SU882743A1

SU882743A1 - Milling and sawing machine

Info

Publication number: SU882743A1
Application number: SU792727955A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Михаил Петрович Авксентьев; Анатолий Андреевич Настенко
Original assignee: Центральный научно-исследовательский институт механической обработки древесины
Priority date: 1979-02-23
Filing date: 1979-02-23
Publication date: 1981-11-23

Description

Изобретение относится к оборудованию по переработке бревен в пиломатериалы и щепу и может быть использовано в деревообрабатывающей промышленности.The invention relates to equipment for processing logs into lumber and wood chips and can be used in the woodworking industry.

ι Известны фрезерно-пильные станки для переработки бревен на пиломатериалы и щепу, содержащие станину, фрезерный узел, направляющий устройство, установленный за ними пильный узел и механизм подачи бревен [12, ¹ [2L [31 и [4].ι Milling and sawing machines for processing logs into lumber and wood chips containing a bed, a milling unit, a guiding device, a saw unit behind them and a log feeding mechanism are known [12, ¹ [2L [31 and [4].

Недостатками этих фрезерно-пильных станков является низкая точность вырабатываемых пиломатериалов по толщине,, значительная длина и большая металлоемкость станка. Разнотолщинность крайних досок как по длине, так и по ширине объясняется следующим. При подаче бревна через станок происходит его перебазирование (так как существующие механизмы подачи не могут обеспечить прямолинейного перемещения и жесткой фиксации бревна),вслед2 ствие этого фрезы формируют иласти бруса с отклоненньми от идеальной формы. Бревна имеют неправильную форму (кривизну,овальность,закамелистость) , неоднородное строение (крень, свиливатость, сучки, различная плотность слоев) и значительные внутренние напряжения. При переработке горбыльных частей бревна фрезами в щепу равновесие внутренних напряжений нарушается. Перераспределение внутренних напряжений в брусе вызывает деформации изгиба и скручивания. Таким образом, в пильный узел станка поступает брус, который имеет значительные отклонения от идеальной формы. Эти отклонения^ конечном счете,и определяют равномерность выпиливаемых крайних досок. Кроме .того, чем дальше друг от друга расположены фрезерный и пильный узлы, тем больше влияние отклонений формы бруса на разнотолщинность крайних досок и тем больше длина и металлоемкость станка.The disadvantages of these milling and sawing machines is the low accuracy of the produced lumber in thickness, a significant length and large metal consumption of the machine. The thickness variation of the extreme boards both in length and in width is explained by the following. When the log is fed through the machine, it is relocated (since the existing feeding mechanisms cannot provide rectilinear movement and rigid fixation of the log), as a result of this, the milling cutters form the beam and the beam deviate from the ideal shape. The logs have an irregular shape (curvature, ovality, fossility), heterogeneous structure (heel, twistiness, knots, different density of layers) and significant internal stresses. When processing the slab parts of the log with cutters into wood chips, the balance of internal stresses is disturbed. Redistribution of internal stresses in the timber causes bending and twisting deformations. Thus, a beam enters the sawing unit of the machine, which has significant deviations from the ideal shape. These deviations ultimately determine the uniformity of the cut boards. In addition, the further the milling and sawing units are located, the greater the influence of deviations in the shape of the beam on the thickness of the extreme boards and the greater the length and metal consumption of the machine.

•Известны также фрезерно-пильные• Also known are milling and sawing

Станки, содержащие станину, фрезерный узел, пильный узел пилы которого установлены за направляющим устройством, имеющим небольшую длину £5}. _s Machines containing a bed, a milling unit, the saw blade of which is installed behind a guide device having a short length of £ 5}. _s

Однако в этих станках сближение фрезерного и пильного узлов станка уменьшает, но полностью не устраняет, Вредное влияние перебазирования и отклонений формы бруса на разнотол- ю щинность вырабатываемых крайних досок, Кроме того, соответственно сближению фрез и пил в направлении подачи бревна уменьшилась длина направляющего устройства, что оказывает отрицатель- 15 ное влияние на точность получаемых пиломатериалов и, в конечном итоге, на их качество.However, in these machines, the convergence of the milling and sawing units of the machine reduces, but does not eliminate completely. which has a negative impact on the accuracy of the resulting lumber and, ultimately, on their quality.

Наиболее близкий по конструкции и достигаемому результату фрезерно- 20 пильный станок, содержащий станину, фрезерный узел, пильный узел, пилы которого установлены между фрезами, направляющее устройство и механизм подачи бревен Г61. 25The milling-20 saw machine closest in design and the achieved result contains a bed, a milling unit, a saw unit, the saws of which are installed between the cutters, a guiding device and a G61 log feeder. 25

Недостатком этого станка является така^е недостаточно высокое качество обработки,т.е. получаемых пиломатериалов, так как доски,получаемые из бруса, будут оторваны от бревна (происходит _3{Jскол в полости расположения пилы) до завершения формирования пластей как фрезой, так и пилой.The disadvantage of this machine is such an insufficiently high quality of processing, i.e. of the resulting lumber, since the boards obtained from the timber will be torn off the log ( _{3 {J} chip in the cavity of the saw’s location) occurs until the formation of the slices by both the milling cutter and the saw.

Цель изобретения-повышение качества обработки. __The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of processing. __

Это достигается тем, что рабочие участки зубчатых кромок йил расположены за осями вращения фрез по направлению подачи.This is achieved by the fact that the working sections of the serrated edges of the yields are located behind the axis of rotation of the cutters in the feed direction.

На чертеже изображена схема фрезер~₄₀но-пильного станка.The drawing shows a diagram of the milling cutter ~ ₄₀ butyl saw.

Фрезерно-пильный станок состоит из станины 1, фрезерного узла с фрезами 2 и 3, пильного узла с пилами 4 и 5, направляющего устройства с линейками 6-9. Режущие кромки пил 4 и 5 расположены в зоне между фрез 2 и 3 перед линейками 6-9 направляющего устройства.The milling and sawing machine consists of a bed 1, a milling unit with cutters 2 and 3, a saw unit with saws 4 and 5, a guiding device with rulers 6-9. The cutting edges of the saws 4 and 5 are located in the area between the cutters 2 and 3 in front of the rulers 6-9 of the guide device.

Фрезерные и пильные узлы, направляющие устройство установлены на станине 1 с возможностью поперечного перемещения, таким образом, что фрезы 2 и 3, пилы 4 и 5, линейки 6-9 устанавливаются на соответствующем расстоянии друг от друга, в зависимости от диаметра бревен и толщины пиломатериалов.The milling and sawing units, the guiding device are mounted on the bed 1 with the possibility of lateral movement, so that the milling cutters 2 and 3, saws 4 and 5, rulers 6-9 are installed at an appropriate distance from each other, depending on the diameter of the logs and the thickness of the lumber .

Переработка бревна во фрезернопильном станке происходит следующим образом.Processing logs in the milling machine is as follows.

Механизмом подачи бревно подается в станок, где фрезы 2 и 3 перерабатывают горбыльные части бревна в щепу и формируют пласти бруса,от которого. пилы 4 и 5 отпиливают доски. Оставшаяся часть бруса и доски поддерживаются и направляются линейками 6-9 направляющего устройства.The feed mechanism feeds the log into the machine, where cutters 2 and 3 process the humped parts of the log into wood chips and form a layer of the beam from which. Saws 4 and 5 saw off the boards. The rest of the timber and boards are supported and guided by rulers 6-9 of the guide device.

Claims

The invention relates to equipment for the processing of logs into lumber and wood chips and can be used in the woodworking industry. I Known milling and sawing machines for processing logs for lumber and wood chips, containing a frame, a milling unit, a guide device, a saw unit mounted behind them and a log feeding mechanism SP, 2, 1У1 and 1: 4. The disadvantages of these milling-sawing machines is the low accuracy of the lumber produced in the thickness of a considerable length and large intensity of the machine. The thickness variation of the extreme boards, both in length and in width, is explained as follows. When the log is fed through the machine, it is relocated (since the existing feed mechanisms cannot provide for straight-line movement and rigid fixation of the logs, as a result, the cutters form the faces of the beam deviated from the ideal shape. The logs have an irregular shape (curvature, ovality, zakamelistost), non-uniform structure (heel, grace, knots, density of layers is different) and significant internal stresses. When processing bulk parts of the log with mills into chips, the balance of internal stresses Redistribution of internal stresses in the timber causes bending and twisting deformations. Thus, a saw bar that has significant deviations from the ideal shape enters the sawing unit of the machine. These deviations ultimately determine the uniformity of the outermost boards. the farther apart the milling and sawing units are, the greater the influence of deviations of the bar shape on the thickness variation of the outer planks and the greater the length and intensity of the machine. Milling and sawing machines are also known, which contain a frame, a milling unit, the saw unit of which is installed behind a guide device having a short length of 1.51. However, in these machines, the convergence of the milling and sawing units of the machine reduces, but does not completely eliminate, the adverse effect of relocation and bar shape deviations on the thickness variation of the extreme planks. In addition, according to the proximity of the cutters and saws in the feed direction of the logs, the length of the guide device decreased, which has a negative effect on the accuracy of lumber and, ultimately, on their quality. The milling machine that is the closest in design and achievable result, contains a frame, a milling unit, a sawing unit, the saws of which are installed between the mills, the guide device and the log feeder GB1. The disadvantage of this machine is not high enough quality of processing, i.e. the resulting sawn timber, since the boards produced from the timber will be torn off from the log (chipping occurs in the cavity of the saw) until the formation of the layers is completed both with the cutter and with the full. The purpose of the invention is an increase in processing quality. ; This is achieved by the fact that the working areas of the toothed edges of the Ail are located behind the axis of rotation of the mills in the direction of the feed. The drawing shows a diagram of the milling machine saw. The milling and sawing machine consists of a bed 1, a milling unit with mills 2 and 3, a sawing unit with saws 4 and 5, a guiding device with rulers 6-9. The cutting edges of the blades 4 and are located in the area between the cutters 2 and 3 in front of the rulers 6-9 of the guide device. The milling and sawing units, the guiding device are mounted on the frame 1 with the possibility of transverse movement, so that the milling cutters 2 and 3, the saws 4 and 5, lines 6-9 are installed at an appropriate distance from each other, depending on the diameter of the logs and lumber thickness. Log processing in a milling machine is as follows. The log feed mechanism is fed into the machine, where the mills 2 and 3 perebrashut slab logs in the chips and FO {1It the face of the timber, from which, saws 4 and 5 saw off the board. The remaining part of the beam and board is supported and guided by pins 6-9 of the guide device. The invention The milling and sawing machine for processing logs into lumber and wood chips, containing a frame, a milling unit, the saws of which are installed between the mills, a guide device and a log feeding mechanism, which, in order to improve the quality of processing The working areas of the serrated edges of the saws are located behind the axis of rotation of the mills in the direction of feed. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 317268, cl. B 27 B 7/04, 1971.,

2. The patent of the USA 3344826, cl. 144-3, 1968.

3. Patent GOA 3487866, cl. 144-312, 1969.

4. US patent 8 4015648, cl. B 27 C 1/02, 1975.

5. The patent of Sweden 338497, cl. In 27 L P / OO, 1971.

6. Authors certificate of the USSR 564152, cl. B 27 C 9/04, 1975.