SU1286748A1 - Apparatus for automatic control of roller-bit drilling process - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of automation of process control in quarries. In order to improve the quality of control, the device is equipped with a block 2 of computa- the energy intensity of the destruction of the rock, to the inputs of which signals of the feed rate (SP) of the drill rod and signals proportional to the rod and voltage, el. the rotator drive motor (SW) 10. The calculated power consumption is recorded on the indicator 1. The SP signals and the rotation speed (SV) signals are set by the sensor 3 and compared in block 4 compared with the output signal from the adder 5. drilling of a drilling machine from blocks 7 and 8 of its protection against oscillations in horizontal and vertical planes. The mismatch signal from block 4 simultaneously and proportionally decreases the SP and CB, respectively, of the feed drive II and the ST 10. This prevents the development of machine vibrations and keeps the cone deepening into the rock. The process is conducted with minimal energy consumption. In the event of dynamic loads, block 9 from the protection of the drill rod against transverse oscillations signals are given to reduce the ST. When the load on the PV 10 increases, a signal proportional to the motor current through the load cut-off block 12 reduces the SP. 1 il. about 00 00 (SS 4

Description

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The invention relates to the automation of production processes in quarries, namely, devices for controlling drilling machines.

The chain of the invention is to improve the quality of control of the drilling process.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the device.

The device includes an indicator 1, a block 2 for calculating the energy intensity of rock destruction, a setter 3 of feed and rotation speeds, a block 4 of comparison, an adder 5, an amplifier 6 with an adjustable transmission coefficient, a block of protection of a drilling machine against oscillations in the horizontal plane, a block of 8 protection of a drilling machine from oscillations in the vertical plane, block 9 - protection of the drilling rig from transverse oscillations, following drive

10 converters, follower feed drive 11, cut-off forming unit 12

on load.

The output of the drill rod protection block 9 from transverse oscillations is connected to the input of the follower drive 10 of the rotator, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the block 2 for calculating the energy intensity of rock destruction and the input of the load cutoff block 12, the output of which is connected to the follower drive input

11 feeds, the other entrance of which is inside A variable gain amplifier 6 is connected to a second input of a rotary follower drive 10, a second output of which is connected to a second input of a rock crushing energy consumption unit 2 whose output is connected to an indicator input 1, and a third input connected to a follower output of a follower feed 11 The output of the drilling machine protection unit 7 against horizontal oscillations is connected to the input of the adder 5, the second input of which is connected to the output of the drilling machine protection unit 8 against oscillations in the vertical flat plane spine, and the output is coupled

With the second input of the comparator unit 4, the first input of which is connected to the sensor 3 of the feed and rotation speeds, the output is connected to the input of amplification 6 with an adjustable transmission coefficient.

The device operates as follows.

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After completing the auxiliary work prior to drilling, the maximum speeds of the following drives 10 and feed 11 are set, for which the maximum gain coefficient of the amplifier 6 and the signal at the output of the setter 3 are set. However, the ratio of the feed and rotation speeds in this case for KOKKpeTr bit may not correspond, optimal in terms of the energy intensity of the destruction of rock, rock, the value of which is controlled by the dictator 1. The choice of the optimal ratio of feed and rotation speeds is made t reducing the gain of the amplifier 6 (decreasing speed), the transmission ratio decreases as long as the indications of the indicator 1 will not be minimal, that corresponds to the minimum energy consumption fracture the rock, i.e. maximum deepening of the tooth of the roller cutter, in the breed. Due to this, the power of the rotator drive is maximally spent on the destruction of the rock.

The energy intensity of rock destruction is calculated by block 2, to the inputs of which signals are proportional to the current and voltage of the rotator drive motor, as well as the feed rates of the drill rod. In block 2, the signals proportional to current and voltage are multiplied together, resulting in a signal proportional to the power required to destroy the rock. A signal proportional to power is then divided by a signal proportional to the feed rate. As a result, the signal arriving at indicator 1 is proportional to the energy intensity of the destruction of the rock.

The current, voltage, and feed-in-rate sensors in the composition of the respective follow-up drives form in them the current control loops (in the hydraulic drive — pressure) and speed.

If the rotator is equipped with a servo hydraulic actuator, then to calculate the power required to destroy the rock, it is necessary to use signals proportional to the pressure and performance of the hydraulic pump.

Blocks 7 and 8 send drilling rig from fluctuations in the horizontal and

The vertical plane, as well as the block 9 for protecting the drill rod against shear vibrations, have the same structure and consist of a series-connected oscillator sensor, rectifier and amplifier with adjustable dead band in the zero area (not shown). As oscillation sensors, usually, magnetoelectric devices are used, for example, seismic receivers, the amplitude of the output signal of which is proportional to the product of the amplitude of the vibration displacement of the drilling machine or the drill rod and the oscillation frequency. Therefore, when a drilling machine vibrates with a small amplitude and a high frequency, the signal at the sensor output will be the same as with vibrations with a large amplitude and low frequency, while the protection against vibrations must respond to the amplitude of oscillations (vibration displacement). Integrators connected to the output of the sensors eliminate the dependence of their output signals on the frequency, i.e. allow you to receive a signal proportional to the amplitude of the vibrations. The outputs of the integrators are rectified by rectifiers and are fed to the input of an amplifier with an adjustable deadband in the region of zero. By changing the dead zone, it is possible to regulate the threshold for triggering the protection by vibration. Thus, if, during the drilling of a vibration, the drilling machine in one plane or in both immediately reaches

At the inputs of the adder 5, signals appear that are summed, and then the output signal of the adder in block 4 is subtracted from the value of the setpoint 3 signal. This leads to a simultaneous and proportional decrease in the feed and rotation speeds, on the one hand, it prevents the development of vibrations of the burstanka, and, on the other hand, keeps the grooved tooth in the rock at the same level allows you to carry out the drilling process with a minimum energy intensity of the destruction of the rock. If the load on the rotator drive increases, then the signal taken from the current sensor entering the next rotator drive will act through

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The load cut-off unit 12 reduces the feed rate, which eliminates the overload of the rotator drive by reducing the depth of insertion of the tooth of the cone, i.e. due to the deviation of the drilling process from the mode

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The lateral oscillations of the drill rod are not transmitted to the platform of the drilling machine, however, they contribute to the occurrence of large dynamic loads in the drive gear of the rotator and hydraulic actuator. In this connection, the transverse oscillation sensor of the drill rod; The unit of protection of the drill rod against transverse oscillations entering block 9 should be installed on a rotator drive gearbox or hydropatron. The output of block 9, acting on the second input of the follower drive 10 of the rotator, reduces its rotational speed. This increases the pressure to press the bit to the bottom, which contributes to the cessation of transverse oscillations of the drill rod. After the elimination of oscillations, the rotational speed automatically increases to the set one.

If sensors that measure vibration displacement are used as vibration sensors, then integrators from blocks 7, 8 and 9 are excluded.

As the setting device 3, a potentiometer or a selsyn control unit is used, the output of which is fed to the input of the comparison unit 4 through a rectifier. As a comparison unit 4, an operational amplifier with two inputs is used.

As a unit 2 for calculating the energy intensity of rock destruction in the device, a K525PS1 or K425PS2 microcircuit is used, which provides for the multiplication of two signals and the division of the resulting product by the third signal.

As an amplifier with a variable gain, an operational amplifier with adjustable resistance in the feedback circuit is used. By changing the position of the resistance ram, the gain of the amplifier is adjusted from zero to some maximum value.

The load cut-off unit 12 is an amplifier with an adjustable deadband in the zero region.

Claims (1)

The device allows the drilling machine to vibrate at a predetermined level and set the load of the rotator drives and feed, select the depth of introduction of the cone tooth into the rock, based on the minimum energy intensity of mountain rock destruction, which significantly improves the quality of control of the drilling process. Invention Formula A device for automatic control of a roller drilling process, comprising a feed and rotation speed adjuster, connected to the first input of the comparator unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the following feed drive, followed by a rotator drive, characterized in that equipped with an indicator, a unit for calculating the energy intensity of rock destruction, an adder, an amplifier with an adjustable transmission coefficient, a load cut-off unit, and a drill station protection unit Islands of transverse oscillations, security block of the drilling rig cola 867486 gangway in the horizontal plane, the drilling rig protection unit from oscillations in vertical ploost, with the entry of the drilling rig protection unit 5, from transverse oscillations, is connected to the first input of a rotary drive follower, the first output of which is simultaneously connected to the first input of the rock depletion energy consumption unit and through the load cutoff forming unit to the second input of the next feed drive, the second output is connected to the second the input of the calculator 5 the energy intensity of the destruction of the rock, whose drive is connected to nn the third input is connected to the output of the follower feed drive, the first input of which is connected to the second input of the rotary follower drive through an amplifier with an adjustable transmission ratio, and the first and second inputs of the adder are connected respectively to the rig protection unit from horizontal oscillations plane and the unit of protection of the drilling machine from fluctuations in the vertical plane, and the output is connected to the second input of the unit of comparison.