SU876984A1 - Percussive hydro-pneumatic device - Google Patents

Description

(54) HYDROPNEUMATIC DEVICE

one

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular, to hydro-pneumatic devices of percussive action, and can be used for loosening frozen soils and semi-rocks, destroying stone buildings and foundations, crushing rocks and ores.

A hydraulic percussion device is known, in which the energy of the hydraulic drive is used to perform both working and idling speed. At that, the speed. The stroke of the shock Porsche depends mainly on the performance of the hydraulic drive. The device is characterized by non-decisive stability in operation and low efficiency of using the hydraulic power of the drive, and consequently, low efficiency.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed is a hydro-pneumatic impact device, including a housing with a working chamber and a shock piston, 26 Hydropneumatic piston compensator, a hydropneumatic accumulator, which you receive from the hydraulic cylinder with the installed IMMEDIATE ACTIVITY

a two-stage piston with a high pressure cavity, a zolotnknovoe device and a tool 2.

A disadvantage of the known device is low reliability of operation.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the inner surface of the cylinder of a hydropneumatic accumulator is stepped with a ratio of step diameters equal to a stepped piston forms a compression cavity with the inner surface of the cylinder, the compression cavity and the high pressure cavity have the ability to periodically communicate through a gold distribution device with the working chamber by means of control channels, which are made in the piston of the accumulator.

In addition, between the tool n hit; The hydraulic chamber is made of this pore.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the device with the position of parts in

yachal idle moment; in fig. 2 - The same at the moment of the beginning of the working stroke.

The main impact device includes a housing 1, inside which is installed a shock piston 2 with a deaf axial channel 3 and radial channels 4, a guide 5, in which tool 6, a hydraulic piston piston forks, consisting of a cylinder 7 with a piston 8, hydraulic 9 and gas 10 cavity, spool distribution. a device consisting of a plunger 11 and a housing 12, a hydropneumatic accumulator consisting of a cylinder 13 in which a two-stage piston 14 is installed with control channels 15 made in it. The smaller level of the shock piston 2 forms the inner surface of the housing 1 and the distribution sleeve 16, the working chamber 17, and the large stage and the ends of the tool 6 and the guide 5, the hydraulic chamber 18. The two-stage piston 14 of the battery forms a compression cylinder with the interior surfaces of the stepped cylinder 13 of the battery cavity 19 and cavity 20 high pressure. The guide 5 of the tool 6 and the cylinder 7 of the hydropneumatic compensator are connected to the body 1 by means of the crackers 2t. The working chamber 17, the compression cavity 19 and the high pressure cavity 20 are connected to a spool distributor with light spacing channels 22-24. An inner groove 25 is made on the inner surface of a smaller stage of the cylinder 13 of the accumulator, which channel 26 is connected to the end cavity of the spool 11 of the distributor . The working fluid is supplied to the device via a pressure 27 and a drain 28 line m. The gas cavity 29 of the battery is filled with compressed gas (for example, nitrogen) under pressure, which provides the specified parameters of the impact energy. The gas cavity W of the compensator is connected to the atmosphere by an opening 30. The hydraulic cavity 9 of the compensator, the working chamber 17, the compression cavity 19 and the high-pressure cavity 20, the hydraulic chamber 18, as well as all the channels connecting them, are cooled with the working fluid.

The device works as follows.

& the initial state of the device part occupies the position corresponding to the position indicated in FIG. .

When supplying the working fluid under pressure through the pressure line 27 to the outflow pressure cavity 20, the two-stage Porschen 14 moves downward, since the channel 24 is blocked by the working plunger II of the spool valve. Moving

the piston 14 of the winz in the compression cavity 19 creates a discharge, under the action of which the shock piston 2 moves upwards. The change in the volume of the hydraulic valve, measures 18, is compensated by fluid from the cavity 9 of the compensator through channels 4 and 3. At the end of idling, the control channel 15 of the piston 14 of the accumulator enters the high-pressure cavity 20 and the pressurized fluid through the control channel

0 15, the annular groove 25 and the channel 26 enters under the end face of the plunger 11 and throws it into position. The one shown in FIG. 2. In this position, the compression cavity 19 is connected to the discharge pipe through the slide valve and the high pressure cavity 20 to the working chamber 17. The working stroke begins. The working fluid 17 begins to flow into the working chamber 17 from the hydraulic drive and from the high-pressure cavity 20 and accelerate

0 shock piston 2, i.e. The acceleration rate of the shock piston is determined by the total fluid flow rate from the hydraulic drive and the high-pressure cavity of the pneumatic accumulator. Excess fluid volume from hydraulic chamber 18 through

5, channels 3 and 4 flow into the hydraulic cavity 9 of the compensator, while the piston 8 is moved.

At the end of the stroke, the radial channels 4 come under the distribution sleeve 16 and the fluid is cut off in the hydraulic chamber 18. The kinetic energy of the shock piston 2 is spent on compressing the fluid, which transfers force to the tool 6. At this point, the piston 14 5 of the battery connects the end face the cavity of the plunger i I with the discharge and under the action of the spring, the latter moves downward, occupying the position indicated in fig. one.

Then the cycle repeats.

The proposed design of the device allows, through the rational use of the energy of the hydraulic drive, to increase the frequency of impacts, which corresponds to an increase in the impact power, and consequently, 5 efficiency of the device. In addition, the stability of the impact operation is improved.

Claims (1)

1. A hydro-pheumatic percussion device, including a housing with a working chamber and a percussion piston, a hydro-pioneering piston compensator, a hydropneumatic accumulator made of a hydraulic cylinder with it has a two-stage piston and a high-pressure cavity, a spool valve device and an instrument.