SU1724912A1 - Free-piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: internal combustion piston engines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: At least one floating piston is installed in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, forming two positively located combustion chambers, the cylinder is equipped with jet nozzles placed in its walls and mounted rotatably around 1 its axis.

Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines, to piston, opposing versions thereof.

Known internal combustion engines with opposed cylinders are arranged in which the rectilinear movement of pistons in stationary cylinders is converted into rotation of the output shaft by various mechanisms, mainly crank-connecting mechanisms.

Such engines have relatively large size due to the need. the location of the crank mechanism. In addition, these engines have sophisticated piston manufacturing technology and increased vibration due to the presence of complex variable forces that arise during operation as a result of the interaction of pistons and connecting rods.

A piston opposed engine is known, comprising an internal combustion engine, in whose cylinder at least one floating piston is mounted,

forming two opposedly located combustion chambers, a gas turbine connected in gas to the exhaust from the combustion chambers.

However, the gas turbine is made in a separate unit, which increases the size of the entire propulsion system, complicates the design and increases the hydraulic losses in the gas supply pipes of a great length.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the size, simplify the design and reduce hydraulic losses.

Free piston engine contains an internal combustion engine, in a cylinder which is installed on. at least one floating piston, which forms two oppositely located combustion chambers, a gas turbine connected to the exhaust gas from the combustion chambers. The gas turbine is made in the form of jet nozzles placed in the walls of the cylinder, the latter being mounted for rotation around its axis.

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Smaller dimensions, simpler design and lower hydraulic losses of the proposed engine as compared to the known one are due to the gas turbine being placed not in a separate unit, but on the side walls of the cylinder and due to the fact that the cylinder is mounted for rotation around its axis. The rotating cylinder simultaneously performs the role of a turbine rotor, and the exhaust connections to the turbine are practically excluded from the design.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed free piston engine; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one.

The free-piston engine contains an internal combustion engine, which consists of a rotating cylinder 2 mounted on the base 1. On the end walls 3 and 4 of cylinder 2, hollow semi-axes 5 and 6 are made, with which cylinder 2 is mounted on the base 1 by bearings 7 and 8. 2, a free piston 9 is installed, sealing rings 14 are installed near the end walls 10 and 11. On the end walls 3 and 4 of cylinder 2 there are windows connecting the internal cavities of hollow semi-axes 5 and 6 with chambers 12 and 13 burned and The windows are covered with inlet valves 15 and 16, in the center of which fuel nozzles 17 and 18 are mounted. Around the middle of the walls of the cylinder 2 there are holes 19c with a tangential tapering outlet to the outside (Fig. 2). The holes 19 are a radial jet turbine and serve to exhaust the exhaust gases alternately from both chambers 12 and 13 of the combustion.

The engine works as follows.

To start the engine, one of the intake valves, for example 15, is supplied with compressed air to the left combustion chamber 12. Air expanding in the cavity of the combustion chamber 12 moves the piston 9 to the extreme right position, if the pressure of the compressed air in the cavity of the right combustion chamber 13 reaches the target, then

the nozzle 18 of the combustion chamber 13 is activated and injects fuel into the cavity of the chamber with compressed air (this moment is shown in Fig. 1). The supply of compressed air to the left combustion chamber 12 is stopped. At the same time, ignition and combustion of fuel in compressed air takes place in the right chamber 13. The piston 9 begins to move to the left and overlaps the exhaust

holes 19.

From this point on, a part of the energy generated by burning the fuel in the right chamber 13 is spent both on moving the piston 9 to the left and on compressing with

using the piston 9, the air in the left chamber 12. The inlet valves 15 and 16 of both chambers 12 and 13 are closed. The piston 9 moves to the extreme left position, compressing the air in the left chamber, simultaneously

the exhaust ports 19 are opened and from the right chamber 13 through them there is an exhaust of compressed gas, part of the energy of which has already been used to compress the air in the left chamber 12: The remaining part of the energy

used to rotate the cylinder 2 using a reactive radial turbine in the form of reactive nozzles. In this case, the exhaust gases (Fig. 2) are accelerated in the tapering holes 19 of the turbine and ejected into

tangential direction outwards, creating a reactive torque of rotation of cylinder 2. Both axle 5 or 6 and the cylinder itself can serve to drive an engine or other consumer.

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Claims (1)

Claims of the Invention: A free piston engine comprising an internal combustion engine in which cylinder is installed at least At least one floating piston that forms two opposedly located combustion chambers, a gas turbine connected in gas to the exhaust from the combustion chambers, characterized in that, in order to improve weight and size indicators, the gas turbine is made in the form of jet nozzles placed in the walls of the cylinder, the latter being mounted for rotation around its axis.