SU849378A1

SU849378A1 - Method of automatic emergency releiving of electric plant turbogenerator

Info

Publication number: SU849378A1
Application number: SU792832596A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Александрович Коротков; Сергей Михайлович Шурупов; Виктор Иванович Решетов
Priority date: 1979-10-25
Filing date: 1979-10-25
Publication date: 1981-07-23

Description

. Изобретение относится к электроэнергетике и может быть применено для повышения надежности функционирования энергосистем в аварийных режимах. ₅ . The invention relates to the electric power industry and can be applied to increase the reliability of the functioning of power systems in emergency conditions. ₅

Известен способ автоматической аварийной разгрузки трубогенератора. электростанции, согласно которому управляющее воздействие формируется пр сигналам, пропорциональным скольжению и отклонению активной мощности генератора от уставки и их первым производным Г1].A known method of automatic emergency unloading of the pipe generator. power plant, according to which the control action is formed by the signals proportional to the slip and the deviation of the active power of the generator from the set point and their first derivative G1].

Недостатки способа - косвенный учет аварийного возмущения и существенная зависимость закона управления от отклонений параметров переходного процесса в энергосистеме (например, скольжения), что в ряде случаев снижает эффективность способа на начальном этапе аварийного переходного процесса, когда скольжение мало, а другие составляющие управляющего сигнала не способствуют повышению динамической устойчивости.The disadvantages of the method are the indirect accounting of the emergency disturbance and the significant dependence of the control law on deviations of the parameters of the transient in the power system (for example, slip), which in some cases reduces the efficiency of the method at the initial stage of the emergency transient, when the slip is small and other components of the control signal do not contribute increase dynamic stability.

Так, например, в тот момент $.з. первая производная скольжения может приводить к появлению управляющего сигнала, препятствующего разгрузке турбины по условиям устойчивости энергосистемы.So, for example, at that moment $ .z. the first slip derivative can lead to the appearance of a control signal that prevents the turbine from unloading under conditions of stability of the power system.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому изобретению является способ автоматической аварийной разгрузки турбогенератора электростанции путем фиксации аварийного возмущения в энергосистеме и подачи сигнала управляющего воздействия на исполнительные органы турбины в зависимости от сигнала программного управления Г2].Closest to the proposed invention is a method of automatic emergency unloading of a turbogenerator of a power plant by fixing an emergency disturbance in the power system and supplying a control signal to the turbine actuators depending on the program control signal G2].

Недостатки способа -низкая надежность при погрешностях обработки исполнительными органами аварийной разгрузки электростанции программы управления и Отклонении текущего режима и схемы исходных предпосылок от принятых в предварительных расчетах.The disadvantages of the method are low reliability with errors in the processing by the executive bodies of the emergency unloading of the power plant of the control program and Deviations of the current mode and scheme of the initial premises from those adopted in preliminary calculations.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности разгрузки.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of unloading.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в способе автоматической аварийной разгрузки турбогенератора $ электростанции путем фиксации аварийного возмущения в энергосистеме и подачи управляющего воздействия на исполнительные органы турбины в зависимости от сигнала программного ю управления, измеряют текущие отклонения исполнительных органов турбины от заданного характера изменения, дифференцируют эти отклонения,' суммируют полученные сигналы с сигналом програм-15 много управления и суммарный сигнал используют в качестве сигнала управляющего воздействия, измеряют угол генератора, при.выходе текущего угла за заранее рассчитанйые временные зависимости, определяющие ограничения на изменения углов*генераторв, отличают сигнал управляющего воздей'ствия и формируют новый сигнал управляющего воздействия, пропорциональный сумме отклонения угла генератора от установки, дополнительно измеренного скольжения и его первой производной.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of automatic emergency unloading of a turbogenerator $ of a power plant by fixing an emergency disturbance in the power system and applying a control action to the turbine's actuators depending on the programmed control signal, the current deviations of the turbine's actuators from a given character of change are measured, and these deviations are differentiated , 'the received signals are summed up with the program-15 signal a lot of control and the total signal is used as a control signal of the influence, measure the angle of the generator, when the current angle exceeds the previously calculated time dependences that determine the restrictions on changes in the angles * of the generator, they distinguish the control signal and generate a new control signal proportional to the sum of the deviation of the generator angle from the installation, additionally measured slip and its first derivative.

На фиг. 1 приведена блок-схема устройства, реализующая способ; на фиг. 2 - кривые, характеризующие переходный процесс при осуществлении способа.In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device that implements the method; in FIG. 2 - curves characterizing the transition process during the implementation of the method.

На фиг. 1 обозначены сА- текущее значение угла вектора ЭДС генератора, сАд- установка угла вектора ЭДС генератора; Кр - расчетное положение регулирующих клапанов; К - текущее положение регулирующих клапанов; S скольжение.In FIG. 1, cA is the current value of the angle of the EMF vector of the generator; cAD is the setting of the angle of the vector of the EMF of the generator; Kr - the estimated position of the control valves; K is the current position of the control valves; S glide.

Устройство, реализующее способ повышения динамической’ устойчивости, содержит датчик 1-3.соответственно угла ЭДС генератора, скольжения и положения исполнительных органов турбины, арифметические устройства 4 и 5, дифференциаторы 6-8, сумматоры 9 и 10, устройство 11 коммутации, блок 12 формирования импульса программного управления, блок 13 формирования расчетного положения регулирующих клапанов, блок 14 формирования временных зависимостей, ограничивающих область изменения угла ЭДС, блок 15 сравнения. Устройство работает следующим образом.A device that implements a method of increasing dynamic stability includes a sensor 1-3., Respectively, the emf angle of the generator, the slip and the position of the turbine actuators, arithmetic devices 4 and 5, differentiators 6-8, adders 9 and 10, switching device 11, forming unit 12 program control pulse, block 13 forming the calculated position of the control valves, block 14 forming time dependencies that limit the region of variation of the angle of the EMF, block 15 comparison. The device operates as follows.

Датчиком 1 измеряют угол ЭДС гене- . ратора и определяют в арифметическом устройстве 4 отклонение его от установки, сигнал, пропорциональный этой величине подают в сумматор 9, этот же сигнал подают в дифференциатор 6, сигнал с выхода дифференциатора 6 подают в сумматор 9,Sensor 1 measure the angle of the emf gene. rotator and determine in the arithmetic device 4 its deviation from the installation, a signal proportional to this value is supplied to the adder 9, the same signal is supplied to the differentiator 6, the signal from the output of the differentiator 6 is fed to the adder 9,

Датчиком 2 измеряют скольжение генераторов, полученный сигнал дифференцируют в дифференциаторе 7, дифференцированный и оба сигнала подают в сум матор 9. Датчиком 3 измеряют положё-. ние исполнительных органов турбины, регулирующих каналов, и в арифметическом устройстве 5 определяют отклонение положения регулирующих клапанов от расчетного, формируемого в блоке 13. Полученный сигнал дифференцируют в дифференциаторе 8, диф· ф.еренцированный и недифференцированный сигналы, подают в сумматор 10.Sensor 2 measures the slip of the generators, the received signal is differentiated in differentiator 7, differentiated, and both signals are fed to adder 9. Sensor 3 measures positive. the executive organs of the turbine, the control channels, and in the arithmetic device 5 determine the deviation of the position of the control valves from the calculated formed in block 13. The received signal is differentiated in the differentiator 8, the differentiated and undifferentiated signals are fed to the adder 10.

В блоке формирования импульсов программного управления формируют сигнал программного управления и подают его в сумматор 10. Суммарный сигнал через коммутирующее устройство 11 подают на входы систем регулирования турбин станции. В блоке 14 формируют сигнал, пропорциональный зависимостям, ограничивающих область изменения угла / ЭДС генератора при устойчивом динамическом переходе и в блоке 15 сравнения сравнивают сигналом, пропорцио,нальным действующему изменению угла, ₍ полученного от датчика 1, и при выходе угла генератора за область изменения в устойчивом динамическом переходе, в блоке 15 сравнения формируют сигнал, который попадается в коммутирующее устройство 11, коммутирующее устройство отключает сигнал от сумматора 10, сигнал от сумматора 9 подает на выход системы автоматичесг кого регулирования турбин станций.In the pulse shaping unit of the program control, a program control signal is generated and fed to the adder 10. The total signal through the switching device 11 is fed to the inputs of the turbine control systems of the station. In block 14, a signal is generated proportional to the dependencies that limit the angle / emf of the generator during a stable dynamic transition, and in block 15 of the comparison, a signal proportional to the actual change in the angle ₍ received from sensor 1 and when the angle of the generator goes beyond the region of change in stable dynamic transition, in the block 15 comparison form a signal that falls into the switching device 11, the switching device disconnects the signal from the adder 10, the signal from the adder 9 feeds the system We have automatic regulation of turbine stations.

На фиг. 2 обозначены Р_т -мощность турбины; Р_Э(4 - электрическая мощность; - угол генератора; сА, расчетное изменение угла генератора при устойчивом динимическом переходе; А- временные зависимости, ограничивающие область изменения угла генератора; - время переключения на управление по программе на замкнутый закон регулирования.In FIG. 2 designated P _t -power of the turbine; _{RE (4} - electric power; - generator angle; сА, calculated change in the generator angle with a stable dynamical transition; А - time dependencies that limit the area of change of the generator angle; - time for switching to control according to the program for a closed regulation law.

Применение способа повысит надежность управления мощностью станции для повышения динамической устойчивости- энергосистем. В условиях создания Единой энергетической системы вопрос повышения динамической устой чивости становится весьма актуальным в связи с поасностью возникновения ; » каскадных аварий в масштабе всей ЕЭС.Application of the method will increase the reliability of power station control to increase the dynamic stability of power systems. In the context of the creation of the Unified Energy System, the issue of increasing dynamic stability becomes very relevant in connection with the urgency of occurrence; »Cascading accidents throughout the EEC.

В этих условиях предотвращение нарушений динамической устойчивости 5 энергообъединения путем аварийной разгрузки турбин обеспечит значительный экономический эффект.Under these conditions, the prevention of disturbances in the dynamic stability of the 5 energy connections by means of emergency unloading of the turbines will provide a significant economic effect.

Рализация способа может быть выполнена на существующей аппаратуре 10 противоаварийной автоматики энергосистем е применением управляющих вычислительных машин.The implementation of the method can be performed on existing emergency equipment 10 power system automation using control computers.

Claims

. I. . The invention relates to electric power engineering and can be applied to improve the reliability of the operation of power systems in emergency conditions. . . The known method of automatic emergency unloading of the pipe generator. power plants, according to K1, the control action is generated from signals proportional to the slip and deviation of the active generator power from the setpoint and their first derivatives D5. The disadvantages of the method are the indirect consideration of emergency disturbances and the essential dependence of the control law on the deviations of the parameters of the transition process in the power system (for example, slip), which in a number of cases reduces the efficiency of the method at the initial stage of the emergency transition process when the slip is small and others are The control signal does not contribute to an increase in dynamic stability. So, for example, at that moment. the first slip derivative can lead to the appearance of a control: signal preventing the turbine from unloading according to the stability conditions of the energy system1f1. The closest to the present invention is a method of automatic emergency unloading of a power plant turbogenerator by fixing an alarm disturbance in the power system and supplying a control signal executive bodies of the turbine, depending on the signal of the program control G2. The disadvantages of the method are - low reliability with errors of processing by the executive bodies of the emergency unloading of the power station of the control program and the deviation of the current mode and the scheme of initial readings from those accepted in the preliminary calculations. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the discharge. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of automatic av. The emergency unloading of the turbogenerator of a power plant by fixing emergency disturbances in the power system and supplying a control action to the turbine actuators depending on the program control signal, measure the current deviations of the turbine actuators from a given change pattern, differentiate the received signals with the program signal many control and the sum signal is used as a control signal; the generator angle is measured; and for advance time depending rasschitanyye defining generatorv restriction on the angles change, the control signal to distinguish effects and generating new signal councils L guide effect is proportional to the amount of deflection of the setting angle generator further measured slip and its first proizvbdnoy. FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device implementing the method; in fig. 2 - curves characterizing the transition process in the implementation of the method. FIG. 1 are indicated with SL - the current value of the angle of the EMF vector of the generator, SL - setting the angle of the vector of the EMF of the nerator; CR - the estimated position of the control valves; K - current. the position of the control valves; S slip, A device that implements the method of increasing dynamic stability, contains sensor 1-3, respectively, of the generator EMF angle, slip and position of the executive bodies of the turbine, arithmetic devices 4 and 5, differentiators 6-8, adders 9 10, switching device 11, unit 12 forming a software control pulse, a block for forming a design position of control valves, a block 14 for forming time dependencies limiting the range of changes in the EMF angle, comparison unit 15 The device works as follows by azom Sensor 1 measures the angle of the emf of the generator and determines in the arithmetic unit 4 its deviation from the installation, a signal proportional to this value is fed to the adder 9, the same signal is fed to the differentiator 6, the signal from the output of the differentiator 6 is fed to the adder 9. Sensor 2 measures the slip of the generators, differentiates the received signal in the differentiator 7, differentiates both signals into the summator 9. Sensor 3 measures the position of the turbine actuators, the control channels, and determines the position deviation of the control valves in the arithmetic unit 5 from the calculated signal generated in block 13. The received signal is differentiated in the differentiator 8, the differentiated and undifferentiated signals are fed to the adder 10. In the programmable pulse shaping unit The controls form a program control signal and feed it to the adder 10. The sum signal is fed through the switching device 11 to the inputs of the station turbine control systems. In block 14, a signal is generated that is proportional to the dependencies limiting the region of variation of the generator angle / emf with a stable dynamic transition and in comparison block 15 is compared with a signal proportional to the effective change of the angle received from sensor 1 and when the generator angle goes beyond the region of change in a stable dynamic the transition, in block 15 of the comparison, form a signal that enters the switching device 11, the switching device disconnects the signal from the adder 10, the signal from the adder 9 supplies the output of the system emy circuit-regulating station turbines. FIG. 2 marked Р- - turbine power; REI electrical power; o is the angle of the generator; CD, the calculated change in the angle of the generator with a steady dinimic transition; time dependencies limiting the range of variation of the generator angle; t is the time of switching over to the program control to the closed law of regulation. The application of the method will increase the reliability of the station power control to improve the dynamic stability of the power systems. Under the conditions of the creation of the Unified Energy System, the question of increasing dynamic stability becomes very relevant in connection with the risk of occurrence; cascade accidents across the whole EEC In these conditions, the prevention of disturbances in the dynamic stability of the energy combination by means of emergency handling of turbines will provide a significant economic effect. The implementation of the method can be carried out on the existing equipment of emergency control automation using the control computers. The invention method for automatic emergency unloading of a turbogenerator of a power plant by fixing emergency disturbances in the power system and sending a control signal to the turbine actuators depending on the program control signal, characterized in that the current deviations of the turbine actuators are measured in order to increase the relieving efficiency from a given nature of their changes, differentiate these deviations, summarize the received signals with the program control signal and sum The ary signal is used as a control signal, the current angle of the generator is measured, and when the current angle goes beyond a predetermined time dependence, which limits the changes in the generator angles, the control signal generates a new control signal proportional to the amount of deviation of the generator angle from the setpoint. additionally measured slip and its first derivative. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 558351, cl. H 02 J 3/24, 1975.

2.Iofyev B.I. Automatic emergency power control of power systems. M., Energie, 1979, p. 29-31

No

f5

Cr, Pr, S Fig .. 2