SU1733896A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the metallurgy and chemical industry, in particular to apparatuses in which gas and liquid contact on a film-forming surface. The goal is to increase productivity and reliability. The device includes a housing 1, equipped with nozzles for input and output of working media, in which a rotor is horizontally mounted in the form of a shaft 2 and remote disks 3 separated by spacers 4. The disks have windows 7 in the axial zone, separated by bridges, and spacers 4 shaft 2 and have the shape of a star, inscribed in the jumper between the windows of the disks. The discs 3 and spacers 4 are tightly spaced between themselves along the side surfaces and form a rigid composite rotor. The scrapers 9 are located radially between the disks. The disks can be assembled on the shaft in sections separated by spacers of increased thickness. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to metallurgy and the chemical industry and, in particular, to devices in which gas and liquid are in contact on a film-forming surface.

A prior art apparatus for concentrating liquids when heated by a gas, in which the liquid moves in the form of a film covering the surface of the rotating disks and the gases move perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The dry residue is removed from the surface of the disks by a scraper device.

However, since the film moves on the disks under the action of centrifugal forces, the rotor rotates rapidly, which reduces the reliability of the device, and the scraper device also clogs the cross section for the passage of gases between the disks, which leads to uneven and incomplete washing off the surface with gases.

Also known is a heat exchanger which is closest to the one proposed in essence and the effect achieved. This heat exchanger contains a housing with connections for the input and output of working media and a horizontal rotor placed in it in the form of a shaft with disks fitted on it with windows in the axial zone divided by bridges between them, and spacers between the disks and radial scrapers.

Its disadvantages are as follows: The pkna in the discs weaken the latter and therefore the disc rotor has insufficient rigidity and reliability; for the same reason, the device cannot have significant performance on evaporated, moisture.

The aim of the invention is to increase productivity and reliability.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a heat exchanger comprising a housing with nozzles for input and output of working media and

VI

| WITH

ico

00 o 10

horizontal rotor placed in it in the form of a shaft with discs mounted on it, windows in the axial zone, separated by bridges, and spacers between the discs and radial scrapers, each spacer spaced in the jumpers between the windows disk, and all the disks and spacers mounted on the shaft with a snug fit of their side surfaces to each other.

In addition, the discs can be placed on the shaft in sections, and the spacer spacers between the sections are made with a thickness of a greater thickness of the spacers inside the sections.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed heat exchanger; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig .; 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one.

The heat exchanger includes a housing 1 in which a horizontal rotor is placed, which includes a shaft 2, disks 3, spacer spacers 4, stops 5 and lock nuts 6. Disks 3 have window 7 in the axial zone. Spacers 4 are star-shaped, mounted on shaft 2 and a disc inscribed in the lintels between the windows. The disks 3 and spacers 4 stand between themselves tightly along the side surfaces with the help of stops 5 and nuts 6 and together form a rigid disk rotor. The latter may have one or several groups (sections) of disks. FIG. Figure 1 shows a sectioned rotor in which the spacers 4 are thicker between the sections than the spacers between the disks inside the sections. The rotor is supported on bearings 7 and is driven (not shown). Radial scrapers 9 are placed between the discs, fixed in the housing 1. The nozzles 10 and 11 are attached to the latter for supplying and discharging gas. The nozzles 10 are adjacent to the axial area of the discs at the location of the windows 7. On the housing there are also nozzles 12 and 13 for supplying heated and discharging chilled water. They are located in the lower part of the body on a different side from the scrapers 9.

The device works as follows.

The bottom part of the body, before cutting the windows 7, is filled with water, which flows through the nozzle 12 and leaves through the nozzle 13. The rotor rotates at a given speed in the direction from the nozzle 13 to the nozzle 12. At the same time, the disks are moistened with water and a thin film remains on them. Above the water level, the disks are blown by radially cold air that enters the body through the nozzles 1 and through the windows 7 is introduced into the gaps

between the discs 3. The heated air is removed through the pipe 11. As the discs in the gas cavity rotate, they and the water film on them are cooled, and during the dipping in

the water to the left of the scrapers 9 is heated again. Further heating of the discs occurs when they are flushed away with heated water to the right of the scrapers 9. Some of this water is transported in the form of a film along with the discs.

0 through the gas cavity. The thickness of the water film on the disks depends on the speed of their rotation. The latter is chosen so that the air flow at a speed at the exit of the disks of 3-5 m / s does not break the liquid from the film-forming surface.

With a disk thickness of 2 mm and a gap between them of 4 mm in the apparatus, the compactness of the surface is characterized by a value of 180-200 m2 / m3.

0 Scrapers 9 are designed to remove

from disks of film of cooled liquid and sediment of salts.

The heat exchanger is primarily designed to cool the circulating

5 gas treatment water. Difficulties in the operation of cooling towers in such systems consist in the fact that the water being cooled is contaminated with thin particles and contains many dissolved salts prone to precipitation during

0 cooled. As a result, the nozzle in the cooling towers is quickly deposited with sediments, and in the spray-type cooling towers, water dispensers are clogged. Therefore, for example, cooling towers

5 gas stripping units remove 50-70% less heat in the summer than should be calculated.

The heat exchanger replaces a packed cooling tower, from which it differs in that:

0 it used a more developed (by 3-4 times) film-forming surface;

it is possible, by changing the rotor speed, to adjust the thickness of the water film on the disks;

5, it is possible to use a high cooling air velocity, since on thin films is not dangerous spatter;

the film-forming surface is continuously cleaned.

0 The main difficulty in creating rotor coolers is that it is necessary to place an air distribution channel in the central zone of the rotor. Its diameter is such that

5, thin disks are significantly weakened and their rigidity is insufficient.

The proposed technical solution of these difficulties eliminates, since the star-shaped spacers, compressed between themselves disks, form in the axial zone of the rotor

tough farm and give stability to the disks.

The invention can be applied in other ways: when evaporating wastewater and sludge, when heated suspensions. In these cases, the direction of the gas flow changes, which is introduced into the rotor along the periphery of the discs and out through the central zone of the rotor. Scrapers are mounted relative to the discs so that the sediment to be removed is removed from the body in addition to the bath with liquid.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Heat exchanger comprising a housing with inlet and outlet connections for working media and horizontal ro0 located therein. five a torus in the form of a shaft with disks mounted on it, having windows in the paraxial zone, separated by bridges, and spacer spacers between the disks and radial scrapers, characterized in that, in order to increase performance and reliability, each spacer spacer is made in the shape of a star, inscribed in the lintels between the disc windows, and all the discs and spacers are mounted on the shaft with a tight fit of their side surfaces to each other. 2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the disks are arranged on the shaft by sections, and the spacer spacers between the sections are made with a thickness greater than the spacers inside the sections.  -