SU52950A1 - Electrolyzer to get magnesium - Google Patents

Description

The proposed device relates to electrolysis cells for the production of magnesium, with a variable pole distance at vertically arranged electrodes, and is intended to give a structure in which sludge removal can be carried out without communicating the gas-space of the bath with the outside atmosphere, as well as the production of refined metals is possible. According to the invention, this is achieved by having three chambers in the side of the bath in which the two extreme ones are used for taking the cathodes and removing the sludge and have a horizontal bottom in common with the bath and the middle chamber serves for metal reception from the bath by gravity flow. refining and releasing it out.

In the attached drawing of FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the electrolysis cell: FIG. 2 is a top view thereof; FIG. 3 shows its side section along the line CD of FIG. 2; in fig. 4 is a cross section through chamber 3 (along line EF of FIG. 2).

One of the sides of the bath has three adjacent chambers 1, 2 3.

The chambers / and J are separated from the gas space of the bath by means of a partition 4 that does not reach the bottom. These chambers serve to squeeze the sludge with the stroke, and through them cathode current leads can also go out and also load solid materials (electrolyte portions). In the absence of such operations: /, 5 are covered with lids. //. The gauge 2 is completely separated by the walls from the working space of the bath and has a hole b, communicating with the chute 7, through which the metal goes down from the bath. This opening may be plugged OR may remain open. In addition, chamber 2 has a tap 8 for discharging metal and electrolyte to the outside and is provided with an opening 9 through which electrolyte from the bath can be passed into chamber 2 or back. The tap S and the hole 9 can be closed with separate plugs OR can be connected with one plug 10, which, when rotated, can give din din41: baths from cameron 2 or 2 of the chamber 2 with a tap, and with the plug removed, give both connections simultaneously

When opening the notch 8, the level of electrolyte in chamber 2 decreases, and the metal flows into it from wakna. It can be released immediately after 8 or delayed for the time required for refining in chamber 2. Thus, the most common types of metal can be obtained without additional refining and the capital and other costs associated with it.

The described device allows. to perform all kinds of operations occurring here with greater convenience, saving time and labor, than other devices known so far. The cathodes 72 are fixed in the bottom of the bath, in the case of which tires are brought from the negative plus of the current source, or they can be suspended on horizontal beams, the ends of which are inserted outside through the chambers / and 3. The anodes 13 are located in the central part of the bath or on its sides. In the latter case, instead of two troughs 7, one central trough is connected to hole 6. In both cases, the bath can be doubled, built, and so on, with parallel anodes. Zholoby 7 is made upside-down, i.e., located upside down above the electrolyte. In this case, the metal is collected under them during electrolysis, before the release the electrolyte level rises (with the help of adding a fresh batch, etc.), the metal enters the trough and flows into the hole b. The gases are removed from the bath through the corresponding openings. Baths SINGLE: type or combined (twin, etc.). Can be placed in cascades for

creating a sequential flow of electrolyte with an intermediate metal extraction. This is advisable in the sense that the bulky equipment for the transport of molten salts, the operation of pouring them into baths, and the transport of waste electrolyte from all the baths are eliminated. In addition, the contamination of the baths and the workshop with a hygroscopic electrolyte is eliminated, causing subsequent corrosion of the equipment, impregnation of the foundations and the soil and a corresponding deterioration in electrical insulation, etc. At the same time, the risk of accidents to service personnel is significantly reduced, since burns with splashes of molten mass, explosions in the baths when pouring them from the buckets, etc.

The described electrolyzer can also be used for the production of light metals in the molten state when electrolytes with a higher specific weight are used as compared to metals (for example, for the production of alkali metals and, in certain cases, alkaline earth metals).

The subject matter of the invention.

An electrolyzer for producing magnet with a variable pole distance and vertically arranged parallel electrodes, characterized by the use of three chambers arranged in a row, of which two chambers 1 to 3 serve to lead out cathodes and remove sludge, and the chamber 2 located between them - for metal refining and release of metal and electrolyte. to aBTOpCK03iy testimony I. P 52950 G. Shcherbakov

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