紙,還可使用將聚乙烯等層壓於鋁箔或牛皮紙而獲得之層壓加工紙等。剝離片材16可無色,亦可至少一部分著色。
微針陣列20係用於對皮膚進行穿刺或擠壓之器具。圖1之例示出一個微針陣列20,但亦可複數個微針陣列20嵌埋於黏著劑層14。於使用複數個微針陣列20之情形時,其等之形狀及尺寸可統一,亦可形狀及尺寸之至少一者相互不同。
於一例中,微針陣列20之至少一部分被黏著劑層14嵌埋。即,微針陣列20之至少一部分位於黏著劑層14內。例如,可各微針22之至少一部分位於黏著劑層14內。或者,亦可整個微針陣列20被黏著劑層14嵌埋,於該情形時,各微針22整體位於黏著劑層14內。
圖2係表示微針陣列20之一例之放大立體圖。於一例中,微針陣列20具備:基板21;及至少一個微針22,其設置於該基板21上。
作為微針陣列20(基板21及微針22)之材料,例如可使用:矽、二氧化矽、陶瓷、金屬(不鏽鋼、鈦、鎳、鉬、鉻、鈷等)、合成或天然樹脂原材料等。或者,考慮到微針22之抗原性及材料之單價,可使用:聚乳酸、聚甘胺酸交酯、聚乳酸-共-聚甘胺酸交酯、支鏈澱粉、己內酯、聚胺酯、聚酐等生物降解性聚合物,亦可使用作為非降解性聚合物之聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚醯胺、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、環狀烯烴共聚物、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、硬質氯乙烯、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯、聚四氟乙烯、四氟乙烯-乙烯共聚物、聚甲醛、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物等合成或天然樹脂原材料。或者,還可使用作為多糖類之玻尿酸、玻尿酸鈉、支鏈澱粉、葡聚糖、糊精或硫酸軟骨素、纖維素衍生物等。考慮到微針22在皮膚上發生彎折之可能性,可採用生物降解性樹脂,例如可使用聚乳酸。聚乳酸中存在聚L-乳酸、聚D-乳酸等聚乳酸均聚物、聚L/D-乳酸共聚物、及其等之混合物等,可使用其等中之任一者。聚乳酸之平均分子量越大,則其強度越強,例如可使用平均分子量為40000~100000之聚乳酸。基板21及微針22可由相同原材料製作,亦可由彼此不同之原材料製作。
基板21係用於支持微針22之基體。於本發明中,將微針22豎立之側之面稱作基板21之主面,將該主面之相反側稱作基板21之背面。圖1之例中,基板21之背面與支持體12之主面相接。基板21之尺寸可考慮黏著劑層14之尺寸而確定。圖1之例中,基板21之面積小於黏著劑層14之面積。於另一例中,基板21與黏著劑層14之面積可相同。或者,基板21之面積亦可大於黏著劑層14之面積,於該情形時,基板21之一部分露出。基板21之面積可為0.5 cm
2~300 cm
2,亦可為1 cm
2~100 cm
2,還可為1 cm
2~50 cm
2。或者,基板21之面積可為0.5 cm
2~10 cm
2、0.5 cm
2~5 cm
2、1 cm
2~5 cm
2、0.5 cm
2~3 cm
2、或1 cm
2~3 cm
2。亦可藉由將該基板21連接複數個而形成所需大小之基板。基板21之厚度之下限可為5 μm或20 μm,其厚度之上限可為1000 μm或300 μm。基板21之厚度相對於下述微針22之長度可為0.5~2.5倍。
微針22係自基板21之主面豎立之微小構造物。微針22呈現出自與基板21連接之底部朝向前端部變細之錐形。本說明書中之「微針」係不僅包括較廣含義上之針形狀之構造物、及包含針形狀之構造物,還包括前端不尖銳之形狀的概念。
微針22之密度之下限例如可為0.05根/cm
2、1根/cm
2、50根/cm
2、75根/cm
2、100根/cm
2、150根/cm
2、200根/cm
2、300根/cm
2、340根/cm
2、或400根/cm
2。另一方面,其密度之上限例如可為10000根/cm
2、5000根/cm
2、2000根/cm
2、1200根/cm
2、700根/cm
2、640根/cm
2、或340根/cm
2。密度之下限係根據能夠投予1 mg活性成分之微針之根數、及所需之面積換算所得之值。密度之上限係考慮到微針之形狀之極限值。於一例中,微針22之密度之下限及上限係考慮藉由微針22將皮膚拉伸,增加與皮膚相接之黏著劑層14之面積而設定。
微針22之長度可為150~1200 μm,亦可為200~1000 μm,還可為300~900 μm。微針22之長度係與基板21連接之底部至前端之距離。使微針22之長度為300 μm以上之原因在於確實地進行活性成分之經皮吸收。藉由使微針22之長度為900 μm以下,從而避免微針22與神經接觸,減少產生疼痛之可能性,並且可避免出血之可能性。若微針之長度為500 μm以下,則可高效率地投予應進入皮內之量之活性成分,例如亦可不穿透基底膜而投予活性成分。於一例中,微針22之長度係以通常使用時不貫通皮膚之角質層之方式選擇,但亦可一部分微針22貫通角質層。即,表皮被微針22拉伸而變薄,活性成分滲透至該容易滲透之表皮,亦可一部分活性成分自形成於角質之孔進入皮膚內。
圖2之例中,微針22為立體形狀。例如,微針22可為圓錐,亦可為四角錐等任意角錐。微針22亦可不為錐體,例如,可前端部平坦或帶弧度。平坦或帶弧度之前端部有時藉由刻意地進行加工而獲得,亦有時即便不進行此種加工,結果亦獲得。於前端部平坦之情形時,該平坦部之面積可為20~600 μm
2,亦可為50~250 μm
2。於前端部帶弧度之情形時,前端部之曲率半徑可為2~100 μm,亦可為5~30 μm。
作為具有立體形狀之微針22之微針陣列20之製造方法,可例舉:使用矽基板之濕式蝕刻加工或乾式蝕刻加工、使用金屬或樹脂之精密機械加工(放電加工、雷射加工、切割加工、加熱壓花加工、射出成型加工等)、及機械切削加工。利用該等加工法,基板21與微針22一體成型。作為使微針22中空之方法,可例舉在製作微針22後藉由雷射加工等進行二次加工之方法。
可微針22中包含活性成分,亦可包含活性成分之塗層形成於微針22之表面上。
微針22可為平面形狀。例如,微針22可為三角形,亦可為菱形等其他形狀。平面形狀之微針22可藉由如下方式形成,即,對基板21進行沖裁,形成微針22,使該微針22自基板21豎立。因此,基板21與微針22之厚度相同。若基板21為金屬,則於藥液中對該片材進行沖裁而形成複數根微針22,使該微針22立起,藉此可形成微針陣列20。若基板21為非金屬,則可利用雷射對該基板21進行沖裁而形成複數根微針22,與金屬片材之情形同樣地使該微針22立起。如上所述,於使用蝕刻之情形時,在各微針22之周圍產生空隙。
無論微針22為立體形狀或平面形狀,微針22之前端所朝向之方向(微針22之前端方向)均可與基板21之主面垂直,亦可為相對於該主面呈銳角之方向(即,微針22之傾斜角度大於0度且未達90度)。
其次,對微針貼附劑10之製造方法之一例進行說明。首先,使黏著劑組合物在剝離片材16上延展而形成黏著劑層14。繼而,以各微針22之至少一部分嵌埋於黏著劑層14內之方式,將微針陣列20配置於黏著劑層14上。繼而,以支持體12之主面與基板21之背面相接之方式,將支持體12載置於黏著劑層14及微針陣列20上。結果,黏著劑層14及微針22被支持體12及剝離片材16夾住。
微針貼附劑10可保管於包裝袋之內部。作為包裝袋之材質之例,可例舉鋁。利用此種保管方法,可抑制黏著劑層14之水含量下降,並且減少污物等附著於黏著劑層14。微針貼附劑10亦可以摺疊複數次之狀態保管於包裝袋內。於該情形時,節約微針貼附劑10之保管所需之空間,因此可減少用於包裝袋之材料。
施用於皮膚前之微針貼附劑10中,可整個微針22嵌埋於黏著劑層14內,亦可微針22之前端自黏著劑層14突出。參考圖3,對黏著劑層14與微針22之關係進行說明。圖3係模式性地表示自側方觀察之微針貼附劑10之圖。
黏著劑層14包含作為位於微針陣列20上之區域之主部14a。於微針陣列20配置於支持體12之主面之一部分之情形時,黏著劑層14除了包含主部14a以外,進而包含作為位於微針陣列20之外側之區域之周邊部14b。周邊部14b亦可謂不存在微針陣列20之區域。圖1及圖3中所示之黏著劑層14包含主部14a及周邊部14b。於複數個微針陣列20彼此分離地配置於支持體12上之情形時,周邊部14b之至少一部分可位於微針貼附劑10之內側。圖3之例中,周邊部14b之作用面相較於主部14a之作用面更凹陷,但黏著劑層14之作用面整體可平坦或大致平坦。
黏著劑層14與微針22之關係可由黏著劑層14之厚度及微針22之長度來表示。黏著劑層14之厚度係指沿著自支持體12之主面朝向黏著劑層14之作用面之方向的黏著劑層14之長度。黏著劑層14之厚度可為主部14a或周邊部14b之厚度。主部14a之厚度亦可謂基板21之主面至黏著劑層14之作用面之距離。周邊部14b之厚度亦可謂支持體12之主面至黏著劑層14之作用面之距離。於一例中,主部14a(周邊部14b)之厚度可以主部14a(周邊部14b)中之複數個測定點各處之各厚度之統計值的形式算出。該統計值亦可為平均值。
在將微針貼附劑10施用於皮膚前,主部14a之厚度Da相對於微針22之長度Ln可為0.9~1.3倍,亦可為0.9~1.2倍。該比未達1.0意指微針22之前端自黏著劑層14突出。該比大於1.0意指整個微針22嵌埋於黏著劑層14內。
於一例中,周邊部14b之厚度Db可小於微針陣列20之厚度Dm。微針陣列20之厚度係指基板21之背面至微針22之前端之距離。
圖4係模式性地表示施用於皮膚前後之微針貼附劑10之變化之圖。該圖中,需要注意的是,將「視作」施用於皮膚之微針貼附劑10表示為施用於皮膚之微針貼附劑10。將微針貼附劑10施用於皮膚後,黏著劑層14之水分揮發而黏著劑層14慢慢變薄,因此微針22之前端自黏著劑層14突出,或者於施用前突出之情形時,微針22之前端更突出。於本發明中,亦將自黏著劑層14突出之微針22之部分之長度Lp稱作「突出長度」。關於該突出長度,相較於微針貼附劑10施用於皮膚前,微針貼附劑10施用於該皮膚經過規定時間後之突出長度更長。於一例中,該規定時間可為選自1分鐘~8小時之間之時間,例如可為2小時、4小時、6小時、或8小時。例如,微針貼附劑10施用於皮膚經過8小時後之突出長度相較於微針貼附劑10施用於該皮膚前之突出長度,可長10 μm以上,亦可長20 μm以上,還可長28 μm以上。
圖5係模式性地表示微針貼附劑10施用於皮膚S之圖。如上所述,將微針貼附劑10施用於皮膚S後,微針22之前端自黏著劑層14突出,或者於施用前突出之情形時,微針22之前端更突出。皮膚S被突出之微針22拉伸,黏著劑層14進入該經拉伸之部分,因此皮膚S與黏著劑層14之接觸面積增加。結果,可提高經由皮膚S之活性成分之透過性。又,由於微針22不會自黏著劑層14過度突出,即,突出長度受到抑制,因此可維持黏著劑層14對皮膚S之充分之附著性。
以上,基於本發明之實施方式詳細地進行了說明。但是,本發明並不限定於上述例。可在不脫離本發明之主旨之範圍內進行各種變化。
上述例中,微針貼附劑10雖呈大致矩形,但微針貼附劑亦可具有其他形狀。例如,微針貼附劑可為正方形、圓形、橢圓形、新月形、彎玉形、其他多邊形等任意形狀。上述例中,微針陣列20之形狀雖為大致矩形,但微針陣列亦可具有其他形狀。例如,微針陣列可為正方形、圓形、橢圓形、新月形、其他多邊形等任意形狀。微針陣列之形狀與微針貼附劑之形狀可相同,亦可不同。
[附記]
根據上述各種例所理解,本發明包括以下所示之態樣。
(附記1)
一種微針貼附劑,其具備:
支持體;
黏著劑層,其設置於上述支持體之主面;及
微針陣列,其至少一部分位於上述黏著劑層內;且
上述黏著劑層包含水溶性高分子、甘油、及水;
上述水之含量相對於上述黏著劑層之總質量為45~70質量%;
上述微針陣列具備:基板;及至少一個微針,其自該基板之主面豎立;
上述黏著劑層包含位於上述微針陣列上之主部;
上述主部之厚度相對於上述微針之長度為0.9~1.3倍。
(附記2)
如附記1所記載之微針貼附劑,其中上述微針之長度為300~900 μm。
(附記3)
如附記1或2所記載之微針貼附劑,其中上述黏著劑層進而包含位於上述微針陣列之外側之周邊部。
(附記4)
如附記3所記載之微針貼附劑,其中上述周邊部之厚度小於上述微針陣列之厚度。
(附記5)
如附記1至4中任一項所記載之微針貼附劑,其中關於作為自上述黏著劑層突出之上述微針之部分之長度的突出長度,相較於上述微針貼附劑施用於皮膚前,上述微針貼附劑施用於該皮膚經過規定時間後之突出長度更長。
(附記6)
如附記5所記載之微針貼附劑,其中上述微針貼附劑施用於上述皮膚經過8小時後之上述突出長度相較於上述微針貼附劑施用於上述皮膚前之上述突出長度,長10 μm以上。
根據附記1,水之含量、及微針陣列上之黏著劑層之厚度與微針之長度之比分別設定為對應之上述數值範圍內。根據該構成,維持微針貼附劑對皮膚之附著性,並且藉由自黏著劑層突出之微針將該皮膚拉伸。結果,經拉伸之皮膚與黏著劑層之接觸面積增加,因此可高效率地進行活性成分之經皮投予。於另一態樣中,藉由自黏著劑層突出之微針與皮膚接觸,可提高施用中之微針貼附劑對皮膚之附著性。
根據附記2,微針之長度設定為上述數值範圍內。根據該構成,更確實地維持微針貼附劑對皮膚之附著性,並且藉由自黏著劑層突出之微針將該皮膚拉伸。結果,經拉伸之皮膚與黏著劑層之接觸面積增加,因此可高效率地進行活性成分之經皮投予。
根據附記3,黏著劑層亦位於微針陣列之外側,因此可更容易地控制微針貼附劑貼附於皮膚後之黏著劑層之減少之程度。例如,能夠更確實地抑制微針自黏著劑層過度突出之現象,維持黏著劑層對皮膚之充分附著性。
根據附記4,位於微針陣列之外側之黏著劑層之厚度受到限定,因此可使微針更確實地自黏著劑層突出,藉由該微針將皮膚更確實地拉伸。
根據附記5,隨著微針貼附劑施用於皮膚,微針之突出長度逐漸增加。因此,可將皮膚一點一點拉伸,並且增加皮膚與黏著劑層之接觸面積。
根據附記6,隨著微針貼附劑施用於皮膚,微針之突出長度在8小時期間逐漸增加。因此,在其施用時間期間,可將皮膚一點一點拉伸,並且增加皮膚與黏著劑層之接觸面積。
[實施例]
以下,對實施例具體地進行說明,但本發明並不限定於其等。
[黏著劑層之厚度(1)]
依據表1所示之組成(單位:質量%),製備實施例1之微針貼附劑之黏著劑組合物。使用該黏著劑組合物,利用上述所例示之製造方法,製作1個微針貼附劑。對於微針陣列,將長度為475 μm之微針以156根/cm
2之密度設置於厚度為700 μm且面積為1 cm
2之大致圓形之基板上。
[表1]
成分 | 實施例1 |
聚丙烯酸中和物 | 7.7 |
聚乙烯醇 | 4.1 |
羧甲基纖維素鈉 | 1.8 |
酒石酸 | 0.3 |
明礬 | 0.28 |
乙二胺四乙酸二鈉 | 0.2 |
異丙基甲基苯酚 | 0.1 |
其他 | 1.2 |
甘油 | 19.62 |
純化水 | 64.7 |
合計 | 100.00 |
其後,如下所示,對0小時、2小時、4小時、6小時、及8小時各時點算出微針之突出長度。
(1)第1步驟中,使用Panasonic Industrial Devices SUNX股份有限公司製造之作為雷射切割機之CO
2雷射標記器LP-420,將所製作之微針貼附劑以沿著微針陣列之厚度方向形成微針陣列之截面之方式進行切割。
(2)第2步驟中,使用基恩士股份有限公司製造之作為顯微鏡之VHX-2000,以100倍之倍率獲取該切割面之截面圖像。然後,基於該截面圖像,於黏著劑層之主部之9處測定厚度,求出該測定厚度之平均值作為0小時之時點時之主部之厚度。該厚度可謂為將微針貼附劑施用於皮膚前之厚度。
(3)第3步驟中,於環境溫度24±3℃及相對濕度50±10%RH之空間,將具有該切割面之微針貼附劑以靜止狀態放置2小時。
(4)第4步驟中,使用雷射切割機,將該微針貼附劑於存在微針陣列之部分,與第1步驟中之切割面並行地進行切割。
(5)第5步驟中,與第2步驟同樣地,基於新切割面之截面圖像,算出2小時之時點時之黏著劑層之主部之厚度。該厚度可謂為將微針貼附劑施用於皮膚後之厚度。
(6)第6步驟中,自微針之長度減去第5步驟中所獲得之厚度,求出2小時之時點時之突出長度。除此以外,算出黏著劑層之主部之厚度相對於微針之長度的比。
(7)第7步驟中,於4小時、6小時、及8小時分別實施第3~第6步驟,求出各時點時之突出長度及比。
表2表示藉由以上之處理所獲得之結果。「黏著劑層之厚度」係黏著劑層之主部之厚度。「厚度/長度比」係黏著劑層之主部之厚度相對於微針之長度的比。由於0小時之時點時黏著劑層之厚度大於微針之長度,因此突出長度為0 μm,厚度/長度比大於1。微針貼附劑之施用開始經過2小時後,微針自黏著劑層突出,厚度/長度比未達1。又,可知黏著劑層之厚度存在線性減少之傾向。線性回歸中之決定係數R
2為0.9521。
[表2]
實施例1 | |||
時間 | 黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 突出長度(μm) | 厚度/長度比 |
施用前(0小時) | 492 | 0 | 1.04 |
2小時後 | 420 | 55 | 0.88 |
4小時後 | 418 | 57 | 0.88 |
6小時後 | 338 | 137 | 0.71 |
8小時後 | 280 | 195 | 0.59 |
[黏著劑層之厚度(2)]
依據表3所示之組成(單位:質量%),製備實施例2~12及比較例1~3之各者之微針貼附劑之黏著劑組合物。使用該黏著劑組合物,利用上述所例示之製造方法,在各實施例及各比較例中製作3個微針貼附劑。對於微針陣列,將所選擇之長度之微針設置於厚度為700 μm且面積為1 cm
2之大致圓形之基板上。關於微針之密度,實施例5中為1180根/cm
2,實施例7、8中為316根/cm
2,其他實施例及比較例中為156根/cm
2。
[表3]
成分 | 比較例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3、5~12、比較例2、3 | 實施例4 |
聚丙烯酸中和物 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 |
聚乙烯醇 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
羧甲基纖維素鈉 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
酒石酸 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
明礬 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
乙二胺四乙酸二鈉 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
異丙基甲基苯酚 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
其他 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
甘油 | 46.65 | 41.65 | 34.65 | 16.65 |
純化水 | 40.0 | 45.0 | 52.0 | 70.0 |
合計 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
進而,依據表4所示之組成(單位:質量%),製備實施例12A、12B、12C、及12D之各者之微針貼附劑之黏著劑組合物。使用該黏著劑組合物,利用上述所例示之製造方法,在該等四個實施例中分別製作3個微針貼附劑。對於微針陣列,將長度為475 μm之微針設置於厚度為700 μm且面積為1 cm
2之大致圓形之基板上。該等四個實施例中,微針之密度為156根/cm
2。
[表4]
成分 | 實施例12A | 實施例12B | 實施例12C | 實施例12D |
聚丙烯酸中和物 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 11.5 | 6.5 |
聚乙烯醇 | 3.0 | 3.0 | - | 3.0 |
羧甲基纖維素鈉 | 2.0 | 2.0 | - | 2.0 |
酒石酸 | - | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
明礬 | 0.25 | - | 0.25 | 0.25 |
矽酸鋁鎂 | - | 0.25 | - | - |
乙二胺四乙酸二鈉 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
異丙基甲基苯酚 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
其他 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
甘油 | 34.65 | 34.65 | 34.65 | 34.65 |
純化水 | 52.3 | 52.0 | 52.0 | 52.0 |
合計 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
其後,針對表3及表4所示之各實施例及各比較例,如下所示算出0小時及8小時之各時點時之突出長度。
(1)第1步驟中,使用上述雷射切割機,將3個微針貼附劑分別以沿著微針陣列之厚度方向形成微針陣列之截面之方式進行切割。
(2)第2步驟中,使用上述顯微鏡,對3個微針貼附劑分別以100倍之倍率獲取切割面之截面圖像。繼而,對各微針貼附劑,基於該截面圖像,於黏著劑層之主部之9處測定厚度。然後,求出3個微針貼附劑之測定厚度之平均值作為0小時之時點時之主部之厚度即施用前之厚度。又,使用該厚度,算出厚度/長度比。進而,對各微針貼附劑,基於該截面圖像,於黏著劑層之周邊部之9處測定厚度。然後,求出3個微針貼附劑所測得之厚度之平均值作為0小時之時點時之周邊部之厚度。
(3)第3步驟中,於環境溫度24±3℃及相對濕度50±10%RH之空間,將具有該切割面之微針貼附劑以靜止狀態放置8小時。
(4)第4步驟中,使用雷射切割機,將3個微針貼附劑分別於存在微針陣列之部分,與第1步驟中之切割面並行地進行切割。
(5)第5步驟中,與第2步驟同樣地,基於新切割面之截面圖像,算出8小時之時點時之黏著劑層之主部之厚度。該厚度可謂為將微針貼附劑施用於皮膚後之厚度。
(6)第6步驟中,對於3個微針貼附劑,分別自微針之長度減去黏著劑層之厚度,算出8小時之時點時之突出長度。該計算中所使用之黏著劑層之厚度係欲計算突出長度之一個微針貼附劑中之9個測定厚度之平均值,而非第5步驟中以與第2步驟相同之方式求出之平均值。然後,求出所獲得之3個突出長度之平均值作為8小時之時點時之突出長度。又,對於第2步驟及第5步驟,分別根據該步驟中求出之黏著劑層之主部之厚度、及微針之長度,算出厚度/長度比。
表5表示藉由以上之處理所獲得之比較例1及實施例2~4之結果。「黏著劑層之厚度」及「厚度/長度比」之含義與表2相同。於水之含量為45~70質量%之情形時,在微針貼附劑之施用中微針自黏著劑層突出。
[表5]
比較例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3 | 實施例4 | ||
時間 | 純化水(質量%) | 40.0 | 45.0 | 52.0 | 70.0 |
微針之長度(μm) | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | |
黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 490 | 499 | 488 | 439 | |
0小時後 | 突出長度(μm) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 36 |
厚度/長度比 | 1.03 | 1.05 | 1.03 | 0.92 | |
黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 482 | 449 | 380 | 303 | |
8小時後 | 突出長度(μm) | 4 | 28 | 95 | 172 |
厚度/長度比 | 1.01 | 0.95 | 0.80 | 0.64 |
表6表示藉由上述處理所獲得之實施例5~8之結果。「黏著劑層之厚度」及「厚度/長度比」之含義與表2相同。於微針之長度為300~900 μm時,在微針貼附劑之施用中微針自黏著劑層突出,或者突出長度增加。
[表6]
實施例5 | 實施例6 | 實施例7 | 實施例8 | ||
時間 | 微針之長度(μm) | 300 | 475 | 700 | 900 |
0小時後 | 黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 301 | 460 | 666 | 834 |
突出長度(μm) | 8 | 15 | 34 | 66 | |
厚度/長度比 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.93 | |
8小時後 | 黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 235 | 368 | 533 | 703 |
突出長度(μm) | 65 | 107 | 167 | 197 | |
厚度/長度比 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.78 |
表7表示藉由上述處理所獲得之實施例3、6、9~12、12A、12B、12C、12D、及比較例2、3之結果。該表中,作為黏著劑層之厚度,示出主部及周邊部之各者之厚度。「厚度/長度比」之含義與表2相同。於黏著劑層之主部之厚度相對於微針之長度為0.9~1.3倍之情形時,在微針貼附劑之施用中微針自黏著劑層突出,或者突出長度增加。
[表7]
實施例6 | 實施例9 | 實施例10 | 實施例3 | 實施例11 | 實施例12 | 實施例12A | 實施例12B | 實施例12C | 實施例12D | 比較例2 | 比較例3 | |||||||
時間 | 微針之長度(μm) | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | |||||
0 小時後 | 黏著劑層之主部之厚度(μm) | 460 | 476 | 483 | 488 | 506 | 571 | 548 | 503 | 535 | 567 | 695 | 1030 | |||||
黏著劑層之周邊部之厚度(μm) | 451 | 377 | 544 | 922 | 1031 | 1359 | 1419 | 1452 | 1492 | 1336 | 1330 | 1880 | ||||||
突出長度(μm) | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
主部之厚度/長度比 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.20 | 1.15 | 1.06 | 1.13 | 1.19 | 1.46 | 2.17 | ||||||
8 小時後 | 黏著劑層之主部之厚度(μm) | 368 | 394 | 384 | 380 | 422 | 482 | 464 | 420 | 445 | 437 | 619 | 968 | |||||
突出長度(μm) | 107 | 81 | 91 | 95 | 62 | 34 | 11 | 55 | 31 | 38 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
主部之厚度/長度比 | 0.77 | 0.83 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.89 | 1.01 | 0.98 | 0.88 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 1.30 | 2.04 | ||||||
[探針黏性試驗]
依據表8所示之組成(單位:質量%),製備實施例13、14及比較例4、5之各者之微針貼附劑之黏著劑組合物。使用該黏著劑組合物,利用上述所例示之製造方法,在各實施例及各比較例中製作3個微針貼附劑。對於微針陣列,將長度為475 μm之微針以156根/cm
2之密度設置於厚度為700 μm且面積為1 cm
2之大致圓形之基板上。關於實施例14及比較例4、5,藉由將製造物於室溫下放置,使黏著劑層之水揮發,而使黏著劑層變薄,藉此,獲得實施例14及比較例4、5之各者之微針貼附劑。以探針黏性試驗時之黏著劑層之組成於實施例13、14及比較例4、5之間相同之方式,調整製造時之黏著劑層之組成。
表8中之「黏著劑層之厚度」及「厚度/長度比」之含義與表2相同。
[表8]
比較例4 | 比較例5 | 實施例13 | 實施例14 | ||||
成分 | 製造時 | 試驗時 | 製造時 | 試驗時 | 製造時 | 試驗時 | 製造及試驗時 |
聚丙烯酸中和物 | 7.0 | 9.4 | 7.7 | 9.4 | 8.5 | 9.4 | 9.4 |
聚乙烯醇 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
羧甲基纖維素鈉 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
酒石酸 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
明礬 | 0.26 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
乙二胺四乙酸二鈉 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
異丙基甲基苯酚 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
其他 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
甘油 | 18.24 | 24.15 | 19.62 | 24.15 | 21.59 | 24.15 | 24.15 |
純化水 | 67.4 | 56.5 | 64.7 | 56.5 | 61.0 | 56.5 | 56.5 |
合計 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
微針之長度(μm) | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 |
黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | - | 327 | - | 370 | - | 444 | 486 |
厚度/長度比 | - | 0.69 | - | 0.78 | - | 0.93 | 1.02 |
進而,依據表9所示之組成(單位:質量%),製備實施例13A之微針貼附劑之黏著劑組合物。使用該黏著劑組合物,利用上述所例示之製造方法,在實施例13A中亦製作3個微針貼附劑。對於微針陣列,將長度為475 μm之微針以156根/cm
2之密度設置於厚度為700 μm且面積為1 cm
2之大致圓形之基板上。
表9中之「黏著劑層之厚度」及「厚度/長度比」之含義與表2相同。
[表9]
成分 | 實施例13A |
聚丙烯酸中和物 | 9.4 |
聚乙烯醇 | 5.1 |
羧甲基纖維素鈉 | 2.2 |
酒石酸 | 0.4 |
矽酸鋁鎂 | 0.35 |
乙二胺四乙酸二鈉 | 0.3 |
異丙基甲基苯酚 | 0.1 |
其他 | 1.5 |
甘油 | 24.15 |
純化水 | 56.5 |
合計 | 100.00 |
微針之長度(μm) | 475 |
黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 431 |
厚度/長度比 | 0.91 |
使用Stable Micro System公司製造之作為質構分析儀之TA. XT plus,如下所示對實施例13、13A、14及比較例4、5分別測定黏著力。
(1)第1步驟中,將人類皮膚以表皮側為表面之方式固定於直徑10 mm之圓形探針之前端,該人類皮膚係使用皮刀以約500 μm之厚度摘除並切割成直徑10 mm之圓形而成。對3個試樣分別實施該作業。
(2)第2步驟中,以黏著劑層在上面之方式將微針貼附劑固定於質構分析儀之載台。以被探針固定之人類摘除皮膚與黏著劑層之主部相接之方式,調整載台上之微針貼附劑之位置。對3個試樣分別實施該作業。
(3)第3步驟中,使探針以0.2 mm/秒之速度下降而使人類皮膚與微針貼附劑接觸,施加5 g負載1秒。繼而,將探針以10 mm/秒之速度上提,對上提開始至探針離開黏著劑層為止之負載進行積分,測定黏著力(單位:g・秒)。該測定值可謂為黏著劑層之主部之黏著力。對3個試樣分別實施該測定,求出黏著力之平均值。
黏著力之平均值係如下所述,實施例13、13A、14較比較例4、5,附著性優異。
・比較例4:0.250 g・秒
・比較例5:0.492 g・秒
・實施例13:0.987 g・秒
・實施例13A:1.214 g・秒
・實施例14:0.975 g・秒
[微針之密度]
藉由與上述實施例3、5~12相同之組成,製備實施例15~17之各者之微針貼附劑之黏著劑組合物。使用該黏著劑組合物,利用上述所例示之製造方法,在各實施例中製作1個微針貼附劑。對於微針陣列,將長度為475 μm之微針以所選擇之密度設置於厚度為700 μm且面積為1 cm
2之大致圓形之基板上。
其後,對於各實施例,以與實施例3、5~12相同之方式算出0小時及8小時各時點時之突出長度。
表10表示實施例3、15~17之結果。「黏著劑層之厚度」及「厚度/長度比」之含義與表2相同。於任一情形時,在微針貼附劑之施用中微針均自黏著劑層突出。
[表10]
實施例15 | 實施例3 | 實施例16 | 實施例17 | ||
時間 | 微針之密度(根/cm 2) | 76 | 156 | 340 | 640 |
0小時後 | 黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 505 | 488 | 528 | 506 |
突出長度(μm) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
厚度/長度比 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.11 | 1.07 | |
8小時後 | 黏著劑層之厚度(μm) | 364 | 380 | 385 | 400 |
突出長度(μm) | 111 | 95 | 90 | 75 | |
厚度/長度比 | 0.77 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.84 |
[微針所引起之皮膚之拉伸]
依據表11所示之組成(單位:質量%),製備實施例18之微針貼附劑之黏著劑組合物。
[表11]
成分 | 實施例18 |
聚丙烯酸中和物 | 6.5 |
聚乙烯醇 | 3.0 |
羧甲基纖維素鈉 | 2.0 |
酒石酸 | 0.3 |
明礬 | 0.25 |
乙二胺四乙酸二鈉 | 0.2 |
異丙基甲基苯酚 | 0.1 |
其他 | 1.0 |
氧化鋯 | 1.0 |
甘油 | 15.65 |
純化水 | 70.0 |
合計 | 100.00 |
其後,如下所示,製作實施例18之微針貼附劑,算出0小時及8小時各時點時與黏著劑層相接之皮膚表面之長度。
(1)第1步驟中,為了進行利用X射線CT之拍攝,使用Eicoh股份有限公司製造之作為離子塗佈機之IB-3,於微針陣列之表面塗佈金。對於微針陣列,將長度為475 μm之微針以156根/cm
2之密度設置於厚度為700 μm且面積為1 cm
2之大致圓形之基板上。
(2)第2步驟中,為了進行利用X射線CT之拍攝,使用加入了作為造影劑之氧化鋯之上述黏著劑組合物,製作1個微針貼附劑。施用前之黏著劑層之主部之厚度為439 μm,故厚度/長度比為0.92。
(3)第3步驟中,以20 mm×20 mm之尺寸分別準備發泡苯乙烯及人類摘除皮膚。
(4)第4步驟中,將微針貼附劑貼在人類摘除皮膚之表皮側來準備試樣。
(5)第5步驟中,以人類摘除皮膚之表皮之相反側在下面之方式將試樣置於發泡苯乙烯,使用膠帶使試樣固定於發泡苯乙烯後,利用雅馬拓科學股份有限公司製造之作為X射線CT裝置之TDM1000H-II(2K)對試樣進行測定。獲取其測定結果作為0小時之時點時之結果。
(6)第6步驟中,於環境溫度24±3℃及相對濕度50±10%RH之空間,將第4步驟中所獲得之其他試樣以靜止狀態放置8小時。以與第5步驟相同之方式對該資料進行測定,獲取其測定結果作為8小時之時點時之結果。
(7)根據0小時之時點及8小時之時點之各自之測定結果,對以直線距離計為7 mm之區間內之皮膚表面之長度進行解析。對於各試樣,於不同之4個區間分別測定皮膚表面之長度,獲得該測定值之平均值作為最終長度。
進而,實施例18A、18B、18C中,調整與實施例18相同之黏著劑組合物、即表11所示之黏著劑組合物。然後,利用與實施例18相同之製造方法,製作實施例18A、18B、18C之微針貼附劑。實施例18、18A、18B、18C之間不同之參數係微針之密度、施用前之黏著劑層之主部之厚度、及厚度/長度比。與實施例18同樣地,對實施例18A、18B、18C亦算出0小時及8小時之各時點時與黏著劑層相接之皮膚表面之長度。
表12表示實施例18、18A、18B、18C之結果。該結果顯示,藉由將微針貼附劑施用於皮膚,從而該皮膚被拉伸,與皮膚相接之黏著劑層之面積增加。
[表12]
成分 | 實施例18A | 實施例18 | 實施例18B | 實施例18C |
微針之密度(根/cm 2) | 76 | 156 | 340 | 640 |
微針之長度(μm) | 475 | 475 | 475 | 475 |
黏著劑層之主部之厚度(μm) | 474 | 439 | 523 | 532 |
主部之厚度/長度比 | 1.00 | 0.92 | 1.10 | 1.12 |
(A)0小時之時點之皮膚表面之長度(mm) | 7.22 | 7.41 | 7.30 | 7.25 |
(B)8小時之時點之皮膚表面之長度(mm) | 7.83 | 8.11 | 8.00 | 7.65 |
經拉伸之皮膚之長度(B-A)(mm) | 0.61 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.40 |
10:微針貼附劑
12:支持體
14:黏著劑層
14a:黏著劑層之主部
14b:黏著劑層之周邊部
16:剝離片材
16a:弱化部
20:微針陣列
21:基板
22:微針
Da:主部之厚度
Db:周邊部之厚度
Dm:微針陣列之厚度
Ln:微針之長度
Lp:長度
S:皮膚
圖1係表示微針貼附劑之一例之立體圖。
圖2係表示微針陣列之一例之放大立體圖。
圖3係模式性地表示自側方觀察之微針貼附劑之圖。
圖4係模式性地表示施用於皮膚前後之微針貼附劑之變化之圖。
圖5係模式性地表示微針貼附劑施用於皮膚之圖。
10:微針貼附劑
12:支持體
14:黏著劑層
16:剝離片材
16a:弱化部
20:微針陣列
Claims (6)
- 一種微針貼附劑,其具備: 支持體; 黏著劑層,其設置於上述支持體之主面;及 微針陣列,其至少一部分位於上述黏著劑層內;且 上述黏著劑層包含水溶性高分子、甘油、及水; 上述水之含量相對於上述黏著劑層之總質量為45~70質量%; 上述微針陣列具備:基板;及至少一個微針,其自該基板之主面豎立; 上述黏著劑層包含位於上述微針陣列上之主部; 上述主部之厚度相對於上述微針之長度為0.9~1.3倍。
- 如請求項1之微針貼附劑,其中上述微針之長度為300~900 μm。
- 如請求項1或2之微針貼附劑,其中上述黏著劑層進而包含位於上述微針陣列之外側之周邊部。
- 如請求項3之微針貼附劑,其中上述周邊部之厚度小於上述微針陣列之厚度。
- 如請求項1或2之微針貼附劑,其中關於作為上述微針自上述黏著劑層突出之部分之長度的突出長度,相較於上述微針貼附劑施用於皮膚前,上述微針貼附劑施用於該皮膚經過規定時間後之突出長度更長。
- 如請求項5之微針貼附劑,其中上述微針貼附劑施用於上述皮膚經過8小時後之上述突出長度相較於上述微針貼附劑施用於上述皮膚前之上述突出長度,長10 μm以上。
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