TW201630072A - 半導體晶圓處理用的設備、系統及方法 - Google Patents
半導體晶圓處理用的設備、系統及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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Abstract
一電極係曝露於電漿產生容積且係定義為傳輸射頻功率至電漿產生容積,並包含用於夾持曝露於電漿產生容積的基板之上表面。一氣體分配單元係設於電漿產生容積上方且朝向實質上平行於電極之方向。該氣體分配單元包含用以朝實質上垂直於電極之上表面的方向引導電漿處理氣體之輸入流進入電漿產生容積的氣體供應埠之配置。該氣體分配單元亦包含通孔之配置,各通孔延伸通過氣體分配單元以將電漿產生容積流動性連接至排出區域。各通孔朝實質上垂直於電極之上表面的方向引導來自電漿產生容積的排出流。
Description
[相關申請案的交互參照] 本申請案係關於名為「中性粒子/離子流控制用之雙電漿容積處理裝置」之同時申請的美國專利申請案第________號(Attorney Docket No. LAM2P690)。上列所確認的相關申請案之揭示內容整體係併於此作為參考。
本發明係有關於一種電漿處理腔室,尤其有關於一種具有雙軸向氣體射入及排出之電漿處理腔室。
當半導體特徵部尺寸持續縮小時,半導體製程為了跟上腳步而努力。一種製程涉及將半導體晶圓曝露於電漿或其他形式的反應氣體以在晶圓上沉積材料或自晶圓移除材料。更小的特徵部尺寸要求更精確的材料沉積及蝕刻控制,這些要求便因此需要如何使晶圓曝露於電漿/反應氣體之更精確的控制。這些更精確的控制需求可包含在晶圓範圍內的電漿均勻性之更精確的控制、在晶圓範圍內的電漿密度之更精確的控制、及/或曝露於晶圓的電漿滯留時間之更精確的控制等等。本發明正是在這種狀況下被創造出來。
在一實施例中,半導體晶圓處理設備係揭露成包含電極及氣體分配單元。電極係曝露於電漿產生容積且係定義為傳輸射頻(radiofrequency, RF)功率至電漿產生容積。電極具有定義為夾持曝露於電漿產生容積之基板的上表面。氣體分配單元係設於電漿產生容積上方並朝向相關於電極之實質平行方向。氣體分配單元係定義為包含氣體供應埠之配置,該氣體供應埠之配置係定義為朝向實質垂直於電極之上表面的方向將電漿處理氣體之輸入流引導至電漿產生容積中。氣體分配單元更定義為包含通孔之配置,各通孔延伸通過氣體分配單元以將電漿產生容積流動性連接至排出區域。各通孔係定義為朝實質垂直於電極之上表面的方向引導來自電漿產生容積的電漿處理氣體的排出流。
在另一實施例中,揭露一種用於半導體晶圓處理的系統。該系統包含定義為具有內部空腔的腔室。該系統亦包含設於腔室的內部空腔內的夾盤。夾盤具有定義為夾持曝露於電漿產生容積的基板的上表面。並且,夾盤係定義為供應RF功率至電漿產生容積。該系統亦包含設於夾盤上且定義為圍繞並包圍電漿產生容積之周邊的外周結構。該系統更包含設於外周結構上且定義為以實質平行於夾盤之上表面的關係在電漿產生容積範圍內延伸的氣體分配單元。氣體分配單元係定義為包含氣體供應埠之配置,該氣體供應埠之配置係定義為將電漿處理氣體之輸入流引導至電漿產生容積中。氣體分配單元更定義為包含通孔之配置。該系統亦包含定義在腔室之內氣體分配單元上方的排出區域,使得各通孔延伸通過氣體分配單元來將電漿產生容積流動性連接至排出區域。該系統亦包含流動性連接至排出區域以自排出區域移除氣體的泵浦。
在另一實施例中,揭露一種用於半導體晶圓處理的方法。該方法包含用來朝向實質平行於氣體分配單元的方向來夾持半導體晶圓的操作,使得半導體晶圓及氣體分配單元之間形成電漿處理容積。該方法亦包含用來使來自氣體分配單元內的電漿處理氣體朝實質垂直於半導體晶圓的方向流入電漿處理容積的操作。該方法更包含用來將自電漿處理容積內的電漿處理氣體之排出流朝實質垂直於半導體晶圓的方向引導通過氣體分配單元的操作,藉此通過氣體分配單元的電漿處理氣體之排出流為來自電漿處理容積內的唯一電漿處理氣體之排出流。
本發明之其他態樣及優點將由以下例示說明本發明的詳細敘述結合隨附圖式而變得更加明顯。
在下列描述中,為了提供對於本發明之徹底理解而提出諸多具體細節。然而,對於精通本技術領域者將顯而易見,可在不具有這些具體細節的部分或整體的情況下實施本發明。在其他實例中,為了不多餘地混淆本發明,故已不詳述眾所周知的處理操作。
於此揭露一種半導體晶圓處理設備使得晶圓範圍內的電漿滯留時間及均勻性之精確控制能使需要快速且均勻的處理氣體射入及抽出的晶圓製程得以進行。此種需要快速且均勻的處理氣體射入及抽出的晶圓製程之實例包含但不侷限於原子層蝕刻及原子層沉積。
該設備包含設於電漿產生區域上方的氣體分配單元,而晶圓係夾持於下方的靜電夾盤上且曝露於電漿產生區域。氣體分配單元係定義為以實質均勻的方式朝著晶圓往下供應電漿處理氣體。氣體分配單元亦定義為以實質均勻的方式自晶圓往上排出電漿處理氣體。因此,如於下所更加詳述,氣體分配單元容許雙軸向氣體射入及排出。
圖1A顯示依據本發明之一實施例的半導體晶圓處理設備。該設備包含藉由頂板100A、底板100B、及壁100C所形成的腔室100。在一實施例中,壁100C形成連續的圓柱狀壁100C。在其他實施例中,壁100C可具有其他配置,只要腔室100之內部空腔100D可自腔室100之外的外部環境隔離。數個密封墊139係設於腔室頂板100A、底板100B、及100C之間以促進腔室100之內部空腔100D自外部環境隔離。
在各種實施例中,腔室100之頂板100A、底板100B、及壁100C可由金屬所形成,該金屬為電及熱的良導體且為化學相容於晶圓處理期間內部空腔100D所待曝露的處理氣體。舉例來說,在各種實施例中,如鋁、不鏽鋼或相似物等的金屬可用來形成腔室100之組件。並且,密封墊139可為彈性體密封墊、可消耗金屬密封墊、或其他任何形式的密封墊材料,只要密封墊139化學相容於內部空腔100D所將曝露的處理氣體,且只要密封墊139提供內部空腔100D充分的隔離於腔室100之外的外部環境。
吾人應當察知到在其他的實施例中,當有必要滿足腔室100特定部署條件或其他考量時,可將一或更多額外的薄板或構件設於頂板100A、底板100B、及壁100C之任何一或更多者之外。此外,可視特定實施情況,而將頂板100A、底板100B、及/或壁100C固定至這些額外的薄板或構件。包含頂板100A、底板100B、及壁100C的腔室100結構係由導電材料所形成且係電性連接於參考接地電位。
腔室100包含容許內部空腔100D流體連接至外部排出泵137的排出埠135,使得可經由排出埠135施加負壓以移除來自內部空腔100D中的氣體及/或微粒。在一實施例中,腔室100亦包含閘門閥105,該閘門閥105係形成於腔室壁100C之一區段中,使晶圓113能夠插入內部空腔100D,並使晶圓113能夠自內部空腔100D對應地移出。在其關閉位置中,閘門閥105係定義為維持內部空腔100D與外部環境隔離。在各種實施例中,可以不同方式實施排出泵137,只要排出泵137可在排出埠135施加吸力以自腔室100之內部空腔100D抽取流體流動。
電漿處理設備係設於腔室100之內部空腔100D中。電漿處理設備包含形成於夾盤107A/B及氣體分配單元115之間的電漿產生容積109。更具體而言,在夾盤107A/B之上表面及氣體分配單元115之下表面朝向彼此互相實質平行方向而設置的情況下,電漿產生容積109存在於夾盤107A/B上方及氣體分配單元115下方。外周結構108亦設置成包圍氣體分配單元115及夾盤107A/B的上表面之間的電漿產生容積109之周圍。
如上述,夾盤107A/B係設於腔室100之內部空腔100D之內、電漿產生容積109下方。夾盤107A/B包含夾盤主體107A及夾盤電極107B。在一實施例中,夾盤主體107A係自腔室100之壁100C懸出。在一實施例中,夾盤107A/B為具有被定義為傳輸RF功率至電漿產生容積109之夾盤電極107B的靜電夾盤。夾盤電極107B的上表面係定義為夾持曝露於電漿產生容積109的例如晶圓113之基板。在一實施例中,石英聚焦環149係相關於夾盤電極107B上之基板容納/夾持區域之週邊而設於夾盤主體107A上。夾盤107A/B亦定義為包含冷卻通道及/或加熱元件的配置,以使晶圓113及電漿產生容積109之溫度控制得以進行。
如由箭頭123所指示,夾盤107A/B係定義為在內部空腔100D中垂直移動。以此方式,可將夾盤107A/B降下而經由閘門閥105接收/供給晶圓113,並可抬升以形成電漿產生容積109之下表面。並且,如同垂直於夾盤電極107B及氣體分配單元115二者所量測的跨越電漿產生容積109之垂直距離可藉由控制夾盤電極107B之垂直位置加以設定及控制。可將跨越電漿產生容積109之垂直距離設定成達到足夠的中心至邊緣電漿均勻性及密度,並亦可調整成藉由來自氣體分配單元115之氣體供應埠119的噴射氣流來避免晶圓113上的印記(printing)。在各種實施例中,將跨越電漿產生容積109之垂直距離設定在約2公分。吾人應當察知跨越電漿產生容積109之垂直距離被控制來使得電漿產生容積109能夠快速排空,並藉此使得電漿產生容積109內的電漿滯留時間能夠精確控制。
夾盤電極107B係定義為供應來自RF電源111的RF功率至電漿產生容積109。吾人應當明瞭到RF電源111係經由匹配網路連接而使得RF功率能夠傳輸至夾盤電極107B。如之前所討論,在一實施例中,氣體分配單元115係電性連接至參考接地電位,使得氣體分配單元115當成電漿產生容積109的RF功率回流路徑中的參考接地電極。
氣體分配單元115係固持於電漿產生容積109及外周結構108上方的固定位置中。氣體分配單元115係定義為經由氣體供應埠119之配置來供應電漿處理氣體至電漿產生容積109。氣體分配單元115係更定義為包含通孔117之配置以容許流體自電漿產生容積109排出。各通孔117通過氣體分配單元115之薄板而自其上表面延伸至其下表面。
圖1B顯示依據本發明之一實施例的具有描繪通過氣體分配單元115的氣流及排出流之箭頭的圖1A之腔室100。如於圖1A及1B中所顯示,電漿處理氣體係自一或更多電漿處理氣體供應源118A/118B供應至氣體分配單元115。電漿處理氣體流過氣體分配單元115並流出氣體供應埠119進入電漿產生容積109。電漿處理氣體係自電漿產生容積109經由氣體分配單元115之通孔117排入排出歧管103。在圖1A及1B的實施例中,電漿產生容積109係密封成使電漿處理氣體僅經由氣體分配單元115之通孔117排入排出歧管103中。
在一實施例中,排出歧管103係經由閥101連接至真空泵102。可操作閥101以將排出歧管103流動性連接至泵浦102,藉以使得排出歧管103內的壓力能夠被釋放至泵浦102,使得在較高壓的電漿產生容積109內的電漿處理氣體將經由氣體分配單元115之通孔117流至較低壓的排出歧管103中,再經由閥101而至泵102,以自電漿產生容積109排出電漿處理氣體。
圖2顯示依據本發明之一實施例的腔室100之另一配置。在本實施例中,氣體分配單元115之通孔117係與腔室100之內部空腔100D流體連通。在本實施例中,電漿處理氣體係自電漿產生區域109經由氣體分配單元115之通孔117直接排入腔室100之內部空腔100D。腔室100之內部空腔100D內的電漿處理氣體係通過排出埠135而藉由泵浦137加以移除。在本實施例中,腔室100之內部空腔100D當成排出歧管使用。因此,將圖1A及1B之實施例的外結構構件104移除。並且,頂板100A被不包含閥101且不連接至泵浦102的頂板100E所取代。在本實施例中,腔室100之內部空腔100D內的壓力可相關於電漿產生容積109內的壓力加以控制,並因而控制經由氣體分配單元115之通孔117的電漿處理氣體排出流量。
吾人應當察知到氣體分配單元115所提供的雙軸向電漿處理氣體輸入及排出使在晶圓113上方具有實質均勻的中心至邊緣電漿密度的晶圓113之電漿處理得以實現。更具體而言,氣體分配單元115所提供的雙軸向電漿處理氣體輸入及排出預防電漿產生容積109內的徑向處理氣體流動,該流動可能導致中心至邊緣電漿密度分佈中的徑向不均勻性。再者,當必要時,氣體分配單元115所提供的雙軸向電漿處理氣體輸入及排出使具有在晶圓113上的實質短暫之電漿滯留時間的晶圓113之電漿處理得以實現。
圖3A顯示依據本發明之一實施例的氣體分配單元115之仰視圖。氣體供應埠119及通孔117之各者係定義為經由氣體分配單元115之下表面而開放式地流體連通。氣體供應埠119之配置係散佈於通孔117之配置之間。氣體供應埠119係通過氣體分配單元115而流動性連接至一或更多電漿處理氣體供應源118A/B,使得直接流體連通不存在於氣體分配單元115內的氣體供應埠119及通孔117之間。
圖3B顯示依據本發明之一實施例的氣體分配單元115之俯視圖。各通孔117係定義為經由氣體分配單元115之上表面而開放式地流體連通。然而,氣體供應埠119不經由氣體分配單元115之上表面而流體地曝露。因此,氣體供應埠119係定義為僅使電漿處理氣體流入電漿產生容積109。相反地,通孔117係定義為使能自電漿產生容積109流體連通至排出歧管103(或至圖2之實施例中的內部空腔100D)。通過氣體分配單元115之通孔117的流體流動主要由電漿產生區域109及排出歧管103(或圖2之實施例中的內部空腔100D)之間的壓力差異所控制。
吾人應當明瞭到氣體分配單元115用作RF回流路徑電極、電漿處理氣體歧管、及流體流動擋板。在各種實施例中,氣體分配單元115可由例如鋁、不鏽鋼、或相似物之電及熱的良導體且化學相容於電漿產生容積109中待實施的程序的金屬所形成。在各種實施例中,可將氣體分配單元115電性連接至參考接地電位或偏電壓來使得氣體分配單元115能夠具有RF回流路徑電極之功能。因此,氣體分配單元115針對電漿產生容積109提供接地電極。在一實施例中,夾盤電極107B及氣體分配單元115形成鄰近的一對一電源至接地的表面區域。氣體分配單元115相關於夾盤電極107B之配置使得電漿產生容積109內能夠形成電容耦合電漿。
在一實施例中,氣體分配單元115之曝露於電漿的部分由抗電漿材料之塗覆所保護。在一實施例中,抗電漿材料係形成為塗層。在另一實施例中,抗電漿材料係形成為保形地覆蓋氣體分配單元115之如薄板的保護性結構。在這些實施例之任一種中,抗電漿材料係固定於氣體分配單元115來確保抗電漿材料及氣體分配單元115之間適當的電及熱傳導。在抗電漿保護性結構的實施例中,保護性結構可藉由數個固定器、或在設於氣體分配單元115下方時藉由氣體分配單元115及外周結構108之間的加壓,而固定於氣體分配單元115。在各種實施例中,用來保護氣體分配單元115的抗電漿塗層/保護性結構可由矽氧樹脂、碳化矽、氧化矽、氧化釔、或針對其所曝露的電漿處理實質上提供適當的電漿阻抗、電傳導、及熱傳導的任何其他材料所形成。
氣體分配單元115係定義為可交換的構件。不同版本/型態之氣體分配單元115可定義為具有不同的氣體供應埠119及通孔117之配置。此外,一旦電漿破壞氣體分配單元115或其功能性,便可替換氣體分配單元115。
氣體供應埠119及通孔117之每一者係定義為使通過其中的流體流動最佳化,同時預防電漿不利的侵入其中。通過各氣體供應埠119及通孔117的流體流動及進入各氣體供應埠119及通孔117的電漿侵入係直接與其尺寸成比例。因此,必須定義各氣體供應埠119及通孔117,使得其尺寸足夠小以防止不利的電漿侵入其中,但維持足夠大來提供通過其中之適當的流體流動。在各種實施例中,氣體供應埠119之直徑係自約0.1 mm延伸至約3 mm的範圍之內的尺寸。在各種實施例中,通孔117之直徑係自約0.5 mm延伸至約5 mm的範圍之內的尺寸。然而,吾人應當明瞭,在各種實施例中,氣體供應埠119及通孔117可實質上以任何直徑尺寸個別加以定義,只要直徑尺寸提供通過其中之適當的流體流動,同時提供電漿侵入之適當抑制。
由於可直接控制流體流動至氣體供應埠119之壓力,因此可將氣體供應埠119定義成具有夠小的尺寸來實質上預防電漿侵入氣體供應埠119。然而,避免將氣體供應埠119定義成小至導致通過氣體供應埠119的超音速之流體流動是適當的。為了避免來自氣體供應埠119之超音速流體流動,氣體供應埠119可被定義為其在自氣體分配單元115之下表面之出口具有擴散器形狀。圖3C顯示依據本發明之一實施例的氣體供應埠119之橫剖面。氣體供應埠119係顯示為在其自氣體分配單元115之出口位置具有擴散器形狀307。
氣體分配單元115包含流動性連接於氣體供應埠119之配置的內部氣體供應通道。這些內部氣體供應通道係流動性連接於一或更多電漿處理氣體供應源118A/B。雖然圖1A、1B、及2之實施例為了易於描述而顯示兩個電漿處理氣體供應源118A/B,但是吾人應當明瞭到,可取決於氣體分配單元115及腔室100之具體配置,而實質上連接任何數量的電漿處理氣體供應源以供應電漿處理氣體至氣體分配單元115。再者,吾人應明瞭,內部氣體供應通道及相關的氣體供應埠119係定義在通孔117之配置之間,使得電漿處理氣體在進入通孔117之前被配送至電漿產生容積109。
在如圖3A中所描繪的一實施例中,氣體分配單元115內的內部氣體供應通道係定義為將氣體供應埠119之配置流動性分隔成在氣體分配單元115之下表面範圍內的複數個同心區域/分區115A、115B、115C,使得各複數個同心區域/分區115A、115B、115C內的電漿處理氣體至氣體供應埠119之流量可分別加以控制。在一實施例中,在各同心徑向區域/分區115A、115B、115C內的氣體供應埠119係流動性連接至各自的氣流控制裝置305A、305B、305C,使得電漿處理氣體至各同心徑向區域/分區115A、115B、115C之供應可獨立控制。
將氣體供應埠119分隔成可獨立控制的複數個同心區域/分區115A、115B、115C中容許電漿產生容積109內的中心至邊緣氣體供應控制,進而改善電漿產生容積109內的中心至邊緣電漿均勻性控制。雖然圖3A之例示實施例顯示三同心氣體供應區域/分區115A、115B、115C,但吾人應明瞭可將氣體分配單元115定義為包含更多或更少之可獨立控制的氣體供應區域/分區。舉例來說,在另一實施例中,氣體分配單元115係定義為包含兩個可獨立控制的同心氣體供應區域/分區。
在一實施例中,通孔117之數量大於氣體供應埠119之數量,以容許來自電漿產生容積109之適當的流體排出流量。再者,通孔117可被定義為具有大於氣體供應埠119之尺寸,以容許來自電漿產生容積109之適當的流體排出流量。然而,如之前所討論,通孔117之尺寸受到限制以預防來自電漿產生容積109之不利的電漿侵入至通孔117內。
在一實施例中,流量控制板係設於氣體分配單元115之上表面上來控制哪個通孔117針對來自電漿產生容積109之流體排出而開放。圖4A顯示依據本發明之一實施例的設於氣體分配單元115之上表面302上的流量控制板401。在一實施例中,流量控制板401係定義為具有在自約3 mm延伸至約6 mm範圍之內的厚度403之圓盤。流量控制板401圓盤係定義為具有足以覆蓋藉以控制流量的通孔117之直徑。在一實施例中,流量控制板401圓盤係定義為具有覆蓋氣體分配單元115之上表面的直徑。
在一實施例中,流量控制板401係由導電且導熱的材料所形成,且係固定於氣體分配單元115來確保流量控制板401及氣體分配單元115之間的適當的電及熱傳導。在一實施例中,流量控制板401係藉由數個固定器固定於氣體分配單元115。再者,在各種實施例中,流量控制板401可藉由如以上所討論之關於氣體分配單元115者的抗電漿塗層加以覆蓋及保護。
在一實施例中,孔的複數種形式係定義為通過流量控制板401。流量控制板401內的孔的複數種形式之各者對齊於氣體分配單元115內的不同組的通孔117。氣體分配單元115之上表面上的流量控制板401在流量控制板401相關於氣體分配單元115之上表面的特定旋轉位置的配置,係對應至流量控制板401內之孔的複數種形式之特定一者與其氣體分配單元115內的對應組的通孔117的對準。延伸通過流量控制板401的孔的複數種形式之各者係定義為使不同數量或不同空間形式的通孔117在氣體分配單元115內曝露。因此,可藉由將流量控制板401設定在相關於氣體分配單元115之上表面的特定旋轉位置而控制經由氣體分配單元115之流體排出。
圖4B顯示依據本發明之一實施例的流量控制板401之俯視圖,該流量控制板401係定位成使定義於其中的孔405形式允許通過定義於下方的氣體分配單元115內之所有通孔117的流動。圖4C顯示依據本發明之一實施例的流量控制板401之俯視圖,該流量控制板401係定位成使定義於其中的孔405形式允許僅通過定義於下方的氣體分配單元115內之通孔117的一部分的流動。再者,在其他實施例中,流量控制板401中的複數種形式之孔405係定義為容許經由氣體分配單元115之不同空間形式的流體排出流。
圖4D顯示依據本發明之一實施例的由數個可同心旋轉的流量控制板407A、407B、407C所定義的流量控制板組件401A之俯視圖。可獨立設定各同心之可旋轉的流量控制板407A、407B、407C來提供對氣體分配單元115內哪個通孔117開啟或關閉的中心至邊緣控制。具體來說,流量控制板組件401A包含以同心方式設於氣體分配單元115之上表面上的中心圓盤407A及數個同心環407B/407C。吾人應明瞭圖4D之特定配置係提供用來舉例。其他實施例可包含不同於圖4D中所顯示的數量的同心之可旋轉的流量控制板。
中心圓盤407A及數個同心環407B/407C之每一者各包含延伸通過其中的複數種孔的形式。複數種孔的形式之各者對齊於氣體分配單元115內的不同組的通孔117,使得氣體分配單元115之上表面上的中心圓盤407A及同心環407B/407C之各者在相關於氣體分配單元115之上表面的特定旋轉位置的配置對應至孔的複數種形式之特定一者與氣體分配單元115內的其對應組之通孔117的對齊。延伸通過中心圓盤407A及同心環407B/407C之複數種孔的形式之各者係定義為將不同數量或不同空間形式的通孔117於氣體分配單元115內曝露。
吾人應明瞭電漿產生容積109係作成包含受限電漿之尺寸。受限電漿在其滯留時間可藉由控制電漿區域內,即電漿產生容積109內的容積、壓力、及流量來加以控制方面為有利的。電漿滯留時間影響自由基/中性粒子形成之因素的解離處理。再者,電漿滯留時間影響晶圓113上發生的沉積或蝕刻量,該沉積或蝕刻量為執行如原子層沉積或原子層蝕刻的短滯留時間處理的重要因素。電漿產生容積109為小型的、且有關壓力及溫度之控制良好。在各種實施例中,電漿產生容積109內的壓力可被控制在自約5 mTorr延伸至約100 mTorr、或自約10 mTorr延伸至約30 mTorr、或自約100 mTorr延伸至約1 Torr、或自約200 mTorr延伸至約600 mTorr的範圍之內。
吾人應察知,因為氣體係垂直抽出而非可能導致晶圓113範圍內的徑向壓力分佈的徑向抽出,所以氣體分配單元115所提供的雙軸向電漿處理氣體輸入及排出使得能夠在晶圓113範圍內精確控制壓力均勻性。雙軸向電漿處理氣體輸入及排出亦允許例如需要如小於毫秒之短暫電漿滯留時間的原子層沉積或原子層蝕刻的低流量應用中的滯留時間之精確控制。
圖5顯示依據本發明之一實施例的半導體晶圓處理的方法之流程圖。該方法包含操作501,用來將半導體晶圓夾持在實質上平行於氣體分配單元的方向,使得半導體晶圓及氣體分配單元之間形成電漿處理容積。在一實施例中,氣體分配單元係定義為在電漿處理容積之整體的上方延伸的薄板。再者,在一實施例中,半導體晶圓係夾持於夾盤之上表面上。該方法亦包含操作503,用來使電漿處理氣體朝實質上垂直於半導體晶圓的方向自氣體分配單元內流入電漿處理容積。此外,執行操作505以引導來自電漿處理容積內經由氣體分配單元朝實質上垂直於半導體晶圓的方向的電漿處理氣體之排出流。經由氣體分配單元的電漿處理氣體之排出流係來自電漿處理容積內的電漿處理氣體之唯一排出流。
該方法更包含操作507,用來傳輸RF功率至電漿處理容積以將電漿處理氣體轉換成接觸半導體晶圓的電漿。在一實施例中,夾持半導體晶圓的夾盤係運作為電極以將RF功率傳輸至電漿處理容積。且在該方法中,來自氣體分配單元的電漿處理氣體之排出流被接收至排出區域內。泵浦係運作以對流動性連接於排出區域的閥提供吸力。並且,閥係運作以控制脫離排出區域的排出流,並因此控制自電漿產生容積經由氣體分配單元流至排出區域內的的排出流。
在一實施例中,操作503包含使電漿處理氣體自氣體分配單元內的複數個可獨立控制的氣體供應分區流入電漿處理容積內。在本實施例中,通過複數個氣體供應分區的電漿處理氣體之個別流量被控制使得能夠控制半導體晶圓範圍內的電漿密度。再者,在本實施例之一實施方式中,複數個可獨立控制的氣體供應分區係同心地定義在氣體分配單元的範圍內。此外,在一實施例中,使電漿處理氣體自氣體分配單元內流入電漿處理容積、以及將電漿處理氣體之排出流自電漿處理容積內引導經過氣體分配單元,係以脈衝方式執行以控制接觸半導體晶圓的電漿之滯留時間。
儘管本發明已利用若干實施例之形式加以敘述,但是吾人仍將察知,熟悉本技術領域者在閱讀前述說明及研讀圖式後,將明瞭各種變化、增添、變換及其均等物。因此,欲使本發明包含落於本發明之真正精神及範圍之內的所有此變化、增添、變換及均等物。
100‧‧‧腔室
100A‧‧‧頂板
100B‧‧‧底板
100C‧‧‧壁
100D‧‧‧內部空腔
100E‧‧‧頂板
101‧‧‧閥
102‧‧‧泵浦
103‧‧‧排出歧管
104‧‧‧外結構構件
105‧‧‧閘門閥
107A‧‧‧夾盤主體
107B‧‧‧夾盤電極
108‧‧‧外周結構
109‧‧‧電漿產生容積
111‧‧‧RF電源
113‧‧‧晶圓
115‧‧‧氣體分配單元
115A‧‧‧同心區域/分區
115B‧‧‧同心區域/分區
115C‧‧‧同心區域/分區
117‧‧‧通孔
118A‧‧‧電漿處理氣體供應源
118B‧‧‧電漿處理氣體供應源
119‧‧‧氣體供應埠
123‧‧‧箭頭
135‧‧‧排出埠
137‧‧‧泵浦
139‧‧‧密封墊
149‧‧‧石英聚焦環
302‧‧‧上表面
305A‧‧‧氣體流量控制裝置
305B‧‧‧氣體流量控制裝置
305C‧‧‧氣體流量控制裝置
307‧‧‧擴散器形狀
401‧‧‧流量控制板
401A‧‧‧流量控制板組件
403‧‧‧厚度
405‧‧‧孔
407A‧‧‧中心圓盤
407B‧‧‧同心環
407C‧‧‧同心環
501‧‧‧操作
503‧‧‧操作
505‧‧‧操作
507‧‧‧操作
100A‧‧‧頂板
100B‧‧‧底板
100C‧‧‧壁
100D‧‧‧內部空腔
100E‧‧‧頂板
101‧‧‧閥
102‧‧‧泵浦
103‧‧‧排出歧管
104‧‧‧外結構構件
105‧‧‧閘門閥
107A‧‧‧夾盤主體
107B‧‧‧夾盤電極
108‧‧‧外周結構
109‧‧‧電漿產生容積
111‧‧‧RF電源
113‧‧‧晶圓
115‧‧‧氣體分配單元
115A‧‧‧同心區域/分區
115B‧‧‧同心區域/分區
115C‧‧‧同心區域/分區
117‧‧‧通孔
118A‧‧‧電漿處理氣體供應源
118B‧‧‧電漿處理氣體供應源
119‧‧‧氣體供應埠
123‧‧‧箭頭
135‧‧‧排出埠
137‧‧‧泵浦
139‧‧‧密封墊
149‧‧‧石英聚焦環
302‧‧‧上表面
305A‧‧‧氣體流量控制裝置
305B‧‧‧氣體流量控制裝置
305C‧‧‧氣體流量控制裝置
307‧‧‧擴散器形狀
401‧‧‧流量控制板
401A‧‧‧流量控制板組件
403‧‧‧厚度
405‧‧‧孔
407A‧‧‧中心圓盤
407B‧‧‧同心環
407C‧‧‧同心環
501‧‧‧操作
503‧‧‧操作
505‧‧‧操作
507‧‧‧操作
圖1A顯示依據本發明之一實施例的半導體晶圓處理設備。
圖1B顯示依據本發明之一實施例的具有描繪通過氣體分配單元的氣流及排出流之箭頭的圖1A之腔室。
圖2顯示依據本發明之一實施例的腔室之另一配置。
圖3A顯示依據本發明之一實施例的氣體分配單元之仰視圖。
圖3B顯示依據本發明之一實施例的氣體分配單元之俯視圖。
圖3C顯示依據本發明之一實施例的氣體供應埠之橫剖面。
圖4A顯示依據本發明之一實施例的設於氣體分配單元之上表面上的流量控制板。
圖4B顯示依據本發明之一實施例的流量控制板之俯視圖,該流量控制板係定位成使定義於其中的孔形式允許通過定義於下方的氣體分配單元內之所有通孔的流動。
圖4C顯示依據本發明之一實施例的流量控制板之俯視圖,該流量控制板係定位成使定義於其中的孔形式允許僅通過定義於下方的氣體分配單元內之通孔的一部分的流動。
圖4D顯示依據本發明之一實施例的由數個可旋轉的同心流量控制板所定義的流量控制板組件之俯視圖。
圖5顯示依據本發明之一實施例的半導體晶圓處理用的方法之流程圖。
100‧‧‧腔室
100A‧‧‧頂板
100B‧‧‧底板
100C‧‧‧壁
100D‧‧‧內部空腔
101‧‧‧閥
102‧‧‧泵浦
103‧‧‧排出歧管
104‧‧‧外結構構件
105‧‧‧閘門閥
107A‧‧‧夾盤主體
107B‧‧‧夾盤電極
108‧‧‧外周結構
109‧‧‧電漿產生容積
111‧‧‧RF電源
113‧‧‧晶圓
115‧‧‧氣體分配單元
117‧‧‧通孔
118A‧‧‧電漿處理氣體供應源
118B‧‧‧電漿處理氣體供應源
119‧‧‧氣體供應埠
123‧‧‧箭頭
135‧‧‧排出埠
137‧‧‧泵浦
139‧‧‧密封墊
149‧‧‧石英聚焦環
Claims (25)
- 一種半導體晶圓處理設備,該設備包含: 一夾盤,包含一電極,該夾盤曝露至一電漿產生容積,該電極係定義為傳輸射頻功率至該電漿產生容積,該夾盤具有一上表面,該上表面係定義為夾持曝露於該電漿產生容積之一基板,該夾盤具有頂部表面,其圍繞該電極之頂部表面之外周; 一氣體分配單元,設置於該電漿產生容積上方且朝向相關於該夾盤之一實質上平行方向,該氣體分配單元係定義為包含定義為朝實質上垂直於該夾盤的該上表面之一方向引導一電漿處理氣體之一輸入流進入該電漿產生容積的氣體供應埠之配置,該氣體分配單元係更定義為包含每一者延伸通過該氣體分配單元以將該電漿產生容積流動性連接至一排出區域的通孔之配置,其中該通孔之各者係定義為朝實質上垂直於該夾盤的該上表面之一方向引導來自該電漿產生容積的該電漿處理氣體之一排出流,其中該氣體分配單元係定義為一薄板,該薄板係形成為使該電漿產生容積與該排出區域分隔,且其中該氣體供應埠之配置中的每一氣體供應埠係定義在該薄板的一下表面,以容許分配該電漿處理氣體至該電漿產生容積;及 一流量控制板,設置於該氣體分配單元的一上表面,該流量控制板係定義為控制在一特定時間該通孔其中哪些為關閉的、及該通孔其中哪些為暴露的以引導來自該電漿產生容積的該電漿處理氣體之該排出流。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體晶圓處理設備,其中該流量控制板為一圓盤,該圓盤具有定義為通過該圓盤之孔的複數種形式。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體晶圓處理設備,其中孔的該複數種形式之各者在相關於該氣體分配單元的該上表面之該圓盤的一對應旋轉位置對齊於不同組的通孔。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之半導體晶圓處理設備,其中孔的該複數種形式之各者係定義為使不同數量或不同空間形式的通孔在該氣體分配單元內曝露。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體晶圓處理設備,更包含: 一外周結構,具有頂部表面及底部表面,且形成為以實心形式延伸於其頂部表面與底部表面之間,該外周結構的底部表面設於該夾盤之頂部表面上,該氣體分配單元設於該外周結構之頂部表面上。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之半導體晶圓處理設備,其中該外周結構定義為圍繞且包圍該電漿產生容積之一周長,使得圍繞該電漿產生容積之該周長的該外周結構之底部表面與該夾盤之頂部表面之間存在不中斷的流體密封,並使得圍繞該電漿產生容積之該周長的該外周結構之頂部表面與該氣體分配單元之間存在不中斷的流體密封。
- 一種半導體晶圓處理用的系統,該系統包含: 一腔室,定義為具有一內部空腔; 一夾盤,設於該腔室的該內部空腔之內,該夾盤具有定義為夾持曝露於一電漿產生容積之ㄧ基板的一上表面,該夾盤係定義為供應射頻功率至該電漿產生容積; 一氣體分配單元,定義為以實質上平行於該夾盤之該上表面的關係在該電漿產生容積範圍之內延伸,該氣體分配單元係定義為包含氣體供應埠之配置,該氣體供應埠係定義為引導一電漿處理氣體之ㄧ輸入流進入該電漿產生容積,該氣體分配單元係更定義為包含通孔之配置; 一流量控制板,設置於該氣體分配單元的一上表面,該流量控制板係定義為控制該通孔其中哪些在一特定時間為暴露的以使該電漿產生容積流動性連接至一排出區域、及該通孔其中哪些在該特定時間為關閉的, 該排出區域,定義於該腔室之內、該氣體分配單元上方,使得該流量控制板所暴露的該通孔之各者將該電漿產生容積流動性連接至該排出區域,其中該流量控制板所暴露的該通孔係用以自該電漿產生容積排出氣體的唯一裝置;及 一泵浦,流動性連接至該排出區域以自該排出區域移除氣體。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,其中該流量控制板為一圓盤,該圓盤具有定義為通過該圓盤之孔的複數種形式,使得孔的該複數種形式之各者在相關於該氣體分配單元的該上表面之該圓盤的一對應旋轉位置對齊於不同組的通孔。
- 如申請專利範圍8項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,其中孔的該複數種形式之各者係定義為使不同數量或不同空間形式的該通孔在該氣體分配單元內曝露。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,其中該氣體分配單元係定義為一薄板,該薄板係形成為使該電漿產生容積與該排出區域分隔,且其中該氣體供應埠之配置中的每一氣體供應埠係定義在該薄板的一下表面且具有一擴散器形狀以容許分配該電漿處理氣體至該電漿產生容積。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,其中該通孔之配置的每一通孔係定義為在該薄板之該下表面,使得每一通孔被該薄板之該下表面的一些部分從相鄰的氣體供應埠隔開。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,其中該氣體分配單位包含內部氣體供應通道,該內部氣體供應通道係流動性連接至該氣體供應埠之配置,該內部氣體供應通道係定義為將該氣體供應埠之配置流動性分隔成複數個氣體供應區域,該複數個氣體供應區域包含一中心氣體供應區域及一或更多環狀氣體供應區域,該一或更多環狀氣體供應區域係相關於該中心氣體供應區域而同心地定義在氣體分配單元的範圍內,使得該一或更多環狀氣體供應區域之各者圍繞該中心氣體供應區域。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,更包含: 數個氣流控制裝置,對應至該氣體供應埠之配置分隔成的該複數個氣體供應區域,其中該複數個氣體供應區域其中一特定者之每一氣體供應埠係流動性連接至相同的氣流控制裝置,且其中該複數個氣體供應區域其中不同者之氣體供應埠係流動性連接至不同的氣流控制裝置以容許對該複數個氣體供應區域的獨立控制。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,更包含: 一外周結構,設於該夾盤上且定義為圍繞且包圍該電漿產生容積之一周長,使得圍繞該電漿產生容積之該周長的該外周結構與該夾盤之間存在不中斷的流體密封。
- 如申請專利範圍第14項之半導體晶圓處理用的系統,其中該氣體分配單元係設於該外周結構上,使得圍繞該電漿產生容積之該周長的該外周結構與該氣體分配單元之間存在不中斷的流體密封。
- 一種半導體晶圓處理用的方法,該方法包含: 將一外周結構定位於一夾盤之頂部表面上以在該外周結構之底部表面與該夾盤之頂部表面之間形成不中斷的流體密封,該外周結構以實心形式從該外周結構之頂部表面延伸至該外周結構之底部表面,該外周結構圍繞且包圍在該夾盤上方的一電漿處理容積之一周長; 將一氣體分配單元定位於該電漿處理容積上方以朝向相關於該夾盤之一實質上平行方向而在該電漿產生容積範圍之內延伸、及在圍繞該電漿產生容積之該周長的該外周結構之頂部表面與該氣體分配單元之間形成不中斷的流體密封,該氣體分配單元使該電漿產生容積與一排出區域分隔,該氣體分配單元包含氣體供應埠之配置,該氣體分配單元係用以引導一電漿處理氣體之ㄧ輸入流進入該電漿產生容積,該氣體分配單元包含每一者延伸通過該氣體分配單元以將該電漿產生容積流動性連接至該排出區域的通孔之配置;及 控制該通孔之配置的通孔其中一子組對該排出區域開啟、及該通孔之配置的其餘者對該排出區域關閉。
- 如申請專利範圍第16項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,其中控制該通孔之該子組係藉由將一流量控制板定位在該氣體分配單元的一上表面上而執行,該流量控制板係用以使該通孔之該子組暴露於該排出區域、及覆蓋該通孔之配置其中未被包含在該通孔之該子組中的其餘者。
- 如申請專利範圍第16項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,其中該氣體供應埠之配置中的每一氣體供應埠係用以朝實質上垂直於該夾盤之頂部表面之一方向引導該電漿處理氣體之該輸入流進入該電漿產生容積。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,其中該通孔之配置中的每一通孔係用以朝實質上垂直於該夾盤之頂部表面之一方向引導來自該電漿產生容積的一排出流至該排出區域。
- 如申請專利範圍第16項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,更包含: 將射頻功率傳輸至存在於該夾盤中的一電極,藉此該射頻功率從該電極傳輸通過該電漿產生容積。
- 如申請專利範圍第20項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,更包含: 將該氣體分配單元電性連接於一參考接地電位,使得該氣體分配單元提供用於該電漿產生容積之一接地電極,該氣體分配單元係由一導電材料所形成。
- 如申請專利範圍第21項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,更包含: 使該電漿處理氣體流過該氣體分配單元至該電漿產生容積中;及 降低該排出區域中之壓力以通過該氣體分配單元中的該通孔之配置而將氣體從該電漿產生容積抽取至該排出區域中。
- 如申請專利範圍第22項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,更包含: 控制朝垂直於該夾盤之頂部表面的一方向跨越該電漿產生容積的一距離。
- 如申請專利範圍第22項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,更包含: 將該氣體供應埠之配置分隔成複數個氣體供應區域;及 獨立地控制至該複數個氣體供應區域之各者的電漿處理氣體之流動。
- 如申請專利範圍第24項之半導體晶圓處理用的方法,該複數個氣體供應區域包含一中心氣體供應區域及一或更多環狀氣體供應區域,該一或更多環狀氣體供應區域係相關於該中心氣體供應區域而同心地定義在氣體分配單元的範圍內,使得該一或更多環狀氣體供應區域之各者圍繞該中心氣體供應區域。
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Cited By (2)
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TWI803524B (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2023-06-01 | 美商蘭姆研究公司 | 用於電漿處理室之電極、使用該電極的電漿處理系統、及製造該電極的方法 |
TWI795969B (zh) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-03-11 | 大陸商中微半導體設備(上海)股份有限公司 | 用於電容耦合等離子處理器阻抗特性測量的測量裝置和方法、電容耦合等離子處理器 |
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TW201214557A (en) | 2012-04-01 |
CN105845535A (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
KR20130093110A (ko) | 2013-08-21 |
CN105845535B (zh) | 2017-12-26 |
CN103053012B (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
WO2012018448A2 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
KR101871521B1 (ko) | 2018-08-02 |
SG187256A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
TWI546857B (zh) | 2016-08-21 |
US20120034786A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
SG10201506065YA (en) | 2015-09-29 |
TWI609425B (zh) | 2017-12-21 |
US8869742B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
US9793128B2 (en) | 2017-10-17 |
WO2012018448A3 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
US20150004793A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
CN103053012A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
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