SU388182A1 - DEVICE FOR AIR HEATING - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to general engineering, in particular, to devices for heating automobile engines with hot air before starting in the cold season with their garages free.

Devices for air heating are known, for example, automobile engines, comprising an air duct with an air supply fan installed therein into the combustion chamber at the outlet of which a heat exchanger is located.

However, large-scale devices of this type occur (the loss of heat obtained during combustion of the fuel-air mixture due to the short contact of the flame and combustion products with the surfaces of the heat exchanging elements (a high-temperature gas-air mixture is ejected), as well as a slight heat removal from the heat exchanger surfaces using a useful heat carrier due to its short contact with the heat removal surfaces.In addition, the devices have low efficiency in relation to the fuel consumed: n A significant amount of thermal energy generated from the combustion of the fuel goes to the useful coolant. The use of two fans in a device with one burner entails a large power consumption per unit of heat produced. The device is very cumbersome and has a low efficiency of use when heating engines of a large number of cars.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency, reduce the heat loss resulting from the combustion of fuel in the device by increasing the heat removal capacity from the heat exchanger surface by increasing the duration of contact of the combustion products and heated air with the surfaces of the heat exchange elements and creating the heat exchanger design, simultaneously the battery is thermal energy accumulator, which serves to continue to remove heat from its surface when the combustion of the fuel in the chamber stops; use of one hanger to ensure efficient operation of the whole device with two and three combustion chambers in different directions of hot air flow, and

consequently, a reduction in the power consumption per unit of heat obtained, as well as the creation of a computerized, highly efficient device for preheating engines before launching in a cold season a large number of cars kept in an open parking area.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the heat exchanger is a continuation of the combustion chamber of the fuel-air mixture and is located with respect to the duct as a pipe in the pipe

its entire length, which ensures maximum heat transfer from the combustion of the air-fuel mixture to the inner surface of the heat exchanger and maximum removal of useful heat by the coolant from the outer surface of the heat exchanger due to the contact of the gas-air mixture of combustion and heat carrier along the entire length of the heat exchanger and duct.

In order to ensure complete combustion of the fuel, clean air is additionally supplied to the heat exchanger; its entrance into the burning flame of the heat exchanger is carried out at different points in a helical fashion, which results in good mixing of the mixture and complete combustion of the fuel in the heat exchanger.

To increase the heat capacity, the heat exchanger is made of a thick-walled tube and has rods additionally welded in random order around the perimeter and length of the heat exchanger, protruding in and out of the heat exchanger tube, which serve for better heat removal from the combustion of the internal heat exchanger mixture, increasing the accumulation of heat energy and heat transfer to your: and external projections of the coolant.

Such a design of the heat exchanger allows using the heat accumulated by the heat exchanger half the device operation time, supplying hot air to the heating of vehicles with the fuel supply turned off, i.e. with the combustion chamber not working.

The device uses one axial single-stage fan with an integrated motor installed, in one of the proposed options, at the corner of the V-joint of the two air ducts, which supplies air to both combustion chambers and both heat exchangers for burning fuel, and also provides a coolant two air ducts for simultaneous heating of engines of a large number of cars.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - the same plan view; in fig. 3 is a section along A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - scheme of fuel supply to the injectors; in fig. 5 - the final part of the duct during operation of the device with burning fuel, a longitudinal section; in fig. b - the final part of the duct during operation of the device without burning fuel, a longitudinal section; “And FIG. 7, 8, and 9 are variants of the arrangement of the air ducts of the device with one fan.

The detachable air duct of the proposed device is made of pipes, it is equipped with a fan 2 for supplying air to the combustion chamber 3, at the outlet of which a heat exchanger 4 is located. The combustion chamber is a well-known jet engine chamber. The heat exchanger is made in the form of a pipe and at one end is attached to the combustion chamber and the duct, and along the entire length of the duct is centered by welded radial rods 5, which are passed inside the heat exchanger. Part of the outer ledges

the rods that support the heat exchanger have bends for better sliding at temperature displacements.

To compensate for temperature lengthening, the heat exchanger has a cut, the joints of which are blocked by a compensating coupling 6. The counter-flow of air, the pressure difference and the ejection phenomenon do not allow the flame and gases to leak through the clearances of the coupling into the duct cavity.

In order to ensure intensive and complete combustion of fuel between the air duct and the combustion chamber, pipelines 7 are placed around the ends of the heat exchanger, separated from the chamber.

The air duct is installed on the support rollers 8 and is provided with nozzles 9 for heating hot air and gates W, 11 and 12, one of which is located between the fan and the combustion chamber, the second is at the nozzles 9, and a third is at the output end of the heat exchanger.

The fuel supply circuit to the nozzle 13 of the combustion chamber consists of a tank 14, a pump 15 that receives rotation from the electric motor 16, filters / 7 and 18, respectively, coarse and fine cleaning, as well as valves 19 and 20.

The device works as follows.

The valve 10 is opened and the valves 19 and 20 are energized on the coil installed in the combustion chamber, the electric motor 16 of the pump 15 is turned on, and the fuel from the tank 14 is fed through a piping system through the fuel cleaning filters 17 and 18 to the injector 13. In the injector, the fuel is ignited from the helix, after which the fan 2 is turned on and the voltage is removed from the helix.

The amount of fuel supplied to the injectors is regulated by the return circulation of the fuel by valve 19.

The air injected by the fan splits into two streams, a part of it enters the combustion chamber 3, by means of the guiding plates of the chamber acquires a rotational motion, mixed with the sprayed nozzle with hot fuel, which is completely burned in the heat exchanger cavity.

At the same time, the injected air through pipelines 7 is injected in a spiral form into the burning flame, increasing the turbulence of the mixture of burning fuel with fresh air, thus ensuring complete, smokeless combustion of the fuel in the heat exchanger.

The flame of combustion and the flow of hot gases, the passage along the entire length of the heat exchanger 4, gives off heat to its surface and rods 5 and through the open end valve 12 is emitted into the atmosphere, having an insignificant temperature.

Most of the flow of injected air, the combustion chamber 3 and the pipelines 7, becomes the coolant, which rushes into the air duct, contacts the heated surface of the heat exchanger 4 and

rods 5, passes through the entire length of the duct, heats up. And through the pipes 9 when the valves 11 are open, it goes to the heating of cars.

When the device is operated for 15–20 g, the heat exchanger 4 is along the length; and the rod 5 is strongly inclined and the further supply of fuel to the chamber becomes impractical. Therefore, the pump 15 is turned off, the valves 20 are closed, "the burning of the fuel is stopped. The end flap 12 also closes.

In this case, all the injected fan is: the rum air becomes a useful heating medium. Air with a large aperture and speed blows through the heated external surface of the heat exchanger 4 and the outer projections of the rods 5, the heat accumulated from these surfaces is heated, and also heated through the pipes 9 for heating the car engines for another 15-20 minutes with the combustion chamber not working.

One such cycle, which includes 15–20 min of operation of the device with fuel supply and 15–20 min of operation without fuel supply and combustion, is quite enough to warm up before starting the engines of automobiles that are in an open area at an ambient temperature air -10 - 15 ° C. At an ambient temperature of -20 ° C and below, two such cycles of the device operation are required.

When the device stops working, it is necessary to turn off the pump 15, close the valves 20, let the fan work for a few minutes to cool the heat exchanger, then turn off the fan and close the valve 10.

The air ducts of the device can be made in various ways (see Fig. 7-9). It depends on the location of the parking lot.

Air ducts can be ground or underground, have a different cross-sectional shape and can be made of metal, brick, concrete and other materials.

Subject invention

A device for air heating, for example, automobile engines, comprising an air duct with an air supply fan installed therein into the combustion chamber, at the outlet of which a heat exchanger is located, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, the heat exchanger is made

in the form of a hollow body, for example, a pipe, provided with radial rods protruding inwards and outwards along the entire length, and between the duct and the combustion chamber are arranged around the circumference of the pipe. The lines with the ends distant from the chamber and inserted into the heat exchanger.

Fig

FIG B