TW201235723A - Optical amplifier for multi-core optical fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

One aspect provides an optical device. The optical device includes a first and a second array of optical couplers, a plurality of waveguides and a plurality of pump couplers located over a surface of a substrate. The optical couplers of the first array are able to end-couple in a one-to-one manner to the optical cores of a first multi-core fiber having an end facing and adjacent to the first array and the surface. The optical couplers of the second array are able to end-couple in a one-to-one manner to optical cores having ends facing and adjacent to the second array. The plurality of optical waveguides connects in a one-to-one manner the optical couplers of the first array to the optical couplers of the second array. Each optical waveguide has a pump coupler connected thereto between the ends of the waveguide.

Description

201235723 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present application relates generally to optical amplifiers and methods of making and using such devices. The present application claims the benefit of the Provisional U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/428,154, the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire This application is related to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13/012,712, the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire content Into this article. [Prior Art] A multi-core fiber includes a plurality of core regions, each of which is capable of propagating a substantially independent optical signal. These fibers can provide significantly more data capacity than a single core fiber. Thus, multi-core fibers enable a significant increase in the rate of data transfer in optical systems at a lower cost than one or more single mode &lt; SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An aspect provides an optical device. The optical device includes a first array of light absorbing devices on a surface of a substrate and a second array: a plurality of waveguides and a plurality of miller couplers. The optical couplers of the first array can be lightly coupled to the optical core of a first multi-core optical fiber having a facing end adjacent to the first array and the end of the surface . The optocouplers of the second array can be brought together in a one-to-one manner to an optical core/ having an end facing and adjacent to the end of the second array. The 160881.doc 201235723 plurality of optical waveguides connect the optical couplers of the first array to the optical consumulators of the second array in a one-to-one manner. Each optical waveguide has a pump-activated light coupler connected to the optical waveguide between the ends of the waveguide. , another way to provide - method. The method includes forming a -first array of light combiners and a second array, a plurality of waveguides, and a plurality of pump couplers on a surface of the substrate. The optocouplers of the first array can be coupled in a pair-to-end manner to an optical core of a first multi-core fiber having a surface facing and adjacent to the first array and one end of the surface . The second array of optical splicers can be turned in a -to-mode end to an optical core having an end facing and adjacent to the end of the second array. The plurality of optical waveguides connect the optical couplers of the first array to the optical couplers of the second array in a chirp manner. Each optical waveguide has a pump coupler coupled to the optical waveguide between the ends of the waveguide. [Embodiment] The following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings. Herein, optical components can be formed on the surface of a substrate, for example, using layer deposition, layer doping, and patterning processes conventionally used in the field of microelectronics and/or integrated optical devices. Figure 1 illustrates an example of an optical amplifier ι00 for a multi-core fiber. Optical amplifier 100 includes an integrated flat photonic device (IPD) 101 and a laser pump source 126. The IPD 101 includes a first integrated flat array 1〇5 and a second integrated flat array 11〇 and an optical waveguide 125 of a photocoupler 23 on a flat surface of the substrate 102. The optical waveguide 125 connects the first integrated flat array 1 〇 5 160881.doc 201235723 and the optical coupler 230 of the second integrated flat array 110 in a one-to-one manner. The optical consumable 230 of the first integrated flat array 105 is optically coupled end to a respective optical core of a first multi-core fiber (MCF) 11 5 (e.g., output MCF). The optical coupler 230 of the second integrated flat array 110 is optically coupled end to a respective optical core of the second MCF 120 (e.g., 'Input MCF'). However, in some embodiments, one or more optical cores of MCF 11 5, MCF 1 20 may not be coupled to IPE) 100. The substrate 102 may optionally include an optical isolation layer 丨〇3 (e.g., a dielectric layer) that optically isolates the substrate ι2 from the optical components formed thereon. The laser fruit source 126 transmits excitation light to the optical waveguide 125 to amplify light transmitted between the first MCF 115 and the second MCF 120 via the IPD. Device 100 can selectively amplify light received from different optical cores of MCF 120&apos; as further described below. Figure 2 illustrates a single array of optocouplers, such as an integrated flat array 1 〇 5 or an integrated flat array 110. The illustrated array includes a plurality of segments of seven optical waveguides 125. In the array, 'each optical waveguide segment includes, for example, an optical coupling section 2 i 〇 and a transition section 220. Each of the optical coupling sections 2H) has an optical coupler 230 on or in which the optical coupler 23 is laterally positioned to optically couple a single corresponding optical core (not shown) of the MCF. The optical coupling sections 21 can be customized to enhance their coupling via the respective transition sections 22 to the respective optical cores of the MCF, for example, each optical coupling section 210 can be wider than the remainder of the same optical waveguide. Each transition section 220 provides a coupler between the optical coupling section 21A and the communication section of the same optical waveguide (not shown to the left of Figure 2). The transition section 22〇 can be configured to reduce coupling/insertion losses between differently sized coupling segments and communication segments of the optical waveguide. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; An example of some of the grating couplers of the coupler 230 is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. "In some embodiments, the optical coupler can include 45. The use of a mirror." The mirror is configured to Light from one or more of the waveguides 125 is redirected into the core of one of the MCF 115, MCF 120. For example, as discussed in the '667 application, the optical coupler 230 is often in form and size. Corresponding to the lateral pattern of the lateral pattern of the optical core within the MCF to be coupled. In the illustrated embodiment, the example array of Figure 2 is configured to couple to the corner and center of the regular hexagon The seven optical cores. However, embodiments are not limited to this configuration of the optical core in the MCF or a particular number of cores in the MCF. Figure 3 illustrates the situation in which the MCF 115 is coupled to the integrated flat array 105 on the flat substrate 310. of A perspective view of an embodiment of integrating a flat array 105 (i.e., an array of seven optical couplers 230). Illustrated with seven optical cores

An MCF 115 of 330, an optical core 330 propagating an optical signal 340. The end of the MCF 115 is located on the array and is rotationally aligned such that the individual optical cores of the MCF 115 face and are optically coupled to the light of the integrated flat array 1〇5 The respective individual of coupler 230. For example, each optical core 33A can have an end 350' that is positioned and oriented to project a spot 3 6 〇 onto a corresponding optical coupler 230 of the integrated flat array 105 without light Projected onto other optocouplers that integrate the flat array 105. Additional examples of ways to construct and configure integration with the MCF (such as MCF 115, MCF 120) can be described in the ι 667 application, 16088I.doc 201235723 Flat Array i 〇 5 'Integrated Flat Array No. 4A and 4B illustrate the orientation and positional aspects of the coupling of one of the optical cores 330 of the MCF 115 of FIG. 3 to the respective optical couplers 230 of the integrated planar array 110 (e.g., a one-dimensional grating array). The projected spot 36 〇 produces an approximate Gaussian distribution 4 1 位于 over the optocoupler 230 with sufficient overlap to couple light from the optical signal 340 to the optical coupling segment 21 〇. In the illustrated embodiment, the optical core 330 is at an angle φ to the surface normal of the optical coupling section 21A to produce a polarization split optical coupler. In particular, in a particular angle determined in part by the wavelength of the optical signal 340, the optically polarized mode 420 of the optical signal 34 is coupled to the optical coupling section 210 in a rightwardly directed direction as oriented in FIG. Similarly, the optical signal 34〇iTM polarization mode 43〇 is coupled to the optical coupling section 21〇 in the leftward propagation direction as oriented in FIG. 4B. This coupling of the te and polarization modes can result in a polarization divergence embodiment of an optical amplifier with mMcf as further described below. Available in Y〇ngb〇 Tang et al. "Proposal for a Grating Waveguide SerWng as &amp;

Polarization Splitter and an Efficient Coupler for Silicon-on-Insulator Nanophotonic Circuits" (IEEE ph〇t〇nics

Additional information on this polarization splitting is found in Technology Letters, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 242-μ, February 15, 2009), the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Figure 5 illustrates the isolation assembly % placed between the MCF 115 and the integrated flat array 1〇5 and/or between the MCF 12G and the integrated flat array no, as appropriate. The isolation assembly 505 attenuates the back-reflected light generated between M c f i丨5 and the integrated flat array i 〇 5 . Figure 5 presents an illustrative condition of an MCF 11 5 optically coupled to an integrated flat array ι 5160881.doc 201235723. The isolation assembly includes a lens 5丨〇, a lens 52〇 each having a focal length f. A beam shifter 53A, a Faraday rotator 540, a quarter wave plate 550, and a beam shifter 56 are located between the lens 51A and the lens 520. The lens 510 is spaced apart from, for example, the end 35 约为 by a distance of ^ to collimate the light beam from the optical core of [...] [7]. The distance between the lens 520 and, for example, the integrated flat array I 〇 5 is approximately f. The collimated beam of light from the optical core of the MCF 115 is focused, for example, onto the optical coupler. The lens 510, lens 520 are, for example, spaced apart from each other by a distance of about 2f. The spacer assembly will emit light from the end 35〇 ( For example, the optical signal 340) is directed to the indicated respective optical coupler 23A. Similarly, light from other cores of the MCF 11 5 is directed to other respective optical couplers 230 that integrate the flat array 1. Back to the figure 1. The laser pump source 126 generates excitation light that is a wavelength suitable for Raman amplification or a wavelength suitable for excitation by excitation of a rare earth dopant. In the former case, the excitation light The wavelength produces forward or backward Raman amplification in the MCF 115 or MCF 120. In the latter case, the wavelength of the excitation light is excited in the optical core of one of the MCF 115, MCF 120 or in the optical waveguide 125. a dopant whereby the optical amplification is caused therein. In embodiments where the earth dopant is a germanium atom, the pump wavelength suitable for exciting the germanium atom can be, for example, a wavelength of about 1480 nm. The laser pump source 126 can transmit excitation light to the optical bus network 145. The optical bus network 145 transmits excitation light to the individual optical waveguides 125 via a programmable or adjustable optical tap 150. In some embodiments 'the laser pump source 126 is external, and the optical waveguide 160881.doc 201235723 130 (eg, SCF), optical coupler 135 (eg, a one-dimensional grating array), and waveguide 140 connect laser pump source 126 to optical bus network 145. In other embodiments (not shown), The laser pump source 126 can be integrated on the substrate 102, and a flat waveguide on the substrate 102 can connect the laser pump source 126 to the waveguide 140. Each programmable optical tap 150 can be coupled via a waveguide 155 and pumped The excitation light from the optical busbar network 145 is transmitted to a respective one of the optical waveguides 125. Each pumping coupler 160 can include, for example, a Machel-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), which is grouped State 2x1 optocoupler to combine excitation light with Self-integrating the flat array 105, integrating the light of one of the flat arrays 11 以 such that the combined light is directed to the integrated flat array 11 〇, integrating the other of the flat arrays 105. Figure 6 illustrates the optical confluence of Figure 1. An example of a network 145 in which a variable Maher-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) 620 '650 acts as a programmable optical tap 150. The optical bus network 145, for example, receives laser source 126 from the laser source The excitation light 610 〇 the first variable MZI 620 transmits a portion of the received excitation light 610 to a first one of the waveguides 1 55 and substantially transmits the remaining portion of the received excitation light 6 10 to the second variable mzi 650 . The first variable MZI 620 includes a phase shifter 63A (eg, the heater controlled thermal waveguide segment p tap control signal 640 can control the phase shifter 630 to direct a selectable portion of the received excitation light 610 to The first of the waveguides 155. Any of the second variable MZI 650 and the programmable optical tap 15 can be operated in a manner similar to that described for the first variable MZI 620. Change the MZI example item 'where the associated tap control signal 160881.doc -10· 201235723 is appropriately adjusted to take into account the decrease in excitation light intensity when the excitation light is tapped. The programmable optical tap can be individually adjusted 150 to vary the amount of excitation light coupled to the various individual optical waveguides 125 from the optical busbar network 145. Thus, optical amplification of light from each of the optical cores of the input MCFs in the MCF 1 5, MCF 1 20 can be individually adjusted. To the extent that the light is to be amplified. In some embodiments, the optical bus network 14 is replaced with a tree network. For example, a tree configuration can be used to configure a 1 x2 adjustable coupler to be from a laser. Pumping laser 126 The rate is divided into the desired number of optical waveguides 125. In some embodiments an 'extra pumped laser (not shown) may be used to pump the MCF 115 and/or MCF 12A. Each pumped laser may be connected to one or A plurality of programmable taps (not shown) 'the one or more programmable taps are coupled to one or more of the optical cores of the MCF 11 5, MCF 120. In an embodiment, the amplifier 100 includes A pumping laser corresponding to each of the optical cores of MCF 115 and/or MCF 120. In such embodiments, programmable optical taps 150 are not necessary. In another embodiment, multiple pumps are used. The optical paths of each of the lasers connected to the optical waveguide 125 can be interconnected to provide redundant pumping capability. For example, if one pump laser strikes a fault, another pump laser can be connected. The core of the MCF 115 and/or MCF 120 associated with the failed pump laser is supplied. Figure 7 illustrates the switch network included between the integrated flat array} 〇5 and the integrated flat array ^ 1 〇 An embodiment of a light core switcher 710. The description in the 712 application can be adapted to a switcher. An example of a switcher network of the switch 71. The switcher network 710 is capable of coupling each of the optical couplers 230 of the integrated flat arrays 1〇5 to any of the optical couplers 23 of the integrated flat arrays. 160881.doc 201235723 In particular, the switch network connects the two integrated flat arrays 105, 11 光 optical coupler 230 in a one-to-one manner. Therefore, the 'optical core switch 7 〇〇 can be in the MCF 115 The assignment of the optical signal stream to a particular optical core is changed when the signal stream is transmitted between the MCF and the MCF. During this change of assignment of the optical cores, the optical core switch 700 can also amplify the optical signal streams on the individual optical cores in different ways as needed. This switching of the assignment of optical cores can be beneficial in a variety of optical signal processing applications. Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of an optical amplifier 800 for MCF in which optical waveguide 125a, optical waveguide 125b provides a parallel optical path between integrated flat array 105 and integrated flat array 110. Herein, the light coupled from the core of the MCF 11 5 is separated into a TE polarized mode and a TM polarized mode by a special configuration of the optical coupler 230 that integrates the flat array 105. For example, optocoupler 230 incorporating planar array 105 can have the configuration illustrated in Figure 4B. The optical coupler 230 incorporating the flat array 105 optically couples the TE mode into the optical waveguide 125b and couples the TM mode light into the optical waveguide 125a. Light propagating on a pair of optical waveguides 125a, 125b (the pair of optical waveguides 125a, 125b coupled to the same optical coupler 23A of the second array 110) can be coupled to the first integration by respective optical waveguides 125a, 125b The same or different optical couplers 230 of the flat array n5. In this manner, the two polarization modes of the received polarized disparate optical signal can be amplified within the optical core of the MCF 115, thereby effecting optical polarization amplification of the received signal. In some embodiments, optical amplifier 800 includes an optional variable optical reducer (V〇A) 81〇a, 810b. The V 〇 A 810a, v 〇 A 810b can be independently controlled to attenuate any of the te signal components amplified by the optical amplifier 8 160 160881.doc 12 201235723 and/or TMk components. Thus, the relative intensity of the polarization mode of the optical signal can be altered to account for, for example, the polarization dependence attenuation within the optical amplifier 8〇〇 itself or elsewhere. Some embodiments include one or more photodetectors 820, such as photodiodes, configured to monitor optical power in each optical waveguide 125. • The photodetector can thereby indirectly monitor the optical power in one or more of the optical cores of the MCF 115 and MCF 120. This monitoring can be used, for example, to provide feedback for controlling the programmable optical tap 15 to deliver the desired pump power to the optical cores of optical waveguide 125 and/or MCF 115, MCF 120. Figure 9 illustrates an embodiment of an amplifier 9A. The optical amplifier 9A includes a second laser pump source 126t for the optical waveguide 125b. The second laser pump source 126b can be connected to the SCF 130b, the optical coupler 135b, the waveguide 140b, and the optical bus network 145b. Optical waveguide 125b. The excitation bus light is distributed from the optical bus bar network 145b to the optical waveguide 125b via the programmable optical tap 150b and the waveguide 155b. The operation for the distribution component of the excitation light from the laser pump source 126b is similar to the operation of the distribution component as previously described with respect to Figure 1B. In some particular embodiments of optical amplifier 900, it may be beneficial to include second laser pump source 126b, e.g., to benefit from increasing the total excitation light power available to amplify the output optical signal. Figure 10 illustrates an optical coupler 1000 for an MCF 120 that includes an SCF coupler 1010. Each SCF coupler 1〇1〇 can include a single optical coupler 23 that can be spatially separated (eg, spaced apart from each other by a sufficient distance) such that the ends of the individual SCFs 1020 can be relative to the SCF coupler 1010 Positioning to couple the optical signal to the ends. The SCF 1020 is operable to provide a 160881.doc 13-201235723 input optical signal to the optocoupler 1000 or to receive an output optical signal from the optocoupler. Optocoupler 1000 can thus provide fan-in or fan-out capabilities to some of the integrated flat amplifiers described herein. 11A and 11B illustrate an optical coupler 1100 for an MCF 120 including an SCF coupler, wherein the SCF coupler includes an edge face coupler mo. Each edge facet coupler 1110 includes an edge face 112〇 (Fig. i1B) of one of the optical waveguides 125 that extends to the edge of the substrate 1〇2. The light core 1130 of the SCF 1020 can be aligned with the edge face 1120, thereby coupling the optical signal therebetween. One or more edge facet couplers 111 can be used in conjunction with one or more SCF couplers 1010 and/or one or more flat arrays (such as integrated flat array 105) to provide flexibility to the device Fan-in and fan-out of the device. For some examples of edge kneading coupling, see Doerr et al., entitled "Multi-Core Optical Cable to Photonic Circuit".

U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13/12,693, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Turning to Figure 12', for example, a method 1200 for forming an optical device is presented. Method 1200 is described without limitation by reference to various embodiments described herein (e.g., the embodiments of Figures i through 11). The steps of the method can be performed in an order different from that illustrated. In step 121 0, a first array of optocouplers (e.g., light consuming couplers 230) is formed on the surface of the substrate (e.g., integrated flat array 丨〇 5). The first array is an integrated planar array of optical couplers that are laterally configured to be end coupled to respective individual optical cores of the first multi-core fiber (e.g., MCF 11 5). In step 1220, a second array of optocouplers (eg, 16088I.doc 201235723 second...3.) is formed on the same surface of the substrate (eg, the integrated flat array can be lightly-paired) Incorporating to an optical core having an end facing the second array. In some embodiments, the second array is laterally configured such that the individual wire ends are lightly coupled to the second multi-core fiber (eg, MCF 12〇) An integrated planar array of optocouplers of respective individual optical cores. In step 1230, a plurality of optical waveguides (e.g., optical waveguides 125) are formed on the surface of the hex. The optical waveguides The optical coupler is coupled to the optical coupler of the second array. In step 1240, a plurality of pump couplers (e.g., pump coupler 16 0) are formed such that each optical waveguide has a pump coupled to the optical waveguide A coupler is coupled to the optical waveguide between the ends of each optical waveguide. Various optional features of method 1200 are provided below. In some cases, such optional features can be combined. Each pump can be adjusted Coupler to change An amount of excitation light inserted into the connected optical waveguide. A plurality of variable optical attenuators (eg, VOA 810a, V0A 810b) may be formed, wherein each variable optical attenuator is along one of the optical waveguides Positioning. An excitation source (eg, laser pump source 126) can be coupled to the pump coupler. A second array (eg, integrated flat array 11 之) optocoupler can be laterally located on the surface to enable a pair A mode end coupled to the optical core of the second multi-core fiber (eg, MCF 120). The second multi-core fiber has an end facing and adjacent to the first array and the surface. The second array of optical couplings 160881.doc • 15· 201235723 The device can be an edge kneading coupler, such as an edge kneading coupler mo. The optical waveguide may be capable of amplifying the light when it is optically pumped via a pumping coupler. Doped multi-core fiber The end of the optical core may be located proximate to the first array of optocouplers such that the optical core is configured to receive excitation light from the optocoupler. The laser pump source may be coupled to the optical pump coupler 'where the thunder Shoot The excitation source has an output wavelength suitable for amplifying the optical signal in the telecommunication or the 1 band by Raman amplification. A plurality of second optical waveguides (eg, optical waveguides 125b) may be formed on the surface, wherein the second optical waveguide The optical coupler of the first array is coupled to the optical coupler of the second array in a one-to-one manner. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other and further additions to the described embodiments can be deleted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of an optical amplifier for a multi-core optical amplifier; Figure 2 illustrates an example of an integrated flat array of optocouplers that can be used in the optical amplifier of Figure 1; Spatial relationship between multi-core fiber (MCF) and the optical coupler array of Figure 2; Figure 4A and Figure 4B illustrate an exemplary relationship between a single core of the MCF and an instance of one of the optical couplers of Figure 3. Spatial relationship; FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the optocoupler array of FIG. 3 including isolation optics between mcf and each of the optical couplers of the optical combiner array of FIG. 2; 160881.doc 201235723 6 illustrates an embodiment of an optical tap (eg, a busbar network) that can be used with the optical amplifier of FIG. 1 to provide an optical path to the excitation light therein; FIG. 7 illustrates the inclusion between the input MCF and the output MCF. An embodiment of an optical amplifier for an MCF optical switching network; Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of an optical amplifier for MCF configured to provide polarization divergence amplification; Figure 9 illustrates the use of two excitation sources for Embodiment of an amplifier of MCf; Figure 10 illustrates an embodiment of an optical device for end coupling a single core fiber to separate the optical core of the MCF and for optically amplifying the light therein; Figure 11 (comprising Figure 11A and Figure 11B) illustrates an alternate embodiment of the optical device of FIG. 10, wherein the single core fiber is optically coupled to the edge face 3S, SS, FIG. 12 is illustrated for forming, for example, FIG. 1, FIG. 7, FIG. 8. The method of the optical amplifier for MCF of Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, or Figure 12. [Major component symbol description] 100 Optical amplifier 101 Integrated flat photonic device (IPD) 102 Substrate 103 Optical isolation layer 105 First integrated flat array 110 Second integrated flat array 115 First multi-core optical fiber (MCF) 160881.doc • 17· 201235723 120 Second MCF 125 Optical waveguide 125a Optical waveguide 125b Optical waveguide 126 Laser system 激 126b Second laser fruit source 130 Optical waveguide 130b Single core fiber (SCF) 135 Optical shank 135b Light fitting 140 Waveguide 140b Waveguide 145 Optical Busbar Network 145b Optical Busbar Network 150 Programmable or Adjustable Optical Tap 150b Programmable Optical Tap 155 Waveguide 155b Waveguide 160 Chest Exciter 210 Optical Coupling Section 220 Transition Section 230 Optocoupler 310 Flat Substrate 330 Optical Core 160881.doc -18- 201235723 340 Optical Signal 350 End 360 Spot 410 Extremely High Distribution 420 TE Polarization Mode 430 TM Polarization Mode 505 Isolation Assembly 510 Lens 520 Lens 530 Beam Shifter 540 Faraday rotator 550 quarter wave plate 560 beam shifter 610 excitation light

620 Variable Maher-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) / First Variable MZI 630 Phase Shifter 640 Tap Control Signal

650 Variable Maher-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) / Second Variable MZI 700 Optical Core Switch 710 Switcher Network 8 〇〇 Optical Amplifier 810a Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA) 810b Variable Optical Attenuator ( VOA) 820 Photodetector 160881.doc -19. 201235723 900 Optical Amplifier 1000 Optocoupler 1010 SCF Coupler 1020 Single Core Fiber (SCF) 1100 Optocoupler 1110 Edge Face Coupler 1120 Edge Face 1130 Optical Core 1200 Method φ Specific angle 160881.doc -20-

Claims (1)

201235723 VII. Patent Application Range: 1 . An optical device comprising: a first array of optical couplers, the first array being located on a surface of a substrate such that the optical couplers of the first array are capable of a one-to-one mode end coupled to an optical core of a first multi-core fiber, the first multi-core fiber having an end facing and adjacent to the first array and one of the substrates; a second array of one of the optical couplers, the first Two arrays are disposed on the surface such that the optical couplers of the second array are end-coupled in a one-to-one manner to an optical core having an end facing and adjacent to the second array; a plurality of optical waveguides, the plurality of optical waveguides An optical waveguide on the surface and connecting the optical couplers of the first array to the optical couplers of the second array in a one-to-one manner; and a plurality of pump couplers, each optical waveguide having A waveguide coupler is coupled between the ends of the optical waveguide to the optical waveguide. 2. The optical device of the T request item, further comprising a plurality of variable optical agricultural reducers, each variable optical attenuator being positioned along one of the optical waveguides. 3. The optical device of claim 1, further comprising one or more excitation sources coupled to the pump couplers. 4. The optical device of the requester, wherein the waveguides are capable of amplifying the light therein when optically pumped via the pumping coupler. 5. The optical device of claim 1 wherein the step-by-step includes a multi-core fiber doped to the first array of the optical coupling, the pumping 160881.doc 201235723 coupler is configured The excitation light is coupled into the multi-core fiber of the doped beach. 6. A method comprising: forming a first array of light combiners, the first array being located on a surface of a substrate such that the optical couplers of the first array are capable of being terminated in a one-to-one manner An optical core coupled to a first multi-core fiber having a first multi-core fiber facing and adjacent to the first array and one end of the substrate; forming a second array of one of the optical couplers, the second array being located Forming such that the optical couplers of the second array are end-coupled in a one-to-one manner to an optical core having an end facing and adjacent to the second array; forming a plurality of optical waveguides, the plurality of optical waveguides Connecting the optical couplers of the first array to the optical couplers of the second array on a surface and in a one-to-one manner; and forming a plurality of pump couplers each optical waveguide having the light A pump coupler is coupled between the ends of the waveguides to the optical waveguide. 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising forming a plurality of optical light detectors and a J-mother optical detector configured to one or more cores from one of the multi-core fibers Receive one part of the light. 8. For example. The method of claim 6, wherein the optical couplers of the second array are laterally located on the surface of the crucible so as to be end-coupled in a one-to-one manner to a second I v 乂 "optical core of the optical fiber, the second multi-core The optical fiber has a first array facing the first array and one end of the surface. The method of claim 6, further comprising coupling a laser pump source to the optical pump coupler, The laser pump source has an output wavelength suitable for amplifying an optical signal in a telecommunication c or L band by Raman amplification, such as the method of claim 6, further comprising forming a complex number on the surface :: two optical waveguides' the plurality of second optical waveguides connect the optical couplers of the combination of trains to the optical array of the second array in a one-to-one manner 160881.doc