TW202412624A - 除草化合物 - Google Patents
除草化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202412624A TW202412624A TW112125689A TW112125689A TW202412624A TW 202412624 A TW202412624 A TW 202412624A TW 112125689 A TW112125689 A TW 112125689A TW 112125689 A TW112125689 A TW 112125689A TW 202412624 A TW202412624 A TW 202412624A
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- group
- hydrogen
- compound
- halogenated
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- -1 cyano, aminocarbonyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004769 (C1-C4) alkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 10
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- VAIZTNZGPYBOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-(4-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenoxy)propanoate Chemical group C1=CC(OC(C)C(=O)OCCCC)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=N1 VAIZTNZGPYBOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REEQLXCGVXDJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlopyr Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl REEQLXCGVXDJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002415 trichloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZHZOGYUMMIAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifludimoxazin Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=S)N(C)C(=O)N1C(C(=C1)F)=CC2=C1OC(F)(F)C(=O)N2CC#C AZHZOGYUMMIAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003652 trifluoroethoxy group Chemical group FC(CO*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004565 water dispersible tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
揭露了可用作殺有害生物劑、尤其是用作除草劑的具有式 (I) 的化合物
Description
本發明關於除草活性異㗁唑啉衍生物,並且涉及用於製備此類衍生物之方法和中間體。本發明進一步延伸到包含此類衍生物的除草組成物,並且延伸到此類化合物和組成物在有用植物的作物中用於控制不希望的植物生長之用途:特別是用於控制雜草之用途。
無。
本發明係基於以下發現:如本文所定義的具有式 (I) 的異㗁唑啉衍生物展示了出人意料地良好的除草活性。因此,根據本發明,提供了一種具有式 (I) 的化合物或其農藝學上可接受的鹽:
(I)
其中
R
1選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C
1-C
6烷基;
R
2選自由以下組成之群組:C
1-C
6烷基、C
3-C
6烯基和C
3-C
6炔基;
R
3選自由以下組成之群組:氫、鹵素、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基、C
1-C
4烷氧基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷氧基和C
1-C
4烷基磺醯基;
R
4選自由以下組成之群組:氫、鹵素、氰基、胺基羰基、胺基硫代羰基、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基、C
1-C
4烷氧基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷氧基和C
1-C
4烷基磺醯基;
R
5和R
6各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、氰基、C
1-C
6烷基、C
1-C
6鹵代烷基、C
1-C
4烷基磺醯基、CO
2R
9、CONR
10R
11和CH
2OR
12;
R
7和R
8各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、氰基、C
1-C
6烷基、C
1-C
6鹵代烷基、C
1-C
4烷氧基、C
1-C
4烷基磺醯基、C(=Z)R
15、CO
2R
9、CONR
10R
11和CH
2OR
12;Z選自由以下組成之群組:氧、NOR
16和NN(R
16)
2;
R
9選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
10烷基、C
1-C
10鹵代烷基、C
3-C
6烯基、C
3-C
6鹵代烯基、C
3-C
6炔基、C
1-C
4烷氧基C
1-C
6烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷氧基C
1-C
6烷基、C
6-C
10芳基C
1-C
3烷基、被1至4個由R
13表示的基團取代的C
6-C
10芳基C
1-C
3烷基、雜芳基C
1-C
3烷基以及被1至3個由R
13表示的基團取代的雜芳基C
1-C
3烷基;
R
10選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
6烷基和SO
2R
14;
R
11選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C
1-C
6烷基;或者
R
10和R
11與它們所附接的氮一起形成3員至6員雜環基環,該雜環基環視需要含有氧原子;
R
12選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基、C
1-C
4烷基磺醯基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基磺醯基、苯基磺醯基(phenylsulphonyl)、被至2個由R
13表示的基團取代的苯基磺醯基(phenylsulfonyl);C
1-C
4烷基羰基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基羰基、C
6-C
10芳基羰基、被1-4個基團R
13取代的C
6-C
10芳基羰基、雜芳基羰基、被1至3個由R
13表示的基團取代的雜芳基羰基、C
6-C
10芳基C
1-C
3烷基羰基、被1至4個由R
13表示的基團取代的C
6-C
10芳基C
1-C
3烷基羰基、雜芳基C
1-C
3烷基羰基以及被1至3個由R
13表示的基團取代的雜芳基C
1-C
3烷基羰基;
每個R
13獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:鹵素、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基、C
1-C
4烷氧基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷氧基、氰基和C
1-C
4烷基磺醯基;
R
14選自由以下組成之群組:C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基和C
1-C
4烷基(C
1-C
4烷基)胺基;
R
15選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
4烷基和C
1-C
4鹵代烷基;
每個R
16獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基和C
1-C
4烷氧基羰基C
1-C
4烷基;
R
17選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
4烷基和C
1-C
4鹵代烷基。
根據本發明之第二方面,提供了一種農用化學組成物,其包含除草有效量的具有式 (I) 的化合物和農用化學上可接受的稀釋劑或載體。這樣一種農業組成物可以進一步包含至少一種另外的活性成分。
根據本發明之第三方面,提供了一種用於控制或預防不希望的植物生長之方法,其中將除草有效量的具有式 (I) 的化合物或包含這種化合物作為活性成分的組成物施用至該等植物、其部分或其場所。
根據本發明之第四方面,提供了具有式 (I) 的化合物作為除草劑之用途。
根據本發明之第五方面,提供了一種用於製備具有式 (I) 的化合物之方法。
如本文使用的,術語「鹵素(halogen或halo)」係指氟(fluorine,fluoro)、氯(chlorine,chloro)、溴(bromine,bromo)或碘(iodine,iodo),較佳的是氟、氯或溴。
如本文使用的,氰基意指-CN基團。
如本文使用的,羥基意指-OH基團。
如本文使用的,硝基意指-NO
2基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
6烷基」係指僅由碳原子和氫原子組成的直鏈的或支鏈的烴鏈基團,該烴鏈基團不含不飽和度、具有從一至六個碳原子、並且藉由單鍵附接至分子的其餘部分。C
1-C
4烷基和C
1-C
2烷基應相應地解釋。C
1-C
6烷基的實例包括但不限於甲基(Me)、乙基(Et)、正丙基、1-甲基乙基(異丙基)、正丁基和1-二甲基乙基(三級丁基)。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
6烷氧基」係指具有式-OR
a的基團,其中R
a係如上一般定義的C
1-C
6烷基。C
1-C
4烷氧基應相應地解釋。C
1-4烷氧基的實例包括但不限於甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基和三級丁氧基。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
6鹵代烷基」係指如上一般定義的C
1-C
6烷基基團,其被一個或多個相同或不同的鹵素原子取代。C
1-C
4鹵代烷基應相應地解釋。C
1-C
6鹵代烷基的實例包括但不限於氯甲基、氟甲基、氟乙基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基和2,2,2-三氟乙基。
如本文使用的,術語「C
2-C
6烯基」係指僅由碳原子和氫原子組成的直鏈或支鏈的烴鏈基團,該烴鏈基團含有至少一個可以具有 (
E)- 或 (
Z)-組態的雙鍵,具有從二至六個碳原子,藉由單鍵附接至分子的其餘部分。C
2-C
4烯基應相應地解釋。C
2-C
6烯基的實例包括但不限於丙-1-烯基、烯丙基(丙-2-烯基)和丁-1-烯基。
如本文使用的,術語「C
2-C
6鹵代烯基」係指被一個或多個相同的或不同的鹵素原子取代的如上一般定義的C
2-C
6烯基基團。C
2-C
6鹵代烯基的實例包括但不限於氯乙烯、氟乙烯、1,1-二氟乙烯、1,1-二氯乙烯和1,1,2-三氯乙烯。
如本文使用的,術語「C
2-C
6炔基」係指僅由碳原子和氫原子組成的直鏈或支鏈的烴鏈基團,該烴鏈基團包含至少一個三鍵,具有從二至六個碳原子,並且藉由單鍵附接至分子的其餘部分。C
2-C
4炔基應相應地解釋。C
2-C
6炔基的實例包括但不限於丙-1-炔基、炔丙基(丙-2-炔基)和丁-1-炔基。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
6鹵代烷氧基」係指被一個或多個相同的或不同的鹵素原子取代的如上所定義的C
1-C
6烷氧基基團。C
1-C
4鹵代烷氧基應相應地解釋。C
1-C
6鹵代烷氧基的實例包括但不限於氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氟乙氧基、三氟甲氧基和三氟乙氧基。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
3鹵代烷氧基C
1-C
3烷基」係指具有式R
b-O-R
a-的基團,其中R
b係如上一般定義的C
1-C
3鹵代烷基基團,並且R
a係如上一般定義的C
1-C
3伸烷基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
3烷氧基C
1-C
3烷基」係指具有式R
b-O-R
a-的基團,其中R
b係如上一般定義的C
1-C
3烷基基團,並且R
a係如上一般定義的C
1-C
3伸烷基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
3烷氧基C
1-C
3烷氧基-」係指具有式R
b-O-R
a-O-的基團,其中R
b係如上一般定義的C
1-C
3烷基基團,並且R
a係如上一般定義的C
1-C
3伸烷基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
3-C
6烯基氧基」係指具有式-OR
a的基團,其中R
a係如上一般定義的C
3-C
6烯基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
3-C
6炔基氧基」係指具有式-OR
a的基團,其中R
a係如上一般定義的C
3-C
6炔基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「羥基C
1-C
6烷基」係指被一個或多個羥基基團取代的如上一般定義的C
1-C
6烷基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
6烷基羰基」係指具有式-C(O)R
a的基團,其中R
a係如上一般定義的C
1-C
6烷基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
1-C
6烷氧基羰基」係指具有式-C(O)OR
a的基團,其中R
a係如上一般定義的C
1-C
6烷基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「胺基羰基」係指具有式-C(O)NH
2的基團。
如本文使用的,術語「胺基硫代羰基」係指具有式-C(S)NH
2的基團。
如本文使用的,術語「C
3-C
6環烷基」係指飽和或部分不飽和並且含有3至6個碳原子的穩定的單環基團。C
3-C
4環烷基應相應地解釋。C
3-C
6環烷基的實例包括但不限於環丙基、環丁基、環戊基和環己基。
如本文使用的,術語「C
3-C
6鹵代環烷基」係指被一個或多個相同的或不同的鹵素原子取代的如上一般定義的C
3-C
6環烷基基團。C
3-C
4鹵代環烷基應相應地解釋。
如本文使用的,術語「C
3-C
6環烷氧基」係指具有式-OR
a的基團,其中R
a係如上一般定義的C
3-C
6環烷基基團。
如本文使用的,術語「N-C
3-C
6環烷基胺基」係指具有式-NHR
a的基團,其中R
a係如上一般定義的C
3-C
6環烷基基團。
如本文使用的,除非另外明確說明,否則術語「雜芳基」係指包含1、2、3或4個單獨地選自氮、氧和硫的雜原子的5員或6員單環芳香族環。該雜芳基基團可以經碳原子或雜原子鍵合至分子的其餘部分。雜芳基的實例包括呋喃基、吡咯基、咪唑基、噻吩基、吡唑基、噻唑基、異噻唑基、㗁唑基、異㗁唑基、三唑基、四唑基、吡𠯤基、嗒𠯤基、嘧啶基或吡啶基。
如本文使用的,除非另外明確說明,術語「雜環基」或「雜環的」係指包含1、2或3個單獨地選自氮、氧和硫的雜原子的穩定的4員至6員非芳香族單環基團。該雜環基基團可以經由碳原子或雜原子鍵合至分子的其餘部分。雜環基的實例包括但不限於吡咯啉基、吡咯啶基、四氫呋喃基、四氫噻吩基、四氫噻喃基、哌啶基、哌𠯤基、四氫哌喃基、二氫異㗁唑基、二氧戊環基、𠰌啉基或δ-內醯胺基(δ-lactamyl)。
在具有式 (I) 的化合物中一個或多個可能的不對稱碳原子的存在意味著該化合物能以手性異構物形式存在,即鏡像異構物或非鏡像異構物的形式。作為圍繞單鍵的受限旋轉的結果,還可能存在阻轉異構物。式 (I) 旨在包括所有那些可能的異構物形式及其混合物。本發明包括具有式 (I) 的化合物的所有那些可能的異構物形式及其混合物。同樣地,式 (I) 旨在包括所有可能的互變異構物(包括內醯胺-內醯亞胺互變異構和酮-烯醇互變異構)(當存在時)。本發明包括具有式 (I) 的化合物的所有可能的互變異構物形式。類似地,在存在雙取代烯烴的情況下,該等能以
E或
Z形式或作為任何比例的二者的混合物而存在。本發明包括具有式 (I) 的化合物的所有該等可能的異構物形式及其混合物。
具有式 (I) 的化合物通常以農藝學上可接受的鹽、兩性離子或農藝學上可接受的兩性離子鹽的形式提供。本發明涵蓋所有此類農藝學上可接受的鹽、兩性離子及其全部比例的混合物。
本發明之合適的農藝學上可接受的鹽可以具有以下陽離子,該等陽離子包括但不限於金屬、胺的共軛酸和有機陽離子。合適的金屬的實例包括鋁、鈣、銫、銅、鋰、鎂、錳、鉀、鈉、鐵和鋅。合適的胺的實例包括烯丙胺、氨、戊胺、精胺酸、苯乙苄胺、苄星青黴素、丁烯基-2-胺、丁胺、丁基乙醇胺、環己胺、癸胺、二戊胺、二丁胺、二乙醇胺、二乙胺、二乙三胺、二庚胺、二己胺、二異戊胺、二異丙胺、二甲胺、二辛胺、二丙醇胺、二炔丙胺、二丙胺、十二胺、乙醇胺、乙胺、乙基丁胺、乙二胺、乙基庚胺、乙基辛胺、乙基丙醇胺、十七胺、庚胺、十六胺、己烯基-2-胺、己胺、己基庚胺、己基辛胺、組胺酸、吲哚啉、異戊胺、異丁醇胺、異丁胺、異丙醇胺、異丙胺、離胺酸、葡甲胺、甲氧基乙胺、甲胺、甲基丁胺、甲基乙胺、甲基己胺、甲基異丙胺、甲基壬胺、甲基十八胺、甲基十五胺、𠰌啉、N,N-二乙基乙醇胺、N-甲基哌𠯤、壬胺、十八胺、辛胺、油胺、十五胺、戊烯基-2-胺、苯氧基乙胺、甲基吡啶、哌𠯤、哌啶、丙醇胺、丙胺、丙二胺、吡啶、吡咯啶、二級丁胺、硬脂醯胺、牛脂胺、十四胺、三丁胺、三癸胺、三甲胺、三庚胺、三己胺、三異丁胺、三異癸胺、三異丙胺、三甲胺、三戊胺、三丙胺、三(羥甲基)胺基甲烷和十一胺。合適的有機陽離子的實例包括苄基三丁基銨、苄基三甲基銨、苄基三苯基鏻、膽鹼、四丁基銨、四丁基鏻、四乙基銨、四乙基鏻、四甲基銨、四甲基鏻、四丙基銨、四丙基鏻、三丁基鋶、三丁基氧化鋶、三乙基鋶、三乙基氧化鋶、三甲基鋶、三甲基氧化鋶、三丙基鋶和三丙基氧化鋶。
以下清單提供了關於根據本發明之具有式 (I) 的化合物的取代基Z、R
1、R
2、R
3、R
4、R
5、R
6、R
7、R
8、R
9、R
10、R
11、R
12、R
13、R
14、R
15、R
16和R
17的定義,包括較佳的定義。對於該等取代基中的任何一個,以下給出的任何定義都可以結合以下或在本文檔中的其他地方給出的任何其他取代基的任何定義。
較佳的是,R
1選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C
1-C
4烷基,更較佳的是氫和甲基,最較佳的是氫。
較佳的是R
2係C
1-C
4烷基、更較佳的是C
1-C
2烷基、最較佳的是甲基。
較佳的是,R
3選自由以下組成之群組:氫、氯和氟,更較佳的是氯和氟,並且還更較佳的是氟。
較佳的是,R
4選自由以下組成之群組:氫、氯、溴、氰基和胺基硫代羰基,更較佳的是氯、溴、氰基和胺基硫代羰基,還更較佳的是氯和溴,並且甚至更較佳的是氯。
較佳的是,R
5和R
6各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
4烷基、CO
2R
9和CH
2OR
12,更較佳的是氫和C
1-C
2烷基,最較佳的是氫。
較佳的是,R
7和R
8各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
6鹵代烷基、CO
2R
9、CONR
10R
11和CH
2OR
12。更較佳的是,R
7選自由以下組成之群組:CO
2R
9、CONR
10R
11和CH
2OR
12,最較佳的是CO
2R
9。更較佳的是,R
8選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C
1-C
4烷基,最較佳的是甲基。
較佳的是,R
9選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基、C
1-C
2烷氧基C
1-C
2烷基、苯基C
1-C
2烷基和被1至2個由R
13表示的基團取代的苯基C
1-C
2烷基,更較佳的是氫、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
2烷氧基C
1-C
2烷基和苯基C
1-C
2烷基,此外較佳的是氫、C
1-C
4烷基和苯基C
1-C
2烷基,還更較佳的是氫和C
1-C
2烷基,並且甚至更較佳的是,R
9係乙基。
較佳的是,R
10選自由氫和SO
2R
14組成之群組,更較佳的是SO
2R
14。
較佳的是,R
11係氫。
較佳的是,R
12選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C
1-C
2烷基、C
1-C
2烷基磺醯基、C
1-C
2鹵代烷基磺醯基、C
1-C
4烷基羰基、苯基羰基、被1至2個由R
13表示的基團取代的苯基羰基、苯基C
1-C
2烷基羰基以及被1至2個由R
13表示的基團取代的苯基C
1-C
2烷基羰基,更較佳的是C
1-C
2烷基磺醯基、C
1-C
2鹵代烷基磺醯基和C
1-C
4烷基羰基。
較佳的是,R
13選自由以下組成之群組:鹵素、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷基、C
1-C
4烷氧基、C
1-C
4鹵代烷氧基、氰基和C
1-C
4烷基磺醯基。
較佳的是,R
14選自由以下組成之群組:C
1-C
4烷基和C
1-C
4烷基(C
1-C
4烷基)胺基,更較佳的是甲基和異丙基(甲基)胺基。
較佳的是,R
17選自由以下組成之群組:C
1-C
2烷基和C
1-C
2鹵代烷基,更較佳的是鹵代甲基,最較佳的是三氟甲基。
一個亞組的較佳的化合物係以下化合物,在該等化合物中:
R
1選自氫或甲基;
R
2係C
1-C
2烷基;
R
3選自氫、氯和氟;
R
4選自氯、溴、氰基和胺基硫代羰基;
R
5和R
6各自獨立地選自氫和C
1-C
2烷基;
R
7選自CO
2R
9、CONR
10R
11和CH
2OR
12;
R
8選自氫和C
1-C
4烷基;
R
9選自氫、C
1-C
4烷基、C
1-C
2烷氧基C
1-C
2烷基和苯基C
1-C
2烷基;
R
10係SO
2R
14;
R
11係氫。
R
12選自C
1-C
2烷基磺醯基、C
1-C
2鹵代烷基磺醯基和C
1-C
4烷基羰基;
R
14選自甲基和異丙基(甲基)胺基;並且
R
17選自甲基和三氟甲基。
一個亞組的更較佳的化合物係以下化合物,在該等化合物中:
R
1係氫;
R
2係甲基;
R
3選自氯和氟;
R
4選自氯和溴;
R
5和R
6各自係氫;
R
7係CO
2R
9;
R
8係甲基;
R
9選自氫、C
1-C
4烷基和苯基C
1-C
2烷基;並且
R
17係三氟甲基。
一個亞組的甚至更較佳的化合物係以下化合物,在該等化合物中:
R
1係氫;
R
2係甲基;
R
3係氟;
R
4係氯;
R
5和R
6皆為氫;
R
7係CO
2R
9;
R
8係甲基;
R
9係乙基;並且
R
17係三氟甲基。
實例的表
此表揭露了具體的具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
1係氫、R
2係甲基、R
5和R
6係氫、R
8係甲基、R
17係三氟甲基。
化合物編號 | R 3 | R 4 | R 7 | 化合物編號 | R 3 | R 4 | R 7 |
1 | H | Cl | CO 2H | 25 | H | CN | CO 2H |
2 | H | Cl | CO 2Me | 26 | H | CN | CO 2Me |
3 | H | Cl | CO 2Et | 27 | H | CN | CO 2Et |
4 | H | Cl | CO 2CH 2Ph | 28 | H | CN | CO 2CH 2Ph |
5 | H | Br | CO 2H | 29 | F | CN | CO 2H |
6 | H | Br | CO 2Me | 30 | F | CN | CO 2Me |
7 | H | Br | CO 2Et | 31 | F | CN | CO 2Et |
8 | H | Br | CO 2CH 2Ph | 32 | F | CN | CO 2CH 2Ph |
9 | F | Cl | CO 2H | 33 | Cl | CN | CO 2H |
10 | F | Cl | CO 2Me | 34 | Cl | CN | CO 2Me |
11 | F | Cl | CO 2Et | 35 | Cl | CN | CO 2Et |
12 | F | Cl | CO 2CH 2Ph | 36 | Cl | CN | CO 2CH 2Ph |
13 | F | Br | CO 2H | 37 | H | CSNH 2 | CO 2H |
14 | F | Br | CO 2Me | 38 | H | CSNH 2 | CO 2Me |
15 | F | Br | CO 2Et | 39 | H | CSNH 2 | CO 2Et |
16 | F | Br | CO 2CH 2Ph | 40 | H | CSNH 2 | CO 2CH 2Ph |
17 | Cl | Cl | CO 2H | 41 | F | CSNH 2 | CO 2H |
18 | Cl | Cl | CO 2Me | 42 | F | CSNH 2 | CO 2Me |
19 | Cl | Cl | CO 2Et | 43 | F | CSNH 2 | CO 2Et |
20 | Cl | Cl | CO 2CH 2Ph | 44 | F | CSNH 2 | CO 2CH 2Ph |
21 | Cl | Br | CO 2H | 45 | Cl | CSNH 2 | CO 2H |
22 | Cl | Br | CO 2Me | 46 | Cl | CSNH 2 | CO 2Me |
23 | Cl | Br | CO 2Et | 47 | Cl | CSNH 2 | CO 2Et |
24 | Cl | Br | CO 2CH 2Ph | 48 | Cl | CSNH 2 | CO 2CH 2Ph |
其中,化合物11係最較佳的。
本發明之化合物可以藉由有機化學領域的技術人員已知的技術製備。下文描述了用於生產具有式 (I) 的化合物的通用方法。除非在本文中另外說明,否則取代基Z、R
1、R
2、R
3、R
4、R
5、R
6、R
7、R
8、R
9、R
10、R
11、R
12、R
13、R
14、R
15、R
16和R
17係如上文所定義的。用於製備本發明之化合物的起始材料可以購自通常的商品供應商或者可以藉由已知之方法製備。起始材料以及中間體可以在用於下一步驟之前,藉由先前技術之方法(如層析、結晶、蒸餾和過濾)進行純化。
可以從具有式 (A) 的化合物製備具有式 (I) 的化合物,如在反應流程1中所示。
反應流程 1
例如,具有式 (A) 的化合物可以在合適的溶劑如丙酮中用鹼如碳酸鉀和烷基化劑如甲基碘處理。可以由具有式 (B) 的化合物和具有式 (C) 的胺製備具有式 (A) 的化合物,如在反應流程2中所示。
反應流程 2
例如,具有式 (C) 的化合物可以在合適的溶劑(如乙酸)中用具有式 (B) 的㗁𠯤酮進行處理。可以由具有式 (D) 的硝基化合物製備具有式 (C) 的胺,如在反應流程3中所示。
反應流程 3
例如,具有式 (D) 的化合物可以在合適的溶劑(如水和乙醇的混合物)中用還原劑(如鐵和氯化銨)進行處理。可以由具有式 (E) 的肟和具有式 (F) 的烯烴製備具有式 (D) 的硝基化合物,如在反應流程4中所示。
反應流程 4
例如,具有式 (E) 的肟可以在合適的溶劑(如二甲基甲醯胺)中用N-氯代琥珀醯亞胺進行處理,並且所得中間體然後在鹼(如三乙胺)的存在下在合適的溶劑(如二氯甲烷)中用具有式 (F) 的烯烴進行處理。具有式 (F) 的烯烴係可獲得的或可以藉由文獻中眾所周知之方法製備。可以由具有式 (G) 的醛製備具有式 (E) 的肟,如在反應流程5中所示。
反應流程 5
例如,具有式 (G) 的醛可以在合適的溶劑(如水和乙醇的混合物)中用鹽酸羥胺進行處理。具有式 (G) 的醛係可獲得的或可以藉由文獻中已知之方法製備。具有式 (I-A) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係甲酸基團)可以由具有式 (I-B) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係CO
2R
9)製備,如在反應流程6中所示。
反應流程 6
例如,具有式 (I-B) 的化合物可以在合適的溶劑(如水和乙醇的混合物)中用氫氧化鈉進行處理。具有式 (I-C) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係羥甲基)可以由具有式 (I-A或I-B) 的化合物製備,如在反應流程7中所示。
反應流程 7
例如,具有式 (I-A) 或 (I-B) 的化合物可以在合適的溶劑(如四氫呋喃)中用合適的還原劑(例如金屬氫化物試劑,如硼氫化鈉或硼烷)進行處理。具有式 (I-D) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,R
7係CH
2OR
12)可以由具有式 (I-C) 的化合物製備,如在反應流程8中所示。
反應流程 8
例如,具有式 (I-C) 的化合物可以在鹼(如氫化鈉或三乙胺)的存在下在合適的溶劑(如四氫呋喃)中用試劑R
12-LG(其中LG係脫離基,如鹵素)(如烷基化劑、醯化劑或磺醯化劑)進行處理。具有式 (I-E) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係CONR
10R
11)可以由具有式 (I-A) 的化合物製備,如在反應流程9中所示。
反應流程 9
例如,具有式 (I-A) 的化合物可以在合適的溶劑(如二氯甲烷)中用鹵化試劑(如草醯氯)處理以形成醯鹵,該醯鹵可以在鹼(如三乙胺)的存在下在合適的溶劑(如二氯甲烷)中用試劑HNR
10R
11進行處理。具有式 (I-G) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係肟基團)可以由具有式 (I-F) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係酮基團)製備,如在反應流程10中所示。
反應流程 10
例如,具有式 (I-F) 的化合物可以視需要在鹼(如三乙胺)的存在下在合適的溶劑(如乙醇)中用羥胺H
2NOR
16或其鹽進行處理。具有式 (I-H) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係腙基團)可以由具有式 (I-F) 的化合物(其係具有式 (I) 的化合物,其中R
7係酮基團)製備,如在反應流程11中所示。
反應流程 11
例如,具有式 (I-F) 的化合物可以視需要在鹼(如三乙胺)的存在下在合適的溶劑(如乙醇)中用肼H
2NN(R
16)
2或其鹽進行處理。
熟悉該項技術者將認識到,經常可以改變進行以上所述之轉化的順序或以可替代的方式將它們組合以製備各種具有式 (I) 的化合物。單個反應中也可以組合多個步驟。預期所有此類變化在本發明之範圍之內。
技術人員還將意識到一些試劑將與如本文定義的取代基Z、R
1、R
2、R
3、R
4、R
5、R
6、R
7、R
8、R
9、R
10、R
11、R
12、R
13、R
14、R
15、R
16和R
17的某些值或組合不相容,並且任何附加的步驟,如保護和/或去保護步驟(實現所希望的轉化需要的)對於技術人員將是清楚的。
根據本發明之化合物可以按未經修飾的形式用作除草劑,但它們通常以多種方式使用配製佐劑(如載體、溶劑和表面活性物質)被配製成組成物。該等配製物可以處於不同的實體形式,例如,處於以下形式:撒粉劑、凝膠、可濕性粉劑、水可分散性顆粒劑、水可分散性片劑、發泡顆粒、可乳化的濃縮物、微可乳化濃縮物、水包油乳液、可流動油、水性分散體、油性分散體、懸乳液、膠囊懸浮液、可乳化的顆粒劑、可溶性液體、水可溶性濃縮物(以水或水混溶性有機溶劑作為載體)、浸漬的聚合物膜或處於已知的其他形式,例如從Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides[關於殺有害生物劑的FAO和WHO標準的發展和使用的手冊],聯合國,第1版,二次修訂(2010)中已知的。對於水溶性化合物,較佳的是可溶性液體、水溶性濃縮物或水溶性顆粒劑。此類配製物可以直接使用或者可以使用前稀釋再使用。可以用例如水、液體肥料、微量營養素、生物有機體、油或溶劑來進行稀釋。
可以藉由例如將活性成分與配製佐劑混合來製備該等配製物以便獲得處於精細分散固體、顆粒、溶液、分散體或乳液形式的組成物。該等活性成分還可以與其他佐劑(例如精細分散固體、礦物油、植物或動物來源的油、改性的植物或動物來源的油、有機溶劑、水、表面活性物質或其組合)來一起配製。
該等活性成分還可以被包含於非常精細的微膠囊中。微膠囊在多孔載體中含有活性成分。這使得活性成分能夠以受控的量釋放(例如,緩慢釋放)到環境中。微膠囊通常具有從0.1至500微米的直徑。它們包含的活性成分的量按重量計係膠囊重量的約從25%至95%。該等活性成分可以處於整體性的固體的形式、處於固體或液體分散體中的精細顆粒的形式或處於適合溶液的形式。包囊的膜可以包含例如天然的或合成的橡膠、纖維素、苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚醯胺、聚脲、聚胺酯或化學改性的聚合物以及澱粉黃原酸酯、或熟悉該項技術者已知的其他聚合物。可替代地,可以形成非常精細的微膠囊,其中活性成分在基礎物質的固體基質中是以精細分散顆粒的形式被包含的,但該等微膠囊本身未經包裹。
適合於製備根據本發明之組成物的配製佐劑本身係已知的。作為液體載體可以使用:水、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、植物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、環己酮、酸酐、乙腈、乙醯苯、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、碳酸丁烯酯、氯苯、環己烷、環己醇、乙酸烷基酯、二丙酮醇、1,2-二氯丙烷、二乙醇胺、對-二乙基苯、二甘醇、松脂酸二乙二醇酯、二甘醇丁基醚、二甘醇乙基醚、二甘醇甲醚、
N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、二甲基亞碸、1,4-二㗁𠮿、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲基醚、雙丙甘醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇、烷基吡咯啶酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸伸乙酯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2-庚酮、α-蒎烯、d-薴烯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁基醚、乙二醇甲基醚、γ-丁內酯、丙三醇、乙酸甘油酯、二乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸異戊基酯、乙酸異冰片基(isobornyl)酯、異辛烷、異佛耳酮、異丙苯、肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、亞異丙基丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基異戊基酮、甲基異丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、間二甲苯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八烷酸、辛胺乙酸酯、油酸、油胺、鄰二甲苯、苯酚、聚乙二醇、丙酸、乳酸丙酯、碳酸丙烯酯、丙二醇、丙二醇甲基醚、對-二甲苯、甲苯、磷酸三乙酯、三甘醇、二甲苯磺酸、石蠟、礦物油、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇甲基醚、二乙二醇甲基醚、甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇以及更高分子量的醇,例如戊醇、四氫呋喃醇、己醇、辛醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、
N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮等。
合適的固體載體係例如滑石、二氧化鈦、葉蠟石黏土、矽石、鎂鋁海泡石黏土、矽藻土、石灰石、碳酸鈣、膨潤土、鈣蒙脫土、棉籽殼、小麥粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、經研磨的胡桃殼、木質素和類似的物質。
許多表面活性物質可以有利地用在固體和液體配製物兩者中,尤其是在使用前可被載體稀釋的那些配製物中。表面活性物質可以是陰離子的、陽離子的、非離子的或聚合的並且它們可以用作乳化劑、濕潤劑或懸浮劑或用於其他目的。典型的表面活性物質包括例如烷基硫酸酯的鹽,如十二烷基硫酸二乙醇銨;烷基芳基磺酸酯的鹽,如十二烷基苯磺酸鈣;烷基酚/氧化烯加成產物,如乙氧基化壬基苯酚;醇/氧化烯加成產物,如乙氧基化十三烷醇;皂,如硬脂酸鈉;烷基萘磺酸酯的鹽,如二丁基萘磺酸鈉;磺基琥珀酸二烷基酯的鹽,如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸鈉;山梨糖醇酯,如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季胺,如氯化十二烷基三甲基銨;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;環氧乙烷和環氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;以及磷酸單烷基酯和二烷基酯的鹽;以及還有另外的物質,例如描述於:McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual [麥卡琴清潔劑和乳化劑年鑒],MC出版公司(MC Publishing Corp.),裡奇伍德,新澤西州(Ridgewood New Jersey)(1981)。
可以用於殺有害生物配製物的另外的佐劑包括結晶抑制劑、黏度調節劑、懸浮劑、染料、抗氧化劑、發泡劑、光吸收劑、混合助劑、消泡劑、錯合劑、中和或改變pH的物質和緩衝液、腐蝕抑制劑、香料、濕潤劑、吸收增強劑、微量營養素、塑化劑、助滑劑、潤滑劑、分散劑、增稠劑、防凍劑、殺微生物劑、以及液體和固體肥料。
根據本發明之組成物可以包括添加劑,該添加劑包括植物或動物來源的油、礦物油、此類油的烷基酯或此類油與油衍生物的混合物。在根據本發明之組成物中的油添加劑的量通常是基於該待施用的混合物的從0.01%到10%。例如,可以在噴霧混合物已經製備之後將該油添加劑以所希望的濃度添加到噴霧罐中。較佳的油添加劑包括礦物油或植物來源的油,例如菜籽油、橄欖油或葵花籽油;乳化的植物油;植物來源的油的烷基酯,例如甲基衍生物;或動物來源的油,如魚油或牛脂。較佳的油添加劑包括C
8-C
22脂肪酸的烷基酯,尤其是C
12-C
18脂肪酸的甲基衍生物,例如月桂酸、棕櫚酸以及油酸的甲基酯(分別為月桂酸甲酯、棕櫚酸甲酯和油酸甲酯)。許多油衍生物獲知於Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants[除草劑佐劑綱要],第10版,南伊利諾大學,2010。
除草組成物總體上包含按重量計從0.1%至99%、尤其是按重量計從0.1%至95%的具有式 (I) 的化合物和按重量計從1%至99.9%的配製佐劑,該配製佐劑較佳的是包括按重量計從0至25%的表面活性物質。本發明組成物總體上包括按重量計從0.1%至99%、尤其是按重量計從0.1%至95%的本發明之化合物以及按重量計從1%至99.9%的配製佐劑,該配製佐劑較佳的是包括按重量計從0至25%的表面活性物質。而商業產品可以較佳的是被配製為濃縮物,最終使用者將通常使用稀釋配製物。
施用比率在寬範圍之內變化並且取決於土壤的性質、施用方法、作物植物、待控制的有害生物、主要氣候條件、以及受施用方法、施用時間以及目標作物支配的其他因素。一般來講,可以將化合物以從1 l/ha至2000 l/ha、尤其是從10 l/ha到1000 l/ha的比率施用。
較佳的配製物可以具有以下組成(重量%):
可乳化的濃縮物:
活性成分: 1%至95%,較佳的是60%至90%
表面活性劑: 1%至30%,較佳的是5%至20%
液體載體: 1%至80%,較佳的是1%至35%
粉塵劑:
活性成分: 0.1%至10%,較佳的是0.1%至5%
固體載體: 99.9%至90%,較佳的是99.9%至99%
懸浮液濃縮物:
活性成分: 5%至75%,較佳的是10%至50%
水: 94%至24%,較佳的是88%至30%
表面活性劑: 1%至40%,較佳的是2%至30%
可濕性粉劑:
活性成分: 0.5%至90%,較佳的是1%至80%
表面活性劑: 0.5%至20%,較佳的是1%至15%
固體載體: 5%至95%,較佳的是15%至90%
顆粒劑:
活性成分: 0.1%至30%,較佳的是0.1%至15%
固體載體: 99.5%至70%,較佳的是97%至85%
本發明之組成物可以進一步包含至少一種另外的殺有害生物劑。例如,根據本發明之化合物也可以與其他除草劑或植物生長調節劑組合使用。在較佳的實施方式中,該另外的殺有害生物劑係除草劑和/或除草劑安全劑。
因此,具有式 (I) 的化合物可與一種或多種其他除草劑組合使用以提供各種除草混合物。該等除草混合物具有出人意料的優點,從更廣泛的意義上講,該等優點可以描述為協同活性。此類混合物的特定實例包括(其中「I」代表具有式 (I) 的化合物):I + 乙草胺;I + 三氟羧草醚(包括三氟羧草醚-鈉);I + 苯草醚;I + 甲草胺;I + 禾草滅;I + 草殺淨(ametryne);I + 胺唑草酮;I + 醯嘧磺隆;I + 環丙嘧啶酸;I + 氯胺基吡啶酸;I + 殺草強;I + 磺草靈;I + 草脫淨(atrazine);I + 苄嘧磺隆(包括苄嘧磺隆-甲基);I + 噻草平;I + 二環哌喃酮;I + 雙丙胺膦;I + 治草醚;I + 雙草醚-鈉;I + 二氯異㗁草酮(bixlozone);I + 除草定;I + 溴苯腈;I + 丁草胺;I + 氟丙嘧草酯;I + 唑草胺;I + 唑酮草酯(包括唑酮草酯-乙基);酯磺草胺酸(包括酯磺草胺酸-甲基);I + 氯嘧磺隆(包括氯嘧磺隆-乙基);I + 綠麥隆;I + 醚磺隆;I + 氯磺隆;I + 環庚草醚;I + 氯醯草膦(clacyfos);I + 烯草酮;I + 炔草酸(包括炔草酸-炔丙基);I + 異㗁草酮;I + 二氯吡啶酸;I + 環吡拉尼(cyclopyranil);I + 環吡瑞莫(cyclopyrimorate);I + 環丙嘧磺隆;I + 氰氟草酯(包括氰氟草酯-丁基);I + 2,4-D(包括其膽鹼鹽和2-乙基己酯);I + 2,4-DB;I + 殺草隆;I + 甜菜安;I + 麥草畏(包括其鋁、胺基丙基、雙-胺基丙基甲基、膽鹼、二氯丙、二甘醇胺、二甲胺、二甲基銨、鉀鹽和鈉鹽);I + 禾草靈;I + 雙氯磺草胺;I + 吡氟草胺;I + 野燕枯;I + 吡氟草胺;I + 氟吡草腙;I + 二甲草胺;I + 精二甲吩草胺;I + 敵草快二溴化物;I + 達有龍(diuron);I + 禾草畏;I + 丁氟消草;I + 乙氧呋草黃;I + 㗁唑禾草靈(包括精㗁唑禾草靈-乙基);I + 異㗁苯碸(fenoxasulfone);I + 芬奎三酮(fenquinotrione);I + 四唑醯草胺;I + 啶嘧磺隆;I + 雙氟磺草胺;I + 氯氟吡啶酯;I + 吡氟禾草靈(包括精吡氟禾草靈-丁基);I + 氟酮磺隆(包括氟酮磺隆-鈉);;I + 氟噻草胺;I + 氟節胺;I + 唑嘧磺草胺;I + 丙炔氟草胺;I + 氟啶嘧磺隆(包括氟啶嘧磺隆-甲基-鈉);;I + 氟草煙(包括氯氟吡氧乙酸(fluroxypyr-meptyl));;I + 氟噻甲草酯;I + 氟磺胺草醚;I + 甲醯胺磺隆;I + 草銨膦(包括其銨鹽);I + 草甘膦(包括其二銨、異丙基銨和鉀鹽);I + 氟氯吡啶酯(halauxifen)(包括氟氯吡啶酯-甲基);I + 氯吡嘧磺隆;I + 吡氟氯禾靈(包括吡氟氯禾靈-甲基);I + 環𠯤酮;I + 海當西定(hydantocidin);I + 甲氧咪草煙;I + 甲基咪草煙;I + 滅草煙;I + 滅草喹;I + 咪草煙;I + 三𠯤茚草胺(indaziflam);I + 碘甲磺隆(包括碘甲磺隆-甲基-鈉);I + 異歐芬磺隆(iofensulfuron);I + 異歐芬磺隆-鈉;I + 碘苯腈;I + 三唑醯草胺(ipfencarbazone);I + 異丙隆;I + 異惡醯草胺(isoxaben);I + 異㗁唑草酮;I + 乳氟禾草靈;I + 蘭科三酮(lancotrione);I + 理有龍(linuron);I + MCPA;I + MCPB;I + 高二甲四氯丙酸(mecoprop-P);I + 苯噻醯草胺;I + 甲基二磺隆;I + 甲基二磺隆-甲基;I + 甲基磺草酮;I + 苯𠯤草酮;I + 吡草胺;I + 異㗁噻草醚(methiozolin);I + 秀穀隆;I + 異丙甲草胺;I + 磺草唑胺;I + 甲氧隆;I + 𠯤草酮;I + 甲磺隆;I + 草達滅;I + 敵草胺;I + 煙嘧磺隆;I + 達草滅;I + 嘧苯胺磺隆;I + 丙炔㗁草酮;I + 㗁草酮;I + 環氧嘧磺隆;I + 乙氧氟草醚;I + 二氯化巴拉刈(paraquat);I + 二甲戊樂靈;I + 五氟磺草胺;I + 苯敵草;I + 毒莠定;I + 氟吡醯草胺;I + 唑啉草酯;I + 丙草胺;I + 氟嘧磺隆-甲基;I + 胺氟樂靈;I + 撲草淨;I + 毒草胺;I + 除草寧(propanil);I + 喔草酯;I + 苯胺靈;I + 丙𠯤嘧磺隆(propyrisulfuron)、I + 戊炔草胺;I + 苄草丹;I + 氟磺隆;I + 雙唑草腈;I + 吡草醚(包括吡草醚-乙基):I + 磺醯草吡唑;I + 吡唑特、I + 吡嘧磺隆;I + 嘧啶肟草醚;I + 噠草特;I + 環酯草醚;I + 嘧氟磺草胺(pyrimisulfan)、I + 嘧草硫醚;I + 吡咯磺隆(pyroxasulfone);I + 啶磺草胺;I + 二氯喹啉酸;I + 氯甲喹啉酸;I + 喹禾靈(包括精喹禾靈-乙基和喹禾糠酯(quizalofop-P-tefuryl));I + 碸嘧磺隆;I + 苯嘧磺草胺;I + 烯禾啶;I + 西瑪津;I +
S-異丙甲草胺;I + 磺草酮;I + 甲磺草胺;I + 磺醯磺隆;I + 得匍隆(tebuthiuron);I + 特呋三酮;I + 環磺酮;I + 特丁津;I + 特丁淨;I + 噻酮磺隆(thiencarbazone);I + 噻吩磺隆;I + 地芬納噻(tiafenacil);I + 托比利特(tolpyralate);I + 苯吡唑草酮;I + 三甲苯草酮;I + 氟酮磺草胺(triafamone);I + 野麥畏;I + 醚苯磺隆;I + 苯磺隆(包括苯磺隆-甲基);I + 綠草定;I + 三氟啶磺隆(包括三氟啶磺隆-鈉);I + 三氣草嗦(trifludimoxazin);I + 氟樂靈;I + 氟胺磺隆;I + 三氟甲磺隆;I + 4-羥基-1-甲氧基-5-甲基-3-[4-(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶基]咪唑啶-2-酮;I + 4-羥基-1,5-二甲基-3-[4-(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶基]咪唑啶-2-酮;I + 5-乙氧基-4-羥基-1-甲基-3-[4-(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶基]咪唑啶-2-酮;I + 4-羥基-1-甲基-3-[4-(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶基]咪唑啶-2-酮;I + 4-羥基-1,5-二甲基-3-[1-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)吡唑-3-基]咪唑啶-2-酮;I + (4R)1-(5-三級丁基異㗁唑-3-基)-4-乙氧基-5-羥基-3-甲基-咪唑啶-2-酮;I + 3-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]雙環[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮;I + 2-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-5-甲基-環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 2-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 2-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-5,5-二甲基-環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 6-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-2,2,4,4-四甲基-環己烷-1,3,5-三酮;I + 2-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-5-乙基-環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 2-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-4,4,6,6-四甲基-環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 2-[6-環丙基-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-5-甲基-環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 3-[6-環丙基-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]雙環[3.2.1]辛烷-2,4-二酮;I + 2-[6-環丙基-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-5,5-二甲基-環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 6-[6-環丙基-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-2,2,4,4-四甲基-環己烷-1,3,5-三酮;I + 2-[6-環丙基-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]環己烷-1,3-二酮;I + 4-[2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-6-甲基-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-2,2,6,6-四甲基-四氫哌喃-3,5-二酮和I + 4-[6-環丙基-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-側氧基-嗒𠯤-4-羰基]-2,2,6,6-四甲基-四氫哌喃-3,5-二酮。
較佳的具有協同活性的此類混合物的具體實例包括:I + s-異丙甲草胺;I + 草銨膦;I + L-草銨膦;I + 草甘膦;I + 甲基磺草酮;I + 二環哌喃酮;以及I + 𠯤草酮。
具有式 (I) 的化合物的混合配伍物還可以呈酯或鹽的形式,如例如在以下文獻中所提到的:The Pesticide Manual [殺有害生物劑手冊], 第十四版, British Crop Protection Council [英國作物保護委員會], 2006。
具有式 (I) 的化合物還可以在與其他農用化學品(如殺真菌劑、殺線蟲劑或殺昆蟲劑)的混合物中使用,該等農用化學品的實例在殺有害生物劑手冊中給出。
在每種組合中任何兩種成分的質量比被選擇為給予所希望的例如協同作用。具有式 (I) 的化合物與混合配伍物的混合比係從1 : 100至1000 : 1。本發明之任何兩種組分之間的較佳的質量比係從75 : 1至1 : 75、更較佳的是50 : 1至1.50、尤其25 : 1至1 : 25、有利地10 : 1至1 : 10、諸如5 : 1至1 : 5、例如1 : 3至3 : 1。混合比率被理解為包括,一方面係按質量計的比率,並且還有另一方面係莫耳比。
該等混合物可以有利地用於以上提到的該等配製物中(在這種情況下「活性成分」涉及具有式 (I) 的化合物與混合配伍物的對應混合物)。
本發明之具有式 (I) 的化合物也可以與除草劑安全劑組合。較佳的組合(其中「I」表示具有式 (I) 的化合物)包括:I + 解草𠯤,I + 解草酯(包括解草喹);I + 環丙磺醯胺;I + 二氯丙烯胺;I + 解草唑(包括解草唑乙酯);I + 解草啶;I + 氟草肟;I+ 解草惡唑、I + 雙苯㗁唑酸(包括雙苯㗁唑酸乙酯);I + 吡唑解草酸(包括吡唑解草酯);I + 美卡米芬(metcamifen);I + N-(2-甲氧基苯甲醯基)-4-[(甲基胺基羰基)胺基]苯磺醯胺和I + 解草腈。
特別較佳的是具有式 (I) 的化合物與環丙磺醯胺、雙苯㗁唑酸(包括雙苯㗁唑酸乙酯)、解草酯(包括解草喹)和/或N-(2-甲氧基苯甲醯基)-4-[(甲基-胺基羰基)胺基]苯磺醯胺的混合物。
具有式 (I) 的化合物的該等安全劑還可以處於酯或鹽的形式,例如像在《殺有害生物劑手冊》(第14版(BCPC),2006)中所提及的。提及解毒喹還適用於其鋰、鈉、鉀、鈣、鎂、鋁、鐵、銨、季銨、鋶或鏻鹽(如在WO 02/34048中揭露的),並且對解草唑-乙基的提及還適用於解草唑,等。
較佳的是,具有式 (I) 的化合物與安全劑的混合比係從100 : 1至1 : 10,尤其是從20 : 1至1 : 1。
該等混合物可有利地用於以上提到的配製物中(在這種情況下「活性成分」涉及具有式 (I) 的化合物與安全劑的對應混合物)。
本發明之具有式 (I) 的化合物作為除草劑係有用的。因此,本發明進一步包括用於控制不想要的植物之方法,包括向該植物或包含它們的場所施用有效量的本發明化合物或含有該化合物的除草組成物。「控制」意指殺死、減少或延遲生長或防止或減少發芽。通常有待控制的植物係不想要的植物(雜草)。「場所」意指植物在其中正生長或將生長的區域。
具有式 (I) 的化合物的施用比率可以在寬的限度內變化並且取決於土壤的性質、施用之方法(出苗前;出苗後;施用於種子溝;免耕法施用等)、作物植物、待控制的一種或多種雜草、主要氣候條件和其他受施用方法、施用時間和目標作物支配的因素。根據本發明之具有式 (I) 的化合物通常以從10 g/ha至2000 g/ha,尤其是從50 g/ha到1000 g/ha的比率施用。較佳的範圍為10-200 g/ha。
通常藉由噴灑該組成物進行施用,典型地是藉由用於大面積的裝在拖拉機上的噴灑機,但是還可以使用其他方法如撒粉(針對粉末)、滴加或浸灌。
可以使用根據本發明之組成物的有用植物包括作物如穀物,例如大麥和小麥、棉花、油菜籽油菜、向日葵、玉米、稻、大豆、甜菜、甘蔗以及草皮。
作物植物還可以包括樹,如果樹、棕櫚樹、椰子樹或其他堅果。還包括藤本植物(如葡萄)、灌木果樹、果實植物和蔬菜。
作物應被理解為還包括藉由常規的育種方法或藉由基因工程已經賦予對除草劑或多種類別的除草劑(例如ALS-抑制劑、GS-抑制劑、EPSPS-抑制劑、PPO-抑制劑、ACC酶-抑制劑和HPPD-抑制劑)的耐受性的那些作物。藉由常規的育種方法已經賦予對咪唑啉酮(例如,甲氧咪草煙)的耐受性的作物的實例係Clearfield®夏季油菜(卡諾拉(canola))。藉由基因工程方法已經賦予對除草劑的耐受性的作物的實例包括例如具有草甘膦和草銨膦抗性的玉米品種,該等玉米品種在RoundupReady®和LibertyLink®商標名下是可商購的。
農作物還應理解為藉由基因工程方法已經賦予其對有害昆蟲有抗性的那些農作物,例如Bt玉米(對歐洲玉米螟有抗性)、Bt棉花(對棉鈴象鼻蟲有抗性)和還有Bt馬鈴薯(對科羅拉多甲蟲有抗性)。Bt玉米的實例係NK®的Bt 176玉米雜交體(先正達種子公司(Syngenta Seeds))。Bt毒素係由蘇力菌(
Bacillus thuringiensis)土壤細菌天然形成的蛋白質。毒素或能夠合成此類毒素的轉基因植物的實例被描述在EP-A-451 878、EP-A-374 753、WO 93/07278、WO 95/34656、WO 03/052073和EP-A-427 529中。包含一個或多個編碼殺昆蟲抗性和表現一種或多種毒素的基因的轉基因植物的實例係KnockOut®(玉米)、Yield Gard®(玉米)、NuCOTIN33B®(棉花)、Bollgard®(棉花)、NewLeaf®(馬鈴薯)、NatureGard®和Protexcta®。植物作物或其種子材料均可以是抗除草劑的並且同時係抗昆蟲攝食的(「疊加的」轉基因結果)。例如,種子可以具有表現殺昆蟲的Cry3蛋白的能力,而同時對草甘膦係耐受的。
作物還應被理解為包括藉由常規育種方法或基因工程獲得並且含有所謂輸出性狀(例如改進的儲存穩定性、更高的營養價值以及改進的香味)的那些作物。
其他有用的植物包括例如在高爾夫球場、草地、公園以及路旁的或者商業上種植用於草地的草皮草,以及觀賞植物,如花卉或灌木。
本發明之化合物可以用於控制具有對於原紫質原氧化酶(PPO)抑制劑的耐受性的作物植物中的不希望的植被之方法中。此類植物可以例如藉由用編碼合適的原紫質原氧化酶的核酸轉化作物植物來獲得,所述核酸可以含有突變以便使其對於PPO抑制劑更具抗性。此類核酸和作物植物的實例揭露於WO 95/34659、WO 97/32011、WO 2007/024739、WO 2012/080975、WO 2013/189984、WO 2015/022636、WO 2015/022640、WO 2015/092706、WO 2016/099153、WO 2017/023778、WO 2017/039969、WO 2017/217793、WO 2017/217794、WO 2018/114759、WO 2019/117578、WO 2019/117579和WO 2019/118726中。因此,本發明還提供了一種用於控制在植物栽培場所中不希望的植被之方法,該方法包括以下步驟:a) 在所述場所提供包含至少一種核酸的植物,該核酸包含編碼原紫質原氧化酶(PPO)多肽的核苷酸序列,該多肽對PPO抑制除草劑具有抗性或耐受性;b) 向所述場所施用有效量的所述除草劑,其中該PPO抑制除草劑係如本文所定義的具有式 (I) 的化合物。
本發明之具有式 (I) 的化合物和組成物通常可以用於控制多種單子葉和雙子葉雜草物種。典型地可以被控制的單子葉物種的實例包括大穗看麥娘(
Alopecurus myosuroides)、野燕麥(
Avena fatua)、車前臂形草(
Brachiaria plantaginea)、旱雀麥(
Bromus tectorum)、油莎草(
Cyperus esculentus)、馬唐(
Digitaria sanguinalis)、稗草(
Echinochloa crus-galli)、多年生黑麥草(
Lolium perenne)、多花黑麥草(
Lolium multiflorum)、黍稷(
Panicum miliaceum )、一年生早熟禾( Poa annua )、狗尾草( Setaria viridis )、大狗尾草( Setaria faberi )和兩色蜀黍( Sorghum bicolor )。可以被控制的雙子葉物種的實例包括:苘麻、反枝莧、鬼針草、藜草、白苞猩猩草、豬殃殃、碗仔花、地膚、卷莖蓼、刺金午時花、新疆野生油菜、龍葵、繁縷、波斯婆婆納和蒼耳。不想要的植物應被理解為還包括藉由進化、藉由常規的育種方法或藉由基因工程已經賦予對除草劑或多種類別的除草劑(例如ALS-抑制劑、GS-抑制劑、EPSPS-抑制劑、PPO-抑制劑、ACC酶-抑制劑和HPPD-抑制劑)的耐受性的那些雜草。實例包括已經進化而具有對於草甘膦和/或乙醯乳酸合酶(ALS)抑制除草劑的抗性的長芒莧(Amaranthus palmeri)。
本發明之化合物可以用於控制具有對於原紫質原氧化酶(PPO)抑制劑的抗性的不想要的植物或雜草之方法中。例如,由於PPX2L中的胺基酸取代,如在胺基酸R128(也稱為R98)和G399處發生的取代,或者PPX2L中在密碼子210(Δ210)處的密碼子(甘胺酸)缺失,
長芒莧和
糙果莧種群已經進化為抗PPO雜草。本發明之化合物可以用於控制具有前面提及的密碼子處的突變或缺失的
長芒莧和/或
糙果莧之方法中,並且明顯的是嘗試用該等化合物控制具有可能出現的賦予對於PPO抑制劑的耐受性或抗性的其他突變的不想要的植物或雜草。
具有式 (I) 的化合物也可用於作物收穫前乾燥,例如但不限於馬鈴薯、大豆、向日葵和棉花。收穫前乾燥用於乾燥作物葉片,而不會對作物本身造成顯著損害,以幫助收穫。
本發明之化合物/組成物特別可用於非選擇性燃盡(burn-down)應用,並且因此也可用於控制自生自長(volunteer)或逃逸作物(escape crop)植物。
現在將藉由舉例更詳細地說明本發明之不同方面和實施方式。應當理解的是,在不偏離本發明範圍的情況下,可以對細節做出修改。
實施例
以下實施例用來說明但不限制本發明。
合成實施例 實施例 1 (5
S)-3-[2-
氯 -4- 氟 -5-[2- 甲氧基 -6- 側氧基 -4-( 三氟甲基 ) 嘧啶 -1- 基 ] 苯基 ]-5- 甲基 -4H- 異㗁唑 -5- 甲酸乙酯(化合物 11 , S - 鏡像異構物)的製備步驟1 (5
S)-3-[2-氯-5-[2,4-二側氧基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-3-基]-4-氟-苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯的合成
將2-(二甲胺基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1,3-㗁𠯤-6-酮(4.67 g,22 mmol)添加到(5
S)-3-(5-胺基-2-氯-4-氟-苯基)-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯(如在WO 2020/239607中所述製備,藉由手性層析法分離鏡像異構物;5.75 g,7.9 mmol)在乙酸(29 ml)中的攪拌溶液中。將所得混合物在90°C下加熱4小時、使其冷卻並在減壓下蒸發,以留下琥珀色膠狀物,將其藉由層析法純化以提供呈淡黃色泡沫的(5
S)-3-[2-氯-5-[2,4-二側氧基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-3-基]-4-氟-苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯(9.2 g)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl
3) δ 9.45 ( br s,1H), 7.7 (dd,1H), 7.35 (d,1H), 6.25 (s, 1H), 4.3 (m,2H), 4.1 (d,0.5H), 3.95 (d, 0.5H), 3.5 (d,0.5H), 3.35 (d,0.5H), 1.75 (2 x s,3H), 1.35 (2 x t,3H) ppm。
還使用相同方法製備的是:
(5
R)-3-[2-氯-5-[2,4-二側氧基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-3-基]-4-氟-苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯;
3-[2-氯-5-[2,4-二側氧基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-3-基]-4-氟-苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯。
步驟2 (5
S)-3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-[2-甲氧基-6-側氧基-4-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-1-基]苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯(化合物11,
S-鏡像異構物)的合成
向(5
S)-3-[2-氯-5-[2,4-二側氧基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-3-基]-4-氟-苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯(9.2 g,17.9 mmol)在丙酮(89 ml)中的溶液中添加碳酸鉀(3.0 g,21.4 mmol),然後添加碘甲烷(2.2 ml,35.7 mmol),並且將所得混合物在36°C下攪拌16小時。將混合物在減壓下蒸發,添加乙酸乙酯(90 ml),並將該混合物過濾。將濾液在減壓下蒸發,並將殘餘物藉由層析法純化以提供呈膠狀物的(5
S)-3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-[2-甲氧基-6-側氧基-4-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-1-基]苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯(化合物11,
S-鏡像異構物)(34 mg)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl
3) δ 7.65 (dd,1H), 7.4 (dd,1H), 6.6 (s, 1H), 4.3 (m,2H), 4.15 (d,0.5H), 4.0 (s,3H), 3.9 (d, 0.5H), 3.5 (d,0.5H), 3.3 (d,0.5H), 1.75 (2 x s,3H), 1.35 (2 x t,3H) ppm。
還使用相同方法製備的是:
(5
R)-3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-[2-甲氧基-6-側氧基-4-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-1-基]苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯(化合物11,
R-鏡像異構物);
3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-[2-甲氧基-6-側氧基-4-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-1-基]苯基]-5-甲基-4H-異㗁唑-5-甲酸乙酯(化合物11,外消旋物)。
配製物實例
可濕性粉劑 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 25% | 50% | 75% |
木質素磺酸鈉 | 5% | 5% | - |
月桂基硫酸鈉 | 3% | - | 5% |
二異丁基萘磺酸鈉 | - | 6% | 10% |
苯酚聚乙二醇醚 | - | 2% | - |
(7-8 mol的環氧乙烷) | |||
高度分散的矽酸 | 5% | 10% | 10% |
高嶺土 | 62% | 27% | - |
將該組合與該等佐劑充分混合並且將混合物在適當的研磨機中充分研磨,從而獲得了可以用水稀釋而給出所希望的濃度的懸浮液的可濕性粉劑。
可乳化濃縮物 | |
活性成分 | 10% |
辛基酚聚乙二醇醚 | 3% |
(4-5 mol的環氧乙烷) | |
十二烷基苯磺酸鈣 | 3% |
蓖麻油聚乙二醇醚(35 mol環氧乙烷) | 4% |
環己酮 | 30% |
二甲苯混合物 | 50% |
在植物保護中可以使用的具有任何所要求的稀釋的乳液可以藉由用水稀釋由這種濃縮物中獲得。
粉塵劑 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 5% | 6% | 4% |
滑石 | 95% | - | - |
高嶺土 | - | 94% | - |
礦物填料 | - | - | 96% |
藉由將該組合與載體混合並且將混合物在適當的研磨機中研磨而獲得即用型粉塵劑。
擠出機顆粒劑 | |
活性成分 | 15% |
木質素磺酸鈉 | 2% |
羧甲基纖維素 | 1% |
高嶺土 | 82% |
將該組合與該等佐劑混合並且研磨,並且將混合物用水濕潤。將混合物擠出並且然後在空氣流中乾燥。
包衣顆粒劑 | |
活性成分 | 8% |
聚乙二醇(分子量200) | 3% |
高嶺土 | 89% |
將這種精細研磨的組合在混合器中均勻地施用於用聚乙二醇濕潤的高嶺土中。以此方式獲得無塵的包衣顆粒劑。
懸浮液濃縮物
活性成分 | 40% |
丙二醇 | 10% |
壬基酚聚乙二醇醚(15 mol的環氧乙烷) | 6% |
木質素磺酸鈉 | 10% |
羧甲基纖維素 | 1% |
矽油(處於在水中75%的乳液的形式) | 1% |
水 | 32% |
將精細地研磨的組合與佐劑緊密地混合,得到懸浮液濃縮物,從該懸浮液濃縮物可以藉由用水稀釋獲得具有任何所希望的稀釋度的懸浮液。
緩釋的膠囊懸浮液
將28份的組合與2份的芳香族溶劑以及7份的甲苯二異氰酸酯/聚甲烯(polymethylene)-聚苯基異氰酸酯-混合物(8 : 1)進行混合。將此混合物在1.2份的聚乙烯醇、0.05份的消泡劑以及51.6份的水的混合物中進行乳化直至達到所希望的粒度。向此乳液中添加在5.3份的水中的2.8份的1,6-己二胺混合物。將混合物攪拌直至聚合反應完成。
獲得的膠囊懸浮液藉由添加0.25份的增稠劑和3份的分散劑進行穩定。該膠囊懸浮液配製物包含28%的活性成分。該介質膠囊的直徑係8-15微米。
將所得配製物作為在適合於此目的的裝置中的水性懸浮液施用至種子上。
生物學實施例 出苗前生物學功效
將雜草和/或作物的種子播種在罐中的標準土壤中。在溫室中的受控條件(在24°C/19°C下,白天/夜晚;16小時光照)下培養一天之後,用如下得到的水性噴霧溶液噴灑植物:將工業活性成分在少量丙酮和稱為IF50(11.12% Emulsogen EL360 TM + 44.44% N-甲基吡咯啶酮 + 44.44% Dowanol DPM乙二醇醚)的特殊溶劑和乳化劑混合物中配製,以產生50 g/l溶液,然後使用0.2% Genapol XO80作為稀釋劑將其稀釋以得到所需最終劑量的測試化合物。
該等測試植物然後在溫室中的受控條件(在24°C/18C下,白天/夜晚;15小時光照;50%濕度)下生長,並且每日澆水兩次。13天後,評估測試(100 = 對植物的完全損害;0 = 無植物損害)。結果在下表2中示出。
[ 表 2 ]
出苗後生物學功效
化合物 | 比率 (g/ha) | 種 | |||||
AMAPA | LOLPE | EPHHL | SETFA | ECHCG | IPOHE | ||
11 | 250 | 100 | 80 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 80 |
11( R-鏡像異構物) | 250 | 10 | 10 | 50 | 90 | 90 | 70 |
11(S-鏡像異構物) | 250 | 100 | 40 | 90 | 100 | 100 | 80 |
將雜草和/或作物的種子播種在罐中的標準土壤中。在溫室中的受控條件(在24°C/19°C下,白天/夜晚;16小時光照)下培養14天之後,用如下得到的水性噴霧溶液噴灑植物:將技術活性成分在少量丙酮和稱為IF50(11.12% Emulsogen EL360 TM + 44.44% N-甲基吡咯啶酮 + 44.44% Dowanol DPM乙二醇醚)的特殊溶劑和乳化劑混合物中配製,以產生50 g/l溶液,然後使用0.2% Genapol XO80作為稀釋劑將其稀釋以得到所需最終劑量的測試化合物。
該等測試植物然後在溫室中的受控條件(在24°C/18°C下,白天/夜晚;15小時光照;50%濕度)下生長,並且每日澆水兩次。13天後,評估測試(100 = 對植物的完全損害;0 = 無植物損害)。結果在下表3中示出。
[ 表 3 ]
化合物 | 比率 (g/ha) | 種 | ||||||||
AMAPA | CHEAL | EPHHL | IPOHE | ELEIN | LOLPE | DIGSA | SETFA | ECHCG | ||
11 | 250 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
11( R-鏡像異構物) | 250 | 100 | 100 | 90 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 80 | 100 |
11(S-鏡像異構物) | 250 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
無
無
無
Claims (15)
- 一種具有式 (I) 的化合物或其農藝學上可接受的鹽: (I) 其中 R 1選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C 1-C 6烷基; R 2選自由以下組成之群組:C 1-C 6烷基、C 3-C 6烯基和C 3-C 6炔基; R 3選自由以下組成之群組:氫、鹵素、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷氧基和C 1-C 4烷基磺醯基; R 4選自由以下組成之群組:氫、鹵素、氰基、胺基羰基、胺基硫代羰基、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷氧基和C 1-C 4烷基磺醯基; R 5和R 6各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6鹵代烷基、C 1-C 4烷基磺醯基、CO 2R 9、CONR 10R 11和CH 2OR 12; R 7和R 8各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、氰基、C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 6鹵代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基、C 1-C 4烷基磺醯基、C(=Z)R 15、CO 2R 9、CONR 10R 11和CH 2OR 12;Z選自由以下組成之群組:氧、NOR 16和NN(R 16) 2; R 9選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10鹵代烷基、C 3-C 6烯基、C 3-C 6鹵代烯基、C 3-C 6炔基、C 1-C 4烷氧基C 1-C 6烷基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷氧基C 1-C 6烷基、C 6-C 10芳基C 1-C 3烷基、被1至4個由R 13表示的基團取代的C 6-C 10芳基C 1-C 3烷基、雜芳基C 1-C 3烷基以及被1至3個由R 13表示的基團取代的雜芳基C 1-C 3烷基; R 10選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 6烷基和SO 2R 14; R 11選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C 1-C 6烷基;或者 R 10和R 11與它們所附接的氮一起形成3員至6員雜環基環,該雜環基環視需要含有氧原子; R 12選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基、C 1-C 4烷基磺醯基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基磺醯基、苯基磺醯基(phenylsulphonyl)、被1至2個由R 13表示的基團取代的苯基磺醯基(phenylsulfonyl);C 1-C 4烷基羰基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基羰基、C 6-C 10芳基羰基、被1-4個基團R 13取代的C 6-C 10芳基羰基、雜芳基羰基、被1至3個由R 13表示的基團取代的雜芳基羰基、C 6-C 10芳基C 1-C 3烷基羰基、被1至4個由R 13表示的基團取代的C 6-C 10芳基C 1-C 3烷基羰基、雜芳基C 1-C 3烷基羰基以及被1至3個由R 13表示的基團取代的雜芳基C 1-C 3烷基羰基; 每個R 13獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:鹵素、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基、C 1-C 4烷氧基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷氧基、氰基和C 1-C 4烷基磺醯基; R 14選自由以下組成之群組:C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基和C 1-C 4烷基(C 1-C 4烷基)胺基; R 15選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 4烷基和C 1-C 4鹵代烷基; 每個R 16獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 4鹵代烷基和C 1-C 4烷氧基羰基C 1-C 4烷基; R 17選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 4烷基和C 1-C 4鹵代烷基。
- 如請求項1所述之化合物,其中,R 1選自由以下組成之群組:氫。
- 如請求項1或請求項2所述之化合物,其中,R 2選自由以下組成之群組:C 1-C 4烷基。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中,R 3和R 4各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫和鹵素。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中,R 5和R 6各自獨立地是氫。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中,R 7和R 8各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 4烷基、CO 2R 9、CONR 10R 11和CH 2OR 12。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中,R 7選自由以下組成之群組:CO 2R 9。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中,R 8選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C 1-C 4烷基。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中,R 9選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C 1-C 2烷基。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中,R 17選自由以下組成之群組:C 1-C 2烷基和C 1-C 2鹵代烷基。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中, R 1選自由以下組成之群組:氫或甲基; R 2係C 1-C 2烷基; R 3選自由以下組成之群組:氫、氯和氟; R 4選自由以下組成之群組:氯、溴、氰基和胺基硫代羰基; R 5和R 6各自獨立地選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C 1-C 2烷基; R 7選自由以下組成之群組:CO 2R 9、CONR 10R 11和CH 2OR 12; R 8選自由以下組成之群組:氫和C 1-C 4烷基; R 9選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 4烷基、C 1-C 2烷氧基C 1-C 2烷基以及苯基C 1-C 2烷基; R 10係SO 2R 14; R 11係氫; R 12選自由以下組成之群組:C 1-C 2烷基磺醯基、C 1-C 2鹵代烷基磺醯基和C 1-C 4烷基羰基; R 14選自由以下組成之群組:甲基和異丙基(甲基)胺基;並且 R 17選自由以下組成之群組:甲基和三氟甲基。
- 如請求項1至2中任一項所述之化合物,其中, R 1係氫; R 2係甲基; R 3選自由以下組成之群組:氯和氟; R 4選自由以下組成之群組:氯和溴; R 5和R 6各自係氫; R 7係CO 2R 9; R 8係甲基; R 9選自由以下組成之群組:氫、C 1-C 4烷基和苯基C 1-C 2烷基;並且 R 17係三氟甲基。
- 一種農用化學組成物,其包含除草有效量的如請求項1至12中任一項中所定義的具有式 (I) 的化合物、以及農用化學上可接受的稀釋劑或載體。
- 一種控制或預防不希望的植物生長之方法,其中將除草有效量的如請求項1至12中任一項所定義的具有式 (I) 的化合物、或如請求項13所述之組成物施用至該等植物、其部分或其場所。
- 一種用於控制在植物栽培場所中不希望的植被之方法,該方法包括以下步驟:a) 在所述場所提供包含至少一種核酸的植物,該核酸包含編碼原紫質原氧化酶(PPO)多肽的核苷酸序列,該多肽對PPO抑制除草劑具有抗性或耐受性;b) 向所述場所施用有效量的所述除草劑,其中該PPO抑制除草劑係如請求項1至12中任一項所定義的具有式 (I) 的化合物。
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