TW201630292A - Protection circuit, rechargeable battery pack, composite protection element - Google Patents

Abstract

A protection circuit is applicable to a protection circuit design of a battery element set requiring protection against abnormal current, abnormal voltage or abnormal temperature. The protection circuit includes: at least one detection control circuit operable to detect voltage of each battery element or specific battery elements in the battery element set or detect the temperature inside the battery element set; at least a switch circuit operable to monitor the detected voltage or temperature state of the battery elements in the battery element set, switch off if the voltage or temperature is normal, and switch on if the voltage or temperature is abnormal; at least one composite protection element, each of which includes a first fusible element and a heat generation component while the first fusible element and the battery element set are connected in series to form a current path to an outside charging-discharging circuit; and at least one current-limit circuit which is connected between the heat generation component and the switch circuit in series and connected with a protected device in parallel through one end of the heat generation component and one end of the switch circuit to form a parallel circuit. The current-limit circuit is operable to restrict the current passing through the heat generation component and protect the heat generation component; furthermore, when the voltage of the battery element set is abnormal or overcharged, it can make the battery element set discharge gradually, so as to relieve voltage abnormality or danger of overcharging battery.

Description

Protection circuit, rechargeable battery pack, composite protection component

The invention relates to a protection circuit, in particular to a battery element having a chargeable and dischargeable battery element in a mobile electronic product or a battery element group having a plurality of chargeable and dischargeable battery elements or a temperature-limited component such as an FET to be protected. The protection circuit of the device and the component, the protection circuit of the invention has the protection functions of over current and over voltage and over temperature.

In the past, there has been a protection element for preventing overcurrent and overvoltage, and a protection circuit for a secondary battery pack of a portable electronic device (such as Patent Document 1), which has two or one fuse element and a heat generating resistor. And all are arranged on the substrate, the function characteristic of the heating resistor is that when an overvoltage event occurs, the heating resistor will generate heat and blow the two fuse elements, when an overcurrent event occurs, one of them (but not surely two Which of the fuse elements will fuse by itself and thereby protect against overvoltage and overcurrent.

Patent Document 1: Taiwan Patent No. I296122

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent 2790433

Patent Document 1 mentions in the prior art that one protection element 2A has two fuse elements 4 and two heat generating resistors 3, and the other protection element 2B has one fuse element 4 and a heat generating resistor 3, both of which are disposed on the substrate, and Both are on the same surface of the substrate (refer to Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5 of Patent Document 2), and the problems of the protective members 2A and 2B are: when the secondary battery pack 5 is connected in series When the number of the batteries 6 is larger, the resistance value of the heat generating resistor 3 must be changed in accordance with the number of the batteries 6 connected in series, and the cost of the protective element 2A or 2B is increased. Therefore, the object of the invention of the patent document 1 is to provide a protection circuit 1A or 1B. Or 1C, which uses a protective element 2A in which two heat generating resistors 3 are connected in parallel to the two fuse elements 4 on the substrate, as shown in the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth figures in the diagram of Patent Document 1, The disadvantage is that when the secondary battery pack 5 generates an overvoltage or overcharge, the heating resistor 3 will blow the two fuse elements 4 to cut off the charging current, but at this time, the secondary battery pack 5 is still in an overvoltage or overcharge state, and there is no The discharge path allows the secondary battery pack 5 to be de-energized or overcharged.

The prior art protection circuit (or circuit) has two disadvantages, one of which is that when an overvoltage event occurs, the fuse is blown by the heat of the heating resistor, but the battery pack remains in an overvoltage state, the battery current No loop can be vented, so there is still a danger of overvoltage in the battery pack. Another disadvantage is that when an overvoltage event occurs, when the voltage of the protected device is abnormally high, the heating resistor may be burned before the fuse is blown, not only failing to achieve the function of overvoltage protection, but also protecting the component itself. Dangerous.

In order to solve the two shortcomings of the foregoing prior art, the present invention proposes a current limiting circuit which is connected in series between the heat generating component and the switching circuit for the purpose of limiting the current flowing through the heat generating component and avoiding heat generation due to too large current. Another technical feature of component damage is that when an overvoltage or overcharge event occurs in the battery component group, a safe discharge path can be ensured, so that the abnormal voltage of the battery component group can be lowered to a normal voltage range without causing heat. Causes damage to components.

The invention provides a protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit, which can detect each battery component or special component in the battery component group The voltage of several battery components or the temperature in the battery component group or the temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switching circuit, depending on the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if voltage or temperature Normally, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, and if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit is switched to the on state; at least one composite protection element, each composite protection element includes a first fusible element or a plurality of first fusible elements And a heat generating component, the plurality of first fusible elements are electrically connected in parallel with each other, and the first fusible element is connected in series with the battery element group or the protected device to form a current path with the external charging and discharging circuit, the heat generating component One end electrically connects the first fusible element to the battery element group or the common contact in series with the protection device, the other end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit; and at least one current limiting circuit, the current limiting circuit is generated in heat The component and the switching circuit are connected in series with each other, and one end of the component and the switching element are generated via the heat The terminal forms a parallel circuit with the battery component group or the protected device, and the current limiting circuit can prevent the current passing through the heat generating component when the voltage of the battery component group exceeds the expected maximum voltage. If the current is too large, the current limiting circuit protects The heat generating component, and when the voltage of the battery component group is abnormal or overcharged, the heat generating component generates heat, cuts off the charging current path, and allows the battery component group to slowly discharge through the heat generating component, the current limiting circuit, and the switching circuit. To relieve the risk of abnormal voltage or over voltage or battery overcharge.

The invention provides a protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit, which can detect the voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in the battery component group or the temperature in the battery component group or The temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, if The voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switching circuit is switched to the conductive state; and the at least one composite protection component comprises: a multilayer insulating substrate; an upper electrode disposed on the substrate, including a first upper electrode and a second upper electrode; at least one first fusible element disposed on the first upper electrode and the second upper electrode, and connected in series between the charging current input terminal or the discharging current output terminal and the battery component group to form an input or an output a current path between the terminal and the battery element group, the current path being blown by heat due to an abnormal current flowing through the first fusible element or being melted by heat generated by the heat generating component; and a heat generating component disposed at a multi-layered insulating substrate on a different surface of a fusible element or a plurality of layers of an insulating substrate, one end of the heat generating component electrically connecting the first fusible element to the battery element group or the common contact in series with the protection device, the heat generating component The other end is electrically connected to one end of the switch circuit. When the switch circuit is turned on, current flows through the heat generating component, causing the heat generating component to generate heat.

The invention provides a protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit, which can detect the voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in the battery component group or the temperature in the battery component group or The temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, if the voltage or temperature is abnormal The switching circuit is switched to an on state; at least one current limiting circuit is connected in series between the heat generating component and the switching circuit, and is formed by one end of the heat generating component and one end of the switching component with the battery component group or the protected device a parallel circuit; and at least one composite protection element, the composite protection element comprising: a plurality of insulating substrates; an upper electrode disposed on the substrate, comprising a first upper electrode and a second upper electrode; at least one a fusible element disposed on the first upper electrode and the second upper electrode and connected in series Between the electric current input terminal or the discharge current output terminal and the battery component group, a current path between the input or output terminal and the battery component group is formed, and the current path is thermally blown due to an abnormal current flowing through the first fusible component or Dissipating heat generated by the heat generating component; and a heat generating component disposed on the plurality of insulating substrates different from the surface of the first fusible element or in the plurality of insulating substrates, one end of the heat generating component being electrically connected to the first The fuse element is connected in series with the battery element group, and the other end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit. When the switch circuit is turned on, current flows through the heat generating component to generate heat to the heat generating component.

The invention provides a protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit, which can detect the voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in the battery component group or the temperature in the battery component group or The temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, if the voltage or temperature is abnormal Switching circuit is switched to an on state; at least one composite protection element, each composite protection element comprising a first fusible element and a third fusible element and a heat generating component, the first fusible element and the third The fuse elements are connected to each other in series, and the first fusible element and the third fusible element are connected in series with each other between the battery element group or the protected device and the external charge and discharge circuit to form a charging and discharging current path, and one end of the heat generating component is electrically Connecting a common junction of the first fusible element and the third fusible element in series, the other end of the heat generating component One end of the gas connection current limiting circuit; and at least one current limiting circuit connected in series with each other between the heat generating component and the switching circuit, and protected by one end of the heat generating component and one end of the switching component and the battery component group The device forms a parallel circuit.

A protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit capable of detecting voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in a battery component group or temperature or charge and discharge control in a battery component group The temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open circuit state, and if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit is switched. To a conducting state; at least one current limiting circuit connected in series with each other between the heat generating component and the switching circuit, and forming a parallel circuit with one end of the switching component and the battery component group via one end of the heat generating component; and at least one composite The protection element comprises: a multi-layered insulating substrate; an upper electrode comprising a first upper electrode, a second upper electrode and a collector electrode, a first upper electrode, a second upper electrode and a heat collecting The electrode is disposed on the plurality of insulating substrates; at least one first fusible element and at least one third fusible element, The fusible element is disposed on the first upper electrode and the heat collecting electrode, the third fusible element is disposed on the heat collecting electrode and the second upper electrode, and the first fusible element and the third fusible element are connected in series to the battery element group and charged Between the current input terminal or the discharge current output terminal, a current path between the input or output terminal and the battery component group is formed, and the current path is thermally blown due to an abnormal current flowing through the first fusible component or the third fusible component. Or being blown by heat generated by the heat generating component; and a heat generating component disposed in the multilayer insulating substrate, not disposed on the first insulating substrate but on the flat surface of the other insulating substrate, the heat generating component One end is electrically connected to the collector electrode, and the other end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit. When the switch circuit is turned on, current flows through the heat generating component to generate heat to the heat generating component.

In the various protection circuits described above, the heat generating component comprises a heat generating component or a plurality of heat generating components, each of which is electrically connected in series to each other.

In the above various protection circuits, the at least one composite protection element comprises a plurality of composite protection elements, each of which is electrically connected in parallel with each other.

In the protection circuit of an embodiment, the composite protection element further comprises a plurality of first fusible elements connected in parallel with each other, and a plurality of third fusible elements connected in parallel with each other. It should be particularly noted that this design or the features of the invention can be applied as long as the composite protection element in the protection circuit includes the protection circuit of the first fusible element and the third fusible element.

The invention provides a rechargeable battery pack, characterized in that it comprises: a battery component group comprising one or more rechargeable battery components connected in series or in series and parallel; a charge and discharge control circuit, which is based on the detection control circuit The voltage conditions of the respective battery elements in the battery element group are measured, and the mode of switching between charging and discharging is determined; and any one of the various protection circuits proposed above is provided.

In addition, it should be particularly noted that the first fusible element or the third fusible element of the composite protection element in the foregoing various protection circuits or the chargeable and dischargeable battery pack and the second fusible element in the current limiting circuit are also It may be replaced by one of a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistance element, a bi-metal breaker, a memory metal, a thermally deformable metal, and the like.

The present invention proposes six composite protection elements, each having its equivalent circuit and structure. A first composite protection component, characterized in that the composite protection component comprises an insulating substrate; a first fusible component; and a heat generating component. A second composite protection component, characterized in that the composite protection component comprises an insulating substrate; a plurality of first fusible components; and a heat generating component. A third composite protection element characterized in that the composite protection element comprises An insulating substrate; a first fusible element; and a heat generating component, the insulating substrate comprising a single layer or a plurality of layers, the heat generating component comprising two heat generating elements and four end electrodes, the composite protective element The feature is that the heat generating component has two sets of terminal electrodes for the user to select, and the resistance value of the suitable heat generating component can be selected according to the voltage level of the battery component group or the protected device. A fourth composite protection element, characterized in that the composite protection element comprises an insulating substrate; a first fusible element; a third fusible element; and a heat generating component. A fifth composite protection element, characterized in that the composite protection element comprises an insulating substrate; a plurality of first fusible elements connected in parallel with each other; a plurality of third fusible elements connected in parallel with each other; and a heat generating component . A sixth composite protection component, characterized in that the composite protection component comprises an insulating substrate; a first fusible component; a third fusible component; and a heat generating component, the insulating substrate being a single layer or multiple layers The heat generating component comprises two heat generating components and four terminal electrodes. The composite protective component is characterized in that the heat generating component has two sets of terminal electrodes for the user to select, according to the battery component group or The voltage level of the protection device is selected to select the resistance value of the appropriate heat generating element.

The power of the portable mobile device is becoming more and more important, so the demand for parallel connection of rechargeable batteries is increasing, that is, the voltage of the rechargeable battery pack is getting larger and larger, and if it is still used, it is still required to detect each. The voltage state of the charge and discharge battery, it is increasingly impossible to design a protection circuit with a single composite protection element. The maximum power of the heat generation component always has a limit, and the higher the power, the higher the cost, so the multiple composites are utilized. Protection element or a plurality of detection control circuits or a plurality of switching circuits or a plurality of current limiting circuits or a plurality of first fusible elements or a plurality of third fusible elements to protect a protected device or a voltage variation range having a high voltage Larger protected devices are a practical and practical approach.

1‧‧‧Charging device or electronic device

100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106‧‧‧ protection circuits

888‧‧‧Charge and discharge battery pack

2‧‧‧Charge and discharge control circuit

4, 4b, 4c‧‧‧protected devices or battery component groups

5, 5a‧‧‧Detection control circuit

6, 6a, 6b‧‧‧ switch circuit

7‧‧‧Heat generating components

7a, 7b, 7c‧‧‧ heat generating components

7a1, 7a2, 7b1, 7b2‧‧‧ electrodes for heat generating components

8a, 8a1, 8b, 8c, 8c1, 8d‧‧‧ composite protection components

9a‧‧‧First fusible element

9c, 9d‧‧‧second fusible element

9b‧‧‧ third fusible element

10a, 10b, 10c‧‧‧ upper electrode

FET1, FET4, FET5‧‧‧ field effect transistor components

R, R1, R2, R3‧‧‧ resistance components

TS‧‧‧Temperature sensitive components

The first end of the G‧‧‧ switching circuit

The second end of the D‧‧‧ switch circuit

The third end of the S‧‧‧ switch circuit

20‧‧‧Substrate

20a‧‧‧First substrate

20b‧‧‧second substrate

20c‧‧‧ third substrate

21‧‧‧Insulating components

VDD, V1, V2, V3, VSS‧‧‧ detection control circuit (or protection IC) input

OV‧‧‧Detection control circuit (or protection IC) output

Ii‧‧‧Charging current

Io‧‧‧discharge current

FIG. 1X is a schematic diagram of a rechargeable battery pack 888 of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit 101 of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit 102 of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit 103 of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit 104 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit 105 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit 106 of the present invention.

Figure A is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A1 is a top plan view of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line X-X' of a composite protective element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Y-Y' of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Y-Y' of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A5 is a top plan view of a second structure of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A6 is a bottom plan view showing a second structure of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second structure of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second structure of a composite protection element 8a of the present invention.

Figure A9 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection element 8a1 of the present invention.

Figure A10 is a top plan view of a composite protection element 8a1 of the present invention.

Figure B is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection element 8b of the present invention.

Figure B1 is a top plan view of a composite protection element 8b of the present invention.

Figure B2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite protection element 8b of the present invention taken along line X-X'.

Figure B3 is a top plan view of a second structure of a composite protection element 8b of the present invention.

Figure C is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection element 8c of the present invention.

Figure C1 is a top plan view of a composite protection element 8c of the present invention.

Figure C2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the X-X' of another composite protection element 8c of the present invention.

Figure C3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the Y-Y' of another composite protection element 8c of the present invention.

Figure C4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection element 8c1 of the present invention.

Figure C5 is a top plan view of a composite protection element 8c1 of the present invention.

Figure D is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection element 8d of the present invention.

Figure D1 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line X-X' of a composite protective element 8d of the present invention.

In order to further understand the features and technical contents of the present invention, reference should be made to the following related embodiments, which are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The various protection circuits proposed in the present invention comprise at least one composite protection component. The composite protection element has six equivalent circuit designs 8a, 8a1, 8b, 8c, 8c1 and 8d. Therefore, it is necessary to first specify the circuit and structure of each of the six composite protection components: For the first composite protection component 8a, please refer to Figures A, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, and Figure A is An equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection element 8a, characterized in that the composite protection element 8a comprises an insulating substrate 20; a first fusible element 9a; and a heat generating component 7, which is a single layer Or a multi-layered structure, the heat generating component 7 comprises a heat generating element 7a and a plurality of terminal electrodes (7a1 and 7a2), and the structure of the composite protective element 8a can be divided into two designs, wherein Referring to FIG. A1, A2, and A3, the heat generating component 7 is disposed in the substrate 20 of the multi-layer structure. The first fusible element 9a is disposed on the upper electrode 10 of the substrate 20, and includes the first upper electrode 10a and the first electrode. On the upper electrode 10b, A1~A3 are schematic views of different structures of the composite protection element 8a, and one end of the first fusible element 9a is electrically connected (or jointly) with the one end electrode 7a1 of the heat generating component 7 Upper electrode 10b. For another structural design, please refer to FIG. A5, A6, A7, and A8. The heat generating component 7 and the first fusible component 9a are disposed on the substrate 20 of the single layer structure, and FIGS. A5 to A8 are schematic views of different structures. One end of the first fusible element 9a is also electrically connected (or commonly) to the second upper electrode 10b together with the one end electrode 7a1 of the heat generating component 7. One of the functions of the second upper electrode 10b of the composite protection element 8a is to concentrate the heat generated by the heat generating assembly 7 on the second upper electrode 10b, so that the first fusible element 9a is more quickly heated by the assembly 7 The heat generated is blown. Figure A4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite protection element 8a. The two structural designs (the heat generating component is disposed in or on the substrate) may be provided with an insulating member 21 as shown in Figure A4, which is disposed on the first substrate 20. Between the electrode 10a and the second upper electrode 10b, the height of the insulating member 21 is higher than the two electrodes 10a and 10b, and the first fusible element 9a is disposed on the first upper electrode 10a, the second upper electrode 10b, and the insulating member 21. Above, the height of the portion of the first fusible element 9a is higher than the portion of the first fusible element 9a above the two electrodes 103 and 10b, the protrusion of the first fusible element 9a is designed such that the heat generating component When the heat is generated, the first fusible element 9a is more quickly blown into two parts, and a part of the blown first fusible element 9a is collected on the second upper electrode 10b, so that the two electrodes 10a, 10b are disconnected. The state in which the current cannot pass.

For the second composite protection component 8a1, please refer to FIG. A, FIG. A1, FIG. A9, and A10, FIG. A9 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection component 8a1, and FIG. A10 is a schematic top view of the structure of the composite protection component 8a1. , characterized in that the composite protection element 8a1 comprises an insulation a substrate 20; two first fusible elements 9a; and a heat generating assembly 7. The structure is similar to that of the first composite protection element 8a, the main difference being that the second composite protection element 8a1 comprises two first fusible elements 9a (shown in FIG. A10) connected in parallel with each other, the heat generating component 7 The battery element group 4 including the heat generating element 7c is larger than the heat generating element 7a of the first composite protection element 8a, and can withstand more battery elements or higher rated voltage. All of the composite protection elements of the present invention are As shown in the second composite protection element 8a1, a plurality of first fusible elements 9a and a higher resistance value heat generating component 7 may be included.

For the third composite protection component 8b, please refer to FIG. B, B1, B2, and B3. FIG. B is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection component 8b. The composite protection component 8b includes an insulating substrate 20; a fusible element 9a; and a heat generating component 7 which is a single layer or a multilayer structure, the heat generating component 7 comprising two heat generating elements 7a and 7b; and four terminal electrodes (7a1, 7a2) 7b1, 7b2). The composite protection component 8b is characterized in that the heat generating component 7 has two sets of terminal electrodes 7a2 and 7b2 for the user to select, and the appropriate heat generating component can be selected according to the voltage level of the battery component group 4 or the protected device 4. The resistance value. The structure of the composite protection element 8b can be divided into two designs, one of which is also referred to FIG. B1, B2. The heat generation assembly 7 is disposed in the substrate 20, wherein the terminal electrode 7a1 electrically connects the second upper electrode 10b on the substrate 20. And the heat generating element 7a, the terminal electrode 7a1, and the terminal electrode 7a2 are disposed on the second substrate 20b in the substrate 20, and the heat generating element 7b, the terminal electrode 7b1, and the terminal electrode 7b2 are disposed on the first substrate 20a in the substrate 20, The third substrate 20c covers the heat generating element 7a, the terminal electrode 7a1, the terminal electrode 7a2, and a portion of the second substrate 20b, and the terminal electrode 7b1 is electrically connected to the terminal electrode 7a2. The first fusible element 9a is disposed on the first upper electrode 10a and the second upper electrode 10b of the substrate 20, and electrically connects the electrodes 10a and 10b. Another structural design, referring to FIG. B3, the heat generating component 7 of the composite protection component 8b is disposed in the substrate 20, and The two heat generating elements 7a and 7b and the four terminal electrodes (7a1, 7a2, 7b1, 7b2) are on the same substrate 20b, and the first fusible element 9a is disposed on the first upper electrode 10a and the second on the substrate 20. On the electrode 10b. In addition, it is of course also possible to apply the design of the two heat generating elements 7a and 7b and the four terminal electrodes (7a1, 7a2, 7b1, 7b2) in the heat generating component 7 in Fig. B3 to the substrate 20 of Fig. A6 (not The heat generating component 7 comprising the two heat generating elements 7a and 7b can also be applied to the composite protective element 8b on a single or multiple insulating substrate.

For the fourth composite protection component 8c, please refer to FIG. C, C1, C2, and C3. FIG. C is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection component 8c. The composite protection component 8c includes an insulating substrate 20; a fusible element 9a; a third fusible element 9b; and a heat generating component 7 comprising a heat generating element 7a and a plurality of terminal electrodes (7a1 and 7a2), the heat generating component 7 being disposed on the substrate 20, not disposed on the insulating substrate 20 but on the flat surface of the other insulating substrate 20a, the structural design thereof is also referred to FIG. C1 to C3, characterized in that the heat generating component 7 is disposed in the first substrate in the substrate 20. On the 20a, the second substrate 20b covers the heat generating component 7 and the first substrate 20a. One end of the first fusible element 9a is connected in common with one end of the third fusible element 9b and the one end electrode 7a1 of the heat generating component 7 and is electrically connected to the collecting electrode 10c, and a more detailed description is a fusible metal body configuration. On the upper electrode (the first upper electrode 10a, the heat collecting electrode 10c, and the second upper electrode 10b) on the substrate 20, the one end electrode 7a1 of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected to the heat collecting electrode 10c, so that the fusible metal body is divided The two fusible elements are the first fusible element 9a and the third fusible element 9b. Of course, the first fusible element 9a, the third fusible element 9b and a heat generating component 7 can also be designed on the substrate 20, because only some simple adjustments can be made, which are not shown here.

For the fifth composite protection component 8c1, please refer to Figure C, C1, C4, and C5. Figure C4 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection component 8c1, and Figure C5 shows a schematic top view of the composite protection component 8c1. The composite protection component 8c1 is similar to the fourth composite protection component 8c, and the main difference is The composite protection element 8c1 comprises a plurality of first fusible elements 9a connected in parallel with each other and a plurality of third fusible elements 9b connected in parallel with each other. The composite protection element 8c1 comprises an insulating substrate 20; a plurality of first fusible elements 9a connected in parallel with each other; a plurality of third fusible elements 9b connected in parallel with each other; and a heat generating component 7, the heat generating component 7 A heat generating element 7a and a plurality of terminal electrodes (7a1 and 7a2) are disposed. The heat generating unit 7 is disposed in the substrate, not on the insulating substrate 20 but on the flat surface of the other insulating substrate 20a.

For the sixth composite protection component 8d, please refer to FIG. D, D1, FIG. C1 and C2 at the same time. FIG. D is an equivalent circuit diagram of a composite protection component 8d, which is similar to the composite protection component 8c. The composite protection element 8d comprises a multi-layered insulating substrate 20; a first fusible element 9a; a third fusible element 9b; and a heat generating component 7 comprising two heat generating elements 7a And 7b and a plurality of terminal electrodes (7a1, 7a2, 7b1, and 7b2) disposed in the substrate 20, not disposed on the insulating substrate 20 but on a flat surface of the other insulating substrates 20a and 20b, The composite protection component 8d is similar to the fourth composite protection component 8c. The top view of the composite protection component 8d is similar to that of FIG. C1. The main difference is the difference of the heat generation component 7, please refer to FIG. D1, the sixth composite The two heat generating elements 7a, 7b and the four end electrodes 7a1, 7a2, 7b1, 7b2 of the protective element 8d are each disposed on a different first substrate 20a and second substrate 20b, and the composite protective element 8d is characterized by The heat generating component 7 has two sets of terminals 7a2 and 7b2, for the user to select, may select the appropriate resistance value of the heat generating element according to the voltage level of the protection device.

FIG. 1X illustrates a chargeable and dischargeable battery pack 888 and a charging device 1 or an electronic device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. A, A9, B, C, and D illustrate six different composite protections. For the equivalent circuit diagram of the component, please refer to FIG. 1X, FIG. A, FIG. A9, FIG. B, FIG. C, FIG. C4 and FIG. D. The rechargeable battery pack 888 of the embodiment is characterized in that: a battery component group 4 is included. It comprises four (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) rechargeable battery components in series; a protection circuit 100; and a charge and discharge control circuit 2. The protection circuit 100 of the rechargeable battery pack 888 can also be replaced by the protection circuit described in other embodiments of the present specification. In detail, the protection circuit 100 of the embodiment includes: at least one detection control circuit 5, which can Detecting the voltage of each of the battery elements (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) in the battery element group 4 or the temperature in the battery element group 4 or the temperature of the temperature sensitive element in the charge and discharge control circuit 2. a charge and discharge control circuit 2, which determines a mode of switching between charging and discharging according to the voltage condition of each battery element in the battery component group 4 detected by the detection control circuit 5; at least one switching circuit 6 according to the detection control circuit 5 The measured voltage or temperature condition of the battery element in the battery element group 4 or the temperature of the temperature sensitive element in the charge and discharge control circuit 2, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit 6 is switched to the open circuit state, and if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit 6 switched to a conducting state; at least one composite protection element 8a or 8a1 or 8b or 8c or 8c1 or 8d comprising at least one first fusible element 9a or with a heat generating component 7 in series with the first fusible element 9a Battery element The charge and discharge current path between the device group 4 and the charge and discharge control circuit 2 is self-heated by an abnormal charge and discharge current or is blown by the heat generated by the heat generating component 7, and one end of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected. a fuse point 9a is connected in series with the battery element group 4, the other end of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit F1; and at least one current limiting circuit F1 is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit F1. Produce one end of component 7, another One end is electrically connected to the switch circuit 6. The current limiting circuit F1 can limit the current flowing through the overheat generating component 7 to prevent the heat generating component 7 from being damaged due to excessive current flowing. When the detecting control circuit 5 detects that the battery component group 4 is overcharged or overvoltaged or over During the temperature event, the switching circuit is turned on, so that the voltage of the battery component group 4 is across the heat generating component, the current limiting circuit and the switching circuit, allowing the current to flow through the heat generating component, and the heat generating component is thus heated to make the first fuse element 9a Fusing, cutting off the path of the charging current Ii, causing the battery element group 4 to stop charging, and then the battery element group 4 is still in an over-voltage or over-charge or over-temperature state, at which time the battery element group 4 can continue to generate components by heat. The current path continues to discharge until the battery component group 4 is de-energized or overcharged or over-temperatured.

The following embodiments more clearly illustrate how various protection circuits achieve overvoltage or overcurrent or overtemperature protection. The protection circuits described below will comprise composite protection elements 8a or 8a1 or 8b or 8c or 8c1 or 8d of different configurations, respectively. The following is a detailed description of the following: FIG. 1 illustrates a protection circuit 101 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The protection circuit 101 includes at least one detection control circuit 5a including a protection IC, a resistance element R, and a capacitance element. C, which can detect each battery element (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) or a specific number of battery elements (4-1, 4-2, 4-3) in the battery element group 4. The voltage or the temperature in the battery element group 4 or the temperature of the temperature sensitive element in the charge and discharge control circuit 2; a switching circuit 6a comprising an FET element and a resistance element R according to the voltage measured by the detection control circuit 5a Or a temperature condition, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit 6a is switched to the open state, and if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit 6a is switched to the on state; a composite protection element 8a, the composite protection element 8a includes a first Fuse element 9a with a heat generation The component 7, the first fusible element 9a is connected in series with the battery element group 4 to form a current path between the external charging and discharging circuit One end of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected to a common junction c of the first fusible element 9a and the battery element group 4 in series, and the other end of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit F1; and a current limiting circuit F1, comprising a second fusible element 9c and a resistive element R2 connected in series with each other between the heat generating component 7 and the switching circuit 6a, and via one end of the heat generating component 7 and one end of the switching element 6a The battery element group 4 forms a parallel circuit.

In detail, the detection control circuit 5a includes a protection IC that can detect the voltage of each of one to four chargeable and dischargeable battery elements, and the switch circuit 6a includes a FET, and the composite protection element One end of the first fusible element 9a of 8a is connected to the common junction c of the battery element group 4 and the heat generating component 7, the other end of the first fusible element 9a is connected to the first input/output terminal io1, and the other of the battery element group 4 One end is connected to the second input/output terminal io2, and the other end of the heat generating component 7 of the composite protection component 8a is connected to the current limiting circuit F1. The current limiting circuit F1 includes a second fusible component 9c connected in parallel with a resistive component R2. The second fusible element 9c has one end connected to the heat generating component 7 and the other end connected to the second end D of the switching circuit 6a. The five input terminals (VDD, V1, V2, V3, VSS) of the protection IC in the detection control circuit 5a are respectively connected to different end points of four batteries, and one output terminal OV is connected to one end G of the switch circuit 6a. Finally, One end S of the switching circuit 6a is connected to the other end b of the battery element group 4 and the second input/output terminal io2. When the first input/output terminal io1 and the second input/output terminal io2 are externally connected to the load, the battery component group 4 discharges the load, and when the load is short-circuited, an overcurrent event occurs, and an overcurrent flows from the battery component group 4 through the first The fuse element 9a is blown to the first input/output terminal io1, and the first fuse element 9a is blown by an overcurrent that passes through it, preventing the battery element group 4 from being damaged by a large current that is instantaneously released. Another abnormal situation is that when the first input/output terminal io1 and the second input/output terminal io2 are externally connected to a voltage current source, there is a charging current flowing from the first input/output terminal io1 through the first fusible element 9a. One end a of the battery component group 4 charges the battery component group 4, and when the detection control circuit 5a detects that the battery component group 4 is overcharged (or overvoltage), that is, when any battery has an overvoltage event, the detection control The circuit 5a activates the switch circuit 6a via the output terminal OV to turn on both ends D and S of the switch circuit 6a, causing current to flow through the overheat generating component 7, the current limiting circuit F1 and the switching circuit 6a, and causing the heat generating component 7 to generate heat, first The fusible element 9a is blown by the heat generated by the heat generating unit 7, the charging current path is cut off, the charging of the battery element group 4 is stopped, and the battery element group 4 is prevented from being damaged by overvoltage or overcharging. In addition, if the voltage of the battery component group 4 abnormally exceeds the expected maximum voltage, or the user connects more than four batteries in series, the battery is connected across the heat generating component 7, the current limiting circuit F1 and the switching circuit 6a. When the voltage exceeds the rated voltage, so that the current I7a flowing through the overheat generating component 7 exceeds the limit of the maximum current or maximum power in the specification of the heat generating component 7, the heat generating component 7 may be burned, and the second fusible component 9c will The fuse element R2 is formed in series between the heat generating component 7 and the switching circuit 6a. Since the resistor element R2 selects an appropriate resistance value, the current flowing through the heat generating component 7 can be restricted, and the heat generating component 7 can be prevented from being damaged. The overvoltage of the battery element group 4 can be slowly discharged via the resistor element R2, and the overvoltage state is released. When the battery element group 4 is released from the overvoltage state, the detection control circuit 5a turns off the switch circuit 6a via the output terminal OV, and cuts off. The current of the heat generating component 7 stops heating.

FIG. 2 illustrates a protection circuit 102 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The protection circuit 102 includes at least one detection control circuit 5a including a protection IC, a resistance element R, and a capacitance element C. Measure the voltage or battery of each battery element (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) or a specific number of battery elements (4-1, 4-2, 4-3) in the battery component group 4. The temperature in the component group 4 or the temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit 2; a switching circuit 6a includes an FET component and a resistance component R, which are measured according to the detection control circuit 5a. Voltage or temperature condition, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit 6a is switched to the open state, if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit 6a is switched to the on state; a composite protection element 8c, the composite protection element 8c includes a first The fusible element 9a, a third fusible element 9b and a heat generating component 7, the first fusible element 9a, a third fusible element 9b and the battery element group 4 are connected in series to form a current path between the external charging and discharging circuit One end of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected to a common junction c1 of the first fusible element 9a and the third fusible element 9b in series, and the other end of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit F1; The circuit FI includes a second fusible element 9c and a resistive element R2 connected in series with each other between the heat generating component 7 and the switching circuit 6a, and via one end of the heat generating component 7 and one end of the switching element 6a. A parallel circuit is formed with the battery element group 4.

In detail, the detection control circuit 5a includes a protection IC that can detect the voltage of each of one to four chargeable and dischargeable battery elements, and the switch circuit 6a includes a FET, and the composite protection element One end of the first fusible element 9a of 8a is connected in series to one end of the third fusible element 9b, the other end of the first fusible element 9a is connected to the first input/output terminal io1, and the other end of the third fusible element 9b is connected in series to the battery. One end a of the component group 4, the other end of the battery component group 4 is connected to the second input/output terminal io2, and one end of the heat generating component 7 is connected to the common junction c1 of the first fusible element 9a and the third fusible element 9b. The other end of the heat generating component 7 of the composite protection component 8c is connected to a current limiting circuit F1. The current limiting circuit F1 includes a second fusible component 9c connected in parallel with a resistive component R2. One end of the second fusible component 9c is connected. The heat generating component 7 has the other end connected to the second end D of the switching circuit 6a. The five input terminals (VDD, V1, V2, V3, VSS) of the protection IC in the detection control circuit 5a are respectively connected to different end points of four batteries, and one output terminal OV is connected to one end G of the switch circuit 6a. Finally, One end S of the switch circuit 6a is connected to the battery element The other end b of the group 4 is connected to the second input/output terminal io2. When the first input/output terminal io1 and the second input/output terminal io2 are externally connected to the load, the battery component group 4 discharges the load, and when the load is short-circuited or an overcurrent event occurs, the overcurrent flows from the battery component group 4 through the third The fuse element 9b, the first fuse element 9a to the first input/output terminal io1, the third fuse element 9b or the first fuse element 9a are blown by an overcurrent, preventing the battery element group 4 from being released by an instant. Damage caused by current. Another abnormal situation is that when the first input/output terminal io1 and the second input/output terminal io2 are externally connected to a voltage current source, there is a charging current flowing from the first input/output terminal io1 through the first fusible element 9a. The third fusible element 9b is connected to one end a of the battery element group 4 to charge the battery element group 4. When the detection control circuit 5a detects that the battery element group 4 is overcharged or overvoltage, that is, any battery element has occurred. During the voltage event, the detection control circuit 5a activates the switch circuit 6a via the output terminal OV to turn on both ends D and S of the switch circuit 6a, allowing current to flow through the heat generating component 7, the current limiting circuit F1 and the switching circuit 6a, and to cause heat. The generating component 7 generates heat, and the first fusible element 9a and the third fusible element 9b are sequentially blown by the heat generated by the heat generating component 7, so that the charging current Ii path is cut off, and the charging of the battery component group 4 is stopped to avoid the battery. Component group 4 is damaged due to overvoltage or overcharge. In addition, if the voltage of the battery component group 4 abnormally exceeds the expected maximum voltage, or the user connects more than four batteries in series, the battery is connected across the heat generating component 7, the current limiting circuit F1 and the switching circuit 6a. When the voltage exceeds the rated voltage, so that the current I7a flowing through the overheat generating component 7 exceeds the limit of the maximum current or maximum power in the specification of the heat generating component 7, the heat generating component 7 may be burned, and the second fusible component 9c will The fuse element R2 is formed in series between the heat generating component 7 and the switching circuit 6a. Since the resistor element R2 selects an appropriate resistance value, the current flowing through the heat generating component 7 can be restricted, and the heat generating component 7 can be prevented from being damaged. The overvoltage of the battery element group 4 can be slowly discharged through the resistance element R2, and is released. In the state of the overvoltage, when the battery element group 4 is released from the overvoltage state, the detection control circuit 5a turns off the switch circuit 6a via the output terminal OV, and cuts off the current of the heat generating unit 7 to stop the heat generation.

FIG. 3 illustrates a protection circuit 103 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The protection circuit 103 includes a detection control circuit 5 including one or more protection ICs for detecting battery element groups 4b. Each battery element (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 4-7, 4-8) or a specific number of battery components (4-1, 4- 2, 4-3) voltage or temperature in the battery component group 4b or temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit 2; a switching circuit 6 including at least one switching component or FET component according to the detection control circuit 5 The measured voltage or temperature condition, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit 6 is switched to the open state, if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit 6 is switched to the on state; a composite protection element 8a1 includes two first The fuse element 9a and a heat generating component 7; and at least one current limiting circuit F1. The protection circuit 103 of this embodiment is similar to the protection circuit 101 of FIG. 1. The overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions of the first embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment. For the operation principle and related description, please refer to All related descriptions of an embodiment are not described herein. The main difference between the two is that the protection circuit 103 of the present embodiment protects the battery component group 4b including eight battery components 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4 -6, 4-7, 4-8, the voltage of the battery element group 4b is fully charged higher than the voltage of the battery element group 4 of the second embodiment, and referring to Figures A9 and A10, the composite protection of this embodiment The element 8a1 comprises two first fusible elements 9a connected in parallel with each other; and a heat generating component 7 comprising a heat generating element 7c, since the voltage of the battery element group 4b is fully charged higher than that of the battery element of the second embodiment Group 4, so the resistance value or power of the heat generating element 7c is greater than that of the heat generating element 7a in the second embodiment. In addition, the current limiting circuit F1 of the present embodiment includes a second fusible element 9d and a resistive element R3. The rated current specification of the second fusible element 9d in the embodiment is greater than or equal to the rated current specification of the second fusible element 9c of the second embodiment, and the resistance value and power of the resistive element R3 in the embodiment are greater than or equal to the second. The resistance value and power specification of the resistance element R2 in the embodiment. The main function or feature of the difference is explained as follows: Since the composite protection element 8a1 of the present embodiment includes two first fuse elements 9a connected in parallel, the charge and discharge current of the first fuse element 9a connected in parallel can be passed. (I _i or I _o ), which is larger than the charge and discharge current specification of the first fusible element 9a in the second embodiment, and the heat generating element 7c is heat-generating in order to withstand the voltage of the series of eight battery elements in the battery element group 4b. The resistance value of the element 7c must also be increased, but the two first fusible elements 9a can be blown only by generating the same thermal energy or power as the heat generating element 7a of the second embodiment, such that the composite protective element of the present embodiment 8a1's over-current and over-voltage protection action specifications can be improved without adding too much cost or component area. In addition, it should be noted that the rated current specification of the second fusible element 9c in the current-limiting circuit F1 is passed. The current of the heat generating element 7c is the same as or slightly larger than the current of the second embodiment through the heat generating element 7a, so the current limiting circuit F1 of the present embodiment can be selected as the second one of the second embodiment. The breaking element 9c is the same as the resistive element R2 or the second fusible element 9d and the resistive element R3 having a higher specification can be selected to achieve the protection of the heat generating component 7 or the heat generating component 7c and the securing of the battery component group 4b, when the overvoltage occurs There is a current path that is slowly discharged, and the risk of overvoltage or overcharging of the battery element group 4b is released.

4 is a protection circuit 104 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The protection circuit 104 includes at least one detection control circuit 5 for detecting each battery component in the battery component group 4b (4- 1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 4-7, 4-8) or a specific number of battery elements (4-1, 4-2, 4-3) Voltage or charge/discharge control in voltage or battery component group 4b The temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the circuit 2; a switching circuit 6, which is based on the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit 5, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switching circuit 6 is switched to the open state, if the voltage or temperature is abnormal Then, the switching circuit 6 is switched to the on state; two composite protection elements 8a, the two composite protection elements 8a are connected in parallel; and a current limiting circuit F1. The protection circuit 104 of this embodiment is similar to the protection circuit 103 of FIG. 3. The second embodiment or the fourth embodiment has overcurrent or overdischarge and overvoltage or overcharge protection functions, and this embodiment is the second and fourth. The embodiments are the same, and the related operation and related descriptions refer to all related descriptions of the second or fourth embodiment, and are not described herein. In the protection circuit 104 of this embodiment, the protected battery element group 4b includes eight battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 4-7, 4- 8. The voltage of the battery element group 4b is fully charged higher than the voltage of the battery element group 4 of the second embodiment, but the main difference between the two is that the present embodiment has two composite protection elements 8a and is connected in parallel. That is, the two first fusible elements 9a are connected in parallel, and the two heat generating components 7 are also connected in parallel. The main functions of the difference are as follows: Since the battery component group 4b has a large number of battery components, the charging current may be large, and the charging voltage is also high, so if only one composite secondary protection component is used, it is necessary to The two first fusible elements 9a of the protection element 8a1 are connected in parallel, and the current capability they can withstand must be increased, or if the first fusible element is a fuse element, the cross-sectional area must be increased, that is, the width or The thickness must be increased, so that the heat generating component needs to generate higher heat energy to melt the first fusible component, and the rated power of the heat generating component must also be increased to withstand the voltage of the higher battery component group 4b. The cost of the composite protection component is bound to be high, even higher than the cost of the two composite protection components 8a, and the commonality of the components is reduced. Therefore, the present invention provides that the two composite protection components 8a are connected in parallel, so that the charge and discharge can be passed. The current can be increased by approximately one time, and the two heat generating components 7a can withstand The current or power is also improved, so that the protection circuit 104 of the present embodiment can protect the battery element group 4b from the expected overcurrent or overdischarge or overvoltage or overcharge function, and the two heat generating components 7a will not Damage, of course, the second fusible element 9d and the resistive element R3 in the current limiting circuit F1 are also required to adjust the current specification and resistance element of the second fusible element 9d according to the maximum power that the two heat generating components 7a can withstand. The resistance value and power specification of R3 are used to achieve a current path for protecting the heat generating component from discharging the battery component group 4b that provides overcharge or overvoltage.

The composite protection elements 8a, 8a1 and 8c in the above embodiment have only one heat generating element 7a or 7c, and the other composite protection element 8b in the present invention comprises two heat generating elements 7a and 7b, which allows the designer It is easier to design a protection circuit under different numbers of battery components or in a large variation in the charging voltage of the battery component group. For example, the battery component group is a battery pack in which four chargeable discharge batteries are connected in series or a battery pack group is a battery pack in which five chargeable discharge batteries are connected in series. If the charge and discharge current of the battery component group can be used in the same specification, the same one can be used. The composite protection element 8b is designed to protect the circuit, and it is necessary to use two different composite protection elements due to the different voltages of the battery element group.

FIG. 5 is a protection circuit 105 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which can protect the protected device 4c from overcurrent and overvoltage damage, wherein the protection circuit 105 includes: at least one detection control circuit 5, which can Detecting each battery element (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) or (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5) in the battery element group 4c The voltage or the temperature in the battery element group 4c or the temperature of the temperature sensitive element in the charge and discharge control circuit 2; the two switch circuits 6a and 6b, one of the switch circuits 6a is based on the first overcharge measured by the detection control circuit 5. Voltage value or over temperature value condition, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit 6a switches to open circuit State, if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit 6a is switched to the on state, and the other switch circuit 6b is based on the second overcharge voltage value or the over temperature value measured by the detection control circuit 5, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch The circuit 6b is switched to the open state, and if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit 6b is switched to the on state; the two current limiting circuits F1; and a composite protection element 8b including the first fusible element 9a And a heat generating component 7 comprising two heat generating elements 7a and 7b connected in series to each other, one end of the heat generating element 7a being connected to the first fuse element 9a and the battery element group 4 in series Point c, the other end is connected to a common contact of one of the current limiting circuit F1 and the heat generating element 7b, and the other end of the heat generating element 7b is connected to the other current limiting circuit F1.

In detail, it is assumed that the normal charging voltage of each of the battery elements (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) in the battery element group 4c is 3.7 V, and the highest voltage is 4.5 V, so the battery element group 4c The voltage variation range is between 14.8V and 18V, and the detection control circuit 5 can set the first overcharge voltage to 16V. When the charge reaches the first overcharge voltage of 16V, the switch circuit 6a is activated via the output terminal OV1 to make the switch circuit. The D terminal of 6a is electrically connected to the S terminal. At this time, the voltage Vab=16V across the battery component group 4c is directly connected between the common junction c and the contact d, because the second fusible component 9c in the current limiting circuit F1 is The resistance values of the D and S terminals of the switching circuit 6a are extremely low, so that the voltage of 16V is almost entirely across the heat generating element 7a, I ₁ = 16V / the resistance value of the heat generating element 7a, and the heating power is equal to 16V times I ₁ The detection control circuit 5 can set the second overcharge voltage to 18V. When the charge reaches the second overcharge voltage of 18V, the switch circuit 6a is turned off via the output terminal OV1, and the D terminal and the S terminal of the switch circuit 6a are disconnected (off) ), the switch circuit 6b is activated via the output terminal OV2, and the D terminal and the S terminal of the switch circuit 6b are turned on (on), at this time, the battery element group 4c The voltage of the terminal Vab=18V is directly connected between the common junction c and the contact d, because the resistance values of the second fusible element 9c in the current limiting circuit F1 and the D and S terminals of the switching circuit 6a are extremely low, so 18V The voltage is almost entirely across the heat generating element 7a and the heat generating element 7b, I ₂ = 18 V / (the resistance value of the heat generating element 7a + the resistance value of the heat generating element 7b), and the power of the heat generation is equal to 18 V times I ₂ , If 16V times I ₁ is equal to 18V times I ₂ , the heating power is the same and the first fusible element 9a can be blown, the protection circuit 105 can complete the voltage variation range of the battery element group 4c between 14.8V and 18V. Overvoltage or overcharge protection function, of course, if the voltage variation range of the battery component group 4c is between 14.8V and 20V, as long as the resistance value of the heat generating component 7a and the resistance value of the heat generating component 7b are appropriately adjusted, according to the above The function of the over-voltage or over-charge protection can be achieved. The protection of the over-current is the same as that of the second embodiment. Please refer to the description of the second embodiment, and details are not described herein.

6 is a protection circuit 106 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, which can protect the temperature sensitive component (eg, FET component) in the charge and discharge control circuit 2 from overcurrent or overtemperature or overheat damage, and is characterized in that the protection The circuit 106 includes: at least one detection control circuit 5 that can detect each battery element (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) or a specific number of battery elements in the battery element group 4 (4) a voltage of -1, 4-2, 4-3) or a temperature in the battery element group 4 or a temperature of the temperature sensitive element in the charge and discharge control circuit 2; a detection control circuit 5d comprising a temperature sensitive element TS and a resistor The component R1 can detect the temperature of the temperature sensitive components FET4 and FET5 in the charge and discharge control circuit 2; a switch circuit 6 according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit 5 or the detection control circuit 5d When the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit 6 is switched to the off state, if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit 6 is switched to the on state; and a composite protection element 8a including the first protection element 8a a fusible element 9a and a heat generating component 7, the first fusible Component 9a in battery component group 4 and charge and discharge control The current path between the circuit 2 and the charge and discharge circuit is formed in series, one end of the heat generating component 7 is electrically connected to the common junction c of the first fusible element 9a in series with the battery element group 4, and the heat generating component 7 is further One end is electrically connected to one end of the switch circuit 6.

In detail, the temperature sensing element TS in the detection control circuit 5d is thermally coupled to the FET 5 and the FET 5, and the temperature sensing element TS changes the resistance value according to the temperature changes of the FET 4 and the FET 5, resulting in the resistance element R1. The partial pressure change with the temperature sensitive element TS, thereby starting the switching circuit 6, causing the D terminal and the S terminal of the switching circuit 6 to be turned on, causing the current to flow through the heat generating component 7, causing the heat generating component 7 to generate heat, and then fusing the first A fuse element 9a cuts off the charge and discharge current path to lower the temperature of the temperature sensitive elements FET4 and FET5 to achieve over-temperature or over-current protection. The detection control circuit 5d can also be incorporated into the circuit of the detection control circuit 5. This embodiment specifically illustrates that the protection circuit 106 can protect other temperature sensitive components FET4 or FET5 in addition to the battery component group 4. The detection control circuit 5d is illustrated and described, and other embodiments related to the protection function of the battery element group 4 are described, and will not be described herein.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims, and the spirit of the scope of the claims of the present invention is similar to the changes in the scope of the present invention and the drawings. Within the scope.

101‧‧‧Protection circuit

4‧‧‧Battery component group or protected device

4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4‧‧‧ rechargeable battery components

5a‧‧‧Detection control circuit

6a‧‧‧Switch circuit

8a‧‧‧Composite protection components

F1‧‧‧ current limiting circuit

Ii‧‧‧Charging current

Io‧‧‧discharge current

Claims (9)

A protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit capable of detecting a voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in a battery component group or a temperature or a protected device in a battery component group The voltage and temperature or the temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, if If the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switching circuit is switched to the conductive state; at least one composite protection component, each composite protection component comprises a first fusible component or a plurality of first fusible components and a heat generating component, and the plurality of first The fusible elements are electrically connected in parallel with each other, and the first fusible element is connected in series with the battery element group or the protected device to form a current path with the external charging and discharging circuit, and one end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to the first fusible element and the battery The component group or the common contact in series with the protection device, and the other end of the heat generation component is electrically connected to the power limit One end of the circuit; and at least one current limiting circuit connected in series with each other between the heat generating component and the switching circuit, and forming a parallel circuit with the battery element group or the protected device via one end of the heat generating component and one end of the switching element . A protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit capable of detecting a voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in a battery component group or a temperature or a protected device in a battery component group The voltage and temperature or the temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, if The voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switching circuit is switched to the conductive state; and the at least one composite protection component comprises: a multilayer insulating substrate; an upper electrode disposed on the substrate, including a first upper electrode and a second upper electrode; The at least one first fusible element is disposed on the first upper electrode and the second upper electrode, and is connected in series between the charging current input end or the discharging current output end and the battery element group to form an input or output end and a battery element group a current path that is thermally blown by the abnormal current flowing through the first fusible element or blown by heat generated by the heat generating component; and a heat generating component disposed on a different surface from the first fusible element One end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to one end of the first fusible element and the battery element group or the series connected by the protection device, and the other end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to the switch circuit. At one end, when the switching circuit is turned on, current flows through the heat generating component, causing the heat generating component to generate heat. A protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit capable of detecting a voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in a battery component group or a temperature or a protected device in a battery component group The voltage and temperature or the temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, if When the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switching circuit is switched to the conductive state; at least one current limiting circuit is connected in series between the heat generating component and the switching circuit, and is connected to one end of the heat generating component and one end of the switching component and the battery component group Or a protective device to form a parallel circuit; and at least one composite protection component, the composite protection component comprising: a plurality of insulating substrates; an upper electrode disposed on the substrate, comprising a first upper electrode and a second upper An electrode; at least one first fusible element disposed on the first upper electrode and the second upper electrode, and the string Forming a current path between the input or output terminal and the battery component group between the charging current input terminal or the discharge current output terminal and the battery component group, the current path being heat-dissipated due to an abnormal current flowing through the first fusible component Or being blown by the heat generated by the heat generating component; a heat generating component disposed on the plurality of insulating substrates different in surface from the first fusible element or in the plurality of insulating substrates, one end of the heat generating component being electrically connected to the first fusible element in series with the battery element group or the protected device The common contact, the other end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit, and when the switching circuit is turned on, current flows through the heat generating component to cause the heat generating component to generate heat. A protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit capable of detecting a voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in a battery component group or a temperature or a protected device in a battery component group The voltage and temperature or the temperature of the temperature sensitive component in the charge and discharge control circuit; at least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, if If the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switching circuit is switched to the conductive state; at least one composite protection component, each of the composite protection components includes a first fusible component and a third fusible component, and a heat generating component, the first fusible component The element and the third fusible element are connected to each other in series, and the first fusible element and the third fusible element are connected in series with each other between the battery element group or the protected device and the external charging and discharging circuit to form a charging and discharging current path, the heat One end of the generating component electrically connects the common contact point of the first fusible element and the third fusible element in series, and the heat is produced The other end of the component is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit; and at least one current limiting circuit connected in series with each other between the heat generating component and the switching circuit, and through one end of the heat generating component and one end of the switching component and the battery component The group or protected device forms a parallel circuit. A protection circuit, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises: at least one detection control circuit capable of detecting voltage of each battery element or a plurality of battery elements in a battery component group or temperature or charge and discharge control in a battery component group The temperature of the temperature sensitive component within the circuit; At least one switch circuit, according to the voltage or temperature condition measured by the detection control circuit, if the voltage or temperature is normal, the switch circuit is switched to the open state, and if the voltage or temperature is abnormal, the switch circuit is switched to the on state; at least one current limit a circuit, the current limiting circuit is connected in series with each other between the heat generating component and the switching circuit, and forms a parallel circuit with one end of the switching element and the battery element group via one end of the heat generating component; and at least one composite protection component, the composite protection The component comprises: a plurality of insulating substrates; an upper electrode comprising a first upper electrode, a second upper electrode and a heat collecting electrode, wherein the first upper electrode, the second upper electrode and the heat collecting electrode are disposed on the multilayer insulating substrate At least one first fusible element and at least one third fusible element, the first fusible element being disposed on the first upper electrode and the collector electrode, and the third fusible element being disposed on the collector electrode and the second upper electrode And the first fusible element and the third fusible element are connected in series between the battery element group and the charging current input end or the discharge current output end, a current path between the input or output terminal and the battery element group, the current path being thermally blown by the abnormal current flowing through the first fusible element or the third fusible element or being blown by heat generated by the heat generating component; a heat generating component disposed in the multi-layered insulating substrate, not disposed on the first insulating substrate but on the flat surface of the other insulating substrate, one end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to the collecting electrode, and the heat generating component is The other end is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting circuit. When the switching circuit is turned on, current flows through the heat generating component to generate heat to the heat generating component. A heat protection component comprising a heat generating component or a plurality of heat generating components, each heat generating, as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 Components, electrically connected in series with each other. A protection circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, the at least one composite protection element comprising a plurality of composite protection elements, each composite protection The components are electrically connected in parallel with each other. A protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the composite protection element further comprises a plurality of first fusible elements connected in parallel with each other and a plurality of third fusible elements connected in parallel with each other. A rechargeable battery pack, comprising: a battery component group comprising one or more chargeable and dischargeable battery components connected in series or in series and parallel; a charge and discharge control circuit, wherein the battery is measured according to the detection control circuit The voltage condition of each battery element in the component group determines the mode of switching between charging and discharging; and a protection circuit as described in claim 1 or 2 or item 3 or item 4 or item 5.