TW201101658A - Boost converting device, boot converter, and the control module thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a boost converter for undertaking the boost conversion of an input voltage and outputting a negative voltage, which comprises: a power switch, an energy storage inductor, an energy storage capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, and an output capacitor. The power switch receives the input voltage; one end of the energy storage inductor is coupled to the power switch and the other end is grounded. The energy storage capacitor is coupled to the power switch. The P-electrode of the first diode is coupled to the energy s storage capacitor and the N-electrode is grounded. The N-electrode of the second diode is coupled to the energy storage capacitor. One end of the output capacitor is coupled to the P-electrode of the second diode and the other is grounded. When the power switch conducts, energy is stored in the energy storage inductor and the energy storage capacitor by the input voltage. When the power switch is turned off, the energy storage inductor and the energy storage capacitor release energy to the output capacitor and a negative voltage is generated at the output capacitor.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a boost converter, and more particularly to a boost converter having a negative voltage output. [Prior Art] With the advancement of technology, there are more and more applications and requirements for negative power, such as audio amplifiers or PCI (Peripherai c〇mp〇nent).

Ime^onnect) cuts need negative relocation to work properly. The negative voltage power supply can be a DC/DC converter, which is mainly used for power supply to the vehicle battery or portable electronic device, and the buck-boost DC/DC converter (4) (10) c 〇nVerter) is suitable for low-power applications, but the power switch is not easy to control. Therefore, how to provide a circuit with simple circuit, low cost and practicality is the focus of this invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In this case, the object of the present invention is to provide a booster voltage converter with a negative voltage output; the boost converter of the present invention is used for boosting the output voltage of the input voltage. Contains: - power switch, - energy storage capacitor. The first pole body, the second diode body and the one of the storage diode switch have an input end and an output end for receiving an input voltage; the secret sense has a first end connected to the output end of the power switch, and The first end, the storage capacitor has a first end of the 201101658 lightly connected to the output end of the power switch and a second her. Zhe λ, the p-pole of the first diode is coupled to the second end and the drain is connected. Ni ^ The body of the body is lightly connected to the mountain of the faulty capacitor. The power out valley has a first end connected to the P pole of the second diode and a grounded second end. When the power switch is turned on, the hall energy inductance, the fault energy capacitor and the first diode shape=charging circuit make the input electric bunker store the energy storage inductor and the energy storage capacitor to store the moon\or vice versa. When the power switch is not conducting, the storage The inductor, the storage capacitor, the second diode and the output capacitor form a discharge loop, so that the energy storage inductor and the storage capacitor are turned on and off, and the output capacitor is generated. Negative voltage. Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a control module which is simple in circuit and low in cost.

The control module of the invention is suitable for use with a DC/DC converter (DC/DC (10) ver (4), the DC/DC converter has a power switch, and the control module comprises: - a comparator and a proportional integral controller. The device is configured to compare the output voltage of the DC/DC converter with a reference voltage and output a digital logic signal; the proportional integral controller generates a control signal for controlling the power switch to be turned on and off according to the digital logic signal. Preferably, The control module further includes a voltage divider coupled between an output of the DC/DC converter and the comparator for dividing the voltage of the output according to a voltage division ratio. Preferably, the control mode The group further includes a gate driver coupled between the proportional integral controller and the power switch of the DC/DC converter for converting the control signal into a driving signal sufficient to drive the power switch. 201101658 Further, another aspect of the present invention A purpose is to provide a boost converter that is simple in circuit, low in cost, and provides a negative voltage output. The present monthly boost converter includes: one liter The converter, and wherein a group control mode, a boost converter comprising: a power switch, an inductor can be healthy, the electric storage each silk - diode, - a second diode and an output capacitor 0

The / rate switch has an input terminal for receiving the input voltage and an output terminal; the storage inductor has a first end coupled to the output end of the power switch and a grounded first end. The storage capacitor has a power switch connected to the power switch. The first end and the first end of the output end, the p pole of the first diode is lightly connected to the second end of the storage capacitor and the N pole is grounded; the N_ of the second diode is connected to the second end of the storage capacitor; The output capacitor has a first end connected to the p-pole of the second diode and a second end connected to the ground. When the power switch is turned on, the energy storage inductor, the storage capacitor and the first diode form a charging circuit, so that the input voltage stores energy for the energy storage inductor and the storage capacitor; conversely, when the power switch is not turned on, the storage The inductor, the storage capacitor, the second diode, and the output capacitor form a discharge loop that causes the storage inductor and the storage capacitor to release the output capacitor and generate a negative voltage on the output capacitor. The control module is configured to control the opening and closing of the power switch according to the negative voltage outputted by the boost converter. Further, the internal structure of the control module can be similar to the above control module: - a voltage divider, a comparator, a proportional integral controller, and a gate driver. The effect of the present invention is that it can provide a negative voltage power supply with a simple circuit and a low cost and high practicality compared with 201101658. The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. Referring to FIG. 1, a preferred embodiment of a boost converter device of the present invention is used for boost-converting a load voltage to output a negative voltage, including a boost converter (7). 〇st c〇nverter) 1 and a control module 2. The juice 靥 converter has a power switch capacitor, a first diode 'second diode') and an output capacitor power switch is an N-type MOS field-effect transistor (N-MOS) and has a == Input 1〇1 and - Output... Input power (4) ~ A 5 volts, however 'Power switch 夂 can also be p half-field effect transistor (P-MOS). The energy storage inductor B has a first end 1〇3 of the output terminal 102 that consumes two=oxygen, a rate switch m., a grounded second end 104; the energy storage device has a coupling to the power switch and the second End 1〇6. The first diode ... out: 102 brother - end 1 〇 5 second end (10) p pole 107 and a ground Π - lightly connected to the storage capacitor W and died ~ grounded N pole 108; second - engage the foot

"There is - coupled to the second of the storage capacitor - - the polar body A pole (10). The output capacitor has a coupling pole 109 and a p first end (1), and a grounded body; - MU0 One end 111 is the wheel-out terminal of the converter 1 and the circuit capacitor C. 201101658 Next, the operation of each element in the boost converter i and how to output a negative voltage will be described in detail, and in this embodiment, The boost is in continuous conduction mode (CCM), so the boost converter 1 will have two modes of operation, which will be described separately below. Of course, the boost converter can also operate in Discontinuous conduction mode (D1SC〇ntinuous Conducti〇n M〇de, DCM) or Boundary Conduction Mode 'BCM), not continuous conduction mode. 工, Ο Ο 配合 Refer to Figure 2, when the power switch When the 夂 is in the on state, the boost converter 1 enters the first operation mode: the input power unit starts to charge the energy storage circuit and the storage capacitor Q (storage energy), at this time, the first diode is, The p-electrode voltage is higher than its N-pole 108 (four) voltage, and the second diode is due to its The voltage of the drain 110 is lower than the voltage of the drain 109. It is worth mentioning that in the first operation mode, (four) the capacitor (four) cross voltage will be charged to the input voltage V, . In the 'operation mode', the boost converter H 1 has two charging paths. The ^35 path X is the input voltage Vi through the power switch core and the energy storage inductor I to the ground 'the path π is the input voltage, Pass the power switch $, the storage capacitor Q and the diode-D diode to ground. The direction of the charging current of the two paths! and u is shown by the dotted line in Figure 2 and conforms to the following equation (1):

C dt K 5ν; (1) where h is the input voltage 'output current h is the energy stored by the energy storage inductor 201101658 " 'L Vi is the voltage stored in the storage capacitor G, V. The output voltage ' of the boost converter 1' is connected across the output capacitor c. A load (not shown). When the power switch & is in a non-conducting state, the boost converter 1 enters the _th operation mode: the energy storage inductor 1 and the storage capacitor q are opposite to the power supply c. In the charging, charging: the polarity of the p-electrode iig of the polar body a is higher than the voltage of the n-pole 109. Therefore, the second diode A is turned on, and the voltage of the second-pole is higher than that of the e-pole 108. Its " dad 1 〇 7 voltage and cut off. It is worth mentioning that, because the instantaneous current direction of the energy storage inductor is constant, the inductor current will enter the non-conducting state from the conduction state, and the inductor current will counterclockwise to the output capacitor C. Charging is performed as shown by the dotted line in FIG. Therefore, when the boost converter i is in the first mode of operation, the output capacitor ^ also discharges the load in a counterclockwise direction. In the second mode of operation, the boost converter i has only one charge and discharge path and will conform to the following equation (2): :v<-v0 dt (2) h=-ib where '4 is the storage capacitor Q Current. In general, the boost converter of this embodiment is in the first mode of operation: the energy stored by the output capacitor W is used to supply a negative voltage output; in the second mode of operation, the energy storage inductor is charged and stored. Capacitor & Charges the output capacitor. In addition, the duty cycle D ((4) cycle) through the power switch & can adjust the magnitude of the negative voltage 输出 output by the boost converter ,, and its output voltage and output voltage d will conform to the following equation (7): vi ( 3) 201101658 In this embodiment, the input power is a 5 volt pressure transmission plant. Take the absolute value to calculate. In addition, in the present embodiment, the specifications of the boost converter 1 are as follows: (1) The input voltage R is 5V; (2) The output voltage 匕 is 12V (absolute value); (3) The output power is 24w;

(4) The switching frequency of the power switch l is l95kHz; (5) The minimum output power 升压min of the boost converter 丨 operating in the continuous history M conduction mode is 3.6W; and (6) the maximum peak-to-peak (peak_tG_peak) output voltage The even ip*) △v. It is 6〇mV. (The above unit v: volt, w: watt) Then 'with the above specifications' is designed for the storage inductor £ and the storage capacitor 0 output capacitor Q. In this implementation, the storage capacitor ^ meets the following equation (4):

Cb = ^o-rated * - 〇)

It is worth mentioning that the assumption is as follows: The storage capacitor C6 conforms to equation (4) and needs to have the following three (1) In the second operation mode, the storage capacitor Q maintains a constant voltage 'the constant voltage is the input voltage γ; (8) the storage capacitor C; the energy error ε generated between charging and discharging is 0.1%; and (m) the input power is equal to the output power under different loads. Therefore, the value of 'take all the specifications' can be used to obtain the storage capacitor. For 9 201101658 855pF. In other words, the value of the storage capacitor Q is only required to be greater than 855 μρ, but the embodiment is designed to be 1 OOOpF, but not limited thereto. Moreover, the energy storage inductor 1 and the output capacitor c. Then, the following equations (5) and (6) are respectively satisfied: L ν02·(1-Ργ (5) c — 130// household one°~(lD)-V0Av0 (6) Similarly, all the parameters are brought in. The value of the energy storage inductor and the output capacitor (the minimum value of ^5 is 7.4μΗ and 1560μΡ respectively. This embodiment is designed as ΙΟμΗ and 2200pF respectively. Referring to Figure 1, the control module 2 of the embodiment includes one point. A voltage divider 21, a comparator (comparat〇r) 22, a proportional integral (PI) controller 23, and a gate driver (device driver) 24. The voltage divider 21 is coupled to the riser The output of the voltage converter ( (ie, the first end 111 of the output capacitor &) is used to receive the output voltage K and divide it according to a voltage division ratio. In addition, in order to make the logic circuit operate normally, the voltage divider The comparator 21 also converts the output voltage into a positive voltage output. The comparator 22 is connected to the voltage divider 21 for receiving the output voltage of the voltage divider 21 and comparing with a reference voltage to output a digital logic signal, that is, logic. 1 and logical stream composed of data stream; proportional integral control 23 is connected to the comparator 22 for outputting a control signal according to the digital logic signal to determine the duty cycle Z) of the power switch ;; the gate driver 24 is coupled to the proportional integral controller 23 for converting the control signal into sufficient The driving power switch 5 turns on and off the driving signal of the 201101658. In other words, the voltage divider 21 receives the output voltage κ of the boost converter ,, compares it by the comparator 22, and transmits it to the proportional-integral controller 23, which is based on the output. The voltage & generates a duty cycle β of the power switch 下一 of the next cycle to maintain the output voltage G at _12 volts. In particular, the comparator 21 of the present embodiment uses the output voltage κ to perform multiple comparisons with the reference voltage. The serial control signal (ie, data stream) is generated instead of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). In this embodiment, the tU column integral control n 23 is applied to the field effect logic array. (Field Programmable Gate Array, FpGA), and the parameter values \ and VII of the proportional integral controller 23 are 〇5 and 〇〇625, respectively, but the above are not limited by the embodiment. 4 is a waveform diagram of the output voltage κ, the inductor current 4, and the driving signal outputted by the gate driver 24 of the boost converter device 1 , which is a simulation result generated by using the analog software IsSpice. G is expressed by a positive voltage (absolute value). As can be seen from Fig. 4, the boost converter 1 〇〇 is appropriately adjusted by the control of the control module 2 to adjust the duty cycle of the power switch & The volt (negative) power of the cymbal is expected to be output, and the amplitude of the driving signal for driving the power switch to open and close is 20 volts. In summary, the boost converter device 1 of the present invention generates a fixed negative voltage output by the cooperation of the boost converter and the control module 2, and the comparator module is used in the control module 2 to replace the analog digital position. Converter ' Therefore, the boost converter device 100 of the present invention is not only simple in circuit but also low in cost, and is more suitable for use in the industry of 11 201101658. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention, All remain within the scope of the invention patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a preferred embodiment of a boost converter of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing three charge and discharge paths of a boost converter in a first mode of operation; 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the discharge path of the boost converter in the second mode of operation; and FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram illustrating the simulation results of the output voltage 匕, the inductor current & and the drive signal of the boost converter. 12 201101658 [Description of main component symbols] 100... •...Boost converter 109... •••Ν pole (second diode) 1... •...Boost converter 110... ••••Ρpole (second Diode) 101... •...Input terminal 111... •...terminal (output capacitor) 102... •...output 112... •...second terminal (output capacitor) 103... ...·terminal (storage inductor) 2 · ·.... •...control module 104... •...second end (storage inductor) 21 ••... •...divider 105... ...first end (storage capacitor) 22... •... comparator 106... •...Second end (storage capacitor) 23... •...Proportional integral controller 107... •...P pole (first diode) 24... ...·gate driver 108... _···bungee (first diode) ❹ 13

Claims (1)

201101658 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A boost converter for boosting an input voltage to output a negative voltage. The boost converter comprises: - a power switch having an input for receiving the input voltage And a first end of the power storage inductor having a first end connected to the output end of the power switch and a second end connected to the ground; the capacitor capable of having a first end coupled to the output end of the power switch And a second end; a second end of the capacitor, a first diode, the P pole is coupled to the N pole of the storage base; and a second diode is connected to the storage capacitor The second end; the ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The first diode forms an input electric blast Υ k k ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta ta The storage capacitor, the 嗲__ _ body and the output capacitor form a discharge circuit ^ a pole «. Pulling out the capacitor discharge energy, and generating the negative 2 on the output capacitor. According to the capacitance of the applied energy storage capacitor / the boost conversion ^, wherein the power is excited with the boost converter It is proportional to the output rate of the energy storage electric force punch, and the energy error between the energy supply and the energy release, the 14 201101658 = expensive * term: period = the switching frequency of the power switch and the power 3. The boost converter of claim 1, wherein the sense of the stored energy inductor is proportional to the negative (four) square, and the minimum output power of the converter and the switching frequency of the power switch: The cube of the duty cycle of the power switch is inversely proportional. 4. The riser converter according to claim 1, wherein the capacitance of the output capacitor is proportional to a minimum output power of the boost converter, and the negative voltage | The continuous wave voltage is inversely proportional to the duty cycle of the power switch. 5. A control module suitable for use with a DC/DC converter having a power switch, the control module comprising: a comparator 'Comparing the output voltage of the DC/DC converter with a The reference voltage 'and outputs a digital logic signal; and the proportional integral controller 'generates according to the digital logic signal - a control signal that controls the opening and closing of the power switch. 6. The control module according to claim 5, further comprising a voltage divider coupled between an output of the boost converter and the comparator for using a voltage division ratio The voltage at the output is divided. 7. The control module according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a gate driver connected between the proportional integral controller and the power switch of the boost converter for controlling the gate The signal is converted to a drive signal sufficient to drive the power switch. 8. A boost converter, comprising: 15 201101658 A boost converter comprising: a power switch having an input-to-input voltage input and an output. An energy storage inductor having - (d) a first end of the output end of the power switch and a grounded second end, - a storage capacitor having a first end and a second end coupled to the output end of the power switch a first polar body, wherein the p-pole is connected to the second end of the storage capacitor, the N-pole is grounded, the second diode, the N-pole is coupled to the storage capacitor end, and the Le--so The P and the light connection, the second end is grounded, and the energy storage inductor, the storage capacitor and the first diode form a charging/loop when the power switch is turned on, so that the input voltage is applied to the storage inductor And the energy storage: Ding energy storage, when the power switch is not turned on, the fitness inductor tantalum capacitor, the second diode body and the output capacitor form a _discharge loop to make the museum energy inductor and the storage capacitor Output capacitor = energy, and the negative voltage is generated on the output capacitor; and - control mode, group, according to the negative voltage corresponding to control the opening and closing. According to the boost converter (four) set according to item 8 of the patent scope, the control module includes a comparator and a proportional integral controller, and the voltage and the voltage of the wheel capacitor are compared. _Reference voltage X 御~Digital logic 16 201101658 The signal 'The proportional integral controller generates a control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the power switch according to the digital logic signal. 10. The boost converter of claim 9, wherein the control set further comprises -_ connected between the boost converter and the comparator: a voltage divider 'the voltage divider according to one The ratio is divided into parts. 11. The boost converter device according to the ninth or 1Gth patent of the patent scope of the patent, wherein the 〇=^ module further comprises an interpole driver connected between the proportional integral controller and the rise 11 for The control signal is converted into a drive signal sufficient to drive the power switch. 12. The dust-removing conversion device according to claim 8, wherein the capacitance of the storage capacitor is proportional to the output power of the boost converter, and the energy storage capacitor is in energy storage and energy dissipation. The energy error generated between the two, the second f, the negative voltage, the switching frequency of the power switch and the duty cycle of the power switch are inversely proportional. ❹13 (4) The conversion device according to item 8 of the patent scope, wherein: the sense value of the storage inductance is proportional to the square of the negative voltage, and the minimum output power of the rise is 'the switching frequency of the power switch and The cube of the duty cycle of the force rate switch is inversely proportional. According to the lifting device described in claim 8 of the patent application scope, Huangzhong, the capacitance of the wheel-out capacitor and the minimum output of the liter converter are = ratio 'and the negative voltage, the negative „ The continuous wave is inversely proportional to the duty cycle of the power switch. 17