TW201616730A - Antenna system and method to detect abnormal tissue - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an antenna system and method to detect abnormal tissues, comprising: arranging plural antennas with high directivity around a detection space circumferentially, the antennas are connected to a control analysis device; when a site to be tested or tissues to be tested is located in the detection space, the control analysis device controls some of antennas to emit the detection signal to pass through the detection space. At this time, each antenna can receive the signal. By integrating and determining the characteristics of reception signal of each antenna, the control analysis device can identify the existence of abnormal tissue in the tissues to be tested and the axial direction of its location.

Description

Antenna system and method capable of detecting abnormal tissue

The present invention is a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna system constructed by using a directional radiation antenna to detect the presence or absence of abnormal tissue in a biological tissue.

Current techniques for detecting human body and imaging human tissue abnormalities include Ultrasonic testing (UT), X-ray detection, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Positron Emission. Tomography, PET) and Computed Tomography (CT). Compared with applicable objects, detection efficiency, detection cost, imaging sensitivity, radioactive hazard and false positive, each has its own advantages and disadvantages, but as long as it is a high-sensitivity detection technology, it is relatively high in radioactivity. doubt.

Taking breast cancer as an example, medically, the symptoms of breast cancer are divided into five stages, which are mainly based on the size of breast cancer tumors. Currently, the commonly used breast cancer detection items include self-test, physician diagnosis and palpation, X-ray examination, and ultrasonic examination. Resonance, etc., but in the current test, only zero-stage breast cancer can be detected by X-ray.

In recent years, the technology of using wireless microwave to detect abnormal tissue of human body has been proposed, mainly by using microwave signal transmission and attenuation characteristics of medium to determine whether abnormal tissue exists. This technology is detected by non-contact method, and the subject is not detected. The tissue is contacted or oppressed and feels uncomfortable. It does not require any medication to be taken first. It is a more comfortable method of detection. At present, the microwave antenna element is used as the main component in the detection system, but not only the structure of the microwave antenna element itself is difficult to design, but the cost of the overall detection system is relatively expensive, and further improvement is needed.

The main object of the present invention is to provide an antenna system capable of detecting abnormal tissue, and using a relatively simple antenna structure to achieve the purpose of detecting the presence or absence of abnormal tissue and the axial position of the position.

In order to achieve the foregoing objective, the antenna system for detecting abnormal tissue of the present invention comprises: a plurality of antennas, each of which is a directional radiation antenna, the plurality of antennas surrounding a detection space, the detection space being accommodating The to-be-detected tissue, wherein: the plurality of antennas include at least a first antenna and a second antenna, and the first antenna and the second antenna are oppositely disposed along a first axis, the first antenna is oriented The detection space transmits a detection signal; a control analysis device is connected to the plurality of antennas, controls transmission of the detection signal, and analyzes signals received by the antennas.

The detection space is provided for the tissue or the part to be detected. When the control analysis device controls the antenna to transmit the detection signal, it analyzes the signal received by each antenna, for example, according to the signal, determines the propagation coefficient and reflection coefficient of the antenna, and the like. From the judgment result, it can be concluded whether the abnormal tissue (such as a tumor) exists in the tissue to be detected and the axial direction of the position thereof.

The antenna used in the antenna system of the present invention mainly uses a high directivity radiation antenna as a transceiving component of a microwave signal, and the directional radiation antenna itself has a good directivity radiation field type, such as one of the cone antenna groups. Tapered Slot Antenna (TSA), which has a special architecture for its directional radiation. The common progressive slot antenna can be further subdivided into a Linear Tapered Slot Antenna (LTSA) and an Exponential Tapered Slot Antenna (ETSA). The antenna is required to have high directivity, so that the radiation field type can be concentrated in the direction of the human body when the antenna transmits and receives signals.

The directional radiation antenna of the present invention operates on an Ultra Wide Band (UWB), that is, between 3.1 GHz and 10.6 GHz, because the antenna operating in the ultra-wide frequency range has a short pulse and a large operation bandwidth, and has a low frequency. The power consumption, the difficulty of being disturbed by noise, high transmission speed and precise positioning.

The tissue to be detected applied in the present invention is taken as an example of the breast tissue of the human body, and is used for judging whether or not abnormal tissue is present in the breast tissue, for example, whether a breast cancer tumor appears. In the following description, the 1T2R (one transmit two receive) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system architecture description will be first introduced, and the 1T4R multiple input multiple output antenna system architecture will be further introduced.

Referring first to FIG. 1, the 1T2R multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system includes a first antenna 11, a second antenna 12, and a control analysis device 20. The first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the to-be-detected tissue 30, but are not in contact with the to-be-detected tissue 30, wherein the first antenna 11 has both signal transmitting and receiving functions. The second antenna 12 is only responsible for signal reception; the control device 20 is connected to the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, and controls signal transmission and reception of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 according to the received signal. Analyze.

The tissue to be detected 30 is a computer-simulated long cubic breast tissue having a skin layer 31 having a size of 100 mm × 50 mm × 1 mm and a fat layer 32 of 100 mm × 50 mm × 50 mm, and having a size of 5 mm inside the tissue to be detected 30 × An abnormal tissue 40 of 5 mm x 5 mm. The skin layer 31, the fat layer 32, and the abnormal structure 40 have a dielectric constant of 36, 36, 50, respectively, and the conductivity coefficients are 4, 0.4, and 4, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 2, when the abnormal tissue 40 is added to the tissue to be detected 30, the difference between the reference waveforms B and C, the propagation coefficient can be found (S ₂₁ , Transmission coefficient, and the second antenna 12 receives the first antenna 11 The change in the ratio of the transmitted signals differs by about 25 dB. If the size of the abnormal tissue 40 is further changed, reference may be made to FIG. 3, and waveforms B, C, D, and E represent 1×1×1, 3×3×3, 5×5×5, and 20×20×20, respectively. Abnormal tissue 40 (in mm), waveform A is a normal tissue, and it can be clearly seen that the larger the abnormal tissue 40, the worse the propagation coefficient. Therefore, it can be known that the abnormal tissue is present according to the signal transmission and reception changes of the pair of antennas, and the size of the abnormal tissue 40 can be estimated based on the change of the propagation coefficient.

4 and 5 are schematic diagrams showing the application of the 1T4R multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system according to the present invention. The system includes a first antenna 11 to a fourth antenna 14 and a control analyzing device 20, the first antenna The 11 to fourth antennas 14 are circumferentially arranged around a detection space. The first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are disposed opposite to each other along a first axial direction (such as a Y-axis), and the first antenna 11 can transmit a detection signal and can receive a reflected signal. When one antenna 11 transmits a detection signal, the other antennas 12 to 14 can receive the detection signal transmitted by the first antenna 11. The third antenna 13 and the fourth antenna 14 are disposed opposite to each other along a second axial direction (such as an X-axis). The first axial direction and the second axial direction are perpendicular to each other, and the third antenna 13 is responsible for transmitting a detection signal and The reflected signal is received, and when the third antenna 13 transmits the detection signal, the other antennas 12 to 14 receive the detection signal emitted by the third antenna 13. The control analyzing device 20 is connected to the first antenna 11 to the fourth antenna 14, and controls the first antenna 11 and the third antenna 13 to transmit the detection signal at different times, and receives the first antenna 11 to the fourth antenna. 14 received signals for analysis.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the simulation is performed, the tissue to be detected 30 is disposed in the detection space, and the abnormal tissue 40 is placed on the signal transmission path between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12. Therefore, it can be seen from FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 that since the abnormal tissue 40 exists between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ , S ₂₂ parameter waveform has only a single mode characteristic ( B, C waveform approximation), but there is no abnormal structure 40 between the third antenna 13 and the fourth antenna 14, and the reflection coefficients S ₃₃ and S _{44 have} waveform changes as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 . (B, C waveform is significantly different), representing that the tissue 30 to be detected in this direction is a normal tissue. Therefore, the axial direction of the abnormal tissue 40 can be judged by using two pairs of antenna elements provided in different axial directions.

If the detection area is large, the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 may be further moved synchronously along the second axial direction (Y direction), or the third antenna 13 and the fourth antenna 14 may be synchronized along the first direction. Moving axially (X direction), or each antenna 11~14 can also move synchronously along the third axial direction (Z direction) but still remain on the same XY plane, thereby completely scanning the tissue 30 to be detected And determining the location of the abnormal tissue 40 according to the reflection coefficient of each antenna. Furthermore, in addition to the aforementioned embodiments of 1T2R, 1T4R, the number of antennas can also be increased depending on the needs or practical applications.

In the embodiment of the 1T2R or 1T4R described above, the antennas 11 to 14 are all arranged in the same XY plane, but as shown in FIG. 12, the present invention can also provide the antennas 15, 16 on the X-axis, for example, the fifth antenna 15 And the sixth antenna 16 to improve the accuracy of the detection result.

As mentioned before, each antenna is a directional radiation antenna and can therefore be constructed from known directional radiation antenna elements. In addition, the present invention also provides another planar dipole antenna as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , which includes a substrate 51 having an insulating material and first antenna portions 52A respectively disposed on the front and back surfaces of the substrate 50 and The second antenna portion 52B is a conductive layer and is located on the opposite side of the substrate 50, and is symmetrically arranged in a projection relationship.

The first antenna portion 52A and the second antenna portion 52B each have a radiating portion 53A, 53B and a feeding portion 54A, 54B. The radiating portions 53A, 53B are a complete conductive layer. For convenience of explanation, the radiating portions 53A, 53B are regarded as a first radiating region 530A, 530B having a trapezoidal shape and a substantially fan-shaped second radiating region 531A. 531B is connected, wherein the upper bottom of the first radiating regions 530A, 530B is in contact with the straight sides of the second radiating regions 531A, 531B, and the two first radiating regions 530A, 530B form a triangular overlapping portion. The feed portions 54A, 54B extend from the lower bottom of the first radiating regions 530A, 530B and are located in the middle of the edge of the substrate 50. The two feed portions 54A, 54B are completely overlapped and have a width _Wf .

A line extending from the oblique waist of the first radiating region 530A, 530B and the center line of the substrate 50 may constitute a first angle θ1. The second radiant regions 531A, 531B of the sector are connected to the corners of the substrate 50 at a quarter arc length to obtain a second tangential line L2, and the second tangential line L2 forms a second angle θ2 with the edge of the substrate 50. The linear distance from the center C of the second radiating regions 531A, 531B passing through the sector is a radius r which is at an angle of 45 degrees to the edge of the substrate 50. By adjusting parameters such as the feeding portion width W _f , the first angle θ1, the second angle θ2, and the radius r, characteristics such as impedance bandwidth, impedance matching, and directivity of the antenna can be adjusted, for example, the first angle θ1 can change the pointing direction. Sex, the second angle θ2 can adjust the high frequency matching, the radius r can change the operating bandwidth, and the feeding portion width W _f can change the impedance matching.

According to the foregoing description of the antenna system, the method for detecting abnormal tissue of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 13, and includes the following steps:

Having a plurality of pairs of antennas (S11) arranged in different axial directions around a detection space, wherein each antenna is a directional radiation antenna, and the detection space is adapted to accommodate a tissue to be detected;

Controlling at least one of the plurality of antennas to transmit a detection signal toward the detection space (S12);

Receiving and analyzing the signal received by each antenna (S13), wherein when analyzing the signal received by the antenna, determining the propagation coefficient and the reflection coefficient of the antenna according to the signal;

The abnormal tissue is judged (S14), and based on the analysis result of the letter, it is judged whether the tissue to be detected located in the detection space has an abnormal tissue and its size and the axial direction of the position.

In step S11, each pair of antennas is disposed along the same axial direction, for example, the first pair of antennas are disposed along the first axis, the second pair of antennas are disposed along the second axis, and so on. The plurality of antennas may be arranged in the same plane or may be arranged on different planes.

In step S12, the antennas of different axial directions can be controlled to transmit detection signals at different time points, for example, one antenna controlling the first axial direction transmits a detection signal toward the detection space at a first time, and the second axial direction is controlled at a second time. The other antenna transmits a detection signal toward the detection space.

In summary, the present invention uses a high directivity radiating element to detect a part to be tested under the MIMO architecture, and detects abnormal tissue generation and position by a non-contact operation, using a plurality of antennas. Wide-area detection can be achieved to reduce dead angles and improve detection speed. When abnormal tissue is present, the measured antenna characteristics will be significantly different from normal tissue, so the results measured by the detection method of the present invention can be used as a relatively reliable intermediate result for reference by professionals to facilitate subsequent implementation. Accurate inspection and testing operations.

11‧‧‧First antenna
12‧‧‧second antenna
13‧‧‧ third antenna
14‧‧‧fourth antenna
20‧‧‧Control analysis device
30‧‧‧To be tested
31‧‧‧ skin layer
32‧‧‧Fat layer
40‧‧‧Abnormal organization
50‧‧‧Directional radiation antenna
51‧‧‧Substrate
52A‧‧‧First Antenna Section
52B‧‧‧second antenna unit
53A, 53B‧‧‧ Radiation Department
530A, 530B‧‧‧First Radiation Zone
531A, 531B‧‧‧second radiation zone
54A, 54B‧‧‧Feeding Department

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the application of the 1T2R (1 transmit 2 receive) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system of the present invention. Figure 2: Isolation waveform of a 1T2R multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system. Figure 3: Corresponding isolation change graph for different abnormal tissues. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the application of the 1T4R multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system of the present invention. Figure 5 is a top plan view of a 1T4R multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system of the present invention. Figure 6: Diagram of the 1T4R multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system and the tissue to be detected S ₁₁ . Figure 7: Diagram of the 1T4R multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system versus the tissue to be detected S ₂₂ . Figure 8: Diagram of the 1T4R Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system and the tissue to be detected S ₃₃ . Figure 9: Diagram of the 1T4R Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system versus the tissue to be detected S ₄₄ . Figure 10: A perspective view of a directional radiation antenna. Figure 11: Plan view of a directional radiation antenna. Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of three-dimensional alignment of antennas in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system of the present invention. Figure 13: Flow chart of the method of the present invention.

11‧‧‧First antenna

12‧‧‧second antenna

13‧‧‧ third antenna

14‧‧‧fourth antenna

20‧‧‧Control analysis device

30‧‧‧To be tested

31‧‧‧ skin layer

32‧‧‧Fat layer

40‧‧‧Abnormal organization

Claims (10)

An antenna system capable of detecting abnormal tissue, comprising: a plurality of antennas, each of which is a directional radiation antenna, the plurality of antennas surrounding a detection space, wherein the detection space is adapted to receive a tissue to be detected, wherein The plurality of antennas include at least a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna and the second antenna are oppositely disposed along a first axial direction, and the first antenna is emitted toward the detection space. A control analysis device is connected to the plurality of antennas, controls transmission of the detection signal, and analyzes signals received by the antennas. An antenna system capable of detecting abnormal tissue according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas include a third antenna and a fourth antenna disposed opposite each other along a second axis, the first axial direction and the second axial direction Vertically to each other, the third antenna can emit a detection signal according to the control of the control analysis device. An antenna system capable of detecting abnormal tissue according to claim 2, wherein the control analyzing device analyzes a propagation coefficient and a reflection coefficient of the antenna by using signals received by the first antenna to the fourth antenna, and according to the propagation coefficient and the reflection The coefficient determines whether an abnormal tissue exists in the tissue to be detected and the size of the abnormal tissue and the axial direction of the position. The antenna system capable of detecting abnormal tissue according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna move synchronously along a second axis; the third antenna and the fourth antenna are along a first axis Moving to the synchronous, the first antenna to the fourth antenna are in the same plane. An antenna system capable of detecting abnormal tissue according to claim 4, wherein each of the first antenna to the fourth antenna comprises: an insulating substrate, and a first antenna portion is respectively disposed on opposite sides of the front and back sides thereof; a second antenna portion, wherein each of the first antenna portion and the second antenna portion has: a radiating portion, comprising a first radiating region having a right-angled trapezoidal shape and a second radiating region having a substantially fan-shaped shape; The upper bottom of the first radiating region is in contact with the straight side of the second radiating region; a feeding portion extending from the bottom of the first radiating region and located at a middle portion of the edge of the substrate; wherein the first antenna portion The two first radiating regions of the second antenna portion partially overlap, and the two feeding portions completely overlap. The antenna system capable of detecting abnormal tissue according to claim 4, wherein each of the first antenna to the fourth antenna is a planar dipole antenna. An antenna system capable of detecting an abnormal tissue according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of antennas comprise a fifth antenna and a sixth antenna, wherein the fifth antenna and the sixth antenna are located at the first antenna to the fourth antenna Different other planes. A method for detecting abnormal tissue, comprising: arranging a plurality of pairs of antennas along different axial directions around a detection space, wherein each antenna is a directional radiation antenna, and the detection space is capable of accommodating a tissue to be detected; At least one of the plurality of antennas transmits a detection signal toward the detection space; receiving and analyzing signals received by the antennas, wherein when analyzing the signals received by the antennas, determining propagation coefficients and reflection coefficients of the antennas according to the signals According to the analysis result, it is judged whether the tissue to be detected located in the detection space has an abnormal tissue and an axial direction of the size and the position. The method for detecting abnormal tissue according to claim 8, further comprising: arranging opposite first antennas and second antennas along the first axial direction around the detection space, and setting opposite third antennas along the second axial direction And a fourth antenna, wherein the first antenna and the third antenna transmit detection signals at different times; controlling the first antenna and the second antenna to synchronously move along a second axis along a periphery of the detection space; The three antennas and the fourth antenna move synchronously along the first axial direction at the periphery of the detection space. The method of detecting abnormal tissue according to claim 9, wherein the first axial direction and the second axial direction are perpendicular to each other; wherein a fifth antenna and a first antenna are disposed along the third axial direction Six antennas.