TW202211724A - Display device and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A display device according to the present disclosure includes light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix. Each light-emitting element has a convex polygon-shaped light-emitting surface, and an upper part of the light-emitting element is covered with an optical element provided independently to correspond to each light-emitting element, and having a bottom surface or a top surface including a portion with a shape copying the sides of the light-emitting surface, the portion extending to the outside of the region of the light-emitting surface.

Description

Display devices and electronic equipment

The present disclosure relates to a display device and an electronic machine.

A light-emitting element having a current-driven light-emitting portion, and a display device having the above-mentioned light-emitting element are known. For example, a light-emitting element including a light-emitting portion including an organic electroluminescent element is attracting attention as a light-emitting element capable of high-brightness light emission by low-voltage DC driving.

In a display device that is attached to eyeglasses, goggles, etc. and performs image display, in addition to setting the size of the light-emitting element to about several micrometers to about 10 micrometers, high brightness is also sought. For example, in Patent Document 1, it is described that a hemispherical optical element is arranged on the light-emitting layer to improve the light extraction efficiency. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-60720

[Problems to be Solved by Invention]

When the shape of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element is, for example, a rectangular shape, if an optical element with a circular bottom surface is arranged, it is difficult for the optical element to completely cover the light-emitting surface. Therefore, the ratio of the light that is not incident on the optical element increases, and the light extraction efficiency decreases.

Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a display device having an optical element above a light-emitting element and having a structure capable of improving light extraction efficiency, and an electronic apparatus including the above-mentioned display device. [Technical means to solve problems]

The display device of the present disclosure for achieving the above object, comprising light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix; and The light-emitting element has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape; The top of the light-emitting element is covered by an optical element. The optical element is independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element, and includes a portion of the shape along the edge of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface or an upper surface extending beyond the area of the light-emitting surface.

The electronic apparatus of the present disclosure for achieving the above-mentioned object includes a display device, and the above-mentioned display device comprising light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix; and The light-emitting element has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape; The top of the light-emitting element is covered by an optical element. The optical element is independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element, and includes a portion of the shape along the edge of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface or an upper surface extending beyond the area of the light-emitting surface.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiment, and various numerical values and materials of the embodiment are exemplified. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements or elements having the same function, and overlapping descriptions are omitted. In addition, the description is performed in the following order. 1. Description of the display device and the electronic apparatus as a whole of the present disclosure 2. First Embodiment and Various Configuration Examples 3. Second Embodiment 4. The third embodiment and various modifications 5. Description of electronic equipment 6. Application example 7. Others

[Explanation about the display device and the electronic apparatus as a whole of the present disclosure] As described above, the display device used in the display device of the present disclosure and the electronic apparatus of the present disclosure (hereinafter, these may be simply referred to as "the display device of the present disclosure") includes light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix, and the light-emitting elements are arranged in a matrix. The top is covered by optical elements. The optical elements are independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element, including a portion along the shape of the side of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface or an upper surface extending beyond the area of the light-emitting surface.

In this case, the cross-sectional shape when the optical element is cut on an imaginary plane perpendicular to the light-emitting element can be any of a semicircle, a trapezoid, a rectangle, a polygon, or a combination of them. . Basically, it is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the cross-sectional shape is a trapezoid or a semicircle. In addition, "semi-circular shape" is not strictly limited to a semi-circular shape, and includes a shape regarded as a semi-circular shape in actual use.

The material constituting the optical element may be appropriately selected from transparent organic materials or inorganic materials and used. The optical element can be obtained by forming a resist over, for example, a layer of transparent material and subjecting it to etching.

As described above, in the display device of the present disclosure, the light-emitting element has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape. The convex polygonal shape may be, for example, an equilateral triangular shape, a square shape, a regular hexagonal shape, or the like, or may be a rectangular shape such as a rectangle. Basically, the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element is preferably formed into a rectangular shape or a regular hexagonal shape.

In the display device of the present disclosure including the above-mentioned various preferable configurations, it is possible to configure at least one optical element corresponding to each light-emitting element.

The display device of the present disclosure including the above-mentioned various preferred configurations may adopt a configuration including at least a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display. In this case, each light-emitting element used for displaying a certain color can be configured to correspond to a plurality of optical elements.

In this case, the light-emitting element for displaying a specific color has a rectangular light-emitting surface, and a configuration in which a plurality of optical elements are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the light-emitting surface can be adopted. In particular, each light-emitting element used for blue display can be configured to correspond to a plurality of optical elements.

In a display device including at least a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display including the above-mentioned various preferred structures, the light-emitting element for red display and the light-emitting element for green display are included. The light-emitting surface of the element and the group of light-emitting elements for blue display can be arranged in a rectangular shape as a whole.

The display device of the present disclosure including the above-mentioned various preferable configurations can be further provided with a color filter corresponding to the display color. For example, the display device may further include a color filter corresponding to a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display.

In this case, the color filter can be arranged between the light-emitting element and the optical element. Alternatively, the color filter may be configured above the optical element.

The color filter may be composed of fine particles including color materials and/or quantum dots. The color filter may be formed of a known resist material to which a desired color material or the like is added. As the color material, well-known pigments and dyes can be used. In addition, the microparticles constituting the quantum dots are not particularly limited, and for example, luminescent semiconductor nanoparticles can be used. The color filter including the color material performs color display by transmitting light in the target wavelength range of the light from the light-emitting element. In addition, the color filter including the fine particles constituting the quantum dots performs color display by converting the wavelength of the light from the light-emitting element.

In the display device of the present disclosure including the above-mentioned various preferable configurations, the light-emitting element may adopt a configuration including a light-emitting portion including an organic electroluminescent element, an LED element, a semiconductor laser element, and the like. These can be constructed using well-known materials and methods. From the viewpoint of constituting a flat-panel display device, the light-emitting element is preferably configured to include a light-emitting portion including an organic electroluminescent element.

In this case, the light-emitting element may have a resonator structure that resonates light. Also, the light-emitting element may include a drive circuit for controlling light emission. The light-emitting element and the drive circuit can be connected via, for example, a conduction portion including a through hole provided in the interlayer insulating film. By having the resonator structure, the light-emitting color of the light-emitting element can be set to a specific display color, so basically no color filter is required. However, in order to further improve the color purity of light with a longer wavelength, the display device may be further provided with a color filter corresponding to the light-emitting element for red display. Alternatively, in order to improve the color purity of all display colors, the display device may further include a color filter corresponding to a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display.

In the display device of the present disclosure including the above-mentioned various preferred configurations, a transparent protective film can be formed on the entire surface including the optical element. The material constituting the protective film may be appropriately selected from a self-transparent organic material or inorganic material.

The light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix are formed on a substrate, for example. As a constituent material of the substrate, a semiconductor material, a glass material, or a plastic material can be exemplified. In the case where the driving circuit is constituted by a transistor formed on a semiconductor substrate, it is only necessary to employ a structure in which a well region is provided in a semiconductor substrate including, for example, silicon, and a transistor is formed in the well. On the other hand, in the case of forming the driving circuit by a thin film transistor or the like, the driving circuit can be formed by forming a semiconductor thin film on a substrate including a glass material or a plastic material. The various wirings can employ well-known configurations and structures.

In the display device of the present disclosure, the configuration of a drive circuit for controlling the light emission of the light-emitting element and the like is not particularly limited. The light-emitting element is formed in a certain plane on the substrate, for example, and can be arranged above the driving circuit for driving the light-emitting element through an interlayer insulating layer. The configuration of the transistor constituting the drive circuit is not particularly limited. It can be a p-channel type field effect transistor or an n-channel type field effect transistor.

In the display device of the present disclosure, the light-emitting element may be of a so-called top surface emission type. For example, a light-emitting element including an organic electroluminescent element is configured by sandwiching an organic layer including a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and the like with a first electrode and a second electrode. When the cathode is made common, the second electrode becomes the cathode electrode, and the first electrode becomes the anode electrode.

The first electrode is provided on the substrate for each light-emitting element. The first electrode can be formed of metals such as aluminum (Al), aluminum alloy, platinum (Pt), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), or an alloy thereof. Alternatively, a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) may be included. The second electrode is provided as a common electrode for each light-emitting element. For example, a mixed layer of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag), a metal such as silver (Ag), or indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc can be used. Oxide (IZO) and other conductive materials.

The organic layer is formed by laminating a plurality of materials, and is provided on the entire surface including the first electrode as a common continuous film. The organic layer emits light by applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic layer can be constituted by, for example, a structure in which a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer are laminated in this order from the first electrode side. The hole transport material, hole transport material, electron transport material, and organic light-emitting material constituting the organic layer are not particularly limited, and known materials can be used.

The organic layer may include a structure in which a plurality of light-emitting layers are stacked. For example, a light-emitting element that emits white light can be constructed by laminating red light-emitting, blue light-emitting, and green light-emitting light-emitting layers, or by stacking light-emitting light-emitting layers of blue light and yellow light. Alternatively, according to the color to be displayed, a light-emitting layer may be separately applied to each light-emitting element.

The display device of the present disclosure can adopt the structure of color display. In addition, depending on the situation, a so-called monochromatic display may be used. In the case of monochrome display, one light-emitting element constitutes one pixel.

In addition, in the case of color display, one light-emitting element constitutes one sub-pixel. For example, one pixel may include a plurality of sub-pixels, and specifically, one pixel may include three sub-pixels of red display sub-pixels, green display sub-pixels, and blue display sub-pixels. Furthermore, it can also include adding one type or one group of plural sub-pixels to the three sub-pixels (for example, adding one group of sub-pixels emitting white light in order to improve the brightness, and adding a group of sub-pixels that emit white light in order to expand the color reproduction range) One group of sub-pixels for complementary color light, one group of sub-pixels for emitting yellow light to expand the color reproduction range, and one group of sub-pixels for yellow light and cyan light to expand the color reproduction range).

The partition wall portion for partitioning the adjacent light-emitting elements can be formed using a material appropriately selected from known inorganic materials or organic materials, for example, a physical vapor deposition method exemplified by a vacuum evaporation method or a sputtering method ( PVD method), various chemical vapor deposition methods (CVD methods) and other well-known film formation methods, and a combination of well-known patterning methods such as etching methods and lift-off methods.

As the value of the pixel (pixel) of the display device, except VGA (640,480), S-VGA (800,600), XGA (1024,768), APRC (1152,900), S-XGA (1280,1024), U-XGA In addition to (1600, 1200), HD-TV (1920, 1080), and Q-XGA (2048, 1536), several images such as (1920, 1035), (720, 480), (1280, 960) can also be exemplified for displaying images. resolution, but not limited to these values.

As the electronic apparatus provided with the display device of the present disclosure, in addition to the direct-view type or projection type display apparatus, various electronic apparatuses provided with an image display function can be exemplified.

In addition to the strictly established circumstances, the various conditions of this specification are also satisfied under the substantially established circumstances. Various deviations in design or manufacture are allowed. In addition, each drawing used in the following description is a schematic drawing, and does not show the actual size and its ratio.

[First Embodiment and Various Configuration Examples] The first embodiment relates to the display device and electronic apparatus of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view for explaining the display device of the first embodiment. The display device 1 includes various circuits such as light-emitting elements PX arranged in a matrix, and a horizontal driving circuit 11 and a vertical driving circuit 12 for driving the light-emitting elements PX. The symbol SCL is a scan line for scanning the light-emitting element PX, and the symbol DTL is a signal line for supplying various voltages to the light-emitting element PX. In addition, the display device 1 also includes a power supply line for supplying a driving voltage and the like to the pixels, and the like, but this is omitted in FIG. 1 for convenience of illustration.

For example, M light-emitting elements PX are arranged in the horizontal direction (X direction in the figure), N pieces are arranged in the vertical direction (Y direction in the figure), and M×N in total are arranged in a matrix. The display device 1 is a display device capable of color display. The light-emitting elements PX corresponding to the red display, the green display, and the blue display are displayed with symbols R, G, and B, respectively. In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 1 , the horizontal driving circuit 11 and the vertical driving circuit 12 are respectively arranged on one end side of the display device 1 , but this is only an example.

5 to 12 , the light-emitting element PX has a light-emitting surface having a convex polygonal shape. In addition, the top of the light-emitting element PX is covered by an optical element, and the optical element is independently provided corresponding to each light-emitting element PX, and includes a portion of the shape along the side of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface extending outside the region of the light-emitting surface. or upper surface.

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram for explaining the configuration of the light-emitting element. In addition, for convenience of illustration, the wiring relationship for one light-emitting element PX, more specifically, the light-emitting element PX in the m-th column and the n-th row is shown.

The light-emitting element PX includes a current-driven light-emitting portion ELP and a drive circuit that controls light emission of the light-emitting portion ELP. The driving circuit at least includes a writing transistor TR _W for writing an image signal, and a driving transistor TR _D for flowing a current to the light-emitting portion ELP. These include p-channel type transistors.

The drive circuit further includes a capacitor portion C _S . The capacitor portion _CS is used to hold the voltage of the gate electrode with respect to the source region of the driving transistor TR _D (so-called gate-source voltage). When the light-emitting element PX emits light, one source/drain region of the driving transistor TR _D (connected to the side of the feed line PS1 in FIG. 2 ) functions as a source region, and the other source/drain region functions as a source region. The drain region comes into play.

One electrode and the other electrode constituting the capacitor portion _CS are respectively connected to a source/drain region and a gate electrode of the driving transistor TR _D. The other source/drain region of the driving transistor TR _D is connected to the anode electrode of the light emitting part ELP.

The light-emitting element PX includes a light-emitting portion ELP including an organic electroluminescent element. The light-emitting portion ELP is a current-driven light-emitting portion whose light-emitting luminance varies according to the value of the flowing current, and has a well-known structure and structure including an anode electrode, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode electrode.

The other end (specifically, the cathode electrode) of the light-emitting portion ELP is connected to the common feed line PS2. A specific voltage V _CATH (eg ground potential) is supplied to the common feed line PS2. In addition, the capacitance of the light-emitting portion ELP is represented by the symbol C _EL . In the case where the capacitance C _EL of the light emitting part ELP is small and the driving is hindered, it is only necessary to provide an auxiliary capacitor connected in parallel with the light emitting part ELP as needed.

The writing transistor TR _W has a gate electrode connected to the scan line SCL, a source/drain region connected to the data line DTL, and another source/drain region connected to the gate electrode of the driving transistor TR _D Drain region. As a result, the signal voltage from the data line DTL is written into the capacitance portion CS through the writing transistor _{TR W.}

As described above, the capacitor portion _{CS is connected between a source/drain region of the driving transistor TR D and} the gate electrode. A power supply voltage V _CC is applied to a source/drain region of the driving transistor TR _D from a power supply section (not shown) via a power supply line PS1 _m . If the image signal voltage V _Sig from the data line DTL is written into the capacitor part CS through the writing transistor TR _W , the capacitor part _CS uses the voltage of (V _CC -V _{Sig )} as the gate of the driving transistor TR _D , The voltage between the sources is maintained. A drain current I _ds expressed by the following equation (1) flows through the driving transistor TR _D , and the light-emitting portion ELP emits light with a luminance corresponding to the current value.

I _ds =k·μ·((V _CC -V _Sig )-|V _th |) ² (1) In addition, μ : Effective mobility L : Channel length W : Channel width V _th : Threshold voltage C _ox : (relative permittivity of gate insulating layer)×(inductivity of vacuum)/(thickness of gate insulating layer) k≡(1/2)・(W/L)・C _ox .

Next, the three-dimensional arrangement relationship of the light-emitting portion ELP, the transistor, and the like will be described. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the configuration of the display device.

The display device 1 includes a substrate 100 and light-emitting elements PX arranged in a matrix on the substrate 100 . The light-emitting portion ELP including the organic electroluminescent element is constituted by sequentially laminating the organic layer 120 including the light-emitting layer and the second electrode 121 on the first electrode 111 provided for each light-emitting element PX. For convenience of illustration, the organic layer 120 is shown as one layer in FIG. 2 . In addition, the organic layer 120 is formed to emit white light. A second electrode 121 including, for example, a transparent conductive material is formed on the entire surface including the organic layer 120 , and further, a protective layer 122 and a planarization layer 123 are formed thereon.

The first electrode 111 includes, for example, a metal material, and the light emitted from the organic layer 120 is emitted from the second electrode 121 side. The planar shape of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element PX is roughly along the planar shape of the first electrode 111 . The light-emitting element PX has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape. Above the light-emitting elements, the optical elements 140 independently provided corresponding to the light-emitting elements PX are arranged. The display device 1 further includes a color filter 130 corresponding to the display color. The color filter 130 is arranged between the light-emitting element PX and the optical element 140 .

A partition wall portion 112 containing an insulating material is provided between the adjacent first electrodes 111 . Thereby, each light-emitting part ELP is distinguished. Although not shown, a drive circuit provided for each of the light emitting parts ELP is formed on the substrate 100 . The light-emitting state of the light-emitting portion ELP is controlled according to a signal from the outside.

The color filter 130 is formed on the planarization layer 123 . Specifically, a red color filter 130 _R corresponding to the light-emitting element PX for red display, a green color filter 130 _G corresponding to the light-emitting element PX for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display are arranged _The blue color filter 130B corresponding to PX. In this way, the display device 1 includes at least the light-emitting element PX for red display, the light-emitting element PX for green display, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display.

The optical element 140 independently provided corresponding to each light-emitting element PX is arranged on the color filter 130 . The cross-sectional shape when the optical element 140 is cut on an imaginary plane perpendicular to the light-emitting element PX is a trapezoid or a semicircle. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the cross-section of the optical element 140 is a trapezoid. 4 shows an example in which the cross section of the optical element 140 is semicircular.

The display device 1 of the first embodiment can be obtained, for example, by the following manufacturing steps.

[step-100] The substrate 100 shown in FIG. 3 is prepared, and the first electrodes 111 corresponding to the light-emitting parts ELP are formed on the substrate 100 . Next, the organic layer 120 including the light-emitting layer, the second electrode 121, the protective layer 122 and the planarization layer 123 are sequentially formed.

[step-110] Next, the optical element 140 corresponding to each light emitting part ELP is formed. First, the color filter 130 is formed on the planarization layer 123 by a well-known method. Then, on the whole surface, a transparent material layer which becomes the source of the optical element 140 is formed.

Next, a resist for forming an optical element is formed on the transparent material layer. Here, it is assumed that a trapezoidal resist is formed.

After that, for example, a dry etching process is performed to etch the resist and the transparent material layer. As the resist is thicker, the etching amount of the substrate decreases, so that the optical element 140 in a trapezoid shape is formed. In addition, when the resist is formed into a hemispherical shape, a trapezoidal optical element 140 is formed.

In the above, an example of the manufacturing steps of the display device 1 has been described. Next, the arrangement relationship between the light-emitting element and the optical element will be described. 5A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship of the pixel and the optical element in the first structural example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 5B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element.

In the example shown in FIG. 5A , four light-emitting elements PX are arranged substantially square to form one pixel. In the figure, the light-emitting element PX for red display is arranged at the upper left, the light-emitting element PX for blue display is arranged at the lower left and upper right, and the light-emitting element PX for green display is arranged at the lower right. The light-emitting element PX for red display, the light-emitting element PX for green display, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display each have a rectangular light-emitting surface. In addition, the part of the light-emitting surface of each light-emitting element PX is shown by hatching with an oblique line. The same applies to other drawings described later.

Moreover, the group including the light-emitting element PX for red display, the light-emitting element PX for green display, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display is arranged in a rectangular shape as a whole.

One optical element 140 is provided corresponding to each light-emitting element PX. The top of the light-emitting element PX is covered by an optical element 140. The aforementioned optical element 140 includes a portion of the shape along the side of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface extending outside the region of the light-emitting surface. In FIG. 5A , the dotted line represents the side of the light-emitting surface, and the one-dot chain line represents the side of the bottom surface of the optical element 140 . The same applies to other drawings described later.

The cross section of each optical element 140 is all trapezoidal, showing the appearance as shown in FIG. 5B . Each optical element 140 can completely cover the light-emitting surface, so that more light from the organic film can be incident on the optical element 140 . Thereby, the extraction efficiency of light can be improved. In this way, it is possible to obtain a display device having a structure in which an optical element is provided above the light-emitting element, and the extraction efficiency of light can be improved.

In addition, in FIG. 5B, although the cross section of each optical element 140 is shown as an example of the case where all the trapezoid shape is carried out, it is only an example. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A , the cross section of each optical element 140 may be semicircular, or as shown in FIG. 6B , the cross section may be a mixture of trapezoidal and semicircular.

The arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the first configuration example has been described above. Next, the arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the second configuration example will be described.

FIG. 7A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a second configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 7B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element.

In the example shown in FIG. 7A , three light-emitting elements PX are arranged substantially square to form one pixel. In the figure, the light-emitting element PX for red display is arranged on the upper left, the light-emitting element PX for green display is arranged on the lower left, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display is arranged on the right side. The side extending in the Y direction of the light-emitting element PX for blue display is a long side corresponding to the length of the side of the light-emitting element PX for red display and the side of the display element PX for green display. The light-emitting element PX for red display, the light-emitting element PX for green display, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display each have a rectangular light-emitting surface.

In the second configuration example, the group including the light-emitting element PX for red display, the light-emitting element PX for green display, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display is also arranged in a rectangular shape as a whole.

One optical element 140 is provided corresponding to each light-emitting element PX. The top of the light-emitting element PX is covered by an optical element 140. The aforementioned optical element 140 includes a portion of the shape along the side of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface extending outside the region of the light-emitting surface.

The cross section of each optical element 140 is all trapezoidal, showing the appearance as shown in FIG. 7B . Each optical element 140 can completely cover the light-emitting surface, so that more light from the organic film can be incident on the optical element 140 . Thereby, the extraction efficiency of light can be improved.

In addition, in FIG. 7B, although the cross section of each optical element 140 is shown as an example of the case where all the trapezoid shapes are carried out, this is only an example. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A , each optical element 140 may have a semicircular cross-section, or as shown in FIG. 8B , a trapezoidal cross-section and a semicircular cross-section may coexist.

The arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the second configuration example has been described above. Next, the arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the third configuration example will be described.

FIG. 9A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a third configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 9B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element.

The third configuration example is a modification of the second configuration example, and is a configuration in which the light-emitting portion of the light-emitting element PX for blue display is divided. Specifically, for the light-emitting element PX for blue display, the first electrode 111 shown in FIG. 3 is divided and arranged.

The light-emitting element PX for red display and the light-emitting element PX for green display are provided so as to correspond to one optical element 140 respectively. For the light-emitting element PX for blue display, an independent optical element 140 is arranged in each of the two light-emitting parts ELP corresponding to the divided first electrodes 111 .

The cross section of each optical element 140 is all trapezoidal, showing the appearance as shown in FIG. 7B . In addition, similarly to the above-mentioned other structural examples, the cross section of each optical element 140 may be all semicircular, or a trapezoidal cross-section and a semicircular cross-section may coexist.

The arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the third configuration example has been described above. Next, the arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the fourth configuration example will be described.

10A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a fourth configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 10B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element.

In the example shown in FIG. 10A , three light-emitting elements PX are arranged in a substantially triangular shape to form one pixel. The fourth configuration example is a so-called triangular arrangement, in which the light-emitting element PX for blue display is arranged at the top, the light-emitting element PX for green display is arranged at the lower left, and the light-emitting element PX for red display is arranged at the lower right. The light-emitting element PX for red display, the light-emitting element PX for green display, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display each have a regular hexagonal light-emitting surface.

One optical element 140 is provided corresponding to each light-emitting element PX. The top of the light-emitting element PX is covered by an optical element 140. The aforementioned optical element 140 includes a portion of the shape along the side of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface extending outside the region of the light-emitting surface.

The cross section of each optical element 140 is all trapezoidal, showing the appearance as shown in FIG. 10B . In addition, similarly to the above-mentioned other structural examples, the cross section of each optical element 140 may be all semicircular, or a trapezoidal cross-section and a semicircular cross-section may coexist.

The arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the fourth configuration example has been described above. Next, the arrangement relationship between the pixels and the optical elements in the fifth configuration example will be described.

FIG. 11A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a fifth configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 11B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. FIG. 12A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in the fifth configuration example, following FIG. 11 . FIG. 12B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element.

The fifth configuration example is a modification of the second configuration example, and is a configuration in which a plurality of optical elements are arranged in a light-emitting element PX for displaying a specific color (here, the light-emitting element PX for displaying a blue color).

The second configuration example has also been described, but the light-emitting element PX for blue display has a rectangular light-emitting surface. Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 11A , two optical elements 140 are arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the light emitting surface (the Y direction in the figure). The cross section of each optical element 140 is all trapezoidal, showing the appearance as shown in FIG. 11B . Moreover, in the example shown in FIG. 12A, three optical elements 140 are arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction (Y direction in the figure) of the light emitting surface. The cross section of each optical element 140 is all trapezoidal, showing the appearance as shown in FIG. 12B . In addition, similarly to the above-mentioned other structural examples, the cross section of each optical element 140 may be all semicircular, or a trapezoidal cross-section and a semicircular cross-section may coexist.

The arrangement of several optical elements 140 in the light-emitting element PX for displaying a specific color basically only needs to be appropriately set by experiments, etc. in consideration of the light extraction efficiency.

FIG. 13A is a schematic plan view for explaining the long side and the short side of the rectangular light-emitting surface. 13B is a schematic diagram for explaining the relationship between the size of the long side and the number of optical elements when the light extraction efficiency is maximized.

As shown in FIG. 13A , the length of the long side of the rectangular light-emitting surface is represented by the symbol L, and the length of the short side is represented by the symbol W. The symbol LA shows the area where the optical element can be configured. The inventors of the present invention used optical simulation to set the value of the length L of various long sides, and obtained the number of optical elements 140 (the number of divisions) at which the light extraction efficiency becomes the highest at this time. The graphed results are shown in Figure 13B.

The graph shown in Figure 13B is a linear function with a Y-intercept of about 0.1 and a slope of about 0.38. Therefore, there is basically a tendency that the longer the length L of the long side is, the larger the number of optical elements (the number of divisions) is. In the case where the length L of the long side is, for example, 8 μm, it is preferable to arrange three optical elements 140 in terms of light extraction efficiency. In addition, when the length L of the long side is, for example, 13 μm, it is preferable to arrange five optical elements 140 .

In addition, in the case where the length L of the long side and the length W of the short side of the rectangular light-emitting surface are not so different, a configuration in which the optical element 140 is divided and arranged in each of the long side direction and the short side direction is also considered. 14A is a schematic plan view for explaining the state of the optical element which is divided and arranged in the long-side direction and the short-side direction, respectively, in the rectangular light-emitting surface. FIG. 14B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element.

[Second Embodiment] The second embodiment also relates to the display device and the electronic apparatus of the present disclosure.

15 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of the display device according to the second embodiment. The schematic plan view for explaining the display device according to the second embodiment may only be changed from the display device 1 to the display device 2 in FIG. 1 .

In the first embodiment, the color filter is arranged between the light-emitting element and the optical element. In view of this, in the second embodiment, the color filter is arranged above the optical element.

The optical element 240 is disposed above the light-emitting element PX through the filling layer 224 including the transparent material. However, unlike 1st Embodiment, it arrange|positions so that it may become the shape which protrudes toward the light-emitting element PX side.

That is, the top of the light-emitting element PX is covered by the optical element 240. The aforementioned optical element 240 is independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element PX, and includes a portion of the shape along the side of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has an area extending to the light-emitting surface. outer upper surface. The color filter 130 is disposed on the optical element 240 and the filling layer 224 . FIG. 15 shows an example in which the cross-section of the optical element 240 is a trapezoid. In addition, like the first embodiment, the cross section of the optical element 240 may be semicircular. FIG. 16 shows an example in which the cross section of the optical element 240 is semicircular.

The arrangement relationship between the light-emitting element PX and the optical element 240 can be appropriately changed except for the relationship between the bottom surface and the upper surface of the optical element 240, as long as the content explained with reference to FIGS.

[Third Embodiment and Various Variations] The third embodiment also relates to the display device and the electronic apparatus of the present disclosure.

17 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of the display device according to the third embodiment. The schematic plan view for explaining the display device of the third embodiment may only be replaced by the display device 3 in FIG. 1 .

Like the display device of the first embodiment, in the display device of the third embodiment, the light-emitting element also includes a light-emitting portion including an organic electroluminescent element. However, in the display device of the third embodiment, the light-emitting element has a resonator structure that resonates light.

The configuration of the display device 3 will be described. Like the display device 1 of the first embodiment, the display device 3 includes a substrate 100 and light-emitting elements PX arranged in a matrix on the substrate 100 . In addition, unlike the display device 1 , in the display device 3 , on the substrate 100 , a reflective film ML made of, for example, aluminum or the like is formed at a position corresponding to each light-emitting portion ELP.

The light-emitting portion ELP including the organic electroluminescent element is formed by sequentially laminating the organic layer 120 including the light-emitting layer and the second electrode 421 on the first electrode 411 provided for each light-emitting element PX. In addition, the first electrode 411 includes, for example, a transparent conductive material such as ITO. A partition wall portion 112 containing an insulating material is provided between the respective adjacent first electrodes 411 .

On the entire surface including the first electrode 411 and the partition wall portion 112 , the organic layer 120 including the light-emitting layer and the second electrode 421 are laminated in this order. The organic layer 120 is formed to emit white light. In addition, the second electrode 421 includes a semi-permeable conductive material such as a metal thin film. The protective layer 122 and the planarization layer 123 are formed on the second electrode 421 . The optical element 140 described in the first embodiment is formed on the planarization layer 123 .

The resonator structure is formed by a microcavity structure realized by making the optical path length between the reflective film ML and the second electrode 421 different for each display color. For example, the substrate constituting the reflective film ML can be formed by laminating a plurality of material layers, and the optical path length can be adjusted by varying the number of layers of the substrate according to the type of the pixel PX. The light of a specific wavelength in the white light of the organic layer 120 can be emphasized and extracted by the resonator structure. Therefore, the display device of the third embodiment can basically perform color display without using a color filter.

Various changes can be made in the display device of the third embodiment. Hereinafter, a modified example will be described.

18 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of a display device according to a first modification of the third embodiment.

The display device 3A shown in FIG. 18 is further provided with a color corresponding to the light-emitting element PX for red display, the light-emitting element PX for green display, and the light-emitting element PX for blue display, in contrast to the display device 3 shown in FIG. 17 . The composition of the filter.

Due to the characteristics of the resonator structure, the wavelength of light extracted from the light-emitting element PX for each display color slightly fluctuates. Therefore, in fact, there may be some color mixing in the display color of the light-emitting element PX. Therefore, by providing a color filter corresponding to the display color, the color purity can be improved.

19 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of a display device according to a second modification of the third embodiment.

The display device 3B shown in FIG. 19 has a configuration in which a color filter corresponding to the light-emitting element PX for red display is further provided with respect to the display device 3 shown in FIG. 17 . In addition, in the example shown in the figure, the light-emitting element PX for green display and the light-emitting element PX for blue display are arranged with a color filter 130 _T including a colorless and transparent material.

Basically, the longer the wavelength, the easier it is to cause color mixing of the light extracted by the resonator structure. For this reason, in the display device 3B, only the red color filter 130 _R corresponding to the light-emitting element PX for red display emitting red light with a relatively long wavelength is arranged.

In the display device of the third embodiment including the above-mentioned various modifications, the arrangement relationship between the light-emitting element PX and the optical element 140 can be appropriately changed as long as the content explained with reference to FIGS. Moreover, in the display device of 3rd Embodiment, like 2nd Embodiment, the structure which arrange|positions an optical element between a light-emitting element and a color filter can also be employ|adopted.

[Description of electronic equipment] The display device of the present disclosure described above can be used as a display unit (display device) of electronic devices in all fields in which image signals input to electronic devices or image signals generated in electronic devices are displayed as images or images. . For example, it can be used as a display unit of a television, a digital still camera, a notebook personal computer, a mobile terminal device of a mobile phone, a video camera, a head-mounted display (head-mounted display), or the like.

The display device of the present disclosure also includes a sealed constituted module shape. In addition, a circuit portion, a flexible printed circuit (FPC), or the like for inputting and outputting signals and the like from the outside to the light-emitting region may be provided in the display module. Hereinafter, as specific examples of electronic equipment using the display device of the present disclosure, a digital still camera and a head-mounted display are used. However, the specific example illustrated here is only an example, and it is not limited to this.

(Specific example 1) FIG. 20 is an external view of a lens-exchangeable single-lens reflex digital still camera, and FIG. 20A shows its front view, and FIG. 20B shows its rear view. The lens interchangeable single-lens reflex digital still camera has, for example, an interchangeable photographic lens unit (exchangeable lens) 512 on the front right side of the camera body (camera body) 511 , and a grip 513 for the photographer to hold on the front left side.

Furthermore, a monitor 514 is provided on the rear surface of the camera body portion 511 substantially in the center. A viewfinder (eyepiece window) 515 is provided above the monitor 514 . By observing the viewfinder 515, the photographer can visually recognize the light image of the subject guided by the photographing lens unit 512, and then decides the composition.

In the lens-exchangeable single-lens reflex digital still camera with the above-mentioned structure, the display device of the present disclosure can be used as the viewfinder 515 . That is, the lens-exchangeable single-lens reflex digital still camera of this example can be fabricated by using the display device of the present disclosure as the viewfinder 515 .

(Concrete example 2) FIG. 21 is an external view of the head-mounted display. For example, the head-mounted display has ear hooks 612 on both sides of the glasses-shaped display portion 611 for being mounted on the user's head. In the head-mounted display, the display device of the present disclosure can be used as the display portion 611 . That is, the head-mounted display of this example can be fabricated by using the display device of the present disclosure as the display portion 611 .

(Specific example 3) FIG. 22 is an external view of a see-through head-mounted display. The see-through head-mounted display 711 is composed of a main body portion 712 , an arm 713 , and a lens barrel 714 .

The body portion 712 is connected to the arm 713 and the glasses 700 . Specifically, an end in the longitudinal direction of the body portion 712 is coupled to the arm 713 , and one side of the side surface of the body portion 712 is coupled to the glasses 700 via a connecting member. In addition, the body portion 712 can be directly mounted on the head of the human body.

The main body portion 712 incorporates a control board and a display portion for controlling the operation of the see-through head-mounted display 711 . The arm 713 connects the main body portion 712 to the lens barrel 714 and supports the lens barrel 714 . Specifically, the arm 713 is coupled to the end of the main body portion 712 and the end of the lens barrel 714 to fix the lens barrel 714 . In addition, the arm 713 has a built-in signal line for communicating data related to the image supplied from the main body portion 712 to the lens barrel 714 .

The lens barrel 714 projects the image light provided from the body portion 712 through the arm 713 through the eyepiece toward the eyes of the user wearing the see-through head-mounted display 711 . In the see-through head-mounted display 711 , the display device of the present disclosure can be used for the display portion of the main body portion 712 .

In addition, the effects described in this specification are merely illustrative and not limited in the end, and other effects may be provided.

[Application example] The techniques of the present disclosure can be applied to a variety of products. For example, the technology of the present disclosure can be implemented to be mounted on automobiles, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, locomotives, bicycles, personal mobility devices, airplanes, drones, ships, robots, construction machines, agricultural machines (traction machines), and the like Any kind of moving body device.

FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system 7000 as an example of a moving body control system to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied. The vehicle control system 7000 includes a plurality of electronic control units connected via a communication network 7010 . In the example shown in FIG. 23 , the vehicle control system 7000 includes a drive system control unit 7100 , a vehicle body system control unit 7200 , a battery control unit 7300 , an exterior information detection unit 7400 , an interior information detection unit 7500 , and an integrated control unit 7600. The communication network 7010 connecting the plurality of control units can be, for example, CAN (Controller Area Network), LIN (Local Interconnect Network), LAN (Local Area Network) or based on In-vehicle communication network of any specification such as FlexRay (registered trademark).

Each control unit includes: a microcomputer that performs arithmetic processing according to various programs, a memory section that stores programs executed by the microcomputer or parameters used for various operations, and a drive circuit that drives various control objects. Each control unit is provided with a network I/F for communicating with other control units via the communication network 7010, and is provided with wired or wireless communication with devices or sensors inside and outside the vehicle. Communication I/F for communication. In FIG. 23, as the functional structure of the integrated control unit 7600, the diagram shows: a microcomputer 7610, a general-purpose communication I/F 7620, a dedicated communication I/F 7630, a positioning unit 7640, a beacon receiving unit 7650, and an in-vehicle device I/ F 7660, audio and image output unit 7670, in-vehicle network I/F 7680, and storage unit 7690. The other control units are also equipped with a microcomputer, communication I/F, and memory section.

The drive system control unit 7100 controls the actions of devices associated with the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs. For example, the drive system control unit 7100 functions as a driving force generator for generating a driving force of a vehicle, such as an internal combustion engine or a driving motor, a driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the driving force to the wheels, a steering mechanism for adjusting the rudder angle of the vehicle, And the control device such as the braking device that generates the braking force of the vehicle functions. The drive system control unit 7100 may also function as a control device such as ABS (Antilock Brake System) or ESC (Electronic Stability Control).

The vehicle state detection unit 7110 is connected to the drive system control unit 7100 . The vehicle state detection unit 7110 includes, for example, a gyro sensor for detecting the angular velocity of the rotational motion of the axis of the vehicle body, an acceleration sensor for detecting the acceleration of the vehicle, or for detecting the operation amount of the accelerator pedal and the operation of the brake pedal. At least one of the sensors of the amount, steering angle of the steering wheel, the number of engine revolutions, or the rotational speed of the vehicle. The drive system control unit 7100 performs arithmetic processing using the signal input from the vehicle state detection unit 7110, and controls the internal combustion engine, the drive motor, the electric power steering device, the brake device, and the like.

The vehicle body system control unit 7200 controls the operations of various devices provided in the vehicle body according to various programs. For example, the vehicle body system control unit 7200 functions as a control device for a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or various lights such as headlights, tail lights, brake lights, turn signals, and fog lights. In this case, radio waves or signals from various switches can be input to the vehicle body system control unit 7200 from a portable computer that replaces the key. The vehicle body system control unit 7200 accepts the input of these radio waves or signals, and controls the door lock device, the power window device, the lights, etc. of the vehicle.

The battery control unit 7300 controls the secondary battery 7310 , which is a power supply source for the driving motor, in accordance with various programs. For example, the battery control unit 7300 inputs information such as battery temperature, battery output voltage, or remaining capacity of the battery from the battery device including the secondary battery 7310 . The battery control unit 7300 performs arithmetic processing using these signals, and controls the temperature adjustment of the secondary battery 7310, the control of the cooling device included in the battery device, and the like.

The outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 detects information outside the vehicle on which the vehicle control system 7000 is mounted. For example, at least one of the camera unit 7410 and the outside vehicle information detection unit 7420 is connected to the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 . The imaging unit 7410 includes at least one of a ToF (Time Of Flight) camera, a stereo camera, a monocular camera, an infrared camera, and other cameras. The external information detection unit 7420 includes, for example, an environmental sensor for detecting the current weather or weather, or a surrounding information detection for detecting other vehicles, obstacles, pedestrians, etc. around the vehicle equipped with the vehicle control system 7000 at least one of the sensors.

The environmental sensor may be, for example, at least one of a raindrop sensor for detecting rain, a fog sensor for detecting fog, a sunshine sensor for detecting the degree of sunshine, and a snow sensor for detecting snowfall. The surrounding information detection sensor may be at least one of an ultrasonic sensor, a radar device, and a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging, Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging, LIDAR) device. The camera unit 7410 and the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7420 may be provided as separate sensors or devices, or may be provided as devices integrating a plurality of sensors or devices.

Here, FIG. 24 shows an example of the installation positions of the imaging unit 7410 and the outside information detection unit 7420 . The camera units 7910 , 7912 , 7914 , 7916 , and 7918 are disposed at, for example, at least one of the front protrusions, rear mirrors, rear bumpers, rear doors, and the upper part of the windshield in the vehicle 7900 of the vehicle 7900 . The imaging unit 7910 provided on the nose of the vehicle and the imaging unit 7918 provided on the upper part of the windshield in the passenger compartment mainly acquire an image of the front of the vehicle 7900 . The imaging units 7912 and 7914 included in the rear-view mirror mainly acquire images of the side of the vehicle 7900 . The imaging unit 7916 provided in the rear bumper or the rear door mainly acquires an image of the rear of the vehicle 7900 . The camera unit 7918 provided on the upper part of the windshield in the passenger compartment is mainly used for the detection of vehicles ahead or pedestrians, obstacles, signs, traffic signs or lane lines.

In addition, FIG. 24 shows an example of the imaging range of each imaging part 7910,7912,7914,7916. The imaging range a represents the imaging range of the imaging part 7910 installed on the nose of the vehicle, the imaging ranges b and c represent the imaging range of the imaging parts 7912 and 7914 respectively set in the rearview mirror, and the imaging range d is set in the rear bumper or rear. The camera range of the camera section 7916 of the door. For example, by superimposing the image data captured by the imaging units 7910, 7912, 7914, and 7916, a bird's-eye view image of the vehicle 7900 viewed from above can be obtained.

The exterior information detection units 7920, 7922, 7924, 7926, 7928, and 7930 disposed in the front, rear, side, corners, and the upper part of the windshield of the vehicle 7900 may be, for example, ultrasonic sensors or radar devices. . The exterior information detection parts 7920 , 7926 , and 7930 disposed on the front bumper, the rear bumper, the tailgate, and the upper part of the windshield of the vehicle 7900 may be, for example, LIDAR devices. The outside information detection units 7920 to 7930 are mainly used for detection of vehicles ahead, pedestrians or obstacles.

Returning to FIG. 23, the description is continued. The outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 enables the camera unit 7410 to capture an image outside the vehicle, and receives the captured image data. In addition, the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 receives detection information from the connected outside vehicle information detection unit 7420 . When the outside vehicle information detection unit 7420 is an ultrasonic sensor, a radar device or a LIDAR device, the outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 transmits ultrasonic waves or electromagnetic waves, etc., and receives the information of the received reflected waves. The out-of-vehicle information detection unit 7400 can perform object detection processing or distance detection processing of people, vehicles, obstacles, signs, or characters on the road based on the received information. The outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 can perform environmental identification processing of identifying rainfall, fog or road conditions based on the received information. The outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 can calculate the distance from the object outside the vehicle based on the received information.

In addition, the outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 may perform image recognition processing or distance detection processing for recognizing people, vehicles, obstacles, signs, or characters on the road based on the received image data. The outside vehicle information detection unit 7400 can perform deformation correction or alignment processing on the received image data, and synthesize the image data captured by different camera units 7410 to generate a bird's-eye view image or a panoramic image. The outside-vehicle information detection unit 7400 can perform viewpoint conversion processing using image data captured by different camera units 7410 .

The in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 detects in-vehicle information. The in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 is connected to, for example, a driver state detection unit 7510 that detects the state of the driver. The driver state detection unit 7510 may include a camera for photographing the driver, a biometric sensor for detecting the driver's biometric information, or a microphone for collecting sound in the vehicle. The biometric sensor is installed on a seat surface or a steering wheel, for example, and detects biometric information of a passenger sitting in the seat or a driver holding the steering wheel. The in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 can calculate the driver's degree of fatigue or concentration based on the detection information input from the driver's state detection unit 7510, and can also determine whether the driver is dozing off. The in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 can perform processing such as noise elimination processing on the collected sound signal.

The integrated control unit 7600 controls the entire operation of the vehicle control system 7000 according to various programs. The input unit 7800 is connected to the integrated control unit 7600 . The input unit 7800 can be implemented by, for example, a touch panel, a button, a microphone, a switch, or a joystick, and other devices that can be input and operated by a passenger. Data obtained by sound recognition of the sound input from the microphone can be input to the integrated control unit 7600 . The input unit 7800 can be, for example, a remote control device using infrared rays or other radio waves, or an externally connected device such as a mobile phone or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) corresponding to the operation of the vehicle control system 7000 . The input part 7800 can be, for example, a camera, and at this time, the passenger can input information using gestures. Alternatively, data obtained by detecting movement of a wearable device worn by the passenger may be entered. Furthermore, the input unit 7800 may include, for example, an input control circuit or the like that generates an input signal based on the information input by the passenger or the like using the above-mentioned input unit 7800 and outputs it to the integrated control unit 7600 . By operating the input unit 7800, a passenger or the like inputs various data to the vehicle control system 7000 or instructs processing operations.

The memory unit 7690 may include: ROM (Read Only Memory) for storing various programs executed by the microcomputer, and RAM (Random Access Memory) for storing various parameters, operation results or sensor values, etc. body). In addition, the memory unit 7690 may be realized by a magnetic memory device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), a semiconductor memory device, an optical memory device, a magneto-optical memory device, or the like.

The general-purpose communication I/F 7620 is a general-purpose communication I/F that mediates communication with various machines existing in the external environment 7750. Universal communication I/F 7620 can be installed with GSM (registered trademark) (Global System of Mobile communications, global mobile communications system), WiMAX (registered trademark), LTE (registered trademark) (Long Term Evolution, long term evolution technology) or LTE- A (LTE-Advanced, Advanced Long Term Evolution) and other cellular communication protocols, or wireless LAN (also known as Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), Bluetooth (registered trademark) and other wireless communication protocols. The universal communication I/F 7620, for example, can communicate with machines (such as application servers or control servers) that exist on external networks (such as the Internet, cloud networks, or company-specific networks) via base stations or access points. )connect. In addition, the general-purpose communication I/F 7620 can utilize, for example, P2P (Peer To Peer) technology to communicate with terminals existing near the vehicle (such as drivers, pedestrians, or shops), or MTC (Machine Type Communication) ) terminal) connection.

The dedicated communication I/F 7630 supports the communication I/F of the communication protocol established for the purpose of using the vehicle. For example, the dedicated communication I/F 7630 can be equipped with a combination of IEEE802.11p of the lower layer and IEEE1609 of the upper layer, namely WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicle Environment), DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications, dedicated short range communication) communication), or standard protocols such as the cellular protocol. The dedicated communication I/F 7630 typically performs vehicle-to-vehicle (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communication, vehicle-to-home (Vehicle to Home) communication, And the V2X communication of more than one concept in the communication between vehicle and pedestrian (Vehicle to Pedestrian).

The positioning unit 7640, for example, receives a GNSS signal from a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite (eg, a GPS signal from a GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite) to perform a positioning, and generates a latitude including the vehicle's latitude, Longitude and altitude location information. In addition, the positioning unit 7640 can specify the current position by exchanging signals with the wireless access point, or can obtain position information from terminals such as mobile phones, PHS or smart phones with positioning function.

The beacon receiving unit 7650 receives radio waves or electromagnetic waves transmitted from, for example, a wireless base station installed on a road, and acquires information such as the current position, traffic congestion, prohibited passage, and required time. In addition, the function of the beacon receiving section 7650 may be included in the dedicated communication I/F 7630 described above.

The in-vehicle device I/F 7660 is a communication interface that mediates the connection between the microcomputer 7610 and various in-vehicle devices 7760 existing in the car. The in-vehicle device I/F 7660 can establish a wireless connection using wireless communication protocols such as wireless LAN, Bluetooth (registered trademark), NFC (Near Field Communication), or WUSB (Wireless USB). In addition, the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 can connect USB (Universal Serial Bus, Universal Serial Bus), HDMI (registered trademark) (High- Wired connection such as Definition Multimedia Interface), or MHL (Mobile High-definition Link, mobile high-definition link). The in-vehicle machine 7760 may include, for example, at least one of a mobile machine or a wearable machine owned by a passenger, or an information machine carried into or installed in the vehicle. Still further, the in-vehicle device 7760 may include a navigation device for exploring a route to an arbitrary destination. The in-vehicle device I/F 7660 exchanges control signals or data signals with the in-vehicle devices 7760 .

The in-vehicle network I/F 7680 is an interface that mediates the communication between the microcomputer 7610 and the communication network 7010 . The in-vehicle network I/F 7680 transmits and receives signals and the like according to a specific protocol supported by the communication network 7010 .

The microcomputer 7610 of the integrated control unit 7600 is based on the general-purpose communication I/F 7620, the dedicated communication I/F 7630, the positioning part 7640, the beacon receiving part 7650, the in-vehicle equipment I/F 7660 and the in-vehicle network I/F 7680. The information obtained by at least one of them controls the vehicle control system 7000 according to various programs. For example, the microcomputer 7610 can calculate the control target value of the driving force generating device, the steering mechanism or the braking device based on the obtained information inside and outside the vehicle, and output a control command to the driving system control unit 7100 . For example, the microcomputer 7610 can implement ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, following driving based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintaining driving, vehicle collision warning, or vehicle lane departure warning, etc. Auxiliary system) functions for the purpose of coordinated control. In addition, the microcomputer 7610 can control the driving force generating device, the steering mechanism, the braking device, etc. based on the acquired information about the surroundings of the vehicle, and can perform coordination for the purpose of autonomous driving, etc., for autonomous driving without relying on the driver's operation. control.

The microcomputer 7610 can be obtained through at least one of the general-purpose communication I/F 7620, the dedicated communication I/F 7630, the positioning unit 7640, the beacon receiving unit 7650, the in-vehicle device I/F 7660 and the in-vehicle network I/F 7680 The information obtained from the information generates three-dimensional distance information between the vehicle and surrounding objects such as structures or people, and generates local map information including the surrounding information of the current position of the vehicle. In addition, the microcomputer 7610 can predict dangers such as collision of vehicles, approaching of pedestrians or the like, or approaching of prohibited roads, etc., based on the obtained information, and generate a warning signal. The warning signal may be, for example, a signal for generating a warning sound or lighting a warning lamp.

The audio-visual output section 7670 transmits an output signal of at least one of audio and image to an output device that can visually or audibly notify the occupants of the vehicle or the outside of the vehicle. In the example of FIG. 23, the audio speaker 7710, the display part 7720, and the instrument panel 7730 are illustrated as an output device. The display portion 7720 may include, for example, at least one of an in-vehicle display and a head-up display. The display unit 7720 may have an AR (Augmented Reality) display function. The output device may be a headset other than these devices, wearable devices such as glasses-type displays worn by passengers, projectors, lamps and other devices. When the output device is a display device, the display device visually displays the results obtained by various processing performed by the microcomputer 7610 or the information received from other control units in various forms such as text, images, tables, and figures. In addition, when the output device is an audio output device, the audio output device converts the audio signal including the played audio data or audio data into an analog signal and outputs it audibly.

In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 23, at least two control units connected via the communication network 7010 may be integrated as one control unit. Alternatively, each control unit may be constituted by a plurality of control units. Furthermore, the vehicle control system 7000 may include other control units not shown. In addition, in the above description, other control units may have a part or all of the functions performed by any control unit. That is, if information is sent and received through the communication network 7010, specific arithmetic processing can be performed by any control unit. Likewise, it is feasible that the sensor or device connected to any control unit is connected to other control units, and the plurality of control units send and receive detection information to each other through the communication network 7010 .

The technology of the present disclosure can be applied to, for example, a display portion of an output device that can notify information visually or audibly in the configuration as described above.

[other] In addition, the technology of the present disclosure can also employ the following configurations.

[A1] A display device comprising light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix; and The light-emitting element has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape; The top of the light-emitting element is covered by an optical element. The optical element is independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element, and includes a portion of the shape along the edge of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface or an upper surface extending beyond the area of the light-emitting surface. [A2] The display device according to the above [A1], wherein the cross-sectional shape of the optical element when cut along an imaginary plane perpendicular to the light-emitting element is a trapezoid or a semicircle. [A3] The display device according to the above [A1] or [A2], wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element has a rectangular shape or a regular hexagonal shape. [A4] The display device according to any one of the above [A1] to [A3], wherein at least one optical element is provided for each light-emitting element. [A5] The display device according to any one of the above [A1] to [A4], wherein the display device includes at least a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display. [A6] The display device according to the above [A5], wherein each light-emitting element used for displaying a specific color is set to correspond to a plurality of optical elements. [A7] The display device according to the above [A6], wherein the light-emitting element for displaying a specific color has a rectangular light-emitting surface; and A plurality of optical elements are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the light-emitting surface. [A8] The display device according to the above [A6] or [A7], wherein each light-emitting element for blue display is set to correspond to a plurality of optical elements. [A9] The display device according to any one of the above [A5] to [A8], wherein the group including the light-emitting element for red display, the light-emitting element for green display, and the light-emitting element for blue display is arranged in a rectangular shape as a whole. [A10] The display device according to any one of the above [A5] to [A9], wherein the display device further includes a color filter corresponding to the display color. [A11] The display device according to the above [A10], wherein the color filter is disposed between the light-emitting element and the optical element. [A12] The display device according to the above [A10], wherein the color filter is disposed above the optical element. [A13] The display device according to the above [A1] to [A12], wherein the light-emitting element includes a light-emitting portion including an organic electroluminescent element. [A14] The display device according to the above [A13], wherein the light-emitting element has a resonator structure that resonates light. [A15] The display device according to the above [A14], wherein the display device further includes a color filter corresponding to the light-emitting element for red display. [A16] The display device according to the above [A14], wherein the display device further includes color filters corresponding to the light-emitting element for red display, the light-emitting element for green display, and the light-emitting element for blue display.

[B1] An electronic apparatus including a display device including light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix; and The light-emitting element has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape; The top of the light-emitting element is covered by an optical element. The optical element is independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element, and includes a portion of the shape along the edge of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface or an upper surface extending beyond the area of the light-emitting surface. [B2] The electronic device according to the above [B1], wherein the cross-sectional shape of the optical element when cut along an imaginary plane perpendicular to the light-emitting element is a trapezoid or a semicircle. [B3] The electronic device according to the above [B1] or [B2], wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element is in a rectangular shape or a regular hexagonal shape. [B4] The electronic apparatus according to any one of the above [B1] to [B3], wherein at least one optical element is provided for each light-emitting element. [B5] The electronic apparatus according to any one of the above [B1] to [B4], wherein the display device includes at least a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display. [B6] The electronic device according to the above-mentioned [B5], wherein each light-emitting element for displaying a certain specific color is arranged to correspond to a plurality of optical elements. [B7] The electronic device according to the above [B6], wherein the light-emitting element for displaying a specific color has a rectangular light-emitting surface; and A plurality of optical elements are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the light-emitting surface. [B8] The electronic device according to the above [B6] or [B7], wherein each light-emitting element for blue display is provided with a plurality of optical elements correspondingly. [B9] The electronic apparatus according to any one of the above [B5] to [B8], wherein the group including the light-emitting element for red display, the light-emitting element for green display, and the light-emitting element for blue display is arranged in a rectangular shape as a whole. [B10] The electronic apparatus according to any one of the above [B5] to [B9], wherein the display device further includes a color filter corresponding to the display color. [B11] The electronic device according to the above [B10], wherein the color filter is disposed between the light-emitting element and the optical element. [B12] The electronic apparatus according to the above [B10], wherein the color filter is disposed above the optical element. [B13] The electronic apparatus according to the above [B1] to [B12], wherein the light-emitting element includes a light-emitting portion including an organic electroluminescent element. [B14] The electronic device according to the above [B13], wherein the light-emitting element has a resonator structure that resonates light. [B15] The electronic apparatus according to the above [B14], wherein the display device further includes a color filter corresponding to the light-emitting element for red display. [B16] The electronic apparatus according to the above [B14], wherein the display device further includes a color filter corresponding to the light-emitting element for red display, the light-emitting element for green display, and the light-emitting element for blue display.

1, 2, 3, 3A, 3B: Display device 11: Horizontal drive circuit 12: Vertical drive circuit 100: Substrate 111, 411: First electrode 112: Partition wall 120: Organic layer 121, 421: Second electrode 122: Protective layer 123: Flattening layers 130, 130 _B , 130 _G , 130 _R , 130 _T : Color filters 140, 240: Optical element 224: Filling layer 511: Camera body part (camera body) 512: Photographic lens unit (exchangeable lens) 513: Grip part 514: Monitor 515: Viewfinder (eyepiece window) 611: Glasses-shaped display 612: Ear hook 700: Glasses 711: See-through head-mounted display 712: Main body 713: Arm 714: Lens barrel 7000: Vehicle control System 7010: Communication network 7100: Drive system control unit 7110: Vehicle state detection unit 7200: Vehicle body system control unit 7300: Battery control unit 7310: Secondary battery 7400: Vehicle information detection unit 7410, 7910, 7912, 7914, 7916, 7918: Camera section 7420: Vehicle information detection section 7500: Vehicle information detection unit 7510: Driver status detection section 7600: Integrated control unit 7610: Microcomputer 7620: Universal communication I/F 7630: Special communication I/F 7640: Positioning Part 7650: Beacon receiving part 7660: In-vehicle device I/F 7670: Audio and image output part 7680: In-vehicle network I/F 7690: Memory part 7710: Audio speaker 7720: Display part 7730: Dashboard 7750: External environment 7760 : In-vehicle device 7800: Input unit 7900: Vehicle 7920, 7922, 7924, 7926, 7928, 7930: Exterior information detection unit a, b, c, d: Imaging range B: Light-emitting element C _EL : Capacitance C _S of the light-emitting unit : Capacitance part DTL: Signal line/data line ELP: Light-emitting element G: Light-emitting element L: Long side length LA: Area where optical elements can be arranged ML: Reflective film PS1 _m : Feeding line PS2: Common feeding line PX: Light-emitting element /pixel R: light-emitting element SCL: light-emitting TR _D : driving transistor TR _W : writing transistor V _CC : power supply voltage W: length of short side X, Y, Z: direction

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view for explaining the display device of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram for explaining the configuration of the light-emitting element. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the configuration of the display device. FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of the display device, following FIG. 3 . 5A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship of the pixel and the optical element in the first structural example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 5B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. 6A and 6B are schematic perspective views for explaining the shape of the optical element following FIG. 5B . FIG. 7A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a second configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 7B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. 8A and 8B are schematic perspective views for explaining the shape of the optical element following FIG. 7B . FIG. 9A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a third configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 9B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. 10A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a fourth configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 10B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. FIG. 11A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in a fifth configuration example including a plurality of light-emitting elements. FIG. 11B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. FIG. 12A is a schematic partial plan view for explaining the arrangement relationship between pixels and optical elements in the fifth configuration example, following FIG. 11A . FIG. 12B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. FIG. 13A is a schematic plan view for explaining the long side and the short side of the rectangular light-emitting surface. 13B is a schematic diagram for explaining the relationship between the size of the long side and the number of optical elements when the light extraction efficiency is maximized. FIG. 14A is a schematic plan view for explaining a state in which optical elements divided in the long-side direction and the short-side direction are arranged on a rectangular light-emitting surface. FIG. 14B is a schematic perspective view for explaining the shape of the optical element. 15 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of the display device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 16 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of the display device, following FIG. 15 . 17 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of the display device according to the third embodiment. 18 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of a display device according to a first modification of the third embodiment. 19 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a substrate and the like for explaining the structure of a display device according to a second modification of the third embodiment. FIG. 20 is an external view of a lens-exchangeable single-lens reflex digital still camera, and FIG. 20A shows its front view, and FIG. 20B shows its rear view. FIG. 21 is an external view of the head-mounted display. FIG. 22 is an external view of a see-through head-mounted display. FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a vehicle control system. FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the installation positions of the outside-vehicle information detection unit and the imaging unit.

130 _B , 130 _G , 130 _R : Color filter

140: Optical Components

ELP: Light Emitting Element

PX: light-emitting element/pixel

X,Y,Z: direction

Claims (17)

A display device comprising light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix; and The light-emitting element has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape; The top of the light-emitting element is covered by an optical element. The optical element is independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element, and includes a portion of the shape along the edge of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface or an upper surface extending beyond the area of the light-emitting surface. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the optical element when cut along an imaginary plane perpendicular to the light-emitting element is a trapezoid or a semicircle. The display device of claim 1, wherein the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element is in a rectangular shape or a regular hexagonal shape. The display device according to claim 1, wherein at least one optical element is provided for each light-emitting element. The display device of claim 1, wherein the display device comprises at least a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display. The display device of claim 5, wherein each light-emitting element used for displaying a certain color is set to correspond to a plurality of optical elements. The display device of claim 6, wherein the light-emitting element for displaying a specific color has a rectangular light-emitting surface; and A plurality of optical elements are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the light-emitting surface. The display device of claim 6, wherein each light-emitting element used for blue display is set to correspond to a plurality of optical elements. The display device according to claim 5, wherein a group including a light-emitting element for red display, a light-emitting element for green display, and a light-emitting element for blue display are arranged in a rectangular shape as a whole. The display device of claim 5, wherein the display device further includes a color filter corresponding to the display color. The display device of claim 10, wherein the color filter is disposed between the light-emitting element and the optical element. The display device of claim 10, wherein the color filter is disposed above the optical element. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting element includes a light-emitting portion including an organic electroluminescent element. The display device of claim 13, wherein the light-emitting element has a resonator structure that resonates light. The display device of claim 14, wherein the display device further includes a color filter corresponding to the light-emitting element for red display. The display device of claim 14, wherein the display device further comprises color filters corresponding to the light-emitting element for red display, the light-emitting element for green display, and the light-emitting element for blue display. An electronic apparatus including a display device including light-emitting elements arranged in a matrix; and The light-emitting element has a light-emitting surface with a convex polygonal shape; The top of the light-emitting element is covered by an optical element. The optical element is independently arranged corresponding to each light-emitting element, and includes a portion of the shape along the edge of the light-emitting surface, and the portion has a bottom surface or an upper surface extending beyond the area of the light-emitting surface.

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