SK282289B6 - Adapted milk especially for nursing and its process for production - Google Patents

Abstract

Adapted milk, intended mainly for infant nutrition, is made on the basis of a mixture of animal milk, water, vegetable oils, maltodextrins, while it is fortified with preparations based on vitamins, minerals, including trace elements, or amino acids, which enables optimal intake and use of nutrition by infants. Adapted milk with the addition of a mixture of essential, semi-essential and assisting L-forms of amino acids is intended for premature and hypotrophic babies. Adapted milk is produced using UHT technology and aseptically packaged. It can also be dried by any of the known methods, while it is recommended to process the dried milk with redistilled water or water supplied by the milk manufacturer.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to adapted cow's, goat's, sheep's milk or mixtures thereof for infant formulas and to a method for producing the same.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

25.3g

27.3g

38.3g

3g g

5,092g mg

0.110 to 0.230 mg

1.5 mg

Up to now, adapted infant milk has been used mostly in the dried state. According to its purpose, it has a different composition, e.g. In our country, the most widely used infant milk contains about 100g:

fats protein lactose water calcium others. mineral, substances iron vitamin A vitamin B ₂

Sugars are supplemented with sucrose when diluted. The preparation has a high protein content.

Several adapted infant milk formulas in liquid or dried form are known. E.g. AO 261 186 discloses a method for producing adapted infant and infant formulas containing a useful bifidogenic microflora and an enzyme lysozyme.

AO 267 827 is concerned with the production of thickened milk with maltodextrin suitable for liquid nutrition, whilst whole milk or thickened milk is mixed with maltodextrin. This formula is unsuitable for infant formulas as it contains: v 1 Og of product: In the undiluted state in 100 ml of drink:

6.20 g milk fat 3.10 g milk fat 6.10 g protein 16.30 g carbohydrates

The product according to AO 267 827 has a high protein content.

The optimum protein / fat / sugar ratio cannot be achieved by any dilution.

An sour milk product according to GB-A-2 171 586 is known which contains in% by weight: milk fat 2.5 to 2.7; vegetable fat 0.8 to 1.0; lactose 2.0 to 2.2; maltodextrin 1.6 to 1.8; sucrose 3.3 to 3.5; water 40.0 to 41.0; bifidobacteria, / cells / 10 ⁸ to 10 ⁹ , proteins - according to balance. Accordingly, the acidic dairy product contains, by weight: 3.3-3.7% fat

6.9 to 7.5% sugars after recalculation to a water content of 40-41% 1, 8 to 2% of protein in 1 ml of 10 ⁸ to 11 bifidobacteria

3.05 g protein

8.15 g carbohydrates

Increasing the acidity of the product by adding bifidobacteria has not found practical application, as the advantages of this solution have not been confirmed.

The mixture has a relatively low fat content of max. 3.7 wt. and, conversely, an increased protein content of 1.8 to 2.20 wt. The fat blend used does not more precisely define the intake of high-skeletal fatty acids, but does not indicate their ratio (linoleic acid and linolenic acid). The protein concentration is not constant, but varies within the stated range, depending on the protein content of the basic product - milk. The upper limit is already a burden on the urea cycle and excretion of the kidneys of younger infants.

The composition of the sugars in the mixture is overcome. Sucrose is not suitable in the first months of life due to enzyme activity in the digestive tract and interaction in milk sugar fermentation, which has a negative effect on the physiological intestinal microflora. The low lactose content reduces the amount of metabolites belonging to the bifid factor.

A preparation for pregnant and nursing women is known according to EPA 0 183 305. The preparation contains a high content of proteins, minerals and vitamins, which is not acceptable for infant formulas. Needs for pregnant women and nursing mothers cannot be copied with the need for infants. The preparation could cause kidney disorders, changes in acid-base balance, impair the child's growth and development. The preparation has an unsatisfactory fat blend as well as a sugar blend.

The composition of GBA2 245 135 utilizes skimmed milk without milk fat, which is then enriched with vegetable oils or fats. The product is not suitable for infant formulas, it significantly changes the natural milk composition.

US Patent 3649295 addresses the composition of a humanized fat composition and a baby formula utilizing the composition. The composition of the fat mixture is limited:

up to 45% safflower oil - oleic oil 10 to 45% hardened beef (oil) 0 to 25% vegetable oil from the group: soybean, corn, peanut, sunflower, up to 35% of groups: coconut oil and palm kernel oil up to 2% soya lecithin

The fat blend does not at all contain milk fat, which is easily digestible and has a beneficial effect on the development, in particular, of the central nervous system in the early development of the human body.

On the contrary, it contains bovine fat, the digestibility of which is problematic for infants.

The protein source in the child formula of US patent 3649295 is composed of proteins obtained by electrodialysis and sugars are formed by lactose. The composition of proteins and sugars is overcome from today's level of infant nutrition. In the folding method of the protein source, e.g. native source components such as hormones, enzymes, and other biologically active agents. The sugar composition causes a disproportionate burden on the enzyme system in the intestinal mucosa of the infant.

A production method according to PV 38-92 is known, wherein ultrafiltration and diafiltration yield a protein concentrate. The result is a product with a high content mainly of proteins and sugars that are not suitable for infant formulas.

Some foreign companies produce dried breast milk substitutes, where the casein to whey protein ratio is adjusted to 40/60 by the addition of demineralized whey (5-30%).

The European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition recommends the following values for infants:

fluids (milk) 140 to 160 ml / kg / day protein 2.0 to 2.5 g / kg energy intake 400 to 440 kJ / kg protein percentage 8 to 10% fat 50 ± 5% sugars 40 ± 3%

These values represent the latest knowledge of world research.

A disadvantage of the products mentioned and known so far is that, by virtue of their composition, they are virtually difficult to meet these requirements, in particular because of their high protein and salt content.

SK 282289 Β6

The relatively high content of salts and proteins causes excretion of the kidneys.

A negative consequence of the higher content and composition of carbohydrates is the inadequate burden on the enzyme system in the intestinal mucosa (sucrose), as well as post-pradial blood glucose fluctuations. As noted, sucrose is not suitable for younger infants due to enzyme activity in the digestive tract and interaction in milk sugar fermentation, which has a negative effect on the physiological microflora.

Milk produced primarily in dried or thickened state is adapted, which favorably affects the shelf life of the product. On the contrary, during preparation many times the deterioration occurs due to incorrect procedure (dry weight), poor hygiene, poor quality drinking water, which in many regions does not meet basic hygiene requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These drawbacks are largely eliminated by adapted milk, especially for infant formulas and the method of manufacture of the present invention, which consists of a mixture of animal milk and water in which the milk to water ratio is adjusted such that the mixture contains 1.8 wt. of native proteins, which represents a dilution with water in wt. a water / milk ratio of 68/32 to 42/58%, with a preferred average value for quality milk according to standards of about 54/46%. It also contains 3.75 to 6 g of fats, mainly containing milk fat and vegetable oils, with a milk fat content of 2.0 to 2.8 g and a vegetable oil content of 1.05 to 2.5 g in a 100 ml mixture and the mixture comprises 6 to 12 wt. sugars, consisting mainly of lactose and maltodextrins, the lactose content being 3 to 9 wt. and the maltodextrins content is 2 to 6 wt. in the mixture. Preferably, the animal milk is milk of superior quality (Q) with nutritional values per 100 g approximately:

proteins3,3 g fats3,8 g sugars4,7 g with an energy content of about 272 kJ.

Preferably, one of the milk groups is cow's, goat's, sheep's milk, or mixtures thereof. The fat blend, whose weight ratio in the milk blend is 3.75 to 6%, consists mainly of milk fat and vegetable oils, with a milk fat content in the milk blend of about 2.0 to 2.8% and a vegetable oil content of 1.05. up to 2.5%. The fat blend may also be supplemented with other fats, e.g. fish oil, pork ointment and the like. Milk fat is easily digestible and contains cholesterol necessary for healthy development of the central nervous system (brain, spinal cord) in the early period of human development. The vegetable fat blend is preferably composed of a mixture of sunflower and low-rape rapeseed oil, which provides an optimal supply of high-skeletal fatty acids in the appropriate ratio of linoleic acid to linolenic acid, as well as natural vitamin E, vitamin A. Rape oil is characterized by a relatively stable fatty acid composition. Naturally, a mixture of vegetable oils in a specified amount can also be composed of other oils to provide the desired fatty acid ratio. However, a mixture of sunflower and rapeseed oil is also very economically advantageous. The mixture of animal and vegetable fats provides an analogous profile of fatty acids and cholesterol corresponding to breast milk. Fats have good absorbability, supplying several natural complex fat substances. Compared to known preparations, the content of short-chain saturated fatty acids has been reduced, and vice versa, the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids has increased.

The following table shows the proportion of fatty acids (%):

Ratio (%) human milk proposed solution

SFA / PUFA 0.30 0.32

SFA / UFA 45/55/49

SFA / MUFA / PUFA 45/40/15 49/36/15

Cholesterol approx. 15 to 20 mg / 100ml 12 to 18 mg / 100ml

SFA - saturated fatty acids UFA - unsaturated fatty acids MUFA - monounsaturated fatty acids PUFA - polyunsaturated fatty acids

The table shows a significant adaptation of the fat composition in the nutrition of the present invention to the values contained in breast milk, thereby improving the supply of essential fatty acids.

The design of the fat blend promotes the very useful and absorbable nutrients and minerals needed, especially calcium, and adds the necessary amounts of cholesterol, phospholipids and complex lipids.

The sugar mixture consists mainly of lactose and maltodextrins, the lactose content of the milk mixture being 3 to 9% by weight and the maltodextrins content of the milk mixture being 2 to 6%. The sugar mixture may also be supplemented with other sugars, such as e.g. maltose, trehalose, honey and the like, some of which have a stabilizing effect. Said mixture of sugars provides the necessary content of metabolites belonging to the bifld factor, is very digestible, helps to create its own intestinal microflora and stimulates enzyme activity and morphological changes in the intestinal tract, while minimizing the burden on the enzyme system.

Alternatively, the addition of essential, semi-essential and assisting L-forms of amino acids from 0.5 to 2 g per 100 ml milk mixture, in particular taurine 30 to 90 mg per 100 ml milk mixture, provides nutrition suitable for premature and hypotrophic children. Taurine improves fat absorption and is needed for brain development.

Fortification with vitamins, minerals and trace elements ensures a comprehensive need for a healthy baby.

The process of producing adapted milk according to the invention is very simple and therefore economically advantageous. It is based on a native product. The sample (Q) milk is diluted in the necessary proportion with quality drinking water (without pathogenic germs and with a specified mineral content), which meets hygiene standards for infant formulas. The protein, fat and sugar content is measured in each batch of input product and the necessary milk / water ratio is determined based on the protein content. This reduces the protein content to the desired value (1.1 to 1.8% by weight). They will then be enriched:

- vegetable oil or vegetable oil blend, milk fat and other fats up to the specified fat content of the mixture

- maltodextrin, lactose and other sugars up to a specified sugar content of the mixture

- fortification products containing:

SK 282289 Β6

1) vitamins

2) minerals

3) amino acids wherein, these are also dosed to a specified content, according to batch analysis.

Adapted milk is pasteurized, homogenized, cooled by known technologies. Can be aseptically packaged in min. 5 days shelf life for immediate direct use, or subsequently treated with the known ultra high temperature (UHT) technology and aseptically packaged to yield liquid shelf life adapted milk.

Adapted milk may also be dried or thickened by any of the known methods and subsequently packaged and shipped, whereby it is recommended to prepare the treated milk from redistilled water or water supplied by the milk producer. This will ensure the exact content of salts and minerals in the prepared nutrition.

The advantages of the adapted milk according to the invention are mainly:

- in optimal protein dosing, eliminating the need for an energy supply to the protein load (1.0 g of protein needs 145 kJ).

- vegetable oil or a mixture of vegetable oils (preferably sunflower and rapeseed), enriches the supply of essential fatty acids, natural vitamin E, vitamin A.

- maltodextrins do not burden the enzymatic system in the intestinal mucosa (sucrose), they reduce postprandial fluctuations in blood glucose

- a lower salt intake, together with a decrease in protein content, will reduce the excretion burden on the kidneys

- Native formula ensures preservation of all natural milk components (nucleoids, complex sugars, lipids, non-protein nitrogenous substances, natural vitamins and minerals, enzymes, hormones ...)

- easier dose preparation, simple calculation of the amount of food per day as well as nutritional coverage (by 150 ml / kg / day). The same concentration of each dose will eliminate the possibility of under and overdose, which many times occur in nutritional form in powder form

- saving of el. energy, material, working time in dairy kitchens of hospitals and other nursing homes

- water defects are excluded

The main advantage is the native composition of the mixture based on economically advantageous products and the simple production method, without the need for a special technological treatment of the protein source, is economically very advantageous compared to the known solutions.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1 g of Q quality cows' milk was diluted with drinking water complying with hygiene standards for infant formulas to a total volume of 100 ml to contain:

protein 1.55 g fats 1.79 g sugars 2.21 g and had an average energy content of 128 ± 4 kJ. Addition of: - fats up to 4,0 g% with vegetable oil (sunflower)

- sugars up to 6.7 to 7.0 g% with maltodextrin KSM50 increased the energy value by 165 ± 5 kJ. Fortification additions were then added

200 pg / 1 pg / 1 pg / 1 mg / l

300 pg / L

200 pg / L

100 pg / l

200 mg / l mg / l

500 pg / 10 0 <15 mg / 1 Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin K Vitamin C Thiamine Vitamin B 6 Folic Acid Calcium Zinc Copper Iron Osmolality <200 Mosmol / kg Water Mineral 265 mg / 100 ml to achieve average vitamins and Minerals per 1000 ml:

vitamin A vitamin D vitamin K vitamin C thiamine vitamin B 6 acid folic calcium zinc copper manganese magnesium iodine sodium potassium chlorides phosphorus iron calcium / phosphorus ratio = 1.61

522 Mg / ¹ 15:15 pg / l 88 Pg / 1 47.5 mg / 1 488 pg / i 388 Pg / 1 118 pg / i 726 mg / 1 4.6 mg / 1 594 pg /> 94 Pg / 1 56.4 mg 98 pg 235 mg 705 mg 446 mg 450 mg 0.2 <15.2 mg / L

Adapted milk thus prepared is very well received by infants. When administered, very good results were achieved in the health of the infants compared to other breast milk substitutes, with all the above mentioned benefits.

Example 2 g% of Q quality cows' milk was diluted with drinking water complying with hygiene standards for infant formulas to a total volume of 100 ml to contain:

protein 1.55g fats 1.79g sugars 2.21g and had an average energy content of 128 ± 4 kJ.

By supplying 1 g of essential, semi-essential and assisting L-forms of amino acids, in particular taurine 60 mg / l and adding:

- fats up to 4,20 g% vegetable oil (sunflower)

- sugars up to 8,5 to 9,0 g% by maltodextrin increased the energy value by 223 ± 5 kJ. Subsequently, fortification allowances were added:

Vitamin A 250 pg / L Vitamin D 10 (15) pg / liter Vitamin K 60 pg / L Vitamin C 50 mg / l thiamine 300 pg / L Vitamin B 6 200 pg / L sourly. Folic 200 pg / L calcium 300 mg / l

SK 282289 Β6

zinc 6 mg / l copper 500 gg / l iron 0 <15 mg / L osmolality <200 mosmol / kg water minerals 278mg / 100ml so that the average values of vitamins and Minerals per 1000 ml: Vitamin A 572 Vitamin D 10.15 Mg / l (15.15 gg / l) Vitamin K 88 pg / i Vitamin C 57.5 mg / 1 thiamine 488 gg / i Vitamin B 6 388 μ and Ί folic acid 218 Mg / 1 calcium 826 mg / 1 zinc 7.6 mg / 1 copper 594 Mg / 1 manganese 94 Mg / l magnesium 56.4 mg iodine 98 mg sodium 235 mg potassium 705 mg chlorides 446 mg phosphorus 450 mg iron 0.2 <15.2 mg / L calcium / phosphorus ratio = 1.83 The adapted milk according to Example 2 is particularly suitable for premature a hypotrophic children, with the mentioned

benefits.

Example 3 g% of goat's milk of Q quality was diluted with drinking water complying with hygiene standards for infant formulas to a total volume of 100 ml to contain:

protein 1,55 g fats 2.11 g sugars 2.16 g and had an average energy content of 139 ± 6 kj. Addition of: - fats up to 4.0 g% with vegetable oil - sugars up to 7.0 g% by maltodextrin K.SM 50 the energy value increased by 160 ± 5 kJ. Subsequently, fortification allowances were added: Vitamin A 150 g / l Vitamin D 10 gg / l Vitamin E 2 mg / l Vitamin K 50 gg / l Vitamin B 1 400 gg / l Vitamin B 6 400 gg / l vitamin B 12 3 Mg / l Vitamin C 35 mg / l biotin 45 gg / l pantothenic acid 4 mg / l niacin 6 mg / l taurine 50 mg / l L-carnitine 12 mg / l calcium 200 mg / l zinc 4 mg / l copper 500 gg / l iodine 50 gg / l iron 15 mg / l molybdenum 60 gg / l chrome 50 gg / l selenium 15 gg / l fluoro 500 gg / l osmolality <220 mosmol / kg water minerals 289 mg / 100 ml

In addition to the advantages mentioned in adapted cow's milk, the benefits of adapted goat's milk consist mainly in:

- different protein composition, including casein

- easier fat digestibility

- less harmful substances that sometimes cause cow's milk intolerance

For these reasons, adapted goat's milk is particularly suitable after gastrointestinal surgery and for reduced allergenic potential in cow's milk intolerance.

EXAMPLE 4 g% of select Q-quality sheep's milk was diluted with drinking water complying with hygiene standards for infant formulas to a total volume of 100 ml and subsequently enriched and fortified according to Example 3.

Adapted sheep's milk should be used as an alternative to cow's milk when cow's milk is intolerant.

Industrial usability

Adapted milk according to the invention can be produced in any milk whose device makes it possible to meet strict hygiene standards for the production of infant formulas.

Claims (10)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Adapted milk mainly for infant formulas based on animal milk, water, fat blend, sugar blend, fortified with vitamins, minerals including trace elements, amino acids, characterized in that it consists of a mixture of animal milk and water in which the water / milk ratio is from 68/32 to 42/58%, the composition comprising 1.1 to 1.8% by weight of the composition; % of native proteins and further comprises 3.75-6 wt. the fat content, in particular consisting of milk fat and vegetable oils, the milk fat content of the mixture being in the range of 2.0 to 2.8% by weight. and a vegetable oil content of between 1.05 and 2.5% by weight. and the sugars content of the mixture is 6 to 12 wt.%, consisting mainly of lactose and maltodextrins, wherein the lactose content is 3 to 9 wt.%. and the maltodextrins content is 2 to 6 g% by weight. 2. Adapted milk according to claim 1, characterized in that the animal milk is one of a group of milk consisting of cow's, goat's, sheep's milk or any mixture thereof. 3. The adapted milk according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil is one of the group of oils consisting of sunflower, rapeseed and a mixture of sunflower and rapeseed. Adapted milk according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains up to 3 g of fish oil in 100 ml. Adapted milk according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in 100 ml it contains up to 2 g of essential, semiesential and assisting L-forms of amino acids. 6. The adapted milk according to claim 5, characterized in that it contains up to 120 mg of taurine in 1000 ml. Adapted milk according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that 1000 ml contains in said amount any of the vitamins consisting of 100 to 800 µg of vitamin A, up to 30 µg of vitamin D, 20 to 80 mg of vitamin C , 100 to 1000 pg of vitamin B BI, 5 to 10 mg of vitamin B2, 2 to 10 mg of vitamin B3,2.1 to 8 mg of vitamin B5, 100 to 1000 pg of vitamin B6, up to 50 pg of vitamin B8, 30 to 300 pg of vitamin B9, 6 pg of vitamin B12, up to 20 mg of vitamin E, up to 200 pg of vitamin K. Adapted milk according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that 1000 ml contains in said amount any of the group of mineral and trace elements comprising up to 1000 mg of calcium, up to 10 mg of zinc, up to 1500 pg of copper, 30 mg of iron, up to 2 mg of fluorine, up to 150 µg of iodine, up to 80 µg of chromium, up to 80 µg of selenium, up to 80 µg of molybdenum, up to 40 µg of manganese. Adapted milk according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that 1000 ml contains up to 20 mg of L-carnitine. A method for producing adapted milk, especially for infant formulas based on animal milk, water, fat blend, sugar blend, fortified with vitamins, minerals including trace elements and amino acids, according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the animal milk is after basic treatment diluted with water to a content of 1.1 to 1.8 wt. native protein in the mixture, and this mixture is enriched with milk fat content of 2.0 to 2.8% by weight, vegetable oil content of 1.05 to 2.5% by weight, lactose content of 4 to 9% by weight, % maltodextrin to a content of 2.1 to 6 wt. fortified with preparations based on vitamins, minerals including trace elements, amino acids, pasteurized, homogenized and subsequently treated with the known technology of UHT, concentration or drying.