SU1556597A1 - Method of treating fibrous substrate for growing hothouse plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for treating artificial soil substitutes based on mineral and organic fibers intended for hydroponic cultivation of vitamin-vegetable and ornamental plants in greenhouses. The purpose of the invention is to improve the water-physical properties of the substrate and increase the intensity of growth and bloom of plants. The substrate is treated with a hydrophilizing additive, which uses a 0.1-0.5% aqueous solution of a mixture of dialkylphenol ether of polyethylene glycol, oxalic and succinic acids, taken in a ratio of 100: / 20-70 /: / 1-6 / respectively . Moreover, the substrate is treated with a hydrophilizing additive until it is completely wetted. As a result of this treatment, the capillary absorption of the fibers of the substrate is improved and the supply of nutrients to the root system is improved. Seed germination increases, plant productivity increases by 15-80% and the biological value of plants. 5 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural products, in particular to methods for treating artificial soil substitutes based on mineral and organic fiber fibers, intended for hydroponic cultivation of vitamin-vegetable and ornamental plants in green conditions.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the water-physical properties of the substrate and

increase the intensity of growth and bloom of plants.

Example. Before planting the plants, fibrous substrates are treated with a hydrophilizing additive. A 0.1-0.5% aqueous solution of a mixture of dialkylphenol ether of polyethylene glycol, oxalic and succinic acids, taken in a ratio of 100: (20-70) :( 1-6), is used as a hydrophilizing additive, respectively,

94.5 4.0

1.5

92.0 2.0 1, L 4.5

32.0 63.0

in the amount of 5-25 g of dry mix per 1 m2 of the substrate surface. The substrate is treated with a hydrophilizing additive until it is completely wetted.

Samples of fibrous substrates have the following composition, wt.%:

Imineral fiber (SiO, j 40.5; 13, h;, 6.5, CaO 30.5; MgO 0Э0, etc.) Phenolic binder Alkylaryl poly (glycol ether)

II Pyroxene porphyry fiber Phenolic binder Polyacrylamide Natural zeolite

IIIBasalt Superfine Polyacrylonitrile Fiber

Natural latex

rubber5.0

Dill, tomatoes, and cloves were chosen as the vitamin-vegetable plants.

Growing plants on fibrous substrates is carried out with natural light, air humidity 70-80%, temperature 22-25 ° C. Dill and tomato seeds are sown in blocks of 100 x 100 x 80 mm, 16 seeds each. After sprouting the seedlings, 4 plants are left in each block. Seedlings of carnations are planted on plates of the substrate with a size of 500 x 1000 x 80 mm. A common cultivation agrotechnology is applied, including watering plants, periodic fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. The experiment was repeated ten times, the duration of the experiment was 4, 8, 12 days for the germination of dill seeds, 30 days for determining the productivity of dill, 6 months. for the productivity of tomatoes and cloves.

I

In tab. 1 shows the composition of water

substrate treatment solutions.

In tab. 2 shows the water-air characteristics of substrates using known and proposed processing methods.

In tab. 3 shows the agrochemical characteristics of the substrates after one month of operation.

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

From the data table. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the fibrous substrates obtained by the proposed method of treatment (compounds 1-6) after the month of operation retain their moisture absorption and agrochemical characteristics at the same level. Processing the finished substrates with the proposed solution increases the content of ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphorus, which leads to stabilization of the mobility of nutrients in the substrate, increases their availability to plants and reduces periodic toxicity.

The introduction of a hydrophilizing additive of this composition into the substrate helps to balance the level of biogenic nutrients, which allows to significantly increase the productivity of plants by 15-80% and improve the supply of macro- and microelements to them with additional fertilizers (Tables 4 and 5).

Thus, the productivity of tomatoes and dill on prototypes treated with the proposed solution is 15–70% and 30–80% higher than the productivity of plants on control materials and known, respectively.

Processing fibrous substrates of oxalic and succinic acids, which are part of the Krebs cycle and are actively involved in photosynthesis and plant respiration, leads to an increase in the content of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and carotene in dill and tomato plants (Tables 4 and 5). At the same time, the level of dry matter in tomatoes significantly increases, which ensures an increase in the taste and biological value of fruits. In addition, the introduction of organic acids in the fibrous substrate at optimal doses improves the germination of dill seeds by 25–40% compared with control samples, as well as enhances growth processes.

Thus, the application of the proposed method of treating fibrous substrates allows to provide high agrophysical and agrochemical properties that increase the intensity of plant growth during the initial growing season and the productivity of their bloom.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of treating a fibrous substrate for growing greenhouse plants, including the introduction of an additive into the substrate by means of a hydrophilicizer, characterized in that, in order to improve the water-physical properties of the substrate and increase the intensity of growth and flowering of plants, The RP of the hydrophilisation supplement uses a 0.1–0.5% aqueous solution of HMR – s of dialkylphenol ether of polyethylene glycol, oxalic and succinic acids, taken in a ratio of 100: (20-70) :( 1-6), respectively, and the substrate is treated with a hydrophilizing additive until it is completely wetted. T In l and c and 1 famous I offerable II Offerable III Original one 2 3 four five 6 7 eight 9 10 source one 2 3 four five 6 7 eight 9 10 71 70 74 66 71 72 63 73 62 65 65 78 65 71 63 69 71 62 69 60 73 63 74 Note. The composition of the treatment solution according to the table. one. Table 7 9 21 18 nineteen 20 17 20 18 21 nineteen 22 eight 20 sixteen 18 20 sixteen nineteen 17 nineteen 18 21 12 16 31 29 30 29 28 30 27 31 29 33 14 30 27 28 27 26 29 25 29 27 30 38 41 62 B5 58 60 53 61 52 64 53 67 38 61 52 56 59 51 60 51 62 52 64 nineteen 22 58 53 54 58 58 63 38 73 37 31 25 54 50 51 56 56 61 33 78 37 38 Hoste mil I Ontrol Y1MY Alone II Source 1 2 3 / I 5 6 7 8 9 And) , 9, 9 , one , 0, 6, 6 , R, 5 , 2, 4, 6, 6 2.0 3.5 53 9.8 3754 296 3.5 ten ten 17.5 15 15 IS 3.5 4.5 B 2.0 h, 5 five B 7, b 1U ten 7 3.5 3.5 H, b 2.5 59 40 97 120 125 111) 105 58 67 S 47 16.0 2103 21.5 2731 2i, 2 2851 28.02897 26.1ЗИП 23,9 3156 21.8 708 13.72496 10.82373 14.5 2519 12.3 2568 31 403 415 427 463 408 403 293 346 307 315 , 8 3754 296 , 0 2103 1.5 2731, 2 2851 .02897 6.1ЗИП 3,9 3156 1,8 708 3.72496 0.82373 4.5 2519 2.3 2568 31 403 415 427 463 408 403 293 346 307 315 450 200 250 200 200 250 200 200 450 250 300 250 400 650 700 600 550 450 600 450 550 700 650 300 50 40 40 30 20 70 25 30 35 45 50 40 53.8 50.1 24.1 20.2 13.0 14.5 15.8 20.7 31.3 37.9 40.1 42.3 Table Compiled by L. Belikova Editor M. Nedoluzhenko Tehred M. Khodich Corrector O. Tsiple Order 670 Circulation 468 VNIIL of the State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee for Science and Technology of the USSR 4/5, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 113035 Production and publishing plant Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Gagarin, 101 1556597 10 Table 5 Subscription