SU1035100A1 - Method for producing steamed flaxen stock - Google Patents

Abstract

METHOD OF HANDLING EXTENDING THE WELF LONG C1N, including a flax straw flap in water in an autoclave, discharging at 2 ° C with a tip with pressure of 2.3-2.7 atm, and then at a pressure of 1 |, 0 atm periocession pressure and 2.3-2.7 atm. eh osolomy vos and otmochku, on. tl and h and rest to and with. By the fact that, in order to increase the yield and number of the fiber obtained from flax crack, drain the water of the 1EGG pulses into the upper part of the autoclave of the high-pressure steam under the pressure of ifS-2 atm, and shake it at a pressure of 2.3-2.7 atm 5-15 min. Pressure of 1.0-2.0 atm 150-EOO VN1

Description

The invention relates to the technology of primary processing of labial crops, namely to the chemical technology of processing flax straw into a trust for the subsequent separation of flax fiber from it.

A known method of producing parenteral flax seed, including flax straw closure in COLD water at 15–20 s under a hydraulic pressure of 1.5–2.0 atm for 30 min, blowing it with saturated steam in an autoclave for 20–25 min, steaming with saturated steam under pressure 2-2.5 atm for .4060 NMH and soaking in hot water at b5-75s 13.

The disadvantages of this method are the deep destruction of cellulose fiber, the increased content of non-cellulose components in the fiber (lignin, pectins, proteins), which results in very coarse and brittle fibers.

There is also known a method of producing parietal flax seed, which includes flax straw closure under a hydraulic pressure of 1.5-2.0 atm, first for 60 minutes in cold water, and then for 30 minutes in water with a temperature of 30-35 0, blowing the autoclave with saturated steam for 30 minutes steaming flax saline for 75-90 minutes at a pressure of up to 2.5 atm with simultaneous periodic irrigation with water for 1.5-2 minutes and soaking in cold water for 30 minutes. Dropping straw with water during steaming allows hydrolysis of fiber components under milder conditions. However, the degree of destruction of cellulose is reduced 2.

The disadvantage of the method is the content of non-cellulose components, which reduces the number and spinning ability of the fiber.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a method for producing green leaf flax with a flap, which includes a flax straw closure in water in an autoclave, draining water, blowing the autoclave with saturated steam to warm the straw and removing air from it, steaming the flax flake with periodic steam, periodically 10 minutes, irrigation with water for 1.5 minutes, first under a pressure of 2.3-2, atm for 25-30 minutes, and then under a pressure of 1.0-2.0 atm for 60-70 minutes, followed by steeping .

However, the known method is characterized by the occurrence of side processes that degrade the quality of the trusts and the water obtained from it.

lokna. In particular, the oxidation processes proceed by flushing the autoclave with steam. Hexosans of the stem are oxidized with oxygen of residual air to form pectin-like substances, polyuronic acids. As a result, the content of adhesive components, pectins, is increased by one third. In the first 30 minutes of steaming at a pressure

0 2.3-2.7 atm in the forehead of the stem, the content of ligno-like substances increases sharply. This phenomenon is caused by the condensation of low molecular weight phenolic compounds of the fl5 bofen type, as well as by the migration of labile fragments of lignin from the tree part of the stem to the labial. Condensation transformations of phenol flax compounds to intensification with increasing steaming temperature. In addition, the nature of the fiber structure changes significantly, namely, the crystallinity increases by 6-7%, crystallites are rentimated by 2, the energy of intermolecular interactions decreases. This leads to a decrease in the quality and spinning ability of the fiber. The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield and number of fiber produced from flax by reducing the content of non-cellulose components (lignin, pectin, proteins, etc.) in the fiber and improving its physical and chemical structure.

This goal is achieved according to the method of obtaining parenceral flax seed, including flax straw in the water in an autoclave, drain

0 water, steaming with saturated steam, first at a pressure of .3-2.7 atm, and then at a pressure of 1.0-2.0 atm, with occasional irrigation of flax straw with water and soaking, the water is drained by supplying high-grade steam into the upper part of the autoclave pressure of 1.5-2 atm, and steaming is carried out at a pressure of 2.3-2.7 atm 5–15 min and at a pressure of 1.0–2.0 atm

0 150-300 min.

Under the conditions of the proposed method, the fiber structure is improved: the crystallinity and the angle of misorientation change insignificantly.

The energy of intermolecular interactions increases due to an increase in the concentration of hydrogen bonds, and the content of ligno-like and pectic substances also decreases.

0 Gnoco6 steaming flax from scrap is carried out on existing equipment. Flax straw flap is held in cold water at a hydraulic pressure of 1.4-2.0 atm.

5 for 60 minutes and in water at 30 for 30 minutes. After the lock, water is drained from the autoclave by squeezing it out with saturated steam under a pressure of 1.5-2 atm, which is fed to the upper part of the autoclave. At the same time, air is prevented from entering the autoclave and the OKHCjfeHHe polycarbohydrates of the stem are eliminated to form polyuronic acids. As a result, the content of pectin substances in the trust and the fiber decreases, which leads to an improvement in the separation of the trusts, an increase in the yield and a nanometer of the long fiber. Then the vapor pressure in the autoclave is raised to 2.3-2.7 atm and steamed in flax salt for 5-15 min During this time, organic acids are formed inside the stems, which accelerate the hydrolysis of non-cellular components. Reducing the time of the first steaming stage helps to reduce the crystallinity of the fiber structure, reduce the cross-sectional size of crystallites, preserve intermolecular hydrogen bonds, reduce the content of lignin and lin-like substances. This causes a long fiber number. . To achieve the required degree of hydrolysis of non-cellulosic components, steaming is continued under reduced pressure t-2, O atm for 150-300 minutes with simultaneous irrigation with flax-salt every 10 minutes from the start of chipping in the flow. Infusion 1.5-2 min. This leads to a decrease in the content of pectins and proteins in the trust and fiber. As a result, the separation of fiber from wood is improved, the yield and number of long fiber is increased. After steaming, flaxseed is soaked. Marking is carried out in cold water for 30 minutes. When soaking flax plants, partial dissolution of the products of hydrolysis of the components of the stem occurs, the acidity inside the stems decreases, and the humidity of the trusts increases to 300%. In flax fiber obtained from flax seed by the proposed method in comparison with the method of the prototype, the amount of pectins is reduced by 0.85%, lignin -; NaO, 42, proteins - by 0.7%, and soda: the neighing of hemicellulose is increased by 0.5 % The cellulose content is increased by 1%, while the degree of its destruction decreases, the specific viscosity rises from 1.67% to 2.15%. The structure of flax fiber is improved: the degree of crystallinity and the size of crystallites decreases slightly, the incidence angle decreases by 0.4, and the energy of hydrogen bonds of fiber increases significantly (by 36 relative units). To determine: the effect of pair: meters of process The following tests are carried out to obtain the quality of the obtained fiber on the quality of the obtained fiber. The flax salt is loaded into an autoclave and sprayed in cold water at a hydraulic pressure of 1.8 atm for 60 minutes and then in water for 30 m n. Water from the autoclave is drained when saturated steam is supplied to the upper part of the autoclave (according to examples 1 to 2 - under a pressure of 1.5 atm, and examples 3 and 4 - 2.0 atm. Table 1 presents the mode by which pressure is applied in In the second stage, in all the examples, the steaming was carried out with flax salt irrigation with water for 1.52, 0 minutes every 10 minutes, finally, soaking in cold water for 30 minutes. Table 2 shows the characteristics of the chemical composition and structure obtained from flax fiber, and that its physical and mechanical properties. The proposed method allows to increase the length of long fiber by 0.79% and the quality of long fiber (average number) by 1.2 Hc iepc |, reduce the content of non-cellulose components in the fiber, improve the structure of the fiber, reduce the degree of destruction cellulose and increase yohod and fiber.

Example

Steaming mode

Vapor pressure, atm

Table 1

Duration, min

Chemical composition,% by weight of dry fiber

72.0 4.90

oea 3,46 3,42

Specific viscosity 0, {1% minuscule solution1,672.15 celloLose Structures Parameters of the degree of crystallinity, I Transverse size of crystallites, jf Misorientation angle, f Integral ntentenno, saturation of LJ-groups in the area of MOOEOO, see

Table 2, 15 2.08 72.8 73.7 38.6 39.4 8.81 8.91

It characterizes the energy of coupling bonds in the fiber.

.SH odeluenie tael. 2

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PARENT FLAX TREASURES, including hatching flax straw in water in an autoclave, draining water, steaming with saturated steam first at a pressure of 2.3-2.7 atm, and then at a pressure of 1.0-2.0 atm with periodic flax straw irrigation with a bucket and soaking, about t and h and lost and st. I mean that, in order to increase the yield and number of fiber obtained from flax, water is drained by supplying saturated steam to the top of the autoclave at a pressure of 1.5-2 atm, and steaming is carried out at a pressure of 2.3-2.7 atm 5- 15 min and at a pressure of 1.0-2.0 atm 150-300 min. 3>