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TW201414046A - 鋰電池結構 - Google Patents

鋰電池結構 Download PDF

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TW201414046A
TW201414046A TW101134321A TW101134321A TW201414046A TW 201414046 A TW201414046 A TW 201414046A TW 101134321 A TW101134321 A TW 101134321A TW 101134321 A TW101134321 A TW 101134321A TW 201414046 A TW201414046 A TW 201414046A
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positive electrode
negative electrode
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electrode tab
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TWI470852B (zh
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Wen-Hong Huang
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Dijiya Energy Saving Technology Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
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    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
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    • H01M50/528Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
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    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543Terminals
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    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543Terminals
    • H01M50/564Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H01M50/566Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一種鋰電池結構,係包括一殼體,殼體之蓋板上連結第一接線組件及第二接線組件。第一接線組件與正極極片之頂端呈電性連接,正極極片之底端向下延伸彎折一正極結合部,正極結合部連接卷芯頂端之至少一正極極耳;而第二接線組件與負極極片之頂端呈電性連接,負極極片之底端向下延伸彎折一負極結合部,負極結合部連接卷芯頂端之至少一負極極耳。

Description

鋰電池結構
本發明係有關一種鋰電池結構,尤指一種能有效節省組裝成本,並確保使用安全者。
目前所使用之金屬鋰電池,主要包括一殼體,殼體內置放有電解質溶液及鋰電池卷芯,鋰電池卷芯係由正極片、隔離膜及負極片連續捲繞而成,而正極片及負極片分別焊接正極極耳及負極極耳之後,正極極耳焊接在殼體內壁上,殼體與正極接線柱呈電連接,而負極極耳則是焊接在殼體的負極接線柱的底部,再經由正極接線柱及負極接線柱頂部之外螺紋分別螺合一螺母後,分別固定不同的接線端子,以分別輸出正、負電。
其中,由於正極極耳焊接於殼體內壁上,將使得殼體呈帶電狀態,因此必須在金屬殼體外部以熱塑膜包覆。但在實際使用過程中,熱塑膜不耐高溫,且會有硬化易碎的問題,如此一來,熱塑膜即容易因破裂而讓殼體裸露出來,造成短路的危險。
再者,上述卷芯的正極極耳焊接於殼體內壁,負極極耳焊接於殼體的負極接線柱的底部,由於焊接點的品質不易控制,且常為點狀的接觸,因此,容易造成導電及散熱不良的問題。
有鑑於此,為了改善上述之缺點,使鋰電池結構不僅能讓結構穩定、防止短路以確保使用安全,且可有效提升導電及散熱效果,發明人積多年的經驗及不斷的研發改進,遂有本發明之產生。
本發明之一目的在提供一種在蓋板的下方設有延長的正極極 片及負極極片,正極極片焊接至少一個正極極耳,且負極極片焊接至少一個負極極耳,而可增加作業效率以節省人力之鋰電池結構。
本發明之一目的在提供一種將正極極片及負極極片分別以大面積方式與第一、第二接線組件及卷芯之正、負極極耳形成電性連接,而可有效導電及散熱之鋰電池結構。
本發明之一目的在提供一種直接在正極片及負極片之頂端分別形成正極極耳組及負極極耳組,而可滿足大容量、高倍率的電池組裝要求之鋰電池結構。
為達上述發明之目的,本發明所設之鋰電池結構係包括一殼體、第一接線組件、第二接線組件、一正極極片、一負極極片以及一卷芯。其中,該殼體包括頂端具有開口之下殼體及蓋合於下殼體頂端以封閉開口之蓋板;該第一、第二接線組件分別連結於殼體之蓋板上;該正極極片結合於蓋板下方,正極極片之頂端與第一接線組件呈電性連接,正極極片之底端向下延伸彎折一正極結合部;該負極極片結合於蓋板下方,負極極片之頂端與第二接線組件呈電性連接,負極極片之底端向下延伸彎折一負極結合部;而卷芯係容置於下殼體內,卷芯之頂端設有至少一正極極耳及至少一負極極耳,正極極耳電連接正極結合部,負極極耳電連接負極結合部。
實施時,卷芯係以長條形正極片、第一隔離膜、長條形負極片及第二隔離膜層疊之後,連續捲繞而成,且正極片之頂端連接正極極耳,負極片之頂端連接負極極耳。
實施時,正極片的表面的大部份區域形成一正極區,正極片 的長度方向的一側設有複數個具間隔的正極極耳;負極片的表面的大部份區域形成一負極區,負極區與正極區相對應,負極片的長度方向的一側設有複數個具間隔的負極極耳,且長條形正極片與長條形負極片層疊時,該等負極極耳與該等正極極耳相互交錯;而該等正極極耳集中成正極極耳組,該等負極極耳集中成負極極耳組。
實施時,下殼體之內部頂面設有上絕緣板,上絕緣板阻隔於卷芯之頂面與蓋板之間;下殼體之內部底面設有下絕緣板,下絕緣板阻隔於卷芯之底面及下殼體之間。
實施時,上絕緣板之板面上設有二個穿孔,供卷芯頂端之正極極耳及負極極耳分別穿過。
實施時,正極極片之正極結合部之自由端以朝向負極極片之方向水平延伸,負極極片之負極結合部之自由端以朝向正極極片之方向水平延伸。
為便於對本發明能有更深入的瞭解,茲詳述於後:
請參閱第1~3圖所示,其為本發明鋰電池結構1之較佳實施例,係包括一殼體2、一第一接線組件3、一第二接線組件4、一正極極片5、一負極極片6、一上絕緣板7、一下絕緣板8以及一卷芯9。
該殼體2係為中空的長方形體,包括一頂端具有開口21的下殼體22及一蓋合在下殼體22頂端以封閉該開口21的蓋板23。該蓋板23包括一頂板24及一絕緣片25,頂板24及絕緣片25上、下重疊,蓋板23的中央部位形成一防爆孔26。位於防爆孔26兩 側的蓋板23上分別設有膠套27,任一膠套27底面之中空管向下凸出,並分別穿過頂板24及絕緣片25。
該第一、第二接線組件(3、4)分別置放於二個膠套27之上方,經由鉚接方式將正極極片5之頂端、蓋板23及第一接線組件3連結固定,將負極極片6之頂端、蓋板23及第二接線組件4連結固定,使絕緣片25夾置於頂板24與正、負極極片(5、6)之間。其中,當正極極片5之頂端及負極極片6之頂端分別固定之後,正極極片5向下彎折成一正極結合部51,正極結合部51之自由端以朝向負極極片6之方向水平延伸。而負極極片6向下彎折成一負極結合部61,負極結合部61之自由端以朝向正極極片5之方向水平延伸。
該上絕緣板7、下絕緣板8及卷芯9分別容置於下殼體22之內部,上絕緣板7設有二個穿孔71,且上、下絕緣板(7、8)分別呈長方形,並分別位於卷芯9之上方及下方。
而如第4、5圖所示,該卷芯9包括一長條形正極片91、一長條形負極片92、一第一隔離膜93及一第二隔離膜94。該正極片91較佳係為鋁金屬,正極片91正、反兩個表面的大部份下端區域形成正極區911,該正極區911係為正極片91的表面塗佈一層混合正極材料、導電劑、黏著劑及溶劑的正極漿料,並在正極漿料經烘乾及輾壓程序後所形成。正極片91的長度方向的一側,亦即正極片91的上端區域設有複數個延著上述長度方向的等間隔正極極耳912。
該負極片92較佳係為銅金屬,負極片92正、反兩個表面的大部份下端區域形成負極區921,負極區921相對應正極片91的 正極區911,且負極區921係為負極片92的表面塗佈一層混合負極材料、導電劑、黏著劑及溶劑的負極漿料,並在負極漿料經烘乾及輾壓程序後所形成。負極片92的長度方向的一側設有複數個具間隔的負極極耳922,當正極片91與負極片92層疊時,該等負極極耳922與該等正極極耳912的位置相互交錯。
而第一、第二隔離膜(93、94)係為絕緣材料,可為聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、或上述材料之多層結構如PE/PP/PE。其中,第一隔離膜93夾置於正極片91的正極區911與負極片92的負極區921之間,第二隔離膜94置放於負極片92的負極區921的一側。
如第6圖所示,同時連續卷繞正極片91、第一隔離膜93、負極片92及第二隔離膜94,即可以第一、第二隔離膜(93、94)分別阻隔於正極片91的正極區911與負極片92的負極區921之間。並如第7圖所示,使該等正極極耳912集中成一正極極耳組913,而該等負極極耳922集中成一負極極耳組923。
請再參閱第1、2圖所示,當正極極耳組913焊接於一正極連接片914上,負極極耳組923焊接於一負極連接片924上之後,正極連接片914及負極連接片924分別向上穿過上絕緣板7之二個穿孔71,並分別焊接於第一、第二接線組件(3、4)之底端,使正極極耳組913與第一接線組件3呈電性連接,並使負極極耳組923與第二接線組件4呈電性連接。
藉此,當上絕緣板7、下絕緣板8及卷芯9分別容置於下殼體22之內部,並注入電解液時,上絕緣板7阻隔於卷芯9之頂面與蓋板23之間,下絕緣板8阻隔於卷芯9之底面及下殼體22之間,即可經由卷芯9之作用,由第一、第二接線組件(3、4)分別向 外輸出正、負電,並讓殼體2與卷芯9絕緣,以避免因漏電而產生短路之現象。
因此,本發明具有以下之優點:
1、本發明能將殼體與卷芯完全絕緣,因此,當卷芯作用而由第一、第二接線組件分別向外輸出正、負電時,可有效避免因殼體漏電而產生短路之現象,以確保使用安全。
2、本發明能讓正極極耳及負極極耳分別以大面積方式與正極極片及負極極片形成電性連接,因此,不但可讓導電之電壓及電流穩定,能負載大電流,且可有效散熱,以增加產品使用壽命。
3、本發明能在蓋板的下方設有延長的正極極片及負極極片,並將至少一個正極極耳焊接於正極極片上,將至少一個負極極耳焊接於負極極片上,而正極極耳及負極極耳係由正極片及負極片直接成型,因此,可有效增加作業效率以節省人力
4、本發明能將正極極耳組及負極極耳組直接成型於正極片及負極片之頂端,因此,可以滿足大容量、高倍率的電池組裝要求。
綜上所述,依上文所揭示之內容,本發明確可達到發明之預期目的,提供一種不僅能讓結構穩定、防止短路以確保使用安全,且可有效提升導電及散熱效果之鋰電池結構,極具實用之價值,爰依法提出發明專利申請。
以上所述乃是本發明之具體實施例及所運用之技術手段,根據本文的揭露或教導可衍生推導出許多的變更與修正,若依本發明之構想所作之等效改變,其所產生之作用仍未超出說明書及圖式所涵蓋之實質精神時,均應視為在本發明之技術範疇之內,合先陳明。
1‧‧‧鋰電池結構
2‧‧‧殼體
21‧‧‧開口
22‧‧‧下殼體
23‧‧‧蓋板
24‧‧‧頂板
25‧‧‧絕緣片
26‧‧‧防爆孔
27‧‧‧膠套
3‧‧‧第一接線組件
4‧‧‧第二接線組件
5‧‧‧正極極片
51‧‧‧正極結合部
6‧‧‧負極極片
61‧‧‧負極結合部
7‧‧‧上絕緣板
71‧‧‧穿孔
8‧‧‧下絕緣板
9‧‧‧卷芯
91‧‧‧正極片
911‧‧‧正極區
912‧‧‧正極極耳
913‧‧‧正極極耳組
914‧‧‧正極連接片
92‧‧‧負極片
921‧‧‧負極區
922‧‧‧負極極耳
923‧‧‧負極極耳組
924‧‧‧負極連接片
93‧‧‧第一隔離膜
94‧‧‧第二隔離膜
第1圖係為本發明之較佳實施例之元件分解圖。
第2圖係為本發明之較佳實施例之立體外觀圖。
第3圖係為本發明之較佳實施例之組合剖面圖。
第4圖係為本發明之較佳實施例之卷芯之元件分解圖。
第5圖係為本發明之較佳實施例之卷芯層疊時之立體外觀圖。
第6圖係為本發明之較佳實施例之卷芯捲繞時之立體外觀圖。
第7圖係為本發明之較佳實施例之卷芯捲繞後之立體外觀圖。
1‧‧‧鋰電池結構
2‧‧‧殼體
21‧‧‧開口
22‧‧‧下殼體
23‧‧‧蓋板
24‧‧‧頂板
25‧‧‧絕緣片
26‧‧‧防爆孔
27‧‧‧膠套
3‧‧‧第一接線組件
4‧‧‧第二接線組件
5‧‧‧正極極片
51‧‧‧正極結合部
6‧‧‧負極極片
61‧‧‧負極結合部
7‧‧‧上絕緣板
71‧‧‧穿孔
8‧‧‧下絕緣板
9‧‧‧卷芯
914‧‧‧正極連接片
924‧‧‧負極連接片

Claims (7)

  1. 一種鋰電池結構,係包括:一殼體,包括一頂端具有開口之下殼體及一蓋合於下殼體頂端以封閉該開口之蓋板;第一、第二接線組件,係分別連結於殼體之蓋板上;一正極極片,係結合於蓋板下方,該正極極片之頂端與第一接線組件呈電性連接,正極極片之底端向下延伸彎折一正極結合部;一負極極片,係結合於蓋板下方,該負極極片之頂端與第二接線組件呈電性連接,負極極片之底端向下延伸彎折一負極結合部;以及一卷芯,係容置於下殼體內,該卷芯之頂端設有至少一正極極耳及至少一負極極耳,該正極極耳電連接正極結合部,該負極極耳電連接負極結合部。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之鋰電池結構,其中,該蓋板係包括一頂板及一絕緣片,該頂板及該絕緣片上、下重疊,且該絕緣片係夾置於頂板與正、負極極片之間。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之鋰電池結構,其中,該卷芯係以長條形正極片、第一隔離膜、長條形負極片及第二隔離膜層疊之後,連續捲繞而成,且該正極片之頂端連接正極極片,該負極片之頂端連接負極極片。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之鋰電池結構,其中,該正極片的表面的大部份區域形成一正極區,該正極片的長度方向的一側設有複數個具間隔的正極極耳;該負極片的表面的大部份區域 形成一負極區,該負極區與正極區相對應,該負極片的長度方向的一側設有複數個具間隔的負極極耳,且長條形正極片與長條形負極片層疊時,該等負極極耳與該等正極極耳相互交錯;藉以在正極片、第一隔離膜、負極片及第二隔離膜連續卷繞之後,該等正極極耳集中成一正極極耳組,而該等負極極耳集中成一負極極耳組。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第3或4項所述之鋰電池結構,其中,該下殼體之內部頂面設有一上絕緣板,該上絕緣板係阻隔於卷芯之頂面與蓋板之間;該下殼體之內部底面設有一下絕緣板,該下絕緣板係阻隔於卷芯之底面及下殼體之間。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之鋰電池結構,其中,該上絕緣板之板面上係設有二個穿孔,供卷芯頂端之正極極耳及負極極耳分別穿過。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第3或4項所述之鋰電池結構,其中,該正極極片之正極結合部之自由端係以朝向負極極片之方向水平延伸,該負極極片之負極結合部之自由端係以朝向正極極片之方向水平延伸。
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