SU1084444A1 - Apparatus for controlling reversible work-performing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Reversing device for controlling the actuator mechanism comprising a cylinder and a reversing slide valve mechanism varying amplitude reverse, center shift mechanism reversing and throttle valve, characterized in that, in order to reduce the device size and reduction of metal, the piston cylinder mechanism is provided with a further reversing rod , the end of which has a toothed rack connecting the reversing mechanism with the hydraulic throttle and the actuating mechanism the stubble of the cork valve of the spraying is the main fluid flow, and the other rod is hollow to interact with the shaft of the reversing center shift mechanism, the hydraulic cylinder piston being made on the outer surface with bores forming two converging inclined annular protrusions and a through hole along the axis of the piston with a groove, which is made at half the circumference of the internal diameter of the through hole with the coincidence of the beginning and end of the groove with the zones of maximum approach and divergence of the annular protrusions, and The screw has radial and axial drills that connect the surface of the piston between the annular protrusions from one of its end walls, the shaft of the reversing center shifting mechanism is made with a helical groove, which can interact with the groove on the inside diameter of the axial bore (L of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the reversing mechanism with a pin , pass through the longitudinal slit of the hollow part of the groove. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to provide the piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the reversing mechanism of simultaneous rotation and longitudinal displacement, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 00 is made with a longitudinal slot in the hollow N portion at the piston landing site. four

Description

I; 5; acquisitions are related to a hydrotuning, 4i; Bai; i) K) mining machines, namely, devices for the hydraulic control of an actuating element, for example a hydraulic monitor,

A hydromonitor control device is known for the destruction of rocks, including the system of spools, and nasosportsioner 1.

The drawback of the device is the presence of scattered units, which reduces the clarity of the entire device.

A device for controlling a reversing actuator is known, including a reversing mechanism with a hydraulic cylinder and a spool, a mechanism for changing the amplitude of the reverse, a reversing center shift mechanism, and a hydraulic throttle.

This device works on the principle of fluid displacement into the actuator and should contain the necessary amount of fluid in itself, which is the reason for its large size and high metal consumption.

In addition, the principle of displacing the volume of fluid into the actuator does not ensure the precise performance of its functions, since to ensure the maximum amplitude of the reverse of the actuator, the maximum displacement volume must be greater than the maximum volume of the actuator, i.e. devices of this type have low efficiency.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the size of the device and reduce metal consumption.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for controlling the reversing actuator, which includes a reversing mechanism with a hydraulic cylinder and a spool, a mechanism for changing the amplitude of the reverse, a shift center of the reversing center and a hydraulic throttle, the piston of the reversing mechanism hydraulic cylinder is equipped with an additional rod, the end of which has a toothed rack that connects reversing mechanism with hydrothrottle and actuator by means of gear cork valve controlling the main flow of liquid and the other rod is hollow to interact with the shaft of the reversing center shift mechanism, while the hydraulic cylinder piston is made on the outer surface with bores forming two descendents w, inclined annular protrusions and a through hole along the axis of the piston with a groove that is made on half a circle the internal diameter of the through hole with the coincidence of the beginning and end of the groove with the zones of maximum approach and divergence of the annular protrusions, and in the piston radial and axial drilling are made, which are connected between the annular protrusions from one of its end walls, the shaft of the reversing center shifting mechanism is made with a screw protuberance that can interact with the groove on the inside diameter of the axial bore of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the reversing mechanism with a pin through the longitudinal slot of the hollow stem.

In addition, to provide the piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the reversing mechanism of simultaneous rotation and longitudinal displacement, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder can be made with a longitudinal slot in the hollow portion at the site of the piston landing.

FIG. 1 shows the principal hydrokinematic scheme; in fig. 2 - device, general view; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. one; in fig. 6 - section G-Y in FIG. one; in fig. 7-13 - graphics of fluctuations of an executive link.

The device for controlling the reversing actuator (Fig. 1) consists of a cork valve I controlling the main fluid flow, a reversing mechanism 2, a reversing amplitude changing mechanism 3 and a reversing center shifting mechanism 4 mounted on the reversing mechanism hydraulic cylinder body and forming a separate device.

The unit for controlling the reversing actuator also includes such separate units as the control panel 5, the hydraulic throttle b and the actuating element 7.

The plug valve 1 for controlling the main fluid flow (Fig. 1) consists of a body 8 (Figs. 2 and 5) in which the sleeve 9 is located, and in the sleeve there is a plug 10 with gear 11 fixed on it.

The reversing mechanism 2 (Fig. 1) consists of the cylinder body 12 (Fig. 2) of the piston 13 inside it, in the center of which a double-sided rod 14 passes. In the case 13 there is a threaded hole in which there is a screw 16 and a connecting pin 15 In the middle part of the double-sided rod 14 there is a threaded hole in which a screw 17 is located.

Holes 18 and 19 are provided in the body of the hydraulic cylinder 12, which serve to supply fluid to the cavities 20 and 21, and also holes 22 and 23 are made, which serve for the hydraulic reversal of the two-position slide valve 24 located in the body 25, which is attached to the body of the hydraulic cylinder 12, and spring loaded 26. The spool 24 is connected by hydrolines 27-30 and non-return valves 31-33 with openings 18, 19, 22 and 23 of the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reversing mechanism. On the outer diameter of the piston 13, there are two inclined circular protrusions 34 and 35, which with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder body 12 form a cavity 36 connected to the cavity 21 by means of an opening 37, formed on the outer diameter of the piston 13 by projections 34 and 35, and an opening 38, made in the piston 13 from the side of the cavity 2.1 and connected to the hole 32. On the inner diameter of the piston 13 there is a groove 39 (FIGS. 2 and 3), made on half a circle and providing the possibility of rotation of the piston 13 by 180 ° when the amplitude of the reversal is changed. The right part of the piston 13 has a cylindrical extension 40, on which the gear wheel 41 is fixed. The double-sided rod 14 is made with a rack 42 on the left end and hollow on the right. At the landing site of the piston 13, the rod 14 has a longitudinal groove 43, in which the connecting pin 15 mixes with the longitudinal movement of the piston 13. In the center of the rod 14, an opening 59 is made from the hollow end side. The mechanism 3 for changing the reverse amplitude (Fig. 1) consists of a hydraulic cylinder body 44 (FIGS. 2 and 4) mounted on a common housing 45 of the mechanism for changing the amplitude of the reversal and shift of the center of reversal and having two pistons 46 connected by a lath 47 engaging with the gear wheel 41, ensuring its rotation by 180 ° together e with a differential 13. The reversing center shift mechanism 4 (fig. 1) consists of a hydraulic cylinder body 48 (figs. 2 and 6) mounted on a common case 45 of the mechanisms for changing the reverse amplitude and the reversal center shift having pistons 49 connected by a rail 50, the entrance of the neck into engagement with the gear wheel 51, mounted on the shaft 52 with the help of the key 53 and the bolt 54 with the washer 55, ensuring its rotation one turn. The shaft 52 in the left part has a screw groove 56, which interacts with the connecting pin 15 when the shaft 52 rotates. The shaft 52 ends with a neck 57 With an annular groove 58 entering the hole 59 of the rod 14 and cooperating with the screw stop 17 when the shaft rotates. The common body 45 of the mechanisms for changing the amplitude of the reversal and the shift of the centers of the reversal is closed by the lid 60, forming a closed cavity 61 in which the lubricant is located. The casing 8 of the plug valve 1, the case of the hydraulic cylinder 12 of the reversing mechanism and the general case 45 of the mechanisms for changing the amplitude of the reversing and shifting the center of the reversal are fastened between themselves, forming a device for controlling the reversing actuator. The device works as follows. When the hydroreverse spool 24 is in position I (Fig. 2), the fluid flows from the HI hydraulic line and then through the hydraulic line 27 to the hole 18 and the cylinder 20 cavity of the reverse mechanism, moving the piston 13 to the right until the protrusion 35 blocks the hole 23 and the fluid from the cavity 21 through the hydroline 30 will go under the end of the spool 24, overcoming the force of the spring 26 will switch it to the position P. Expelling the displaced fluid through the check valve 33 will flow into the discharge line HI. In position II of the spool, the liquid from the HI pumping line through the hydraulic line 29 through the check valve 31 and the opening 19 enters the cavity 21, as well as into the cavity 36 through the holes 37 and 38. Under the pressure of the liquid, the piston 13 moves to the left. The fluid from the cavity 20 through the hydroline 27 is drained into the hydroline C1. Porsch 13 will move until bore 22 communicates with cavity 36 and fluid from cavity 21 through openings 37, 38, 22 of hydroline 28, check valve 32 enters the spool, balancing the pressure from the pressure of fluid from cavity 21 coming through the hydroline 30, and by the spring 26, the spool 24 will switch to position 1 and the reverse cycle will be repeated. The right-to-left piston 13 travels together with the rod 14 and shaft 52, interconnected by means of a connecting pin 15, screws 16 and 17, and together with gear wheels 41 and 51 which engage with rails 47 and 50 of hydraulic cylinder bodies. 44 and 48 of the mechanism for changing the amplitude of the reversal and the mechanism for shifting the center of the reversal. The reversing stroke of the piston 13, together with the rod 14, at the left end of which there is a rail 42, the shaft engages with the gear 11, causes it to turn together with the plug 10 relative to the sleeve 9. When the piston 13 moves to the right, the plug 10 rotates from the vertical position to the position I (Fig. 2) and occupies position II when shifting the gap 13, to the left. The stroke of the piston 13 is proportional to the opening of the discharge hydroline H2 and the hydroline drain C2 of the main flow control valve, alternately connected to the hydraulic lines Ts1 and Ts2 of the executive link 7 (Fig. 1). According to the operating conditions of the proposed device, when using it as an automatic device, controlling the barrel of a 12GP-2 self-propelled hydraulic monitor during operation, it is necessary to influence the nature of the harmonic oscillations (Fig. 7), change the frequency (Fig. 8 and 9), and implement the command "Fast and "Slowly, amplitude (Fig. 10 and 11), implement the" Wider, and "Already and shift the center of oscillations (Fig. 12 and 13) executive link, implement the" Right and "Left commands. The proposed device provides for changing the oscillation parameters of each separately and all together in different directions and combinations. The speed of oscillation depends on the time of reversal, i.e. from the time of filling the cavities 20 or 21 with a fluid, which is regulated by a hydraulically controlled hydraulic throttle 6 (Fig. 1), which implements the opening of the HI hydroline of the control flow of the Slow or Fast command from the control panel 5. The amplitude of oscillations depends on the stroke of the piston 13 (Fig. 2) from right to left, i.e. when its protrusion 35 is in the position that closes the opening 23, to the position when the protrusion 34 will go through the opening 22 and begin to open it, connecting to the cavity 21 through the openings 37 and 38, or left-to-right, with the holes in the backward side sequences. This stroke is controlled by the position of the protrusions 34 and 35 relative to the holes 22 and 23, which is carried out by turning the piston 13 relative to its longitudinal axis, which simultaneously displaces the position of the extracts 34 and 35 relative to the holes 22 and 23. The rotation of the piston 13 is carried out by turning the gear wheel 41 mounted on the elongated end 40 of the piston 13 and meshed with the rail 47 connecting the shaft 46 of the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 44 of the mechanism for changing the amplitude of oscillations. When the fluid is supplied to the left cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body 44 (Fig. 4), Porsch 13 (Fig. 3) rotates counterclockwise until the pin 15 stops against the left end of the groove 39, and when the fluid flows to the right cavity, the clockwise piston turns the arrow until the pin 15 stops against the right end of the groove 39 b. The point a of the groove 39 coincides with the zone of their maximum divergence. By installing different zones 45 of the protrusions 34 and 35 (Fig. 2) relative to the openings 22 and 23 of the cylinder body 12, changes in the amplitude-reversal of P-13 and the corresponding executive level are achieved. 7 (Fig. 1). The control of the amplitude of the collisions of 50 Baan is carried out from the console 5 (Fig. I) of the control, realizing the supply of fluid to the left or right under the pistons 46 (Fig. 4) of the Wider or Already. According to the condition of work, the center of oscillation of the executive link can be shifted from its constructive middle. The shift of the reversal center is dried by a shear mechanism and consists in displacing the piston 13 relative to the rod 14 along the axis of the rod to the right or left of the middle position (see Fig. 2). The shift is carried out by turning the shaft 52 with the help of the rail 50, which engages with the gear wheel 51 and ensures its rotation one turn. The shaft 52, turning, interacts with a screw groove 56 with a connecting pin 15 and an annular groove 58 with the stop of the screw 17, which provides rotational movement of the shaft 52 relative to the stem 14. When the shaft 52 rotates, the connecting pin 15, moving with the screw groove 56, moves along the longitudinal groove 43, displacing the bristle 14 along the axis of the slider 14. 13. When fluid is introduced (FIG. 6) into the right or left cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body 48, the rail 50 is shifted. „„.. „..“. . ... „„ .. “„. “„ „,.,.“ „„ „To the right or left, turning the gear wheel 51 clockwise or counterclockwise, and accordingly displacing the piston 13 to the right or left (Fig. 2) of the relative average position. The control of the center of oscillations is controlled from the console 5 (Fig. 1) of the control, realizing by supplying fluid to the left or to the right under the wheels 49 (Fig. 6) of the "Right or Left" command (Fig. 1). The proposed design of the mechanisms for changing the amplitude of the reverse and shift of the center of reversal provides two independent displacements of the shaft 13 relative to the shaft 14 of the reversing mechanism: longitudinal displacement and twist. The proposed device for controlling the reversing actuator is structurally simpler than that of the prototype, which increases its operational reliability, improves maintainability and ensures the accurate execution of control functions of the actuating element. The proposed device has a mass of 6.5 kg, i.e. reduced metal capacitance of the device and size.

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Claims (2)

1. DEVICE FOR CONTROL OF A REVERSE EXECUTIVE MECHANISM, including a reverse mechanism with a hydraulic cylinder and a spool, a mechanism for changing the amplitude of the reverse, a shift mechanism of the reversal center and a hydraulic throttle, characterized in that, in order to reduce the dimensions of the device and reduce the metal consumption, the piston has a hydraulic cylinder with an additional reverse mechanism , the end of which has a gear rack connecting the reversing mechanism with a hydraulic throttle and an actuator by means of a gear a plug valve for controlling the main fluid flow, and the other rod is hollow for interaction with the shaft of the shift mechanism of the reversal center, while the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is made on the outer surface with bores forming two converging inclined annular protrusions, and a through hole along the piston axis with a groove, which is made on half the circumference of the inner diameter of the through hole with the coincidence of the beginning and end of the groove with zones of maximum convergence and divergence of the annular protrusions, and in the piston is made radial and axial drilling, which connect the piston surface between the annular protrusions with one of its end walls, the shaft of the shift mechanism of the reversing center is made with a screw groove with the possibility of interaction with the groove g on the inner diameter of the axial bore of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the reversing mechanism using a pin passing through longitudinal slot of the hollow part of the stem. 2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that, in order to provide the piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the reversing mechanism with the possibility of simultaneous rotation and longitudinal displacement, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder is made with a longitudinal slot in the hollow part at the place of piston landing. SU „„ 1084444