SK18597A3 - Composition containing thermoplastic crosslinked elastomeric or duroplastic polymer, its use and process for producing such polymer - Google Patents

Description

Antistatic modified polymers

Technical field

The invention relates to a composition comprising a thermoplastic structurally cross-linked elastomeric or thermosetting polymer comprising

(a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers to which they are adsorbed

b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture of bi) at least one polar organic compound containing at least carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms; and b2) an inorganic protonic acid salt that is solvated or complexed in a polar organic compound.

The invention further relates to a second composition comprising b) a polar inorganic or organic material, b1) a polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and 3 heteroatoms, and b2) an inorganic salt, the use of this second composition for antistatic treatment of polymers and a method for producing antistatic treated polymers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known that polymers are prone to charge by a strong electrostatic charge and that the electrostatic charge thus received can only be slowly removed from the polymers due to their very limited electrical conductivity. In addition to aesthetic reasons, there are many safety considerations that require rapid dissipation of electrostatic charges from polymers. Among the undesirable phenomena resulting from electrostatic charge of polymers may include: contamination of polymer surfaces, electric shock to persons who have come into contact with such charged polymers, manufacturing failures due to clogging of production paths through which they lead through polymer foil strips, electronic component breakdowns, agglomerate formation in polymeric powder powders, and sparks when very strong charges and discharges occur, which in the past has often led to severe, dangerous explosions.

It is known that electrostatic charging can be reduced by incorporating additives that improve the surface conductivity of the polymers. However, these additives have the disadvantage of being virtually ineffective at low atmospheric humidity. It is therefore preferable to use additives which increase the bulk conductivity of the polymeric substances. However, known substances used to increase the bulk conductivity of polymeric substances, such as carbon black or metal powder, impair the mechanical properties of the polymers and, moreover, are not applicable to transparent polymers. In addition, there is now an increasing demand that the ingredients used be environmentally friendly.

Other facts regarding antistatic additives and the electrostatic charging mechanism can be found, for example, in: Plastics Additive Handbook, edited by R. Gächter und H. Müller, Hanser Verlag, 3rd ed., 1990, p. 749-775. /

In order to achieve a permanent antistatic treatment, it has already been proposed in DE 4 324 062 to coat large surface materials such as fibers with a semiconductor colorless material such as zinc oxide. The layered material can then be admixed with the polymer granulate and further processed with the granulate. However, the manufacture of said coated material is costly because, in order to achieve semiconductor coating, the fibrous support material must be moistened with an aqueous salt solution, then dried and then subjected to thermal conditioning of the deposited salt. These chemical and thermal processes taking place on the fibers can damage the fiber to such an extent that the conductivity is lower than that expected from the semiconductor. A further disadvantage is that the fibers are broken due to the mechanical stress of the fracture, thereby damaging the brittle coating of the semiconductor and hence impairing the conductivity.

Another possibility is described in DE 43 16 607. Here, metallised plastic fibers are proposed which are already commercially available and which are treated with the addition of lubricants, adhesives or coatings, thereby increasing their electrical conductivity. However, plated fibers are relatively more expensive due to the higher costs involved in their manufacture and reduce the transparency of the polymers into which they are incorporated. Here too, mechanical damage to the conductive layer and the fibers themselves cannot be prevented (breaking the fibers).

In view of the above, there is still a need for an anti-static, environmentally friendly, even at low air humidity, an efficient volumetric conductivity additive system that can be easily manufactured to guarantee volumetric conductivity over a long period of time and which to be used without any particular restriction for all commercially available polymers.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has now been found that polar organic compounds containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms in combination with an inorganic salt adsorbed as adsorbent to the surface or pores of inorganic or organic materials can be incorporated into thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked or curable polymers (crosslinkable polymers) ), the additives thus incorporated impart a permanent antistatic treatment to the polymers.

If the polar inorganic or organic material has pores, then organic compounds with organic salts can be deposited and adsorbed in these pores, resulting in a particularly stable antistatic treatment.

A particular advantage is that the relatively low molecular weight combinations of polar or surfactant compounds and inorganic salts themselves, which otherwise tend to be deposited on the surface of the polymeric material, first bind to the polar inorganic or organic material by adsorption.

The salt-containing polar organic compounds may have additional functional groups that form ionic or covalent bonds with the functional groups of the carrier material. The functional groups can be polymerizable groups, whereby particularly durable and stable coatings can be obtained by polymerization or crosslinking.

It is essential for good electrical conductivity that the particles or fibers of the polar inorganic or organic material contact or cross each other at as many locations as possible. This creates conductive paths in the polymeric material, over which they can dissipate electrical charges from the polymer.

The stabilizing property of polymers, such as thermal stability, resistance to degradation by light and hydrolysis resistance, remains largely unchanged in most cases.

In the case of using smaller amounts of said additives, the optical properties of the polymers change only very little and the transparent polymer materials thus remain substantially transparent.

The present invention provides a composition comprising a thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked elastomeric or thermosetting polymer comprising:

(a) polar adsorptive inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers adhering to each other, to which a polar antistatic agent (b) consisting of a mixture of (b) at least one polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms is adsorbed; an inorganic protonic acid which is solvated or complicated in said polar organic compound.

Examples of thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked, or thermosetting polymers will be described in the following.

1. Polymers of monoolefins and diolefins, for example polypropylene, polyisobutylene, poly-1-butene, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, as well as polymers of cycloolefins, such as polymers derived from cyclopentene or norbornene (further polyethylene) optionally, crosslinked), for example, high density polyethylene (HDPE), high density and high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-HMW), high density polyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium molecular weight polyethylene (MDPE), low density (LDPE) , linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), branched low density polyethylene (VLDPE).

Polyolefins, i. the polymers of the monoolefins exemplified in the preceding paragraph, in particular polyethylene and polypropylene, can be prepared in various ways, in particular using the following procedures:

a) radical polymerization (usually at high pressure and at elevated temperature),

(b) catalytic polymerization using a catalyst which typically contains one or more of Group IVb, Vb, VIb or VIII metals of the Periodic Table.

These metals typically have one or more ligands, such as, in particular, oxides, halides, alkoxides, esters, ethers, amines, alkyls, alkenyls and / or aryls, which may be either π or σ-coordinated. These metal complexes may be in free form or fixed on substrates, typically on activated magnesium chloride, titanium chloride, alumina or silicon dioxide. The catalysts may be soluble or insoluble in the polymerization medium and may be used as such or other activators such as, in particular, metal alkyls, metal hydrides, metal alkyl halides, metal alkoxides or metal alkyloxanes whose metals are elements of group la, Ila and / or Hla of the periodic table. These activators may be suitably modified with other ester, ether, amine or silyl ether groups. These catalyst systems are commonly referred to as Phillips catalysts, Standard Oil Indiana, Ziegler (-Natta), TNZ (DuPont), metallocene catalysts or single site catalysts (SSCs).

2. Mixtures of the polymers referred to in paragraph 1, for example mixtures of polypropylene with polyisobutylene, polypropylene with polyethylene (for example PP / HDPE, PP / LDPE) and mixtures of different types of polyethylene (for example LDPE / HDPE).

3. Copolymers of monoolefins and diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers, such as copolymers of ethylene and propylene, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and mixtures thereof with low density polyethylene (LDPE), copolymers of propylene and 1-butene, copolymers and 1-butene, copolymers of ethylene and hexene, copolymers of ethylene and methylpentene, copolymers of ethylene and heptene, copolymers of ethylene and octene, copolymers of propylene and butadiene, copolymers of isobutylene and isoprene, copolymers of ethylene and alkyl acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and alkyl acrylate, their copolymers with carbon monoxide or copolymers of ethylene and acrylic acid and their salts (ionomers), as well as terpolymers of ethylene with propylene and diene, such as hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene or ethylidene-norbornene, and mixtures of these copolymers with each other and with the polymers mentioned in paragraph 1 above, e.g. for example, copolymers of polypropylene and ethylene with propylene, copolymers of LDPE and ethylene with vinyl acetate (EVA), copolymers of LDPE and ethylene with acrylic acid (EAA), copolymers LLDPE and ethylene with vinyl acetate, copolymers LLDPE and ethylene with acrylic acid and alternating and acrylic acid and alternating carbon monoxide and mixtures thereof with other polymers, for example polyamides.

4. Hydrocarbon resins (for example from monomers containing 5 to 9 carbon atoms), including hydrogenated modifications thereof (for example, adhesives for the preparation of adhesives) and mixtures of polyalkylenes and starch.

5. Polystyrene, poly (p-methylstyrene), poly (α-methylstyrene).

6. Copolymers of styrene or α-methylstyrene with dienes or acrylic derivatives, for example styrene / butadiene, styrene / acrylonitrile, styrene / alkyl methacrylate, styrene / butadiene / alkyl acrylate, styrene / butadiene / alkyl methacrylate, styrene / maleic anhydride , styrene / acrylonitrile / methyl acrylate, high impact strength mixtures of styrene / other polymer copolymers such as polyacrylate, diene polymer or ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer and styrene block copolymers such as styrene / butadiene / styrene / butadiene / styrene styrene, styrene / ethylene / butylene / styrene or styrene / ethylene / propylene / styrene.

7. Grafted copolymers of styrene or α-methylstyrene, for example styrene on polybutadiene, styrene on a copolymer of polybutadiene and styrene or on a copolymer of polybutadiene and acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylonitrile (or methacrylonitrile) on polybutadiene, styrene, styrene, styrene, styrene, styrene and styrene, maleic anhydride on polybutadiene, styrene, acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride or maleimide on polybutadiene, styrene and maleimide on polybutadiene, styrene and alkyl acrylates or methacrylates on polybutadiene, styrene and acrylonitrile on poly (ethylene terpolymers) -acrylates or polyalkyl methacrylates, styrene and acrylonitrile on acrylate / butadiene copolymers, as well as mixtures thereof with the copolymers mentioned in paragraph 6, for example mixtures of copolymers known as ABS, MBS, ASA or AES polymers.

8. Polymers containing halogen, such as polychloroprene, chlorinated rubber, chlorinated or chlorosulfonated polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and chlorinated ethylene, homo- and copolymers of epichlorohydrin, in particular polymers of vinyl compounds containing halogen, for example polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride and copolymers thereof, such as copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride and vinyl acetate.

9. Polymers derived from α, β-unsaturated acids and derivatives thereof, such as polyacrylates and polymethacrylates, polymethyl methacrylates, polyacrylamides and polyacrylonitriles, the impact strength of which is modified with butyl acrylate.

10. The copolymers of the monomers referred to in paragraph 9 with each other or with other unsaturated monomers, for example acrylonitrile and butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile and acrylic acrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile and alkoxyalkyl acrylate or acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile and vinyl halide acrylonitrile or vinyl halide acrylate or vinyl halide butadiene.

11. Polymers, amines or their polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl benzoate, polyalyl phthalate or with the olefins referred to in paragraph 1 above.

derived from acyl derivatives of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl maleate, polyalyl-melanin, unsaturated alcohols or and acetals, for example polyvinyl stearate, polyvinyl butyral, as well as copolymers thereof

12. Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic ethers, such as polyalkylene glycols, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or copolymers thereof with bisglycidyl ethers.

13. Polyacetals such as polyoxymethylene and those polyoxymethylenes which contain as comonomer ethylene oxide, polyacetals modified with thermoplastic polyurethanes, acrylates or

MBS.

14. Polyphenylene oxides and sulfides, and mixtures of polyphenylene oxides with styrene polymers or polyamides.

15. Polyurethanes derived from hydroxyl-terminated polyethers, polyesters and polybutadienes as well as aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates, as well as precursors thereof.

16. Polyamides and copolyamides derived from diamines and dicarboxylic acids and / or from aminocarboxylic acids or corresponding lactams, for example polyamide 4, polyamide 6, polyamide 6/6, 6/10, 6/9, 6/12, 4 / 6, 12/12, polyamide

11, polyamide 12, aromatic polyamides which are the product of m-xylenediamine and adipic acid, polyamides prepared from hexamethylenediamine and isophthalic and / or terephthalic acid with or without an elastomer as modifying agent, for example poly-2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene-terephthalamide or poly-m-phenylene-isophthalimide, and also block copolymers of the aforementioned polyamides with polyolefins, olefin copolymers, ionomers or chemically bonded or grafted elastomers, or with polyethers, for example with polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polyether tetramethylene or polyether tetramethylene ABS as well as polyamides condensed during processing (polyamide systems RIM).

17. Polyureas, polyimides, polyamide-imides and polybenzimidazoles.

18. Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and diols and / or hydroxycarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactones, for example polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly-1,4, -dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate and polyhydroxybenzoates, as well as block copolyether polyesters, ester esters, polyether esters, polyether esters, hydroxyl-terminated, and also

J polyesters modified with polycarbonates or MBS.

19. Polycarbonates and polyester carbonates.

20. Polysulfones, polyether sulfones and polyether ketones.

21. Crosslinked polymers derived from both aldehydes and phenols, ureas or melamines such as phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde resins and melamine-formaldehyde resins.

22. Drying and non-drying alkyd resins.

23. Unsaturated polyester resins derived from copolyesters of saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids with polyhydric alcohols and vinyl compounds as crosslinking agents, as well as their low flammable modifications containing halogens.

24. Crosslinkable acrylic resins derived from substituted acrylates, for example epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates or polyester acrylates.

25. Alkyd resins, polyester resins and acrylate resins crosslinked with melamine resins, urea resins, polyisocyanates or epoxy resins.

26. Crosslinked epoxy resins derived from polyepoxides such as bisglycidyl ethers or cycloaliphatic diepoxides.

27. Natural polymers such as cellulose, natural rubber, gelatin and chemically modified homologous derivatives thereof, for example cellulose acetates, cellulose propionates and cellulose butyrates, or cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose, as well as natural resins and their derivatives.

Mixtures of the aforementioned polymers (polyblends), for example PP / EPDM, polyamide / EPDM or ABS, PVC / EVA, PVC / ABS, PVC / MBS, PC / ABS, PBTP / ABS, PC / ASA, PC / PBT, PVC / CPE, PVC / acrylates, POM / thermoplastic PUR, PC / thermoplastic PUR, POM / acrylate, POM / MBS, PPO / HIPS, PPO / PA 6.6 and copolymers, PA / HDPE, PA / PP, PA / PPO.

Preferred examples of thermally or thermally selected from the group of thermoplastic, structurally crosslinkable polymers are polymers including polyolefins, polystyrenes, polymers of α, β-unsaturated acids, polymers containing halogens, homo- and copolymers of cyclic ethers, polymers of unsaturated alcohols, polyacetal alcohols, polyacetals, polymers, , polyurethanes, polyamides, polyesters, polyureas, polycarbonates, polysulfones, crosslinked aldehydes on the one hand and phenols, urea or melamine on the other, alkyd resins, crosslinkable acrylic resins, crosslinked epoxy resins, cellulose and natural rubber.

Particularly preferred polymers are polyolefins, polystyrenes, polymers of α, β-unsaturated acids, especially polyvinyl chloride, homo- and copolymers of cyclic ethers, in particular bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether.

Particularly particularly preferred polymers are polyolefins, such as polyethylene in its individual modifications, or a halogen-containing polymer, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), in particular as a suspension or mass polymer.

The polar adsorption inorganic or organic material may have a fiber or discrete particle configuration. The adsorption can occur on the surface and / or in the voids of the fiber or particle pores.

The term pore in the context of the present invention means that the inorganic or organic materials have internal cavities with an internal surface area of at least 1 m ² / g and are thus capable of trapping substances and ions in these cavities and thereby permanently binding them there.

Said inner surface can be determined, for example, by the BET method. If the inorganic or organic material is porous, its surface is preferably 5 to 500 m ² g.

As porous adsorption inorganic materials, for example, natural stone meal, such as calcite, talc, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite or attapulgite. Layered silicates such as sepiolite or bentonite, highly disperse silicas, synthetic high-absorbing silicic acid, molecular sieves such as zeolites, pumice, clay and porous glass may also be used.

Said porous adsorption inorganic materials may exhibit an acidic, neutral or alkaline reaction in aqueous solution.

Molecular sieve zeolites are crystalline hydrated aluminosilicates of synthetic or natural origin with a basic structure containing exchangeable alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cations (as defined by DWBreck in Zeolite Molecular Sieves, J.Wiley, New York, 1974).

Examples of suitable zeolites having the character of molecular sieves are zeolite A, zeolite ZSM-5, Mordenite, zeolite L, zeolite X, zeolite Y in the Na-, K- or Ca-ring.

Also suitable are layered silicates of the class of phyllosilicates with the tetrahedral surround of the silicon atoms with oxygen atoms. Two such tetrahedral Si-layers are joined by a layer of octahedrally coordinated metal, such as A1 or Mg, through oxygen atoms. This creates a layer of tetrahedra, octahedra and tetrahedra which is separated from the nearest repeating structural unit by a two-dimensional intermediate space. In this intermediate space there may be counterions that are necessary to balance the charge balance. Possible counterions are metal ions, oligo- or polyoxymetal ions or organic cations.

Phylosilicates having a fibrous structure are particularly suitable. In particular, the hormone group has the ability to form chain-like fibrous structures with channel-like cavities. These silicates are particularly suitable in the context of the invention.

Attapulgite or sepiolite are particularly preferred as fibrous layered silicates.

Mixtures of different fibrous layered silicates or mixtures of these silicates are zeolites having the character of molecular sieves.

For a review of the silicate group and their occurrence, see Ullman Encyclopedia of Ind. Chem., 5th Ed. 1986, VCH Verlag Weinheim, Vol. A7, p.118.

Natural and synthetic porous adsorption inorganic materials are to a large extent commercially available.

Synthetic porous polymers such as urea-formaldehyde polycondensation products (Pergopak) can be used as porous adsorbent organic materials, but naturally occurring sorption porous natural substances can also be used.

Many granular or fibrous naturally occurring organic substances, such as disintegrated wood or plant residues or treated natural fibers, can be used as adsorption organic fibers.

Preferred naturally occurring fibers are, for example, cellulose fibers, such as cotton, bast, kapok, jute, rope or hemp fibers. However, wool or silk fibers may also be used.

i4

Naturally occurring cellulose may be further derivatized, for example as viscose, cellulose esters or cellulose ethers. These ethers or esters may have different average substitution degrees, which usually range from 1 to 3.

The organic fibrous materials can be used in the form of long spun fibers or in the form of staple fibers.

The fibers may also be used in the form of a web, such as a woven fabric, a felt or a felt.

Furthermore, man-made polymeric fibers can be used provided that the fibers have a sufficiently high polarity on the surface and are capable of adsorbing said polar antistatic agent on the surface.

Examples of suitable fibers in this case are polyamide fibers, polyester fibers or polyacrylonitrile fibers. The surface of fibers that are normally non-polar, such as the surface of polyolefin fibers, can be modified by additional chemical and / or physical processing to the extent that these fibers can also be used in the present invention. A typical example of such a modification is exposure of polypropylene fibers to plasma or corona discharge.

When polymeric fibers such as polyamide fibers are used, the polar organic compound to be adsorbed onto said fibers preferably has a functional group that can be polymerized or crosslinked. Such polymerization or crosslinking results in particularly durable antistatic properties.

In order to achieve the desired advantageous effect, the fibers or particles in the polymer matrix must be in contact with each other, since this may result in the bulk conductivity being conducted by conducting ions or electrons.

The inorganic or organic particles may be in the form of needles, platelets, rollers, inserts, regular or irregular spheres or other irregularly shaped bodies.

These particles generally have a mean particle size of 1 to 5000, preferably 10 to 1000 and particularly preferably 50 to 500 microns.

Preference is given to non-spherical particles which are predominantly elongated in one direction. Examples of such particles are needles, rollers and platelets.

Preferably, polar inorganic or polar organic fibers are used, since their use results in a better conductivity at a lower degree of polymer loading than if spherical particles are used.

Inorganic or organic fibers generally have a length of 0.01 to 200 millimeters, preferably 0.1 to 20 millimeters.

The antistatic agent partially consists of a polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms. Examples of heteroatoms are an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom or a phosphorus atom in their various oxidation stages.

Antistatic agents useful in the present invention are known in large numbers and are described, for example, in Kunststoff 67 (1977) 3, pages 154-159.

Examples of polar organic compounds containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms that can solvate or complex a salt of an inorganic protonic acid are polyethers, crown ethers, polyols, polyimines, polyamines, polymers derived from pyridine, macrocyclic aza-compounds, polysulfides or polyphosphines.

Preferably, the polar organic compound has 3 to 20 heteroatoms and 5 to 100 carbon atoms.

Preferred heteroatoms are an oxygen atom and a nitrogen atom.

The molecular weight of said polar organic compounds is preferably 200-5000, particularly preferably 300-3000 Daltons.

Said polar organic compounds are preferably liquid or soluble in organic solvents at a temperature of up to 60 ° C.

Examples of polymerizable functional groups are olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, which are for example derived from α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, glycidyl groups such as glycidyl ether, or isocyanate groups.

Examples of inorganic salts that may be used in the present invention are zinc salts, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, or ammonium salts of inorganic mineral acids, oxoacids or (lower alkyl) sulfonic acids.

Preferably, such an inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of LiCl ^, L1CF ₃ SO _3, NaClO ^, LiBF _4, NaBF _4, KBF ^, NACF ₃ SO _3, KC1O _4, KPF _much, KCF ₃ SO _3, KC ^ SO ^. Ca (ClO ₂ , Ca (PF ₆ ) _a , Ca (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ , Mg (Clo ₄ ) ₂ , Mg (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ , Zn (C 10j _a , Zn (PF _e ) _a and Ca (CF SO).

3 ⁹ 2

Preferably, the composition comprises a thermoplastic structurally cross-linked elastomeric or thermosetting polymer comprising

(a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers in contact with each other to which they are adsorbed

b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture b1) of a polyoxyalkylene of the formula I

R ¹ -O- [CH (R ³ ) -CH ₂ -O-] _n - [CH ₂ - [CH (OH)] -CH _and -O] - [C (O)] _r "R ² (I) in which

R ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkyl-C (O) -group wherein the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl-C (O) - a group in which the alkenyl radical contains 2 to 24 carbon atoms, a group CH ₂ = CH-C (O) or a group CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -,

R ² is alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, _and CH-COOH, N (alkyl) ₃ Hal, wherein each alkyl portion has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or, if r = 0, additionally CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or CH ₂ =

C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -,

R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,

Hal represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, n represents a number greater than or equal to 2, p represents a number from 1 to 6 aqar, independently of one another, being 0 or 1, and in which b2) an inorganic salt of the general formula " ], where

M is a zinc cation of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or zinc, and a and b, independently of one another, are a number between 1 and 6 and

A is an anion of an inorganic protonic acid or an organic oxygen sulfuric acid.

Within the scope of the invention, the polyoxyalkylenes useful as component (b1) of formula I are:

R ^x -O- [CH (R ³ ) -CH ₂ -O-] _n - [CH ₂ - [CH (OH)] _E> CH ₂ -O] [C (O) (I) wherein

R ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkyl-C (O) -group wherein the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl-C (O) - a group in which the alkenyl radical contains 2 to 24 carbon atoms, a group CH ₂ = CH-C (O) or a group CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -,

R ² is alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, CH ₂ COOH, N (alkyl) ₃ Hal, wherein each alkyl portion has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or, if r = 0, additionally a group CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or CH = _z

C _(CH3) - (O) -,

R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Hal represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, n represents a number greater than or equal to 2, p represents a number from 1 to 6 aqar, independently of each other 0 or 1, commercially available or obtainable by known simple chemical reactions.

When the substituents in the compounds of the formula I are C 1 -C 24 -alkyl, residues such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl are suitable. group, nonyl, decyl, undecyl ^! group, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, eicosyl, docosyl and tetracosyl groups, as well as the corresponding branched positional isomers.

When the substituents in the compounds of formula (I) are C 2 -C 24 alkenyl, such radicals are derived from the above-mentioned alkyl radicals, with one or more double bonds in the radicals. If there is only one double bond, the double bond is preferably located in the middle of the hydrocarbon chain. Where there are multiple double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain, such a residue is preferably derived from an unsaturated fatty acid. A particularly preferred alkenyl radical is an oleyl radical.

Preferably, in the compounds of formula IR ^x is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or _CH2 = C _(CH3) C (O) -.

Preferably, in the compounds of formula IR ² , an alkyl group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an N (alkyl) ₃ C1 group, wherein each alkyl moiety contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms, is CH ₂ = CH -C (O) - or CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -.

Preferably, in compounds of formula I, n is between 2 and 20 and p is between 2 and 6.

Particularly preferred individual compounds of the formula I are polypropylénglykollaurylester, polypropylénglykololeyléter, polypropylénglykolmetyldietylamóniumchlorid, polyetylénglykolmonoetyléter, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyetylénglykollaurylester, polyetylénglykololeylester, polyetylénglykololeyléter, polyetylénglykolsorbitanmonolaurylester, polyetylénglykolstearylester, polyetylénglykolpolypropylénglykollauryléter acid polyetyléngylkollauryléterkarboxylová, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, and -triakrylát -mono or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and -mono.

When an olefinically unsaturated compound is used, it can be polymerized or crosslinked on the fiber. This creates a fiber coating in which the inorganic salt is complexed or solvated.

A particularly advantageous embodiment is obtained when polyethylene glycol diacrylate or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate is used and it is polymerized or crosslinked on a polar inorganic or organic material. This provides an extremely stable and durable antistatic treatment, which significantly eliminates the separation (swelling) of the inorganic salt or organic components.

Said crosslinking can be performed on the surface of the fibers or particles, but also in the internal cavities (pores).

Other suitable cross-linking components which can additionally be used simultaneously are, for example, trimethylolpropane acrylate, trimethylolpropane methacrylate or other triple functional compounds. These compounds are commercially available.

Crosslinking or polymerization reactions are known and can be carried out either thermally or photochemically. The catalysts in this case are peroxy compounds such as H ₂ O ₂ or photoinitiators such as benzyldimethyl ketal. These catalysts are also known and commercially available.

The polar inorganic or organic material is preferably used in an amount of from 0.01 to 70 parts by weight, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.

The polar organic compounds containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms are preferably used in an amount of from 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.

The inorganic salt used is preferably used in an amount of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.

The ratio of the organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms to the inorganic salt is preferably 200: 1 to 1: 1.

Generally, the inorganic salt is first mixed with a polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms, followed by impregnation of the polar inorganic or organic material with the mixture thus obtained.

In the context of the invention, the thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked or thermosetting polymer may also contain other additives. These other additives belong in particular to the group of thermal stabilizers and / or agents stabilizing polymers against light degradation (abbreviated as light stabilizers). The thermal stabilization involves stabilizing the polymeric materials both during their processing and during their use (long-term stabilization). The use of these additional ingredients is routine to the skilled person, and these ingredients are largely commercially available.

In the case of the antistatic halogen-containing polymers described above, the polymers expediently additionally comprise at least one inorganic compound of zinc, barium, cadmium, aluminum, calcium, magnesium or a rare earth metal such as zinc oxide, hydroxide zinc, zinc chloride, zinc sulfide or basic addition compounds, zinc oxide / zinc hydroxide, or an organic zinc, barium, cadmium, aluminum, calcium, magnesium or rare earth metal compound of the series of aliphatic saturated carboxylates containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxylates containing from 3 to 22 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxylates containing from 2 to 22 carbon atoms which are substituted by at least one OH group or whose chain is interrupted by at least one oxygen atom (oxacysinins), cyclic and bicyclic carboxylates containing 5 to 22 carbon atoms 22 carbon atoms, unsaturated, with at least one hydroxy-substituted and / or alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon-substituted phenylcarboxylates, unsubstituted, at least one hydroxy-substituted and / or alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon-substituted naphthylcarboxylates, phenylalkylcarboxylates, wherein the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 16 carbon atoms, naphthylalkyl carboxylates in which the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 16 carbon atoms, or optionally an alkyl moiety having 1 to 12 carbon atoms substituted phenolates.

The metal compounds mentioned can be used as mixtures of different compounds. The so-called synergistic mixtures of metal soaps, for example the metals Ca and Zn or Ba and Zn, are preferred. Organic compounds of zinc, barium, cadmium, aluminum, calcium, magnesium or rare earth metal coating hydrotalcite, zeolite or dawsonite may also be used. These embodiments are also described in DE-A-4031818.

As antioxidants, for example:

1. Alkylated monophenols, for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n- butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2- (α-methylcyclohexyl) -4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol,

2,4.6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol,

2,6-dinonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6- (1'-methyl-1'-undecyl) phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6- (1'-methyl-1'-heptadecyl) phenol, 2 4-dimethyl-6- (1'-methyl-1'-tridecyl) phenol and mixtures thereof.

2. Alkylthiomethylphenols, for example 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-didodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol.

3. Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones, for example

2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone,

2.5-di-tert. amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol,

2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole,

3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl stearate, bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) adipate.

4. Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers, for example 2,2'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis (4-octylphenol),

4,4'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis (3,6- di-sec-amylphenol), 4,4'-bis (2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) disulfide.

5. Alkylidenebisphenols, for example 2,2'-methylenebis (6-tert.

butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis [4-methyl-6- (α-methylcyclohexyl) phenol], 2,2 1'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (6-nonyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'- ethylidenebis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis- (6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis- [6- (α-methylbenzyl) -4-nonylphenol] 2,2'-methylenebis [6- (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) -4-nonylphenol], 4,4'-methylenebis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis (6-tert. butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-bis (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) butane, 2,6-bis (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) 4-methylphenol), 1,1,3-tris (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) butane, 1,1-bis- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) ) -3-n-dodecylmercaptobutane, ethylene glycol bis [3,3-bis (3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) butyrate], bis (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) dicyclopentadiene , bis [2- (3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methyl-benzyl) -6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl] terephthalate, 1,1- bis (3,5-dimethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis- (5-tert-butyl-4- hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) -4-n-dodecylmercaptobutane, 1,1,5,5-tetra (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) pentane.

6. O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds, e.g. 3,5,3 ', 5'-

tetrater-butyl-4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, octadecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzylmercaptoacetate, tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) amine, bis (4-tert-butyl-3- hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) dithioterephthalate, bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, isooctyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl mercaptoacetate.

7. Hydroxybenzylated malonates, for example dioctadecyl-2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, dioctadecyl-2- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl) malonate, didodecylmercaptoethyl -2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, bis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl] -2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl) butyl-4-hydroxybenzylJmalonát.

Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds, for example

1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2, 3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene, 2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) phenol.

9. Triazine compounds, for example 2,4-bis (octylmercapto) -6- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy) -1,3,5 -triazine, 2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy) -1,2,3-triazine, 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, 2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylethyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris (3,5 -dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate.

10. Phosphonates, phosphites and phosphonites such as dimethyl 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl-3,5-di-tert. butyl 4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylphosphonate, Ca-monoethyl ester

3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, triphenylphosphite, diphenylalkylphosphites, phenyldialkylphosphites, tris- (nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilaurylphosphite, trioctadecylphosphite, distearylpentaerythritol diphenyl phosphite, tris- (2,4-bis) diphosphite, bis- (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis- (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis-isodecyloxy-pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis- (2,4- di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4,6-tri- tert -butylphenyl) -pentaerythritol if osphite, tristearylsorbit triphosphite, tetrakis- (2,4-di- tert-butylphenyl) -4,4'-biphenylenediphosphonite, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl12H-dibenz (d, g) -1,3,2-dioxaphosphine, 6-f Fluoro-2,4, -8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenz (d, g) -1,3,2-dioxaphosphocin, bis- (2,4-di-tert-butyl-6- methylphenyl) methylphosphite, bis- (2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl) ethylphosphite,

11. Acylaminophenols, for example 4-hydroxylauranilide, 4-hydroxystearanilide, octyl N- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) carbamate.

12. Esters of β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, neopentylglycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N, N'bis (hydroxyethyl) oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, trimethyl-4-methanediol, 3-thiapentadecanol; 2,6,7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane.

13. Esters of B- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propionic acid with monovalent or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol,

1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N, N'-bis (hydroxyethyl) 3-hydroxyamide .

3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane,

4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane.

14. Esters of B- (3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid with monovalent or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2- propanediol, neopentylglycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N, N'-bis (hydroxyethyl) oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiolpentadecanol, 4-thiolpentadecanol; , 7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane.

15. Esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid with monovalent or polyhydric alcohols, for example with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol , neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N, N'-bis (hydroxyethyl) oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylpropanethiol, trimethylol 6,7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane.

16. Amides of β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, for example N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hexamethylenediamine, N, N'-bis ( 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) trimethylenediamine, N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hydrazine.

17. Esters of thiodiacetic acid and thiodipropionic acid.

Preferred are antioxidants from groups 5, 10 and 14, in particular 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid esters with octadecanol or pentaerythritol or tris- (2,4 di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite.

A mixture of antioxidants of different structure may also be used.

Said antioxidants may be used in an amount of, for example, 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.1 to 10, and in particular 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.

UV absorbers include:

1. 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benztriazoles, for example 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- ( 5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl) ben27 zotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5 '- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (3', 5'- di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (3'-sec-butyl-5) 'tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-4'octyloxyphenyl) benzotriazole,

2- (3 ', 5'-diterc.amyl-2'-hydroxy-benzotriazole,

2- (3 ', 5'-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) -2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, a mixture of 2- (3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5' - (2-octyloxycarbonylethyl) phenyl 2- (3'-tert-butyl-5 '- [2- (2-ethylhexyloxy) carbonylethyl] -2'-hydroxyphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (3'-tert-butyl-) -5-chlorobenzotriazole; 3'-hydroxy-5 '- (2-methoxycarbonylethyl) phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5' (2-methoxycarbonylethyl) phenyl) bezotriazole, 2- (3'- tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5 '- (2-octyloxycarbonylethyl) phenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (3'-tert-butyl-5' - [2- (2-ethylhexyloxy) carbonylethyl] -2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (3'-dodecyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole and 2- (3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5 '- (2-isooctyloxycarbonylethyl) phenyl) benzotriazole, 2 , 2'-methylene-bis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -6-benzotriazol-2-ylphenol], a transesterification product of 2- [3'-tert-butyl-5 '- (2-methoxycarbonylethyl) -2'-Hydroxyphenyl] -2H-benzotriazole by polyethylene glycol 300, a compound of formula [R-CH ₂ CH ₂ -COO (CH ₂ ) ₃ ] ₂ , wherein R represents 3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-5'- 2H-benzotriazol-2-ylphenyl.

2. 2-hydroxybenzophenones, for example 4-hydroxy-, 4-methoxy, 4-octyloxy-, 4-decyloxy-, 4-dodecyloxy-, 4-benzyloxy-, 4,2 ', 4'-trihydroxy- and 2'- hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy derivatives of 2-hydroxybenzophenone.

3. Esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids, e.g. 4-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoyl-resorcinol, bis (4-tert-butylbezoyl) resorcinol, benzoyl-resorcinol, 2,4-diterc 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid butyl phenyl ester, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid hexadecyl ester, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid octadecyl ester, 2-methyl-4,6 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.

4. Acrylates, for example ethyl .alpha.-cyano-B, .beta.-diphenylacrylate, isooctyl .alpha.-cyano-.beta., .Beta.-diphenylacrylate, methyl .alpha.-methoxycarbonylcinamate, .beta.-cyano-.beta.-methyl-.beta.-methoxycinamate; butyl .alpha.-cyano-.beta.-methyl-p-methoxycinamate, methyl .alpha.-methoxycarbonyl-.beta.-methoxycinamate and N- (.beta.-methoxycarbonyl-.beta.-cyanvinyl) -2-methylindoline.

5. Nickel compounds, for example, nickel complexes with 2,2'-thiobis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol] such as a 1: 1 or 1: 2 complex, with or without other ligands such as is n-butylamine, triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel salts with monoalkyl esters of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzylphosphinic acid, for example its methyl ester or ethyl ester, nickel complexes with ketoximes 4-methylphenyl-undecyl ketoxime, nickel complexes with 1-phenyl-4-lauroyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, with or without other ligands.

6. Sterically hindered amines, for example bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) sebacate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) succinate, bis (1,2,2,6,6) -pentamethylpiperidyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2, -

6,6-Pentamethylpiperidyl) -n-butyl-3,5-di-tert. butyl 4-hydroxybenzyl malonate, condensation product 1-hydroxyethyl) -2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and succinic acid, condensation product N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4 -piperidyl) hexamethylenediamine and 4-tert-octylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, tris (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) nitrilotriacetate, tetrais (2,2 , 6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) -1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylate, 1,1 '- (1,2-ethanediyl) bis- (3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazinone) 1,4-benzoyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl) 2-n-butyl- 2- (2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl) malonate, 3-n-octyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro [4,5] decane-2,4 -dione, bis (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) sebacate, bis (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) succinate, condensation product N, N'-bis (2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) hexamethylenediamine a

4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, condensation product 2-chloro-4,6-di (4-n-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) -1,3 -

5-triazine and 1,2-bis (3-aminopropylamino) ethane, condensation product 2-chloro-4,6-di (4-n-butylamino-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl) -1,3 5-triazine and 1,2-bis (3-aminopropylamino) ethane, 8-acetyl-3-dodecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro [4.5] decane-2, 4-dione, 3-dodecyl-1- (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, 3-dodecyl-1- (1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) pyrrolidine-2,5-dione as well as Chimassorb 966.

7. Oxdiamides, for example 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'-dioctyloxy-5,5'-tert-butxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'- etoxanilide, N, N'-bis (3-dimethylaminopropyl) oxamide, 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-etoxanilide and its mixture with 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert butoxanilide, mixtures of o- and p-methoxy-disubstituted oxanilides and mixtures of o- and p-ethoxy-disubstituted oxanilides.

8. 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazines, for example 2,4,6-tris (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2-hydroxy -4-octyloxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) - 1,3,5-triazine,

2,4-bis (2-hydroxy-4-propyloxyphenyl) -6- (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (4-methylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- [ 2-hydroxy-4- (2-hydroxy-3-butyloxypropyloxy-phenyl) -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- [2-hydroxy-4- (2 hydroxy-3-octyloxy-propyloxy) phenyl] -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethyl) -1,3,5-triazine.

Suitable peroxide-decomposing compounds are, for example, β-thiodipropionic acid ester, for example lauryl ester, stearyl ester, myristyl ester or tridecyl ester, mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc salt of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc-dibutyldithiocarbamate propiocyldecisterate dodecyl dodecyl dodecyl diphecyldecyldecyldecyldecyldecyldecyldecyldecylene).

The invention also relates to a process for the production of antistatic thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked or thermosetting polymers, which comprises mixing thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked elastomeric or thermosetting polymers using devices such as calendering machines, mixers, mixers. , extruders and similar machines, compositions containing

(a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers to which they are adsorbed

b) an antistatic agent consisting of a mixture of b1) at least one polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms; and b2) an inorganic protonic acid salt that is solvated or complexed in said polar organic compound as such or as individual components and optionally other ingredients.

Said production process can be carried out in a known manner by mixing said ingredients and optionally further additives with the polymer using known devices such as calendering machines, mixers, mixers, extruders and the like. Said components may be blended into the polymer either individually or in admixture with each other. Masterbatches may also be used.

The antistatic treated polymer obtained by the process of the invention may be formed into the desired form by known methods. Such processes are, for example, grinding, calendering, extrusion, injection molding, sintering, sintering under pressure or spinning, extrusion blow molding or plastisol processing. The antistatic treated thermoplastic polymer can also be incorporated into foamed products.

Another object of the invention is a composition comprising

a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers to which it is adsorbed

b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture of b1) of a polyoxyalkylene of the general formula I. R ^x -O- [CH (R ³ ) -CH ₂ -O-] _n - [CH ₂ - [CH (OH) 1] -01 ^ -01 ^ - (0 (0) 1 ₎ R ² (I) wherein

R ^x represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkyl-C (O) -group wherein the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl-C (O) - a group in which the alkenyl radical contains 2 to 24 carbon atoms, a CH ₂ = CH-C (O) or a CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) -O (O) - group,

R ² is alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, CH ₂ COOH, N (alkyl) ₃ Hal, wherein each alkyl portion has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or, if r = 0, additionally CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or CH ₂ =

C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -,

R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,

Hal represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, n represents a number greater than or equal to 2, p represents a number from 1 to 6 and q and r, independently of one another, represent 0 or 1, and

b2) an inorganic salt of the general formula [M ^z * and A ^{<az / to> -} to] in which

M is a zinc cation of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or zinc, and a and b, independently of one another, are a number between 1 and 6 and

A is an anion of an inorganic protonic acid or an organic sulfuric acid, said salt being complexed or solvated in said organic compound.

The above-mentioned preferred embodiments apply to the contents of the individual components in the composition, and the composition may also contain the other ingredients described above.

It is a further object of the invention to use the composition of the invention to improve the antistatic properties of thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked elastomeric or thermosetting polymers. The polymer composition according to the invention is particularly suitable for encapsulating conductors and for insulating cables. However, decorative foils, foamed products, agricultural foils, hoses, sealing profiles and office foils can also be made of these polymeric materials.

The polymer compositions of the invention may also be used as molding materials for the production of hollow bodies (bottles), packaging films (deep-drawing films), blown films, safety bag films (in automobiles), pipes, foamed products, construction profiles (window frames), light wall profiles, building components, fittings, office sheets and instrument covers (computers, household appliances).

It is a further object of the invention to use a composition of the invention for encapsulating conductors and for insulating cables.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by means of specific examples thereof, these examples _; they are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

The pulp boards (Hard Wood, bleached) are cut into strips (about 6 x 1 cm), and 7.28 g are then introduced into a polyethylene glycol laurate solution (Irgastat 51, Ciba) containing 10% Li-methylsulfonate. The strips lie in a porcelain bowl in an evacuated container. The vessel is depressurized after about 30 minutes at 50 Pa. The impregnated strips are then allowed to drip. The weight of the impregnated cellulose is now 11.39 g. The impregnated strips are then cut into pieces of about 1 x 1 cm and disintegrated into fibers in a centrifuge mill (Retsch, type ZM 1000) with a 0.5 mm round sieve.

Example 2

To 50 g of polypropylene (Moplen FLF 20) are added 4 g of the impregnated pulp obtained in the previous example 1 and mixed thoroughly. This mixture is then processed on a two-roll mill (calender) at 180 ° C for 5 minutes to form a polymer layer wrapped on the roll (gap width: 0.5 mm). They are then prepared using a metal plate template (15x15x0.05 cm), which is carried out in a heated hydraulic press (5 minutes at temperature

190 ° C). The boards thus obtained have an internal insulation resistance

R _d 4x10 ^xx Ω (measured using a measuring voltage of 500 V and a circular electrode with an effective area of 20 cm ² , at a gap of 0.5 cm (DIN 53482) and a temperature of 22 ° C). After storage at 22 ° C and a relative humidity of about 70% for one week, the R _d value dropped to 6x1 θ ' ⁷ Ω (circular electrode and surface resistance was 4.2x10 ® Ω, flexible reed electrode according to DIN 53482).

Example 3

The ram fibers (6 mm length, type 290, commercially available from Fisher CH-Dottikon) are ground in an ultra-centrifugal mill (Retsch, type ZM 1000) with a 0.12 mm round sieve. 3 g of these

The fibers are placed in a glass beaker and overlaid with a polyethylene glycol 400-diacrylate solution (Sartomer SR 344) containing 4% NaCl ₄ · 4H ₂ O, then mixed and placed in a vacuum vessel at 50 Pa for 30 minutes. The solution is then filtered and the residue (= impregnated fibers) is freed of the remaining solution between the filter papers in the hydraulic press. The weight of the residue is 4.9 g.

Example 4 g of the impregnated fibers obtained in Example 3 are loosened and mixed with 60 g of polypropylene (Moplen FLF 20). The resulting mixture is processed in a two-roll mill (calender) at 180 ° C for 7 minutes to form a polymer layer wrapped on a roll (gap: 0.5 mm). They are then made using a metal plate template (15 x 15 x 0.05 cm), produced under pressure in a heated hydraulic press (5 minutes treatment at 190 ° C). The boards thus produced have an internal insulation resistance R _d 9,9x10 ¹⁰ to a surface resistance R _q 1,3x10 ^1x ω (measured using a measuring voltage of 500 V, a circular electrode with an effective area of 20 cm ² , slits of 0,5 cm) (DIN 53482) and a temperature of 22 ° C. After two months of storage at ambient temperature with a relative humidity of 30 to 40%, the R value is 2.5x10 ⁹ Ω and the R value is 6.0χ10 ^χο Ω.

Example 5

The cellulose plates (446 g, Hard Wood, bleached) are cut into strips (about 2.5 x 14.5 cm) and the strips are introduced in three portions into a solution of polyethylene glycol 400-diacrylate (Sartomer SR 344) containing 4% NaC10 ₄ .H ₂ 0. These tapes are then stored in a container, which is located in an evacuated box. After about 30 minutes at 30 Pa, the box is depressurized. Then the impregnated tapes are allowed to drip. The weight of the impregnated cellulose is now 681 g. The impregnated strips thus obtained are then cut into pieces of approximately 1 x 1 cm, then disintegrated in an ultra-centrifugal mill (Retsch, Type ZM 1000), first using a 2 mm round sieve and then using a 1 mm round sieve as product. the fibers are obtained.

Example 6

In each case 45 g of polypropylene (Profax 6501) are treated with impregnated pulp (the amount and the measurement results are given in Table 1 below) and the mixture obtained is mixed gently. This mixture is then processed in a two-roll mill (calender) for 9 minutes at 180 ° C (gap: 0.4 mm) to give a polymer layer wrapped on a roll. Using a metal template (15 x 15 x 0.05 cm), plates of the above material are then produced under pressure in a heated hydraulic press (5 minutes treatment at 200 ° C).

The plates are then dried over silica gel for one week. After this drying period, the surface resistances R _q (using a flexible reed electrode according to DIN 53482, measuring voltage 500 V, at a temperature of 22 ° C and in a dry atmosphere having a relative humidity of less than 15%) are measured. The results obtained are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1

polypropylene Profax 6501 Impregnated pulp of Example 5 Surface resistance R _o (Ω) 45,0 g 3,0 g 2 x 10 ^lx 45,0 g 2,0 g 3 Oct 10 ¹¹ 45,0 g 1.5 g 2 X 10 ¹¹ 45,0 g 0 g = reference higher than the 2 x 10 ¹⁴ sample

Claims (28)

A composition comprising a thermoplastic, structurally cross-linked elastomeric or thermosetting polymer comprising: (a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers which are in contact with each other and to which they are adsorbed b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture of b1) at least one polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms; and b2) an inorganic protonic acid salt that is solvated or complexed in said polar organic compound. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic, structurally cross-linked elastomeric or thermosetting polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polystyrenes, polymers and, β-unsaturated acids, halogen-containing polymers, homo- and copolymers of cyclic ethers , polymers of unsaturated alcohols and amines, polyacetals, polyphenylene oxides, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyesters, polyureas, polycarbonates, polysulfones, crosslinked aldehydes on the one hand and phenols, urea or melamine on the other, alkyd resins, crosslinkable acrylic resins, crosslinked cellulose and natural rubber. The composition of claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic, structurally cross-linked elastomeric or thermosetting polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polystyrenes, polymers of α, β-unsaturated acids, halogen-containing polymers, and homo- and copolymers of cyclic ethers. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an inorganic or organic material which, when porous, has an internal surface area of from 5 to 500 m ² / g. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains natural stone meal, such as calcite, talc, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite or attapulgite, layered silicates, such as sepiolite or bentonite, highly disperse silicas, synthetic high suction, as porous adsorption inorganic materials. silicic acid, silica gel, zeolite molecular sieves, pumice stone, clay or porous glass. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as porous adsorption inorganic materials synthetically produced polymers, in particular urea-formaldehyde condensation products having a porous character. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains granular or fibrous naturally occurring organic materials, in particular disintegrated wood or plant residues, as adsorbent organic fibers. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises cotton fibers, bast fibers, jute fibers, kapok fibers, ramie fibers, flax fibers, hemp fibers, wool fibers or silk fibers as naturally occurring fibers. The composition of claim 1, wherein the particles have a mean particle size of from 1 to 5000 µmη. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the inorganic or organic fibers have a length of from 0.01 to 200 mm. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polar organic compounds containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms are selected from the group consisting of polyethers, crown ethers, polyols, polyimines, polyamines, pyridine-derived polymers, macrocyclic azazoles, polysulfides and polyfosfíny. Composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the polar organic compound has an olefinic unsaturated carbon bond, a functional group derived from α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, an isocyanate group or a glycidyl group. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as inorganic salts zinc salts, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or ammonium salts of inorganic mineral acids or oxo acids. The composition of claim 13, wherein the inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of LiClO, LiCF SO, NaClO, LiBF, KCl 10, KPF, KCF SO, KCF SO, Ca (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ , Mg (C10 ₄ ) ₂ , Mg (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ , and Ca (CF SO). '3 3'2 NaBF, KBF, NaCF SO, Ca (C10J ₂₎ , Ca (PF ₆ ) ₂ , Zn (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , Zn (PF ₆ ) ₂ The composition of claim 1, comprising a thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked elastomeric or thermosetting polymer comprising: (a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers in contact with each other to which they are adsorbed b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture b1) of a polyoxyalkylene of the formula I R ¹ -O- [CH (R ³ ) -CH ₂ -O-] _n - [CH ₂ - [CH (OH) 2] - (O) -] - (O (O)) - - R ² (I) in which R ¹ is H, alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, alkyl-C (O) -, wherein the alkyl portion contains 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl-C (O ) - in which the alkenyl radical contains 2 to 24 carbon atoms, the group CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or the group CH = = C (CH ₃ ) -O (O) -, R ² is alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, CH-COOH, N (alkyl) ₃ Hal, in which each alkyl portion contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or, that r = 0, additionally CH =, = CH-C (O) - or CH ₂ = c (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -, R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Hal represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, n represents a number greater than or equal to 2, p represents a number from 1 to 6 and q and r, independently of one another, represent 0 or 1, and b2) an inorganic salt of the general formula [M ^{z +} aA ^{(az / b)} b] in which M is a zinc cation of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or zinc, and a and b, independently of one another, are a number between 1 and 6 and A is an anion of an inorganic protonic acid or an organic sulfuric acid, said inorganic salt being complexed or solvated in said polyoxyalkylene. 16. The composition according to claim 15, characterized in characterized in that R ¹ is H, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or _CH2 = C _(CH3) -what)-. 17. The composition of claim 15, characterized in characterized in that R ² is alkyl of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 6-20 carbon atoms, N (alkyl) ₃ Cl, in which each alkyl portion contains 1 up to 8 carbon atoms, CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -. 18. The composition of claim 15 wherein n is a number between 2 and 20 and p is a number between 2 and 6. 19. The composition of claim 15, characterized in that in Formula I, to the polypropylénglykollaurylester, polypropylénglykololeyléter, polypropylénglykolmetyldietylamóniumchlor ID, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyetylénglykollaurylester, polyetylénglykololeylester, polyetylénglykololeyléter polyetylénglykolsorbitanmonolaurylester, polyetylénglykolstearylester, polyetylénglykolpolypropylénglykollauryléter acid polyetylénglykollauryléterkarboxylovú, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, and -monoakrylát -triacrylate or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, -monomethacrylate, and -trimethacrylate. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises polar inorganic or organic material in an amount of from 0.01 to 70 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of polymer. 21. The composition of claim 1 comprising polar organic compounds containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms in an amount of from 0.01 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer. 22. The composition of claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt used is in an amount of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of polymer. The composition of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms to the inorganic salt is 200: 1 to 1: 1. 24. A method for producing an antistatic treated thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked elastomeric or thermosetting polymer, comprising mixing a thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked elastomeric or thermosetting polymer using devices such as a rolling machine, mixer, mixer or extruder, a composition comprising: (a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers to which they are adsorbed b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture of b1) at least one polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms; and b2) an inorganic protonic acid salt that is solvated or complexed in said polar organic compound as such or in the form of individual components; optionally other ingredients. 25. A composition comprising (a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers to which they are adsorbed b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture of b1) at least one polar organic compound containing at least 5 carbon atoms and at least 3 heteroatoms; and b2) an inorganic protonic acid salt that is solvated or complexed in said polar organic compound. 26. The composition of claim 25, comprising (a) polar adsorption inorganic or organic material in the form of particles or fibers to which they are adsorbed b) a polar antistatic agent consisting of a mixture b1) of a polyoxyalkylene of the formula I R ^x -O- [CH (R ³ ) -CH _and -O-] _λ - [CH ₂ - [CH (OH)] _p -CH ₂ -O) ^ - (0 (0)] ^ - R ² ( I) in which, R ¹ is H, alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, alkyl-C (O) -, wherein the alkyl portion contains 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl-C (O ) - in which the alkenyl radical contains 2 to 24 carbon atoms, the group CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or the group CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -, R ² is alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, CH ₂ COOH, N (alkyl) ₃ Hal, in which each alkyl portion contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or, that r = 0, additionally also CH ₂ = CH-C (O) - or CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) -C (O) -, R ³ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Hal represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, n represents a number greater than or equal to 2, p represents a number from 1 to 6 and q and r, independently of one another, represent 0 or 1, and b2) an inorganic salt of the general formula [M ^of '*' aA ^{<aa1 / to> -} to], in which: M is a zinc cation of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or zinc, and a and b, independently of one another, are a number between 1 and 6 and A is an anion of an inorganic protonic acid or an organic sulfuric acid, said inorganic salt being complexed or solvated in said polyoxyalkylene. Use of the composition of claim 25 for improving the antistatic properties of thermoplastic, structurally crosslinked elastomeric or thermosetting polymers. Use of a composition according to claim 25 for encapsulating conductors or insulating cables.