TW202342455A - 可用於痛風的化合物 - Google Patents
可用於痛風的化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202342455A TW202342455A TW112115877A TW112115877A TW202342455A TW 202342455 A TW202342455 A TW 202342455A TW 112115877 A TW112115877 A TW 112115877A TW 112115877 A TW112115877 A TW 112115877A TW 202342455 A TW202342455 A TW 202342455A
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- Prior art keywords
- group
- alkyl
- substituted
- compound
- nitrile
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 201000001431 Hyperuricemia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229960002708 antigout preparations Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 81
- -1 nitrooxy, carboxyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical class C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005194 alkoxycarbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical group O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005196 alkyl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001893 nitrooxy group Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003161 (C1-C6) alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006649 (C2-C20) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCN(C=2N=CC=CC=2)CC1 XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003235 pyrrolidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical class C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003572 thiolanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 abstract description 15
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011552 rat model Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 21
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 18
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 12
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 12
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012453 sprague-dawley rat model Methods 0.000 description 8
- TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 TWBYWOBDOCUKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 108010093894 Xanthine oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102100033220 Xanthine oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 1-[2-[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PIVMHSHSPPOYTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC1=CC=C2N(C(C)C)C=C(C#N)C2=C1 Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2N(C(C)C)C=C(C#N)C2=C1 PIVMHSHSPPOYTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940126142 compound 16 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229960005101 febuxostat Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BQSJTQLCZDPROO-UHFFFAOYSA-N febuxostat Chemical compound C1=C(C#N)C(OCC(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NC(C)=C(C(O)=O)S1 BQSJTQLCZDPROO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)NC2=C1NC=N2 LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 1-[(3s,4s)-4-[8-(2-chloro-4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)-7-fluoro-2-methylimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-3-fluoropiperidin-1-yl]-2-hydroxyethanone Chemical compound CC1=NC2=CN=C3C=C(F)C(C=4C(=CC(OC=5N=CC=CN=5)=CC=4)Cl)=CC3=C2N1[C@H]1CCN(C(=O)CO)C[C@@H]1F WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YVRGKFXJZCTTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroethyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC(C)Cl YVRGKFXJZCTTRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQXUPNKLZNSUMC-YUQWMIPFSA-N CCN(CCCCCOCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1C[C@H](O)C[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)c1ccc(cc1)-c1scnc1C)C(C)(C)C)CCOc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)c1c(sc2cc(O)ccc12)-c1ccc(O)cc1 Chemical compound CCN(CCCCCOCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1C[C@H](O)C[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)c1ccc(cc1)-c1scnc1C)C(C)(C)C)CCOc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)c1c(sc2cc(O)ccc12)-c1ccc(O)cc1 BQXUPNKLZNSUMC-YUQWMIPFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAPCTXZQXAVYNG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium 2,6-dihydroxytriazinecarboxylate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 IAPCTXZQXAVYNG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 229950000193 oteracil Drugs 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- ZALHPSXXQIPKTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-2,6-Dimethyl-octan Natural products CCC(C)CCCC(C)C ZALHPSXXQIPKTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamyl alcohol Chemical compound OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001399 1,2,3-triazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 2
- VEFLKXRACNJHOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibromopropane Chemical compound BrCCCBr VEFLKXRACNJHOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVKUCNQGESRUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxyethyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO JVKUCNQGESRUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCLFSYYUWPUWQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(chloromethyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound CC=1OC(=O)OC=1CCl QCLFSYYUWPUWQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBOGSWRRYABFKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl nitrate Chemical compound OCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O FBOGSWRRYABFKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001304 Solutol HS 15 Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypoxanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
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- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
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Abstract
本發明記載一類可用於痛風的化合物,它為通式(I)所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,它能夠降低高尿酸血症大鼠模型的血清尿酸水平,在抗痛風藥物、抗高尿酸血症藥物等方面具有潛在的應用價值。
Description
本發明屬於藥物化學領域,具體涉及一類可用於痛風的化合物。
痛風是由於體內尿酸生成增多,和(或)尿酸排泄減少而致的血尿酸(serum uric acid,sUA)水平升高,形成單鈉尿酸鹽結晶沉積在關節及周圍組織和腎臟中,從而引起自身炎症反應和關節形態學改變的一種代謝性疾病。痛風是成年男性中最普遍的一種炎性關節病,並且在發達國家其患病率呈上升趨勢,已成為威脅人類健康的嚴重代謝性疾病。
目前全球有超過5500萬的痛風患者,高尿酸血症患者遠遠高於二億人。近二十多年來,隨著人們生活水平提升,飲食結構的改變,高嘌呤食品的過量攝入,高尿酸血症和痛風患者人數大量增加,痛風市場呈現出大幅增長的趨勢。有數據顯示,2018年全球痛風藥市場156.5億,預計2025年可達361.5億。痛風往往與多種疾病如高血壓、肥胖、心血管疾病、糖尿病和慢性腎臟疾病等有關,這些合併疾病會讓痛風的治療更為複雜,並增加過早死亡風險(Khanna D, Fitzgerald JD, Khanna PP, et al. American College of Rheumatology Guidelines for Management of Gout. Part 1: Systematic Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Therapeutic Approaches to Hyperuricemia[J]. Arthritis Care & Research, 2012, 64(10): 1432-1446)。重症痛風病人可能出現關節殘疾和腎功能不全,嚴重影響患者的生活品質和生命健康。
黃嘌呤氧化酶(XO)是藥物治療高尿酸血症和痛風的重要靶點,催化次黃嘌呤和黃嘌呤分別氧化生成黃嘌呤和尿酸,通過抑制XO能減少尿酸的合成,進而降低血清中尿酸的濃度。隨著黃嘌呤氧化酶晶體結構的解析、電腦輔助藥物設計和高通量篩選等技術的運用,近年湧現了許多XO抑制劑,專利CN102574839A揭露了一類作為黃嘌呤氧化酶抑制劑的新化合物,其中候選化合物LC350189正在開發中,處於2期臨床階段,2期臨床研究也證明了其降低sUA的充分療效。但目前獲批上市的只有3種藥物(別嘌呤醇、非布司他和托比司他),臨床期的在研藥物仍存在療效或安全性方面的問題。
前藥策略是一種有效的藥物設計方法,通過將已知有生物活性而又存在某些缺點的藥物分子經過修飾改造,加上前體基團,形成可以在體內被酶或化學反應激活的化學物質。前藥通常沒有生理活性,或者活性極低,但可以被酶解或經非酶解轉化為具有生理活性的藥物。與原藥相比,前藥不僅保持或增強了原藥的藥效,又克服了原藥的缺點,提高其臨床療效。前藥可用來增加藥物的溶解性,提高生物利用度,改善傳遞特性及藥物動力學特性等。目前,在全球上市場藥品中有將近10%屬於前藥,僅在2008年約有30%的小分子藥物是前藥。例如,血管緊張素轉換酶抑制劑依那普利、貝那普利和雷米普利等在體內水解生成相應的二羧酸代謝物,從而發揮降壓作用;部分他汀類降脂藥洛伐他汀和辛伐他汀等為具有環狀結構的前藥,其發生開環反應後才具有羥甲基戊二酸單醯輔酶A還原酶抑制活性;質子泵抑制劑如奧美拉唑、蘭索拉唑和艾美拉唑等,均需在胃的酸性環境中才能被激活;抗組胺藥氯雷他定在體內脫甲酸乙酯基生成活性代謝物地氯雷他定。此外,很多新的前藥也正在研發之中。但是在實際研發中,前藥類化合物依然存在失去活性或活性差、設計出的前藥化合物與設計目標效果不對應等大量問題。
本發明的目的是一種具有黃嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性的化合物。
本發明的另一目的是提供上述化合物在醫藥領域的用途。
本發明的目的可以通過以下措施達到:
通式(I)所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,
(I)
其中,R為C
1-6烷基、取代的C
1-6烷基、C
3-6環烷基、取代的C
3-6環烷基、C
3-6雜環烷基或取代的C
3-6雜環烷基;其中R所涉及的各基團中的取代基選自氘、腈基、硝基、鹵素、C
1-6烷基、C
1-6烷氧基、C
3-6環烷基或C
3-6雜環烷基中的一種或多種;
Ar為取代或非取代的以下基團:
,Ar基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、鹵素、C
1-4烷基或C
1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種;
Y為O或NR
3,
R
1為連接鍵或者取代或非取代的C
1-6亞烷基或者取代或非取代的C
2-12亞烯基,R
1基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C
1-4烷基或C
1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種;
R
2為氫、硝基氧基、羧基或者取代或非取代的下述基團:二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基、C
4-12稠雜芳環基、C
4-16稠雜芳環基吡唑基羰基氧基、C
4-16稠雜芳環基吡啶基羰基氧基、C
4-16稠雜芳環基三氮唑基羰基氧基、C
2-6酯基、吡啶基、苯基、C
1-6烷氧基、C
2-20烯基、C
2-20炔基、C
2-8烷基羰基氧基或C
2-8烷氧基羰基氧基,R
2基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C
1-4烷基、鹵代C
1-4烷基、硝基氧基取代的C
1-4烷基或C
1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種;且R
2基團中的C
4-16稠雜芳環基中不含有吲唑基;
R
3為氫或C
1-6烷基。
在一種實施例中,Ar為取代或非取代的以下基團:
,其中「*」為與C=O的連接位點。
在一種實施例中,化合物選自通式(II)、(III)或(IV)所示的化合物,
。
在一種實施例中,Y為O或NH。
在一種實施例中,R為C
3-6烷基、取代的C
1-6烷基、C
3-6環烷基、取代的C
3-6環烷基、C
3-6雜環烷基或取代的C
3-6雜環烷基;其中R所涉及的各基團中的取代基選自氘、腈基、硝基、鹵素、C
1-5烷基、C
1-5烷氧基或C
3-6環烷基中的一種或多種。
在一種實施例中,R為C
3-6烷基、取代的C
1-6烷基、C
3-6環烷基、取代的C
3-6環烷基、四氫呋喃、取代的四氫呋喃、四氫噻吩、取代的四氫噻吩、四氫吡咯或取代的四氫吡咯;其中R所涉及的各基團中的取代基選自氘、腈基、硝基、鹵素、C
1-5烷基、C
1-5烷氧基或C
3-6環烷基中的一種或多種。
在一種實施例中,R為C
3-6烷基、取代的C
1-3烷基、C
3-6環烷基或者取代的C
3-6環烷基,R基團中的取代基選自氘、鹵素或C
3-6環烷基。
在一種實施例中,R為C
3-6烷基或者C
3-6環烷基。
在一種實施例中,R為正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、環丙基、環丁基或環戊基。
在一實施例中,R
1為連接鍵或者取代或非取代的C
1-4亞烷基或者取代或非取代的C
2-12亞烯基,R
1基團中的取代基選自氘、胺基、腈基、鹵素或C
1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種。
在一種實施例中,R
2為氫、硝基氧基、羧基或者取代或非取代的下述基團:二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基、吲唑基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、吲哚基、苯並呋喃基、嘌呤基、喹啉基吡唑基羰基氧基、異喹啉基吡唑基羰基氧基、吲哚基吡唑基羰基氧基、苯並呋喃基吡唑基羰基氧基、嘌呤基吡唑基羰基氧基、喹啉基吡啶基羰基氧基、異喹啉基吡啶基羰基氧基、吲哚基吡啶基羰基氧基、苯並呋喃基吡啶基羰基氧基、嘌呤基吡啶基羰基氧基、喹啉基三氮唑基羰基氧基、異喹啉基三氮唑基羰基氧基、吲哚基三氮唑基羰基氧基、苯並呋喃基三氮唑基羰基氧基、嘌呤基三氮唑基羰基氧基、C
2-6酯基、吡啶基、苯基、C
1-6烷氧基、C
6-20烯基、C
6-20炔基、C
2-8烷基羰基氧基或C
2-8烷氧基羰基氧基,R
2基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C
1-4烷基、鹵代C
1-4烷基、硝基氧基取代的C
1-4烷基或C
1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種。
在一種實施例中,R
2為氫、硝基氧基、羧基或者取代或非取代的下述基團:二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基、吲哚基吡唑基羰基氧基、吲哚基吡啶基羰基氧基、吲哚基三氮唑基羰基氧基、C
2-6酯基、吡啶基、苯基、C
1-6烷氧基、C
6-20烯基、C
2-8烷基羰基氧基或C
2-8烷氧基羰基氧基,R
2基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C
1-4烷基、鹵代C
1-4烷基、硝基氧基取代的C
1-4烷基或C
1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種。
在一種實施例中,R
2為氫、硝基氧基、羧基或者取代或非取代的下述基團:二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基、吲哚基吡唑基羰基氧基、吲哚基吡啶基羰基氧基、C
2-4酯基、苯基、C
1-4烷氧基、C
6-14烯基、C
2-8烷基羰基氧基或C
2-8烷氧基羰基氧基,R
2基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C
1-4烷基、硝基氧基取代的C
1-4烷基或C
1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種。
在一種實施例中,本發明的化合物選自:
。
本發明還包括一種藥物組合物,它以本申請中所涉及的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽為活性物質,輔以藥學上可接受的輔料。
本發明的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽可以應用在製備黃嘌呤氧化酶抑制劑藥物方面,特別是應用在製備抗痛風藥物或抗高尿酸血症藥物方面。
本發明中所指出的各基團,如無其他明確限定,均具有以下含義:
「H」,即氫,是指氕(1H),它是氫元素的主要穩定同位素。
「D」,或「氘」,是指氫的一種穩定形態同位素,也被稱為重氫,其元素符號為D。
「鹵素」,是指氟原子、氯原子、溴原子或碘原子。
「羥基」,是指-OH基團。
「胺基」,是指-NH
2基團。
「烷基」,是指含有1-10個碳原子的飽和的脂烴基,包括直鏈和支鏈基團(本說明書中提到的數字範圍,例如「1-10」,是指該基團,此時為烷基,可以含1個碳原子、2個碳原子、3個碳原子等,直至包括10個碳原子)。含1-4個碳原子的烷基稱為低級烷基。當低級烷基沒有取代基時,稱其為未取代的低級烷基。烷基可以選用C
1-6烷基、C
1-5烷基、C
1-4烷基、C
1-3烷基、C
1-2烷基、C
2-3烷基、C
2-4烷基等。具體的烷基包括但不限於甲基、乙基、丙基、2-丙基、正丁基、異丁基或叔丁基等。烷基可以是取代的或未取代的。
「烯基」,是指含有2-30個碳原子的具有一個或多個「C=C 」的烴基,包括直鏈和支鏈基團(本說明書中提到的數字範圍,例如「2-10 」,是指該基團,此時為烯基,可以含2個碳原子、3個碳原子等,直至包括10個碳原子)。烯基可以選用C
2-20烯基、C
2-18烯基、C
2-16烯基、C
2-14烯基、C
2-12烯基、C
4-14烯基、C
4-12烯基等。具體的烯基包括但不限於乙烯基、丙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、異丁烯基、叔丁烯基、
等。
「烷氧基 」表示-O-(未取代的烷基)和-O-(未取代的環烷基)基團,其進一步表示-O-(未取代的烷基)。其中的烷基可以選用C
1-6烷基、C
1-5烷基、C
1-4烷基、C
1-3烷基、C
1-2烷基、C
2-3烷基、C
2-4烷基等。代表性實施例包括但不限於甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、環丙氧基等。
「二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基」為
基團。
「吡唑基」,是指
中的任意一種。
「三氮唑基」,包括1,2,3-三氮唑基,其中「1,2,3-三氮唑基」,是指
。
「稠雜芳環基」,是指含有兩個或多個稠和環以及雜原子的芳香基團,包括但不限於吲唑基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、吲哚基、苯並呋喃基、嘌呤基、吖啶基等。
「羧基」,是指-COOH基團。
「酯基」,是指「-C(=O)-O-烷基 」基團,其中的烷基可以選用C
1-6烷基、C
1-5烷基、C
1-4烷基、C
1-3烷基、C
1-2烷基、C
2-3烷基、C
2-4烷基等。代表性實施例包括但不限於甲酸甲酯基、甲酸乙酯基、甲酸正丙酯基、甲酸異丙酯基等。取代的酯基是指酯基中的氫被一個取代基所取代,或者酯基中的多個氫分別被相同或不同的取代基所取代。
「雜環烷基」,是指含有3-10個環原子的飽和的環狀基團,它的環原子中含有一個或多個選自N、O、S的雜原子。本說明書中提到的數字範圍,例如「3-6」,是指此時為雜環烷基的該基團,可以含3個碳原子、4個碳原子、5個碳原子等,直至包括6個碳原子作為環原子。雜環烷基可以選用C
3-8雜環烷基、C
3-6雜環烷基、C
3-5雜環烷基、C
3-4雜環烷基、C
3-9雜環烷基、C
4-6雜環烷基等。具體的烷基包括但不限於四氫呋喃、四氫吡咯、四氫噻吩、1,4-二氧六環、氧代螺[3,3]庚烷基、氧代螺[4,4]壬烷基、氧代螺[5,5]十一烷基、氧代螺[6,6]十三烷基、氧代二環[1,1,1]戊烷基、氧代二環[2,2,2]辛烷基、氧代二環[3,2,1]辛烷基、氮代螺[3,3]庚烷基、氮代螺[4,4]壬烷基、氮代螺[5,5]十一烷基、氮代螺[6,6]十三烷基、氮代二環[1,1,1]戊烷基、氮代二環[2,2,2]辛烷基或氮代二環[3,2,1]辛烷基等。雜環烷基可以是取代的或未取代的。
「C
4-16稠雜芳環基吡唑基羰基氧基」,是指含有4-16個碳原子的-O-C(=O)-吡唑基-稠雜芳環基基團,一種具體的例子包括吲哚基吡唑基羰基氧基
。
「C
2-8烷氧基羰基氧基」,是指含有2-8個碳原子的-O-C(=O)-O-烷基基團。
「C
4-16稠雜芳環基吡啶基羰基氧基」,是指含有4-16個碳原子的-O-C(=O)-吡啶基-稠雜芳環基基團,一種具體的例子包括吲哚基吡啶基羰基氧基
。
「C
4-16稠雜芳環基三氮唑基羰基氧基」,是指含有4-16個碳原子的-O-C(=O)-三氮唑基-稠雜芳環基基團,一種具體的例子包括吲哚基三氮唑基羰基氧基
。
「連接鍵」,是指其兩端的基團直接通過共價鍵相連。以基團片段Y-R
1-R
2為例,當R
1為連接鍵時,該基團片段即為Y-R
2。
「硝基氧基」,是指-ONO
2基團。
「藥學上可接受的鹽」是包含通式(I)的化合物與有機酸或無機酸形成的鹽,表示保留母體化合物的生物有效性和性質的那些鹽。這類鹽包括但不限於:
(1)與酸成鹽,通過母體化合物的游離鹼與無機酸或有機酸的反應而得,無機酸例如(但不限於)鹽酸、氫溴酸、硝酸、磷酸、偏磷酸、硫酸、亞硫酸和高氯酸等,有機酸例如(但不限於)乙酸、丙酸、丙烯酸、草酸、(D)或(L)蘋果酸、富馬酸、馬來酸、羥基苯甲酸、γ-羥基丁酸、甲氧基苯甲酸、鄰苯二甲酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、萘-1-磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、水楊酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、乳酸、扁桃酸、琥珀酸或丙二酸等。
(2)存在於母體化合物中的酸性質子被金屬離子代替或者與有機鹼配位化合所生成的鹽,金屬離子例如鹼金屬離子、鹼土金屬離子或鋁離子,有機鹼例如乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、氨丁三醇、N-甲基葡糖胺等。
「藥用組合物」指的是在此描述的一種或多種化合物或者它們的藥學上可接受的鹽和前藥與其它的化學成分,例如藥學上可接受的載體和賦形劑的混合物。藥用組合物的目的是促進化合物對生物體的給藥。
本發明進一步要求保護包括上面所述的任一化合物、其藥學上可接受的鹽或其易水解的前藥與其它藥用活性成分的藥物組合物。
本發明也包括上述任一化合物、其藥學上可接受的鹽,可以用本領域已知的方式配製成臨床上或藥學上可接受的任一劑型。用於口服給藥時,可製成常規的固體製劑,如片劑、膠囊劑、丸劑、顆粒劑等;也可製成口服液體製劑,如口服溶液劑、口服混懸劑、糖漿劑等。製成口服製劑時,可以加入適宜的填充劑、黏合劑、崩解劑、潤滑劑等。用於腸胃外給藥時,可以製成注射劑,包括注射液、注射用無菌粉末與注射用濃溶液。製成注射劑時,可採用現有製藥領域中常規方法生產,配製注射劑時,可以不加入附加劑,也可以根據藥物的性質加入適宜的附加劑。
本發明提供的化合物能夠顯著降低高尿酸血症大鼠模型的血清尿酸水平,在抗痛風藥物、抗高尿酸血症藥物等方面具有潛在的應用價值。因為非布司他存在嚴重的心臟猝死、嚴重的腎臟毒性和肝臟毒性,本發明提供的化合物可能在降低藥物毒性方面具有一定的優勢,擁有良好的藥物開發前景。
以下結合實施例對本發明做進一步說明,但是本發明的保護範圍並不侷限於以下各實施例。
實施例
1
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
(5-
甲基
-2-
側氧基
-1,3-
二氧雜環戊烯
-4-
基
)
甲酯(
4
)的合成
步驟A:將含有5-溴-1H-吲哚-3-甲腈(10.0 g,45.2 mmol)、碘代異丙烷(30.8 g,181 mmol)、碳酸銫(29.5 g,90.5 mmol)和乙腈(100 mL)的混合物在80℃攪拌3小時。冷卻到室溫,過濾除去不溶物。濾餅用乙酸乙酯(200 mL)淋洗。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:15 ~ 1:3洗脫),得5-溴-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-3-甲腈(1)(11.6 g)。收率為97.5%。
步驟B:將含有1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯(3.20 g,22.8 mmol)、化合物
1(3.03 g,11.5 mmol)、碳酸鉀(3.15 g,22.8 mmol)、碘化亞銅(2.17 g,11.4 mmol)、(1S,2S)-1,2-二胺基環己烷(1.01 g,11.4 mmol)和DMF(50 mL)的混合物在氮氣下110℃攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,加入乙酸乙酯(100 mL),用飽和食鹽水(50 mL×3)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:30 ~ 1:4洗脫),得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯(2)(3.10 g)。收率為83.6%。
步驟C:將含有化合物
2(600 mg,1.86 mmol)、2 M氫氧化鈉溶液(12 mL)、甲醇(4 mL)和THF(4 mL)的混合物在30℃攪拌1小時。減壓蒸除部分溶劑,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(10 mL)萃取,產物在水相。水相用2 M檸檬酸溶液調節pH值至4 ~ 5。過濾,濾餅用甲醇再結晶,得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸(3)(400 mg)。收率為73.1%。
步驟D:將含有化合物
3(150 mg,0.510 mmol)、4-氯甲基-5-甲基-1,3-二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮(91 mg,0.613 mmol)、碳酸鉀(140 mg,1.01 mmol)、碘化鉀(110 mg,0.663 mmol)和DMF(5 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(20 mL),過濾。濾餅經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,二氯甲烷洗脫),得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸(5-甲基-2-側氧基-1,3-二氧雜環戊烯-4-基)甲酯(4)。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.30 (s,1H),8.58 (s,1H),8.23 (s,1H),8.21 (s,1H),7.96-7.90 (m,2H),5.19 (s,2H),4.96-4.89 (m,1H),2.23 (s,3H),1.51 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):407.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
2
:雙
[1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
]
丙
-1,3-
二酯(
5
)的合成
將含有化合物
3(150 mg,0.510 mmol)、1,3-二溴丙烷(51 mg,0.253 mmol)、碳酸鉀(141 mg,1.02 mmol)、碘化鉀(110 mg,0.663 mmol)和DMF(5 mL)的混合物在30℃攪拌48小時。加入水(20 mL),過濾。濾餅經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,二氯甲烷:石油醚=1:1洗脫),得雙[1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸]丙-1,3-二酯(5)(59.4 mg)。收率為37.1%。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.19 (s,2H),8.55 (s,2H),8.14-8.12 (m,4H),7.86-7.84 (m,4H),4.93-4.86 (m,2H),4.43 (t,J = 6.0 Hz,4H),2.16 (t,J = 6.0 Hz,2H),1.49 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,12H)。MS (ESI,m/z):629.2 [M+H]
+。
實施例
3
:
[1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
羰基
]-L-
纈氨酸甲酯(
6
)的合成
將含有化合物
3(70 mg,0.238 mmol)、L-纈氨酸甲酯鹽酸鹽(47.8 mg,0.285 mmol)、二異丙基乙基胺(77 mg,0.596 mmol)、HBTU(135 mg,0.356 mmol)和DMF(5 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(15 mL×3)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,石油醚:二氯甲烷:三乙胺=200:100:1洗脫),得[1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-羰基]-L-纈氨酸甲酯(6)(78.5 mg)。收率為80.9%。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.16 (s,1H),8.57 (s,1H),8.29 (d,J = 8.0 Hz,1H),8.22 (s,1H),8.06 (s,1H),7.94-7.86 (m,2H),4.95-4.89 (m,1H),4.38-4.34 (m,1H),3.67 (s,3H),2.18-2.12 (m,1H),1.51 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H),0.99 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,3H),0.95 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,3H)。MS (ESI,m/z):408.2 [M+H]
+。
實施例
4
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
(3,7-
二甲基辛烷
-2,6-
二烯
-1-
基
)
酯(
7
)的合成
將含有化合物
3(70 mg,0.238 mmol)、3,7-二甲基辛烷-2,6-二烯-1-醇(44 mg,0.285 mmol)、DCC(74 mg,0.359 mmol)、DMAP(3 mg,0.0246 mmol)和二氯甲烷(5 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。過濾除去不溶物,濾餅用二氯甲烷(5 mL)淋洗。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,石油醚:二氯甲烷:三乙胺=300:100:1洗脫),得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸(3,7-二甲基辛烷-2,6-二烯-1-基)酯(7)(53 mg)。收率為51.7%。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.22 (s,1H),8.57 (s,1H),8.22 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.14 (s,1H),7.95-7.89 (m,2H),5.44-5.41 (m,1H),5.08-5.06 (m,1H),4.95 -4.89 (m,1H),4.77 (d,J = 7.2 Hz,2H),2.10-2.05 (m,4H),1.74 (s,3H),1.63 (s,3H),1.57 (s,3H),1.51 (s,3H),1.50 (s,3H)。MS (ESI,m/z):431.2 [M+H]
+。
實施例
5
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
(3,7,11-
三甲基十二烷基
-2,6,10-
三烯
-1-
基
)
酯(
8
)的合成
以化合物
3和3,7,11-三甲基十二烷基-2,6,10-三烯-1-醇為原料,合成化合物
8的實驗操作參見實施例4。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.20 (s,1H),8.57 (s,1H),8.21 (s,1H),8.13 (d,J = 2.4 Hz,1H),7.95-7.89 (m,2H),5.43-5.40 (m,1H),5.10-5.02 (m,2H),4.95-4.89 (m,1H),4.78-4.73 (m,2H),2.11-1.91 (m,8H),1.74 (s,3H),1.64-1.50 (m,15H)。MS (ESI,m/z):499.2 [M+H]
+。
實施例
6
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
[(2R,3S)-3-
胺基
-4-
甲氧基
-4-
氧代丁
-2-
基
]
酯(
10
)的合成
步驟A:將含有化合物
3(120 mg,0.408 mmol)、Boc-L-蘇氨酸甲酯(114 mg,0.489 mmol)、DCC(168 mg,0.814 mmol)和二氯甲烷(4 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。過濾除去不溶物,濾餅用二氯甲烷(5 mL)淋洗。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,石油醚:二氯甲烷:三乙胺=300:100:1洗脫),得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸[(2R,3S)-3-(Boc-胺基)-4-甲氧基-4-氧代丁-2-基]酯(9)(218 mg)。收率為100%。
步驟B:將化合物
9(218 mg,0.427 mmol)和三氟乙酸(0.4 mL)的二氯甲烷(4 mL)溶液在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(20 mL),用飽和碳酸氫鈉溶液調節pH值至7 ~ 8。用二氯甲烷(20 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(10 mL×2)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,所得產物用乙酸乙酯/石油醚再結晶,得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸[(2R,3S)-3-胺基-4-甲氧基-4-氧代丁-2-基]酯(10)。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.23 (s,1H),8.58 (s,1H),8.18-8.16 (m,2H),7.93-7.92 (m,2H),5.32-5.30 (m,1H),4.94-4.91 (m,1H),3.61-3.58 (m,4H),1.51 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H),1.35 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,3H)。MS (ESI,m/z):410.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
7
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
{1-[(
乙氧基羰基
)
氧基
]}
乙酯(
11
)的合成
將含有化合物
3(100 mg,0.340 mmol)、碳酸鉀(93 mg,0.673 mmol)、1-氯乙基乙基碳酸酯(78 mg,0.511 mmol)、碘化鉀(73 mg,0.440 mmol)和DMF(2 mL)的混合物在40℃攪拌48小時。加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(20 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(10 mL×2)和飽和食鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10洗脫),得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸{1-[(乙氧基羰基)氧基]}乙酯(11)(51 mg)。收率為36.5%。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.31 (s,1H),8.58 (s,1H),8.23 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.21 (s,1H),7.96-7.90 (m,2H),6.87 (q,J = 5.6 Hz,1H),4.96-4.89 (m,1H),4.17 (q,J = 7.2 Hz,2H),1.58 (d,J = 5.2 Hz,3H),1.51 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H),1.23 (t,J = 6.8 Hz,3H)。MS (ESI,m/z):411.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
8
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
(2-
乙醯氧基
)
乙酯(
12
)的合成
以化合物
3和乙二醇單乙酸酯為原料,合成化合物
12的實驗操作參見實施例4。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.25 (s,1H),8.58 (s,1H),8.22 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.16 (s,1H),7.96-7.90 (m,2H),4.96-4.89 (m,1H),4.46-4.44 (m,2H),4.34-4.32 (m,2H),2.05 (s,3H),1.51 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):381.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
9
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
(2-
甲氧基
)
乙酯(
13
)的合成
以化合物
3和乙二醇單甲醚為原料,合成化合物
13的實驗操作參見實施例4。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.23 (s,1H),8.58 (s,1H),8.22 (d,J = 2.0 Hz,1H),8.15 (s,1H),7.96-7.89 (m,2H),4.96-4.89 (m,1H),4.38 (t,J = 4.8 Hz,2H),3.65 (t,J = 4.8 Hz,2H),3.32 (s,3H),1.51 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):353.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
10
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸肉桂酯(
14
)的合成
以化合物
3和肉桂醇為原料,合成化合物
14的實驗操作參見實施例4。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.29 (s,1H),8.57 (s,1H),8.23-8.21 (m,2H),7.97-7.90 (m,2H),7.52-7.50 (m,2H),7.38-7.29 (m,3H),6.81 (d,J = 16.0 Hz,1H),6.53-6.48 (m,1H),4.95-4.91 (m,3H),1.49 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):411.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
11
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
(1-
異丁醯氧基
)
乙酯(
15
)的合成
以化合物
3和1-氯乙基異丁酸酯為原料,合成化合物
15的實驗操作參見實施例7。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.28 (s,1H),8.57 (s,1H),8.22 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.19 (s,1H),7.96-7.90 (m,2H),6.97 (q,J = 5.6 Hz,1H),4.96 -4.89 (m,1H),2.61-2.54 (m,1H),1.55 (d,J = 5.6 Hz,3H),1.51 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,6H),1.12-1.09 (m,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):409.2 [M+H]
+。
實施例
12
:
2-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-2H-1,2,3-
三唑
-4-
甲酸
(5-
甲基
-2-
側氧基
-1,3-
二氧雜環戊烯
-4-
基
)
甲酯(
17
)的合成
以2-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-甲酸(16)(合成化合物
16的實驗操作參見專利CN115160299中的實施例2和3)和4-氯甲基-5-甲基-1,3-二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮為原料,合成化合物
17的實驗操作參見實施例1中的步驟D。
1H NMR (CDCl
3,400 MHz) δ 8.56 (d,J = 2.0 Hz,1H),8.29 (s,1H),8.17 (dd,J = 2.0,8.8 Hz,1H),7.82 (s,1H),7.56 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),5.18 (s,2H),4.79-4.73 (m,1H),2.29 (s,3H),1.62 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):408.0 [M+H]
+。
實施例
13
:雙
[2-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-2H-1,2,3-
三唑
-4-
甲酸
]
丙
-1,3-
二酯(
18
)的合成
以化合物
16和1,3-二溴丙烷為原料,合成化合物
18的實驗操作參見實施例2。
1H NMR (CDCl
3,400 MHz) δ 8.44 (d,J = 2.0 Hz,2H),8.25 (s,2H),8.10 (dd,J = 2.0,8.8 Hz,2H),7.79 (s,2H),7.53 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,2H),4.79-4.72 (m,2H),4.65 (t,J = 6.0 Hz,4H),2.39 (t,J = 6.0 Hz,2H),1.61 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,12H)。MS (ESI,m/z):631.2 [M+H]
+。
實施例
14
:
2-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-2H-1,2,3-
三唑
-4-
甲酸
{1-[(
乙氧基羰基
)
氧基
]}
乙酯(
19
)的合成
以化合物
16和1-氯乙基乙基碳酸酯為原料,合成化合物
19的實驗操作參見實施例7。
1H NMR (CDCl
3,400 MHz) δ 8.56 (d,J = 2.0 Hz,1H),8.28 (s,1H),8.17 (dd,J = 2.0,8.8 Hz,1H),7.81 (s,1H),7.55 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),7.10 (q,J = 5.2 Hz,1H),4.79-4.72 (m,1H),4.26 (q,J = 7.2 Hz,2H),1.72 (d,J = 5.6 Hz,3H),1.61 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,6H),1.34 (t,J = 6.8 Hz,3H)。MS (ESI,m/z):412.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
15
:
2-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-2H-1,2,3-
三唑
-4-
甲酸
(3,7,11-
三甲基十二烷基
-2,6,10-
三烯
-1-
基
)
酯(
20
)的合成
以化合物
16和3,7,11-三甲基十二烷基-2,6,10-三烯-1-醇為原料,合成化合物
20的實驗操作參見實施例4。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 8.65 (s,1H),8.61-8.60 (m,1H),8.24 (s,1H),8.06 (dd,J = 2.0,8.8 Hz,1H),8.00 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),5.50-5.43 (m,1H),5.09-4.84 (m,5H),2.10-1.87 (m,8H),1.76 (s,3H),1.63-1.61 (m,2H),1.56-1.49 (m,13H)。MS (ESI,m/z):544.3 [M+HCO2]
-。
實施例
16
:
2-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-2H-1,2,3-
三唑
-4-
甲酸
(
吡啶
-2-
基
)
甲酯(
21
)的合成
將含有化合物
16(80 mg,0.271 mmol)、吡啶-2-甲醇(36 mg,0.330 mmol)、DCC(84 mg,0.407 mmol)、DMAP(3 mg,0.0246 mmol)和二氯甲烷(5 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。過濾除去不溶物,濾餅用二氯甲烷(5 mL)淋洗。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,二氯甲烷洗脫),得2-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-甲酸(吡啶-2-基)甲酯(21)(69 mg)。收率為65.9%。
1H NMR (CDCl
3,400 MHz) δ 8.65-8.64 (m,1H),8.57 (d,J = 2.0 Hz,1H),8.32 (s,1H),8.18 (dd,J = 2.0,8.8 Hz,1H),7.81 (s,1H),7.78-7.74 (m,1H),7.57-7.50 (m,2H),7.30-7.28 (m,1H),5.58 (s,2H),4.79-4.72 (m,1H),1.61 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):387.4 [M+H]
+。
實施例
17
:
2-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)
異菸鹼酸
(5-
甲基
-2-
側氧基
-1,3-
二氧雜環戊烯
-4-
基
)
甲酯(
27
)的合成
步驟A:向含有5-吲哚硼酸頻哪醇酯(7.29 g,30.0 mmol)、2-溴吡啶-4-甲酸甲酯(7.78 g,36.0 mmol)、碳酸鉀(10.4 g,75.2 mmol)、二氧六環(100 mL)和水(20 mL)的混合物中加入[1,1’-雙(二苯基膦)茂鐵]二氯化鈀(1.09 g,1.50 mmol),加完後,所得混合物在氮氣下80℃攪拌3小時。減壓蒸除大部分溶劑,加入水(100 mL),用乙酸乙酯(100 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:5洗脫),得2-(1H-吲哚-5-基)異菸鹼酸甲酯(22)(1.30 g)。收率為17.2%。
步驟B:向化合物
22(1.30 g,5.15 mmol)的DMF(25 mL)溶液中加入碳酸銫(3.35 g,10.3 mmol)和碘(2.62 g,10.3 mmol),加完後,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。加入水(60 mL)和2 M硫代硫酸鈉溶液(20 mL)。過濾,濾餅用乙酸乙酯(200 mL)溶解,過濾除去不溶物,然後用無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得2-(3-碘-1H-吲哚-5-基)異菸鹼酸甲酯(23)(1.10 g)。收率為51.4%。MS (ESI,m/z):379.1 [M+H]
+。
步驟C:將含有化合物
23(1.10 g,2.91 mmol)、碳酸鉀(480 mg,3.47 mmol)、溴代異丙烷(530 mg,4.31 mmol)、碘化鉀(100 mg,0.602 mmol)和DMF(20 mL)的混合物在60℃攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,加入水(80 mL),用乙酸乙酯(40 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相依次用水(30 mL×2)和飽和食鹽水(30 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:10洗脫),得2-(3-碘-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)異菸鹼酸甲酯(24)(600 mg)。收率為49.1%。
步驟D:將含有化合物
24(600 mg,1.43 mmol)、氰化亞銅(200 mg,2.33 mmol)和DMF(6 mL)的混合物在120℃攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,加入乙酸乙酯(30 mL)和水(20 mL),過濾除去不溶物。分層,水層用乙酸乙酯(20 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機層依次用水(15 mL×2)和飽和食鹽水(15 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,得2-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)異菸鹼酸甲酯(25)(267 mg)。收率為58.5%。
步驟E:將含有化合物
25(267 mg,0.836 mmol)、2 M氫氧化鈉溶液(4 mL)、甲醇(1.3 mL)和THF(1.3 mL)的混合物在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。加入水(15 mL),用乙酸乙酯(10 mL)萃取,產物在水相。水相用2 M檸檬酸溶液調節pH值至5 ~ 6。過濾,得2-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)異菸鹼酸(26)(255 mg)。收率為99.9%。
步驟F的實驗操作參見實施例1中的步驟D,得2-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)異菸鹼酸(5-甲基-2-側氧基-1,3-二氧雜環戊烯-4-基)甲酯(27)。
1H NMR (CDCl
3,400 MHz) δ 8.88 (d,J = 5.2 Hz,1H),8.44 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.36 (s,1H),8.11 (dd,J = 1.6,8.8 Hz,1H),7.78-7.77 (m,2H),7.57 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),5.19 (s,2H),4.80-4.73 (m,1H),2.30 (s,3H),1.61 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):418.2 [M+H]
+。
實施例
18
:
2-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)
異菸鹼酸
{1-[(
乙氧基羰基
)
氧基
]}
乙酯(
28
)的合成
以化合物
26和1-氯乙基乙基碳酸酯為原料,合成化合物
28的實驗操作參見實施例7。
1H NMR (CDCl
3,400 MHz) δ 8.86 (d,J = 4.8 Hz,1H),8.44 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.36 (s,1H),8.09 (dd,J = 1.6,8.8 Hz,1H),7.80-7.78 (m,2H),7.56 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),7.09 (q,J = 5.2 Hz,1H),4.80-4.73 (m,1H),4.26 (q,J = 7.2 Hz,2H),1.72 (d,J = 5.6 Hz,3H),1.61 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,6H),1.34 (t,J = 7.2 Hz,3H)。MS (ESI,m/z):422.4 [M+H]
+。
實施例
19
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
[4-(
硝基氧基
)]
丁酯(
30
)的合成
步驟A:將含有4-溴丁基乙酸酯(1.0 g,5.13 mmol)、硝酸銀(1.30 g,7.65 mmol)和乙腈(15 mL)的混合物在避光下回流攪拌過夜。冷卻到室溫,過濾除去不溶物。加入水(60 mL),用乙酸乙酯(30 mL×3)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,然後向剩餘物中加入2 M氫氧化鈉溶液(2.5 mL)和甲醇(5 mL)。加完後,所得混合物在室溫下攪拌2小時。加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(20 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=5:1洗脫),得硝酸(4-羥基)丁酯(29)(400 mg)。收率為57.5%。
步驟B的實驗操作參見實施例4,得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸[4-(硝基氧基)]丁酯(30)。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.22 (s,1H),8.57 (s,1H),8.20 (d,J = 1.6 Hz,1H),8.16 (s,1H),7.95-7.89 (m,2H),4.96-4.89 (m,1H),4.61 (t,J = 6.0 Hz,2H),4.28 (t,J = 6.0 Hz,2H),1.87-1.78 (m,4H),1.51 (d,J = 6.8 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):412.5 [M+H]
+。
實施例
20
:
1-(3-
腈基
-1-
異丙基
-1H-
吲哚
-5-
基
)-1H-
吡唑
-4-
甲酸
[3-(
硝基氧基
)
甲基
]
苯酯(
32
)的合成
步驟A:將含有間羥基苄基溴(500 mg,2.67 mmol)、硝酸銀(500 mg,2.94 mmol)和乙腈(5 mL)的混合物在冰水浴下避光攪拌5小時。過濾除去不溶物。加入水(20 mL),用乙酸乙酯(20 mL×2)萃取,合併的有機相用飽和食鹽水(10 mL)洗滌,無水硫酸鈉乾燥。減壓蒸除溶劑,產物經管柱層析純化(200 ~ 300目矽膠,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=35:1洗脫),得硝酸(3-羥基)苄酯(31)(230 mg)。收率為50.9%。
步驟B的實驗操作參見實施例4,得1-(3-腈基-1-異丙基-1H-吲哚-5-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸[3-(硝基氧基)甲基]苯酯(32)。
1H NMR (DMSO-d
6,400 MHz) δ 9.49 (s,1H),8.58 (s,1H),8.36 (s,1H),8.27 (s,1H),7.98-7.94 (m,2H),7.57-7.53 (m,1H),7.44-7.35 (m,3H),5.64 (s,2H),4.97-4.90 (m,1H),1.52 (d,J = 6.4 Hz,6H)。MS (ESI,m/z):446.1 [M+H]
+。
實施例
21
:化合物對治療大鼠高尿酸血症的實驗研究
1.
實驗材料
(1)
受試藥物
化合物
30和
32均為類白色粉末,臨用前採用0.5% CMC-Na研磨,配成0.4 mg/mL混懸液供灌胃。
非布司他,購自Sigma,臨用前採用0.5% CMC-Na研磨,配成0.4 mg/mL混懸液供灌胃。
(2)
動物及飼養
a.動物種屬和來源
Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠,SPF級,30隻,雄性,體重230-250 g,購自上海斯萊克實驗動物有限責任公司,生產許可證號:SCXK(滬)2022-0004,品質合格證號:20220004017238。
b.飼養條件
大鼠均飼養於獨立送風籠具中,空氣潔淨度10000級,實驗室溫度26±2℃;相對濕度60%~80%;每小時空氣交換次數:10-15次/小時;光照周期:12(日)/12(夜)小時,每籠3隻。
飼料:鼠全價顆粒飼料,購自江蘇省協同醫藥生物工程有限責任公司,其品質符合GB14924.1-2001《實驗動物配合飼料通用品質標準》。
墊料:滅菌顆粒墊料,購自江蘇省協同醫藥生物工程有限責任公司。
飲水:飲用純化水,經酸化後自由飲用。
(3)
主要儀器設備
Varioskan LUX多功能微孔板讀數儀購自美國Thermo;BS210S精密電子天平(0.1mg~10g)購自德國賽多利斯;FEJ-200電子天平(0.1~200g)購自福州富日衡之寶電子有限公司;Pacific TII+Genpure XCAD PLUS UV/TOC/UF純水超純水系統購自美國Thermo。
(4)
主要試劑
尿酸檢測試劑盒(磷鎢酸還原法),批號:20230224,購自南京建成生物工程研究所;氧嗪酸鉀,貨號00164,批號T6GKM-TA,購自日本東京化成工業株式會社(TCI);羧甲基纖維素鈉(CMC-Na),批號20170810,化學純,購自國藥集團化學試劑有限公司。
2.
實驗方法
(1)
分組
SD大鼠30隻,雄性,適應一週後,體重約為220-240g。按體重分層隨機分為5組,每組6隻,分別為:(1)正常組(0.5% CMC-Na),(2)模型組(0.5% CMC-Na),(3)非布司他2 mg/kg,(4)化合物30,2 mg/kg,(5)化合物32,2 mg/kg。各組藥物配成相應濃度混懸液,給藥體積均為0.5mL/100g。
(2)
模型建立、給藥方案與及檢測指標
各組大鼠購入適應飼養完畢,禁食12小時,分別用氧嗪酸鉀按300mg/kg劑量ip造模,造模後0.5小時各受試藥物組分別灌胃給藥1次。連續給藥3天,第3天分別於氧嗪酸鉀注射前以及氧嗪酸鉀注射後1小時、3小時、5小時經眼眶後靜脈叢採血,3500 rpm離心10分鐘,取血清30 μL測定各時間點尿酸水平。
(3)
數據處理與統計方法
各試驗計量數據均以(平均數)±s(標準差)表示,組間比較採用ANOVA-Dunnett T檢驗考察顯著性,以P<0.05作為顯著性指標,P<0.01作為極顯著性指標。
3.
實驗結果
與溶劑組相比,氧嗪酸鉀模型組在造模後1小時、3小時、5小時血清尿酸水平顯著升高(P<0.01)。與同時間點模型組相比,非布司他可顯著降低造模後的血清尿酸水平(P<0.01)。與相同時間點模型組相比,化合物
30和化合物
32可顯著降低造模後的血清尿酸水平(P<0.01或P<0.05)。結果見表1。
表1. 給藥3天對氧嗪酸鉀誘發的高尿酸血症大鼠血清尿酸水平的影響( ±s)
##P<0.01,與同時間點溶劑組比較;*P<0.05,**P<0.01,與同時間點模型組比較。
組別 | 劑量 (mg/kg) | 動物數量 | 尿酸(μmol/L) | |||
0小時 | 1小時 | 3小時 | 5小時 | |||
正常組 | — | 6 | 46.8±6.0 | 52.0±9.1 | 55.7±6.4 | 56.0±9.4 |
模型組 | — | 6 | 49.3±12.3 | 86.6±11.1 ## | 120.8±20.2 ## | 107.2±27.2 ## |
非布司他 | 2 | 6 | 39.2±6.2 | 34.4±7.1** | 31.2±7.6** | 24.7±4.7** |
化合物 30 | 2 | 6 | 45.0±8.4 | 70.0±14.8* | 94.2±22.7* | 72.2±11.4* |
化合物 32 | 2 | 6 | 49.1±6.7 | 68.9±15.8* | 82.2±23.3** | 65.8±13.6** |
實施例
22
:化合物
11
的
SD
大鼠體內
藥物代謝動力學實驗
1.
實驗材料
(1)
受試藥物
化合物儲備液配製:分別稱取適量化合物固體粉末,加入一定量的DMSO,渦旋超音波,得10 mg/mL的儲備液。
用於灌胃的試驗化合物配製:分別移取適量化合物儲備液,加入一定量Solutol HS15溶液,渦旋1分鐘,再加入一定量生理鹽水,充分混合均勻,得1 mg/mL的溶液。
用於靜脈注射的試驗化合物配製:分別移取適量化合物儲備液,加入一定量Solutol HS15溶液,渦旋1分鐘,再加入一定量生理鹽水,充分混合均勻,得0.5 mg/mL的溶液。
(2)
實驗動物
SD大鼠,雄性,SPF級,6-8週齡。購自JH Laboratory Animal Co. LTD。許可證號:SCXK (SH) 2022-0009,合格證編號:20220009004139。
2.
實驗方法
(1)
給藥劑量及方式
試驗動物在灌胃給藥前禁食過夜,給藥4小時後再給予食物,期間自由飲水。每個試驗化合物均設2個組別,分別為靜脈給藥組合口服給藥組,具體給藥劑量及方式見下表2。
表
2
化合物
11
對
SD
大鼠的
給藥劑量和方式
組別 | 動物數量 | 給藥劑量( mg/kg ) | 給藥體積( mL/kg ) | 濃度( mg/mL ) | 給藥途徑 |
靜脈給藥組 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0.5 | 靜脈注射 |
口服給藥組 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 口服 |
(2)
實驗操作
分別於給藥前和給藥後5分鐘(僅靜脈給藥組)、15分鐘、30分鐘、1小時、2小時、4小時、6小時、8小時和24小時,採集SD大鼠頸靜脈血樣(150 µL/樣本),並置於含有抗凝劑肝素鈉的離心管中,4℃,2000 g離心5分鐘分離血漿。採用LC/MS/MS對血漿樣品進行分析,檢測血漿樣本中各受試化合物的濃度。
(3)
藥物代謝動力學分析
非房室模型相關參數由WinNonlin® Professional軟件計算獲得。
3.
實驗結果
依據上述方法獲得的受試化合物的SD大鼠藥物代謝動力學參數如表3所示。本發明的實施例化合物的藥物代謝動力學相關參數良好,生物利用度高。
表
3.
口服或靜脈注射給予各化合物的
SD
大鼠藥物
代謝動力學參數
灌胃給 藥 – 10 mg/kg | |||||||||
化合物編號 | t 1/2 (h) | T max (h) | C max (ng/mL) | AUC INF (hr*ng/mL) | MRT INF (h) | ||||
11 | 3.44 | 0.250 | 4670 | 12363 | 4.22 | ||||
靜脈注射給藥 – 1 mg/kg | |||||||||
化合物編號 | t 1/2 (h) | T max (h) | C max (ng/mL) | AUC INF (hr*ng/mL) | MRT INF (h) | ||||
11 | 7.72 | 0.083 | 1860 | 1099 | 3.69 | ||||
無
Claims (10)
- 一種通式(I)所示的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽, (I) 其中,R為C 1-6烷基、取代的C 1-6烷基、C 3-6環烷基、取代的C 3-6環烷基、C 3-6雜環烷基或取代的C 3-6雜環烷基;其中R所涉及的各基團中的取代基選自氘、腈基、硝基、鹵素、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6烷氧基、C 3-6環烷基或C 3-6雜環烷基中的一種或多種; Ar為取代或非取代的以下基團: ,Ar基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、鹵素、C 1-4烷基或C 1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種; Y為O或NR 3, R 1為連接鍵或者取代或非取代的C 1-6亞烷基或者取代或非取代的C 2-12亞烯基,R 1基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C 1-4烷基或C 1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種; R 2為氫、硝基氧基、羧基或者取代或非取代的下述基團:二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基、C 4-12稠雜芳環基、C 4-16稠雜芳環基吡唑基羰基氧基、C 4-16稠雜芳環基吡啶基羰基氧基、C 4-16稠雜芳環基三氮唑基羰基氧基、C 2-6酯基、吡啶基、苯基、C 1-6烷氧基、C 2-20烯基、C 2-20炔基、C 2-8烷基羰基氧基或C 2-8烷氧基羰基氧基,R 2基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C 1-4烷基、鹵代C 1-4烷基、硝基氧基取代的C 1-4烷基或C 1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種;且R 2基團中的C 4-16稠雜芳環基中不含有吲唑基;以及 R 3為氫或C 1-6烷基。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中化合物選自通式(II)、(III)或(IV)所示的化合物, 。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中Y為O或NH,R為C 3-6烷基、取代的C 1-6烷基、C 3-6環烷基、取代的C 3-6環烷基、C 3-6雜環烷基或取代的C 3-6雜環烷基;其中R所涉及的各基團中的取代基選自氘、腈基、硝基、鹵素、C 1-5烷基、C 1-5烷氧基或C 3-6環烷基中的一種或多種。
- 如請求項3所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中R為C 3-6烷基、取代的C 1-6烷基、C 3-6環烷基、取代的C 3-6環烷基、四氫呋喃、取代的四氫呋喃、四氫噻吩、取代的四氫噻吩、四氫吡咯或取代的四氫吡咯;其中R所涉及的各基團中的取代基選自氘、腈基、硝基、鹵素、C 1-5烷基、C 1-5烷氧基或C 3-6環烷基中的一種或多種。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中R 1為連接鍵或者取代或非取代的C 1-4亞烷基或者取代或非取代的C 2-12亞烯基,R 1基團中的取代基選自氘、胺基、腈基、鹵素或C 1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中R 2為氫、硝基氧基、羧基或者取代或非取代的下述基團:二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基、吲唑基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、吲哚基、苯並呋喃基、嘌呤基、喹啉基吡唑基羰基氧基、異喹啉基吡唑基羰基氧基、吲哚基吡唑基羰基氧基、苯並呋喃基吡唑基羰基氧基、嘌呤基吡唑基羰基氧基、喹啉基吡啶基羰基氧基、異喹啉基吡啶基羰基氧基、吲哚基吡啶基羰基氧基、苯並呋喃基吡啶基羰基氧基、嘌呤基吡啶基羰基氧基、喹啉基三氮唑基羰基氧基、異喹啉基三氮唑基羰基氧基、吲哚基三氮唑基羰基氧基、苯並呋喃基三氮唑基羰基氧基、嘌呤基三氮唑基羰基氧基、C 2-6酯基、吡啶基、苯基、C 1-6烷氧基、C 6-20烯基、C 6-20炔基、C 2-8烷基羰基氧基或C 2-8烷氧基羰基氧基,R 2基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C 1-4烷基、鹵代C 1-4烷基、硝基氧基取代的C 1-4烷基或C 1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種。
- 如請求項5所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中R 2為氫、硝基氧基、羧基或者取代或非取代的下述基團:二氧雜環戊烯-2-酮基、吲哚基吡唑基羰基氧基、吲哚基吡啶基羰基氧基、吲哚基三氮唑基羰基氧基、C 2-6酯基、吡啶基、苯基、C 1-6烷氧基、C 6-20烯基、C 2-8烷基羰基氧基或C 2-8烷氧基羰基氧基,R 2基團中的取代基選自氘、羥基、胺基、腈基、鹵素、C 1-4烷基、硝基氧基取代的C 1-4烷基或C 1-4烷氧基中的一種或多種。
- 如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,其中化合物選自: 。
- 一種藥物組合物,它以請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽為活性物質,輔以藥學上可接受的輔料。
- 一種如請求項1所述的化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽在製備抗痛風藥物或抗高尿酸血症藥物方面的用途。
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