SE534440C2 - Procedure for cargo handling of containers on board cargo vessels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a procedure for handling containers (1, 11, 12, ... 1 ") on board cargo vessels (2) and then said containers (1, 11, 12, ... 1 are received stacked in vertical supports (6). According to the invention, in connection with the loading or unloading of the ship (2) in question, a (10) or other lifting device is allowed to pick up or (ll) the crane for container cargo (12) place the load-bearing intermediate support in said support (6). from respectively in stock on board the vessel in question (2). (Pig 1 + 2>

Description

20 25 30 534 440 crane, thus separately, which is not particularly rational and time-saving.

The main object of the present invention is therefore primarily to solve said problems.

Said object is achieved by means of a method according to the present invention, which is mainly characterized in that the lifting crane etc. is allowed to stop in said bearing when a container with a load-bearing intermediate support supported below is lifted from the ship towards land or when a container, as a intended load-bearing spacers are intended to be connected to, lifted towards the ship, and that container locking devices of the type intended to interconnect containers and / or load-bearing spacers in vertical joints, are arranged to be connected or disconnected at desired times after maneuvering, while at the same time allowing - current load-bearing spacers from or have the load-bearing spacers in question placed in a warehouse located next to the ship on board the vessel in question.

The invention is described below as a preferred embodiment, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which Figs. 1 and 2 show examples of different cargo handling of containers between a quay and a ship, Figs. 3-4 show examples of stacking containers on board a vessel transverse and longitudinal, Fig. 5 shows a stack of load-bearing spacers and interconnected twist lids, Fig. 6-8 shows examples of stack handling of load-bearing spacers with locking devices for this, Fig Fig. 10 shows further examples of a load-bearing spacer seen in perspective in stacking position on board a ship, Figs. 11-12 show examples of load-bearing spacers, separately or in a stack in intermediate layers, and Fig. 13 shows load-bearing spacers with further lid function.

According to the invention, which relates to a method for cargo handling of containers 1, 11, 12, ... 1 "on board cargo ship 2 and more specifically when said containers are received stacked in rows 3, 31, 32, ... 3" across 8 of the ship's longitudinal extent 4 and in longitudinal rows 5, 51, 52, .. 9, 91, 92, .. .5 "along the ship's longitudinal extent 4 in bars. 7, in connection with the loading or unloading of the ship 2 in question, a crane 10 or any other suitable lifting device is allowed to pick up or place and leave cargo support intermediate devices 11 for container support in said support 6 from, or in warehouse 12 on board, the ship in question. you gain the great advantage that you do not have to lift and transport extra between the different parking places 13 on quay 14 and on board the ship 2. Instead, you can let the crane's load stop at said bearing 12 to pick up or leave load carriers 11 at loading or unloading of the vessel 2 in question. You can also always have the warehouse with the cargo support facility 11 in question with you on board the ship and you do not take up expensive cargo space on the quay 14, but you can use e.g. a space in the form of a portion of the side deck 15 of the ship 2 along one side 16 of the ship or its two sides 16, 17. Thus, the lifting crane 10 is allowed to land with its lifting device in a said bearing. 12 when a container 1 is intended to be moved therewith and there is a supported load-bearing intermediate ll thereon for delivery or when it is desired to connect a load-bearing intermediate 11 with a container 1 which is being lifted on board the ship 2. Normally sounds six containers stacked in height in the ship between the supports 6 before a cargo support liner 11 needs to be connected to an additional container 1 which is intended to be placed on intended supports 51 above said formed stack 9 from the level 18 at the area of the ship's deck 15 and where cargo hatches missing on the ship 2. For the interconnection, container locking devices 19 are used, which are preferably of the type which relate to releasably interconnecting containers 1 with each other or with d of a container crane portable load yoke, s.k. twistlock.

Said locking devices 19, which are inserted in holes 20 located at the corner profiles of the containers 1, 11, 12, ... impact.

Said maneuvering and actuation can take place with the aid of a number of sensors 22, magnets and locking cylinders located at the area of the containers 1, 11, 12, ... 1 “and the bearing 12 for sensing the positions of the respective load-bearing spacers 11 and containers 1. and to be able to regulate associated locking cylinders to be moved to desired positions, such as open or closed position.

Joint actuation of several locking cylinders can then be effected by an interconnecting actuating mechanism, or that the locking cylinder, which is located in the middle of stored load support spacer 11 at the right horizontal level, influences said load bearing spacer 11 10 15 20 25 30 534 440 the locking device 19 in question. A number of sensors 22 may, for example, be supported by e.g. a transverse beam 81 of said upright bearing 12 and that e.g. magnets may be supported by the load-bearing spacers 11, wherein said sensor / sensors 22 may be arranged / arranged to sense when the load-bearing spacers pass the same in the upward and downward directions.

Used automatically activatable so-called twistlock 19, which are arranged to function to activate and lock together a load-bearing spacer 11 with a container 1 lowered on the load-bearing spacer 11 in the bearing 12, indication and sensing of the positions of load-bearing spacers 11 need only take place when the load-bearing spacer 11 and an interconnected container 1 are lowered into the bearing 12, in order to then be able to be disconnected from each other.

It is also possible to let the actuators activate locking devices 19 from inside a load-bearing spacer 11 in question, and locking devices 19 can be permanently supported by the load-bearing spacer and which open the locking devices 19 at the desired time.

Common to the load-bearing spacers 11, is that they all permanently support locking devices 19 both in interconnected locking position and in disengaged position.

A warning device 25, for example a lamp of the type called juice mixer, can be arranged to warn at certain positions of a container stack, etc. or to indicate that indication and locking or disconnection is complete.

In order not to damage the underlying load in containers which are stacked with one container 1 on the other container 11, etc., for example, disc-shaped said load-bearing spacers 11 are used at every 6 or 7th container in each stack 9, 91, 92, ... 9 “which are loaded in the cargo space 7 on board the vessel 2, ie at level 18 with the vessel's deck.

A device 50 intended to be applied in order to be able to carry out a procedure of the above-mentioned type for cargo handling of containers 1, 11, 12, ... 1 “on board cargo ship 2, and then said containers 1, 11, l2, ... 1 Are arranged to be able to be stacked in vertical supports 6 on board the ship 2 and extending from the ship's cargo space 7, include i.a. a bearing 12 for cargo support spacers 11 on board the vessel in question. A said bearing 12 is used when a crane or other suitable lifting device, which is arranged to lift load-bearing supports 11 for container support on intended horizontal supports 51 and containers 1 between the vessel 2 in question and a quay 14 on land with an intermediate bearing 12 for load carriers 11 on board the vessel 2 in question, in position with the intended path of movement 52 of the crane for loading and unloading. No waste of time for unnecessary shutdown etc occurs then thanks to said device 50.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, respectively, lines are shown how load handling can take place when retrieving or leaving containers 1 or load support spacers. In Fig. 1, the handling is significantly more rational.

A said bearing 12 is arranged on the side edge of the deck 2 of the ship 2 in line with the cargo movement path 52 of the crane, along one or both side / sides 16, 17 of the ship in question.

A said layer 12, which is shown in the drawings in e.g. Fig. 7 is preferably in the form of a so-called racks formed by supports along the circumference of the vertical path of movement as load-bearing spacers 11 are intended to be loaded into the bearing 12 or lifted from the bearing 12 by means of the crane 10.

With suitable sensors 24 and sensors 22 on containers 1, cargo support spacers 11, and the vessel 2 and by means of piston cylinders, and which are arranged to regulate the so-called "Twistlock" 19 or other suitable container locking devices for interconnection in the corners with containers 1 and load-bearing spacers 11 in intended holes 20 thereon, said rational handling is made possible.

Furthermore, the piston cylinders in question are arranged to activate the twist caps 19 after a certain fixed time, for example 5 seconds and that a signal, for example a lamp 25, is arranged to indicate that activation has taken place, for example locking, after which the crane 10 can be operated to continue loading / unloading containers. Thus, when it is time to load the 7th or 8th container in the stack which is being formed in the intended vertical loading supports 6 on board the vessel 2, the crane is affected to move in a loading path 52 from the quay 14 and intended thereon. cargo storage site 13 to said bearing 12 for cargo support spacers 11, where one is connected to the bottom part of the container in question with so-called twistlock 19 after which the loading quickly continues along the same path 52 to the parking place for load-bearing spacers 11 with container 1 supported thereon, after which continued stacking of retrieved containers 1, 11, 12, ... 1 “continues until the desired height is reached even above deck.

Thus, there will be no extra load handling to speak of to get the load support spacer 11 in place. The reverse order applies to the unloading of the vessel with containers 1, 11, 12, ... 1 “and cargo support spacers 11.

Because the bearing 12 is on board the ship 2, there is no problem if the ship 2 comes empty to a designated loading dock 14 for loading containers to the ship.

Cargo support facilities ll are then always available with the ship 2.

You can use Twistlock which is of the type that are spring-loaded, so-called semi-automatic, which, when immersing a container against the load-bearing intermediate, automatically connects the container and load-bearing intermediate to each other. Unloading can be done with specified cylinders or electrically, or in another suitable way with suitable means for this.

Further examples of solutions to intended problems are described below: Preliminary results We concluded that the machine equipment could consist of the following: * A 40 foot CFP and 200 mm high. The CFP must not contain any intelli- ("Container Foot Plate") approx. 2 ton weight gens, or any hydraulic or electrical components.

* A CFPR (Container Foot Plate Rack) which should preferably be mounted on the vessel, in line with the bearing it serves.

- This is to always have the machine equipment on board the ship, and not left in port.

- This is to get a short / straight moving distance for the crane.

- This is to reduce the need for a mobile electric power supply or power supply from the port to the CFPR, this can now be easily fed from the ship's MSB. 10 15 20 25 30 534 440 * A single-level fixed support in the cell controls the CFP at the specified level.

Functional description Loading of the 7th container. l. The container crane leaves the 6th container in the ship. 2. On the way back, the crane will most likely take an additional container to the quay. 3. On the quay, the crane connects the load-bearing support system to the 7th container as usual. 4. The crane lifts the container and places it gently in the CFPR on the ship. 5. The CFPR detects that an empty container (without a CFP) slides in the guides, down to the CFPs. 6. An automatic signal turns the CFP's twistlock to “lock”, perhaps after a time constant of approx. 5 s. 7. A green light comes on and the crane operator knows that the interconnection procedure is OK. 8. The crane operator lifts the container with the applied CFP to its position in the vessel. 9. The crane operator can clearly see that the container base plate is attached due to the 0.2 m overhang at its ends.

Unloading the 7th container 1. The container lifting crane connects the 7th container 1 as usual, this time also with a CFP at the bottom. 2. The crane lifts the container and places it gently in the CFPR on the ship. 10 15 20 25 30 534 440 10 3. The CFPR detects that a loaded container (with CFP) slides in the guides, down to the other CFPs or the empty rack. 4. By some automatic signal, the twist lock 19 of the CFP is turned to “unlock”, this perhaps after a time constant of about 5Äs. 5. A green light comes on again and the crane operator knows that the uncoupling procedure is OK. 6. The crane operator lifts the container without the CFP to its position at the quay. 7. The crane operator can clearly see that the container base plate is detached due to the 0.2 m overhang at its ends.

Technical data 1. 7 X 9.6 foot containers, also possible with 8 X 8 foot containers. Possibly only 6 to be under the stopper? 2. 6 X 30 ton containers with a 60:40 load provide 126 tons of reaction force on each side of the CFP 3. Support in cell control that must be a maximum of ~ 0.2 m from the reaction force with an induced static bending moment of 12 tm at each end. 4. Each warehouse is 13 containers wide. 5. ll stock is equal to ll CFPRs with 13 CFP in each 6. A CFP would be about 200 mm high => Total rack height 2800 mm 7. The standard container width is 2435 mm 8. 45 foot containers can be positioned on a 40 foot container thanks to a 40 foot foot plate, also a 45 foot foot plate. 10 15 20 25 30 534 440 ll Miscellaneous * There are three types of manual stoppers.

- Fold a beam over the corner 45 °, and rest on a support. - turn / rotate a support, 90 °.

Type hang on / off, a detachable device.

- Everything that today requires manual operation and everything that can be done automatically with the help of electric or hydraulic actuators.

* For an oversized container, the thickness of the guide T-plate must be wider, even for longitudinal supports, this was found on known container containers.

The foot plate for such a container was assumed to be of the standard 40 foot type.

Intelligent system compared to non-intelligent system The figures show a direct comparison when unloading two containers in the same stack (the 7th and 6th) with two different systems. In Fig. 1, the system described above is. In Fig. 2, the described alternative is two.

A non-intelligent rack version l. With a standard twist lock on a CFP, the locks must be disengaged manually during the unloading procedure. With a standard twist twistlock on a CFP, a manual twistlock connection is sufficient for all CFPs in the stack. If the CFPs are not connected to each other and stored in a CFPR, see image below. Can all twistlocks be turned / pulled at the same time? A non-intelligent rack can be lifted off the crane and positioned on the quay, port staff can assist during unloading of the 7th container, to get the CFP off the container (turn the twist lids).

The load-bearing spacers ll can also have an additional function. If e.g. there is a risk that certain cargo spaces 200 may be filled with water and thereby be able to cause the ship 202 in question to break and break down, it is now also possible to use the cargo support spacers 211 in question as watertight cargo hatches. Seals 275 can then be arranged along the circumference of the load-bearing spacer 211 in question. The load-bearing function as indicated above may be the same with the combined load-bearing and lid-forming load-bearing spacer 211 shown as examples in Figs. 13-15.

The invention should have been clearly described in terms of its construction and function.

The invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, in particular as regards the nature of the various parts, or by the use of equivalent techniques, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (3)

10 15 20 25 30 534 440 13 P a t e n t k r a v Procedure for handling containers (1, 11, 12, .1 ") at cargo ships (2) and when said containers (1, 11, 12, ... l") are received stacked in stacks between vertical supports (6) extending from the cargo space of the ship (7) and that in connection with the loading or unloading of the ship (2) in question, a crane (10) or other lifting device is allowed to pick up or place cargo support spacers (11) for container load support between said (6), tella support on the ship (2), characterized in that vertical support supported by the intended horizontal horizon allows the lifting crane (10) or the lifting device lifting device to stop in a bearing (12) when a container (1) with (14) (1) is referred to as the intended load-bearing spacer (ll), as intended for a load-bearing spacer (ll) and that from the vessel (2) towards land or when a container is connected to, container locking devices (19) the kind relating to interconnecting containers and / or load-bearing (11) s are mated and unloaded at desired spacers in the vertical joint, are arranged that at times after maneuvering, at the same time allowing the cargo support spacer (11) in question to be retrieved from or having the cargo support spacer (11) in question placed in the side (16, 17) of the vessel (16, 17) (12) on board the ship in question (2). Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the positions of the respective load-bearing spacers (11) are sensed by means of sensors (22) and the associated control means, for example locking piston cylinders, are controlled to desired positions, and which are arranged to regulate so-called "twistlocks" (19) or other suitable container locking devices for (21) and interconnection in the corners with containers (1) load-bearing spacers (II) in designated holes (20) thereon. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that disc-shaped load-bearing spacers (11) are used for every 6 or 7 containers (1, 11, 12, ... 1 ") in each stack (9). , 91, 92, ... 9 “).