TW202013859A - Directional silicon-steel sheet axial magnetic field motor capable of reducing the magnetic resistance of the magnetic loop and achieving the effect of reducing eddy current - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a directional silicon-steel sheet axial magnetic field motor, which comprises: a rotating shaft; a stator element including two bases and a plurality of electromagnetic elements, wherein the plurality of the electromagnetic elements are arranged at inner sides of the two bases, and each electromagnetic element is composed of an iron core and a winding; and two rotor elements arranged at outer sides of the bases of the stator element. Each rotor element is composed of a magnetic disk and a plurality of permanent magnets embedded in the magnetic disk at intervals. Each permanent magnet is in a fan shape with the N pole on one side and the S pole on the other side. Every two adjacent permanent magnets are set with the same polarity arrangement of N and N poles or S and S poles. The permanent magnets on the magnetic disk in the rotor element are arranged in the circumferential direction with opposite magnetic poles (N and S poles on one side, and S and N poles on the other side). Accordingly, when the winding of the iron core is energized, a complete magnetic loop can be formed by the iron core and its disc-shaped directional silicon-steel sheet yoke base at both ends, and the permanent magnets on both sides, so as to reduce the magnetic resistance of the magnetic loop and achieve the effect of reducing eddy current, and further decrease the iron core size and reduce the entire weight.

Description

Directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor

The invention relates to the technical field of electromechanical transmission, in particular to a directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor.

The key to the motor technology used in electric vehicles and electric aircraft is high specific power and large output power. Due to structural limitations, the existing traditional motors have very low power density under high power conditions and cannot meet the high power density requirements of electric vehicles, electric aircrafts, etc. Permanent magnet motors have the highest efficiency among all motors. The magnet uses permanent magnets without power consumption; its magnetic flux density is high and high torque is obtained, which can make the motor small and light.

Permanent magnet motors can generally be axial or radial. The advantages of axial permanent magnet (AFPM) motors over traditional radial permanent magnet motors include: high torque-to-weight ratio, high efficiency, adjustable air gap, balanced rotor and stator attraction, and better heat removal rate. They can be easily and compactly mounted on wheels, making them ideal for hubs and direct drive applications.

Axial magnetic field motors are also called "disc motors", that is, the main magnetic field and the motor along the rotation axis. Axial magnetic field motors are different from ordinary motors in that the magnetic flux direction is axial, the current-carrying conductors are placed radially, and the stator and rotor cores are of disc structure. Axial flux motors have specific positioning of magnets that lie in a plane parallel to the coil.

Conventional axial permanent magnet motors can be single-sided or double-sided, with or without armature slots, with or without armature cores, with built-in or external permanent magnet rotors, surface-mounted or internal permanent magnets, and single-stage or Multistage.

The double-sided salient pole has an outer stator or outer rotor. The external stator means fewer permanent magnets, but the use of windings is poor, and the external rotor is considered to be particularly advantageous for the machine topology. The topology of a double-sided axial permanent magnet motor is a stator with two rotors (torus) and two stators with a rotor, that is, an axial flux internal rotor (Axial Flux Internal Rotor, AFIR).

Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the conventional axial flux path and distribution. The two-sided topology includes 4 types:

(a) Axial Flux Internal Rotor (AFIR).

(b) Toroid Ally Wound Internal Stator (TORUS).

(c) Axial Flux Internal Stator (AFIS).

(d) Yokeless And Segmented Armature (YASA). In Figure 7 you can see a schematic diagram of their respective flux paths and the distribution of their main parts. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the yoke of the permanent magnet of the rotor needs to be directional, and the stator core needs to be more directional.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a stator element composed of a disk-shaped base composed of a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets to form an elongated iron core and directional silicon steel sheets stacked at both ends, and to embed a permanent magnet in a guide The directional silicon steel sheet of the magnetic disk is used as the design structure of the rotor element, thereby reducing the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, reducing the eddy current, and reducing the volume of the iron core and reducing the overall weight.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor, including a rotating shaft; certain sub-elements are connected to the rotating shaft, including two bases and a plurality of electromagnetic components, each of which The base is formed by stacking a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets to form a disc shape, and a plurality of through holes are provided at the annular interval on the base, and the plurality of electromagnetic elements are elongated iron cores composed of a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets And a winding group wound on the outer peripheral surface of the iron core, wherein the two ends of each iron core are provided with a fixing portion corresponding to the size of the through hole of the base, which can be sleeved in the through hole of the base; and two rotor elements, through After passing through the rotating shaft, they are arranged on both sides of the base of the stator element. Each rotor element is composed of two guide disks and a plurality of permanent magnets. Each guide disk has a plurality of through holes in the same compartment on the annular peripheral surface, and the permanent magnets are embedded in In the through hole, each permanent magnet is in the shape of a fan, with the N pole on one side and the S pole on the other side, and the adjacent polarity of each two permanent magnets is N, N, or S, S. The same polarity is set in the circumferential direction. The permanent magnets on the magnetic disks on the two sides of the stator element are arranged in such a way that the different magnetic poles (N, S on one side and S, N on the other side) face each other; by this, when the core winding group is energized, the iron The core and the disc-shaped silicon steel sheet base at both ends and the permanent magnets on both sides form a complete magnetic circuit, reducing the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, reducing the eddy current, and reducing the volume of the core and reducing the overall weight.

In the above directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor, the permanent magnet width L, the width (gap) △L of two adjacent permanent magnets, and the core width L _{1 are} equal to half the permanent magnet width (L/2) + two phases Adjacent to the permanent magnet width (gap) △L, L ₁ =(L/2)+△L.

In the above directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor, the iron core in the stator element, the two disk-shaped bases, and the two disk-shaped conductive disks are directional silicon steel with grain orientation along the rolling direction Sheet (also known as single-oriented silicon steel sheet or oriented silicon steel sheet), directional iron powder or directional magnetizer.

In the above-mentioned directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor, each iron core in the stator element is parallel to the center of the rotating shaft, and is uniformly distributed along the axis of the rotating shaft between two directional silicon steel sheets stacked to form a disc Shape the base on the inner circumference.

In the above directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor, the elongated iron core may be one of a square type, a rectangular type, or a circular type.

Advantages of the invention:

(1) The present invention uses an iron core formed by stacking a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets. When the iron core winding is energized, the iron core and the disk-shaped directional silicon steel sheet base at both ends and the permanent magnets on both sides can form a complete magnetic The circuit reduces the reluctance of the magnetic circuit, reduces the eddy current, and reduces the volume of the core and reduces the overall weight.

(2) In the present invention, a disk-shaped base formed by stacking a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets at both ends of the iron core is used as a yoke base, which has the effect of reducing magnetic circuit loss.

(3) The rotor element of the present invention is two oppositely-shaped circular magnetic disks. The magnetic disks are composed of a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets stacked to form a permanent magnet. The permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetic disk. Each permanent magnet has a fan shape, one side of the fan has an N pole, and the other side has an S pole, and the adjacent polarity of each two permanent magnets is N, N, or S, S. The same polarity is set in the circumferential direction, and the stator element The permanent magnets on the two-sided magnetic disk are arranged in such a way that the different magnetic poles (N, S on one side and S, N on the other side) face each other; so no matter the permanent magnet rotates to any position, it can correspond to the iron core exactly, and The iron core is close to its N pole and S pole, respectively, so that the permanent magnets of the two oppositely arranged magnetic disk rotor elements are exactly mutually exclusive, so that the magnetic flux passing through the iron core forms a complete magnetic circuit through its own internal base. That is, the N pole and S pole of the magnetic pole can form a complete magnetic circuit through the base in the rotor element.

1‧‧‧ Stator element

11a‧‧‧Dock

11b‧‧‧Dock

12‧‧‧Electromagnetic components

121‧‧‧Iron core

122‧‧‧Winding group

12a‧‧‧Fixed Department

12b‧‧‧Fixed Department

13a‧‧‧Through hole

13b‧‧‧Through hole

2a‧‧‧Rotor element

21a‧‧‧Guide disk

22a‧‧‧Permanent magnet

23a‧‧‧Through hole

2b‧‧‧Rotor element

21b‧‧‧Guide disk

22b‧‧‧Permanent magnet

23b‧‧‧Through hole

3‧‧‧spindle

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a partial combination of an axial field motor of a directional silicon steel sheet of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partial exploded schematic view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator element and rotor element combination of the present invention.

Figure 4 is an exploded view of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of permanent magnet poles in the rotor element of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the winding group of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of various axial magnetic flux paths and distributions.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The soft magnetic materials commonly used in the industry are mainly electromagnetic steel sheets, generally known as silicon steel sheets. Silicon steel is divided into two categories of grain-oriented and grain non-oriented according to the crystal crystallization direction. Directional silicon steel is abbreviated as (CRGO, cold rolled grain-oriented steel), and its silicon content is about 3.2%. The special rolling method is used to control the arrangement direction of crystals so that the best soft magnetic properties are obtained along the rolling direction. Its magnetic flux density can increase by 30% in the rolling direction, and is mainly used in high-efficiency transformers and electric motors. Non-directional silicon steel is generally abbreviated as (CRNGO, cold rolled non-grain-oriented steel), containing 2 to 3.5% silicon, and its magnetic properties are isotropic in all directions. The material is cheaper than directional silicon steel and is used in the direction of magnetic flux. Changed products such as motors and generators, and the efficiency is less important.

First of all, it is stated that the directional silicon steel sheet described in the following specification of the present invention refers to a silicon steel sheet with a "crystalline texture of grain orientation along the rolling direction", also known as a single-oriented silicon steel sheet, a directional silicon steel sheet or an oriented silicon steel sheet.

The term "directional silicon steel sheet" used in this specification refers to a silicon steel sheet of "crystalline texture with grain orientation along the rolling direction".

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor of the present invention includes a stator element 1, two rotor elements 2a, 2b disposed outside the stator element 1, and a group disposed at The rotating shaft 3 in the center of the two rotor elements 2a, 2b, a seat body 4 assembled to the outside of the stator element 1, and an upper cover 5 assembled to the opening of the seat body 4.

Referring again to FIGS. 3 and 4, the stator element 1 includes two disk-shaped bases 11 a and 11 b and a plurality of electromagnetic elements 12. The bases 11a and 11b are formed by stacking a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets as a yoke, and the bases 11a and 11b are provided with a plurality of through holes 13a and 13b at an annular interval. The electromagnetic element 12 includes an elongated iron core 121 composed of a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets and a winding group 122 wound on the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 121. The iron core 121 is provided with through holes 13a corresponding to the bases 11a and 11b at both ends. 13b square fixing portions 12a, 12b, the fixing portions 12a, 12b can be sleeved in the through holes 13a, 13b of the two bases 11a, 11b. The iron core 121 in the illustration of this embodiment is round. In the implementation of the present invention, the iron core may use a square shape, a rectangular shape, a round shape, or other shapes that can be easily wound with a coil, and is not limited to a round elongated shape. shape.

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 again, the two rotor elements 2a, 2b are disposed outside the bases 11a, 11b of the stator element 1 after passing through the rotating shaft 3 and provided. Each rotor element 2a, 2b includes magnetic disks 21a, 21b and a plurality of permanent magnets 22a, 22b. The magnetic disks 21a, 21b are formed by stacking a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets to form a circular shape, and the magnetic disks 21a, 21b are the same on the annular peripheral surface A plurality of through-holes 23a, 23b are provided in the compartment, and the permanent magnet 22a is embedded in the through-holes 23a, 23b of the magnetic guide disks 21a, 21b, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 22b is a fan shape, one side of the fan is the N pole, the other side is the S pole, the adjacent polarity of each two permanent magnets is N, N or S, S The same polarity is set in the circumferential direction, and the two side rotor elements 2a, 2b The permanent magnets on the mid-conducting magnetic disk are arranged in such a manner that different magnetic poles (N, S on one side and S, N on the other side) face each other.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 again, the present invention uses a directional silicon steel sheet core 121 and disk-shaped directional silicon steel sheet yoke bases 11a, 11b at both ends, and embedded permanent magnets 22a, 22b magnetically permeable silicon steel sheet magnetic disk 21a, 21b structure design, when the iron core 121 winding group 122 is energized, each two iron core 121 and its two ends of disk-shaped silicon steel sheet yoke base 11a, 11b and the permanent magnets 22a and 22b on both sides form a complete magnetic circuit. As shown in FIG. 6, the effect of reducing eddy current can be achieved, while reducing the core volume and reducing the overall weight.

The directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor of the present invention controls the rolling direction and the direction of the Gaussian texture (that is, the grain oriented structure with [110] crystal plane and [100] crystal direction) produced by recrystallization technology Silicon steel sheet. Directional silicon steel sheet is a special processing of silicon steel sheet, which can make the magnetic force line pass along the rolling direction, the magnetic resistance is small, and the magnetic permeability is good. The use of directional silicon steel sheet in the core can reduce the volume of the core and thus reduce the weight.

As shown in FIG. 6, for the present invention, the two magnetic poles N and S of each permanent magnet provided in the magnetic disks 21a and 21b are close to each other by the N and N poles or by the S and S poles They are arranged close to each other, and the permanent magnets of the magnetic disks 21a, 21b of the two-side rotor element 1 are arranged so that the different magnetic poles (N, S on one side and S, N on the other side) face each other.

In addition, the iron core 121 in the stator element 1 is composed of a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets, which can reduce the effect of eddy currents, and is jointly held by the disk-shaped yoke bases 11a, 11b made of one directional silicon steel sheet.

In the implementation of the present invention, the iron core 121 can be selected, for example, iron powder with directivity or other conventional magnetic conductors with directivity as the iron core, which does not hinder the implementation of this case.

1.1)，如第6圖所示。 As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the plurality of iron cores 121 according to the present invention have a circle centered on a parallel rotation axis 3, and are uniformly distributed along two axes along the rotation axis 3 in a circle formed by stacking two directional silicon steel sheets On the inner circumference of the disk-shaped bases 11a, 11b, the width L of each permanent magnet in each of the magnetic disks 21a, 21b, the width (gap) △L of two adjacent permanent magnets, and the width L ₁ of the core are equal to half the width of the permanent magnet (L /2) Add the width (gap) of two adjacent permanent magnets △L, L ₁ =(L/2)+△L, as shown in Figure 6. In this embodiment, the number of permanent magnets of the magnetic disks 21a and 21b is six, the number of electromagnetic elements 12 is nine, and the number of electromagnetic elements 12 (b) is the number that can be divided by three, and each of the magnetic disks 21a and 21b The number of permanent magnets in (a) divided by the number of electromagnetic components 12 (b) is less than or equal to 1.1 (a/b

1.1), as shown in Figure 6.

According to this, since the iron cores 121 are evenly arranged, no matter the permanent magnets 22a and 22b rotate to any position, they can correspond to the iron core 121, and the iron core 121 is close to its N pole and S pole, respectively, so that the two sides guide the magnetic disk The permanent magnets corresponding to 21a and 21b are mutually exclusive, and the magnetic flux of the iron core 121 can pass through the disk-shaped bases 11a and 11b yokes at both ends of the inner iron core 121 to form a complete magnetic circuit. That is, the N pole and S pole of the magnetic pole can form a complete magnetic circuit through the disk-shaped bases 11a, 11b at both ends of the iron core 121.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention , Should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

1‧‧‧ Stator element

11a‧‧‧Dock

11b‧‧‧Dock

12‧‧‧Electromagnetic components

12a‧‧‧Fixed Department

12b‧‧‧Fixed Department

13a‧‧‧Through hole

13b‧‧‧Through hole

2a‧‧‧Rotor element

21a‧‧‧Guide disk

22a‧‧‧Permanent magnet

23a‧‧‧Through hole

2b‧‧‧Rotor element

21b‧‧‧Guide disk

22b‧‧‧Permanent magnet

23b‧‧‧Through hole

3‧‧‧spindle

Claims (7)

A directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor, at least including: a rotating shaft; a certain sub-component, assembled on the rotating shaft, including two bases and a plurality of electromagnetic components, wherein each base is formed by stacking a plurality of directional silicon steel sheets The shape of a disc is provided with a plurality of through-holes at an annular interval on the base, the plurality of electromagnetic elements is composed of a plurality of directional silicon steel strips of a long iron core and a winding wound on the outer peripheral surface of the iron core It is composed of groups, in which two ends of each iron core are provided with fixing parts corresponding to the size of the through hole of the base, which can be sleeved in the through hole of the base; and two rotor elements, which are arranged outside the base of the stator element after passing through the rotating shaft Each rotor element is composed of two magnetic disks and a plurality of permanent magnets. A plurality of through holes are provided in the same space on the annular peripheral surface of each magnetic disk. The permanent magnets are embedded in the through holes. Each permanent magnet has a fan shape. The sector is N pole on one side and S pole on the other side, and the adjacent polarities of every two permanent magnets are N, N or S, S. The same polarity is arranged in the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnets on the conductive disks of the rotor elements on both sides The different magnetic poles (N, S on one side and S, N on the other side) are arranged so as to face each other. The directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor according to item 1 of the patent application range, characterized in that the width of the permanent magnet L, the width (gap) △L of two adjacent permanent magnets, and the width L ₁ of the core are equal to the permanent magnets Half width (L/2) + width (gap) of two adjacent permanent magnets △L, L ₁ =(L/2)+△L. The directional silicon steel sheet axial field motor according to item 1 of the patent application range, characterized in that the iron core in the stator element is a directional silicon steel sheet with grain orientation along the rolling direction and directional iron Made of powder or directional magnetizer. The directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein each iron core in the stator element is parallel to the center of the rotating shaft and is evenly distributed between the two along the axis of the rotating shaft Directional silicon steel sheets are stacked on the inner circumference of the disc-shaped base. The directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor according to item 1 of the patent application range, characterized in that the two disk-shaped bases in the stator element are directional silicon steel sheets with grain orientation along the rolling direction, Made of directional iron powder or directional magnetizer. The directional silicon steel sheet axial magnetic field motor according to item 1 of the patent application range, characterized in that the two circular shaped magnetic disks in the rotor element can be directional silicon steel sheets with grain orientation organized along the rolling direction , Made of directional iron powder or directional magnetizer. The directional silicon steel sheet axial field motor according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the elongated iron core may be one of a square type, a rectangular type, or a circular type.

Images