SU1677297A1 - Tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining equipment, namely, tunneling machines, and can be used for remote unmanned drifting of drifts through outburst formations. The goal is to increase the productivity of the combine due to effective thrust and self-centering. The tunneling machine includes a tracked undercarriage 1 with a frame 5, a body 4 mounted on it with an executive body in the form of an arrow 6 and an overlap. The latter is made in the form of cylindrical cylinders (CB) 16-19 of elastic elastic material filled with fluid. In this case, the central banks 16-19 are connected to the compressor through a pipeline 23 with valves and hermetic swivel connectors. The overlap has retractable rods (W), which are mounted on the body of the combine harvester. In each row, the Ш Ш are installed in directions radial with respect to the longitudinal axis of the combine with the possibility of fixing in the required height position. At the same time, W are made with roller-supports in the form of roller 21 and frame 22. Rollers 21 are attached to the central bank 16-19 with the possibility of contact with the arch 27 of the development and rotation of the central bank 16-19 during axial movement of the combine. The downhole processing is performed by the cutting bit 7 when the boom 6 is moved with the jacks 13 and 15 in the horizontal or vertical directions. When shifting the combine with a compressor, the pressure in the central bank 16-19 is reduced, reducing the total force of the combine thrust. Then the cycle is repeated. 4 il. (Ls

Description

The invention relates to mining, in particular to roadheaders for coal mines, and can be used for remote unmanned drifting of drifts through outburst-hazardous formations, for example, by means of technical vision, telemechanics and remote control.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the combine due to effective thrust and self-centering.

Figure 1 shows a tunneling machine, working out from the side (for a better display of the design, the digging of cylindrical

cylinders and rollers, the development is given conditionally transparent; 2 - the same, the development from above (for a better display of the design, a tear-out of cylindrical cylinders and roller supports along the axis is given, the output and housing are conventionally transparent); on fig.Z - the same, rear view; figure 4 - section aa in fig.Z.

The roadheader includes a running gear 1, for example, in the form of a tracked driveway, a loading device 2, a conveyor 3, a housing 4, a frame 5 and an actuator, for example, in the form of a boom 6 s

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cutting crown 7 and mechanisms of rotation and lifting. The actuator is mounted on platform 8, connected to frame 5 by hinge 9 and jacks 10. The boom b swinging mechanism consists of an axis 11 fixed on platform 8, housing 12 and jacks 13 connecting platform 8 and housing 12, and is located on platform 8 between the hinge 9 and the hinge 14 of the boom lifting mechanism. The boom lift mechanism consists of a hinged lift formed by trunnions fixedly mounted on the arrow and entering into the corresponding openings of the casing 12 of the turning mechanism, and jacks 15 connecting the boom 6 and the casing 12 of the turning mechanism.

The heading machine is equipped with K (in the example shown there are four) cylindrical cylinders 16, 17, 18 and 19 made of elastic resilient material (for example, from reinforced rubber), retractable rods 20 (in the given example, the number of retractable rods is 65), each of which consists of a roller 21 on bearings and a U-shaped frame 22, at the ends of which roller 21, 2K is fixed by pipelines 23 with valves 24 (in the example shown, the number of pipelines 23 with valves 24 is eight, two pipes with valves for each cylindricalballoon), 2K hermetic hinged connectors 25 (in the example shown, eight, two for each balloon), compressor 26 installed from frame 5 of the combine.

Retractable rod 20 in rows of rows (in the example, thirteen) along the length of the combine with the possibility of fixation in the desired position along the height inserted into the body 4 of the combine radially with respect to the roof 27 of the output (in FIG. 3, the arch 27 of production is shown as a semicircle On the free ends of the sliding rods 20, there are fixed roller supports in the form of frames 22 with rollers 21 parallel to the tangent to the roof of the 27 production directions for a cross-section of the output in any of the rows of rods. The cylindrical cylinders 16, 17, 18 and 19 with their butts 2 8 through hermetic swivel connectors 25 and pipelines 23 with valves 24 are connected to a compressor 26 mounted on a combine frame 5. Cylindrical cylinders 16, 17, 18 and 19 are hung on rollers (rollers 21) with the possibility of contacting the cylinder 27 of development and rotation of cylinders for axial movement of the combine in the excavation. For this, cylinders 16-19 are laid on rollers 21, as shown, for example, in FIG. 4: part of rollers 21 are under the cylinders (in FIG. 4 it is shown that under each balloon there is rolls on five

pieces of rollers in each row), and the second part of the rollers is between the cylinders and they are pushed closer to the roof 27 of the mine (figure 4 shows that between each pair of adjacent cylinders one row of

0 five rollers, and one row of rollers, five in each, are mounted on the edges of the extreme cylinders, each of these rollers being closer to the roof 27 of the production approximately by the diameter of the roller, or by half

5 diameters of a compressed balloon). This ensures that as the combine moves to the chest, the cylinders 16-19 and rollers 21 are rotated in the directions shown in Fig. 4.

When installing a combine in a mining complex, it is preliminarily under the shape and dimensions of the excavation that it is installed that it is installed in the desired position and that the retractable rods 20 are fixed with roller supports at the ends. In this case, the following will be used: the roller supports, located 5 between the cylindrical cylinders and on the edges of the cylinders, are installed about 1/3 of the diameter of the cylindrical cylinder from the roof arch to the top of the roller. If, for example, the diameter

If a cylindrical cylinder is 0.8 m, the upper parts of the intermediate and extreme rollers in five rows are installed at distances of about 0.27 m from the roof of the mine. Roller supports located under cylindrical cylinders (eight rows of roller bearings in five rows in a row) are placed at a distance from the arch of approximately 2/3 of the diameter of a cylindrical cylinder, or in the example given equal to 0.54 m. compressor 26 and create in cylindrical cylinders 16-19 overpressure. For example, when the radius of the roof of the mine 27 is 2.5 m, the length of cylindrical cylinders will be okrlo

5 7.8 m, and the contact area of each cylinder with the production arch when it is crushed, as shown in Fig. 4, is about 3.9 m2. If in each cylinder the compressor is provided with an overpressure of 1.5 these, then the pressure force of the cylinder on the roof arch, and, consequently, the pressure force of the roof vault through the cylinder and ten retractable rods with roller-supports will be 19.5 tons, i.e. strength,

5 transferred to each retractable rod, equal to about 1.95 tons. The total thrust force of the combine in working when using four cylinders will be about 78 tons. Changing the pressure from the compressor to cylindrical cylinders from 1.1 to 3 MPa (with

This cylinder can be made of reinforced rubber with a wall thickness of 4 mm), it is possible to change the thrust force of the combine in working from 15.6 tons to 312 tons. At the same time, the load on each carrier retractable rod will vary from 0.78 tons to 15 6 tons. This design feature ensures effective spreading and self-centering of the combine in the mine workings regardless of the shape of the mine (roller pores are attached to the rods in accordance with the shape of the roof of the mine) without local violations of the roof mine while eliminating roof collapses.

The combine works as follows.

The cutting crown 7 is inserted into the bottomhole at a given place with a stationary combine with the help of hydraulic jacks 29. The boom 6 position when inserting the crown into the bottomhole is selected depending on the adopted bottom mining scheme and specific geological conditions by lifting, lowering or turning the boom 6 by jacks 10 , 13,15 drive 30 of the mechanism of rotation and rise. The downhole processing is performed by the cutting bit 7 when the boom 6 is moved by the jacks 13 and 15 in the horizontal or vertical directions.

As required, the distance from the soil of the hinge 14 of the boom mechanism 30 is changed by raising or lowering the platform 8 with jacks 10. This operation is performed for the most effective (with the least loss) mining of minerals during selective excavation, as well as for the elimination of irregularities and ledges on the roof and the soil of the ongoing development. The horn has been beaten off, the mass is removed from the soil by a loading device 2 with scoops and with the help of container 3 it is reloaded into vehicles.

The work of the heading machine itself depends on its design and may be done differently. For the invention, it is important that, for any design of the combine, it contains a running gear for longitudinal movement along the excavation, a loading device and a conveyor for moving the broken rock mass through the combine, the housing, the frame and the actuator for destruction of the massif.

After processing the entire area, the combine moves forward by the amount of a notch into the array of the crown 7. When the combine is moved by compressor 26 with pipelines 23 with valves 24, the pressure in cylindrical cylinders (for example, up to 1.05 these) is reduced, for example, 7.8 tons) Even with such an effort of thrust, in the process of shifting, the combine cannot move 5 from the axis of production. After shifting the combine, its cycle is repeated.

At the beginning of the next cycle, the driver remotely or directly opens the valves 24 and turns on the compressor 26, increasing the pressure in the cylindrical cylinders to the desired value. The fluid for changing pressure in cylindrical cylinders 16-19 can be applied 15 with air, inert gas (to provide automatic fire extinguishing) or any suitable liquid (water, emulsion, anti-pyrogen, etc.). Then a new driving cycle begins. When moving the combo, the cylinders and rollers of the supports rotate, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 4.

If, in the course of work or during shifting, the combine begins to shift relative to the axis of generation, then only the roller supports

5 will press the cylinder section to the arch of the excavation, and the other roller-supports will move away from the arch of the excavation and reduce the pressure on the other section of the cylinder. In such cases, due to the unequal forces of interaction of the roller bearings with the cylinders through the roller bearings and rods, the resultant force will act on the body of the combine, which will begin to return the combine to its axial position. The resultant force at any time will arise in the direction opposite to the displacement of the combine, and the value of the resultant force at any moment of time will be directly proportional to the magnitude of the displacement of the combine from the axis

0 generation. At the same time, different forces of the interaction of cylinders with supporting rollers will nullify the plane-parallel displacement of the combine to the right or left of the axis or nullify the angle

5 pitch or roll of the combine.

In addition, the proposed design of the combine eliminates the outfalls from the arch of the mine, as well as eliminates local violations of the mine roof (if the combine was bursting with any other device), since the proposed harvester provides the same pressure on the roof mine over a large area, and the elasticity of the cylindrical cylinders and their Interaction without friction with the arch of production makes it possible to adapt even to irregularities in the arch of excavation. The invention The mining machine, including a tracked undercarriage device with a frame, a body mounted on it with an arrow-shaped organ, an overlap above the combine with retractable rods, is characterized in that, in order to increase productivity due to effective expansion and self-centering, it is equipped with a compressor installed on the frame, and retractable rods are mounted on the body of the combine in rows along the length of the combine, in each row the rods are installed in directions radial with respect to the longitudinal axis of the combine with the possible spine fixation in a desired height position, and the carrying rollers are made with the free ends arranged perpendicularly to longitudinal axes of sliding rods, and the overlap is in the form

cylindrical cylinders of elastic resilient material filled with fluid, while cylindrical cylinders are connected to the compressor through pipelines with valves and sealed hinged connectors and mounted on rollers for rotation with the axial movement of the combine.

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Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A roadheader, including a tracked undercarriage with a frame, a housing with a swept body mounted on it, an overlap over the combine with extendable rods, which is based on the fact that, in order to increase productivity due to efficient expansion and self-centering, it equipped with a compressor mounted on the frame, and extendable rods are mounted on the combine body in rows along the length of the combine, in each row the rods are installed in radial directions with respect to the combine axis fixation in the required height position, and are made with roller bearings on the free ends located perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the extension rods, and the overlap is made in the form of cylindrical cylinders of elastic material filled with fluid, while the cylindrical cylinders are connected to the compressor via pipelines with valves and sealed swivel connectors and hung on the roller bearings with the possibility of rotation during axial movement of the combine. 27 16 2/2/17 21 16 21 19 21 Fig. 1