SE511411C2 - Procedure for improving the characteristics of railway wheels and railway wheels - Google Patents
Procedure for improving the characteristics of railway wheels and railway wheelsInfo
- Publication number
- SE511411C2 SE511411C2 SE9701173A SE9701173A SE511411C2 SE 511411 C2 SE511411 C2 SE 511411C2 SE 9701173 A SE9701173 A SE 9701173A SE 9701173 A SE9701173 A SE 9701173A SE 511411 C2 SE511411 C2 SE 511411C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- base material
- surface layer
- railway
- railway wheel
- wheel
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B17/00—Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
- B60B17/0006—Construction of wheel bodies, e.g. disc wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/327—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C comprising refractory compounds, e.g. carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
511 411 2_ bl.a. vad gäller ytutmattning och dä de bibringas höga rullhastigheter och höga belastningar och da de utsättes för luft- och regnföroreningar. Detta àstadkommes enligt uppfinningen genom att det inledningsvis nämnda förfaran- det uppvisar de kännetecken som i huvudsak framgár av efterföljande patentkrav l. 511 411 2_ b.a. in terms of surface fatigue and when they are subjected to high rolling speeds and high loads and when they are exposed to air and rain pollution. This is achieved according to the invention in that the initially mentioned method has the features which essentially appear from the appended claim 1.
Genom att järnvägshjulen framställs i enlighet med nämnda kännetecken utnyttjas de goda egenskaperna av dess beprö- vade grundmaterial samtidigt som de erhàller bättre egen- skaper vad gäller ytutmattning och att förhindra sprick- bildning, orundhet och korrosionsangrepp än vad grundmate- rialet skulle kunna àstadkomma. Dessutom erhàlles ett järnvägshjul med erforderlig ytjämnhet.By manufacturing the railway wheels in accordance with the above-mentioned characteristics, the good properties of its proven base material are utilized, while at the same time they obtain better properties in terms of surface fatigue and to prevent cracking, roundness and corrosion attack than the base material could achieve. In addition, a railway wheel with the required surface smoothness is obtained.
Det till grund för uppfinningen liggande problemet löses också med hjälp av ett järnvägshjul, vars kännetecken framgär av efterföljande patentkrav 19.The problem underlying the invention is also solved by means of a railway wheel, the characteristics of which appear from the appended claim 19.
Uppfinningen skall nedan förklaras närmare med hänvisning till bifogade ritningar, pà vilka figur l med en perspektivvy illustrerar en del av ett järn- vägshjul frán vilket sädana grundmaterialdelar som kan komma att uppvisa sprickor eller uppvisat sprickor svarvats bort; figur 2 illustrerar samma vy av järnvägshjulet enligt figur l vilket kompletterats med kompletteringsytskikt; figur 3 illustrerar samma vy av järnvägshjulet som i figur l vilket kompletterats med kompletteringsytskikt med annan placering än i figur 2; figur 4 illustrerar samma vy av järnvägshjulet som i figur l vilket kompletterats med kompletteringsytskikt med annan placering än i figur l och 2; och ._ 511411 figur 5 illustrerar ett snitt av järnvägshjulet enligt figur 1 under päläggning av kompletteringsytskikt.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 illustrates with a perspective view a part of a railway wheel from which such basic material parts which may show cracks or exhibited cracks have been turned away; figure 2 illustrates the same view of the railway wheel according to figure 1 which has been supplemented with a supplementary surface layer; figure 3 illustrates the same view of the railway wheel as in figure 1 which has been supplemented with supplementary surface layers with a different location than in figure 2; Figure 4 illustrates the same view of the railway wheel as in Figure 1 which has been supplemented with supplementary surface layers with a different location than in Figures 1 and 2; and Figure 5 illustrates a section of the railway wheel of Figure 1 during the laying of completion surface layers.
Pà ritningarna illustreras en del av ett järnvägshjul 1, som skall kompletteras med ett kompletteringsytskikt. Det illustrerade järnvägshjulet 1 bestàr av ett grundmaterial 2, t.ex. stàl, och uppvisar en hjulbana 3 och en spär- fläns 4. I figur 1 betecknar 5 och 6 sàdana delar av hjul- banan 3, som utsättes för stora päfrestningar dà järnvägs- hjulet 1 rullar pà rälen. Nämnda delar 5, 6 kan exempel- vis utgöras av sàdana delar av hjulbanan 3 som uppvisar eller förväntas uppvisa sprickor som bildats eller för- väntas komma att bildas pá grund av utmattning av grund- materialet 2, exempelvis om järnvägshjulet 1 användes pà höghastighetståg.The drawings illustrate a part of a railway wheel 1, which is to be supplemented with a supplementary surface layer. The illustrated railway wheel 1 consists of a basic material 2, e.g. steel, and has a wheel track 3 and a locking flange 4. In Figures 1, 5 and 6 denote such parts of the wheel track 3, which are subjected to large stresses when the railway wheel 1 rolls on the rail. Said parts 5, 6 may, for example, consist of such parts of the wheel track 3 which have or are expected to have cracks formed or expected to be formed due to fatigue of the base material 2, for example if the railway wheel 1 is used on high-speed trains.
För att förbättra egenskaperna hos järnvägshjulet 1 bort- tages ett ytskikt 7 och 8 av grundmaterialet 2 inom nämnda delar 5 och 6. Detta kan verkställas genom att nämnda yt- skikt 7 och 8 svarvas bort eller slipas bort eller tages bort pà annat sätt. Exempelvis kan järnvägshjulet 1 i detta syfte placeras i en roterande anordning (ej visad) för att roteras i förhållande till en ytskiktbearbetnings- anordning, t.ex. ett svarvstal (ej visat). Genom att yt- skikten 7, 8 av grundmaterialet 2 tages bort uppstàr runt om järnvägshjulet 1 gàende fördjupningar 9, 10.In order to improve the properties of the railway wheel 1, a surface layer 7 and 8 of the base material 2 within said parts 5 and 6 is removed. This can be effected by turning said surface layers 7 and 8 away or sanding away or removing them in another way. For example, the railway wheel 1 can for this purpose be placed in a rotating device (not shown) to be rotated in relation to a surface layer processing device, e.g. a turning number (not shown). By removing the surface layers 7, 8 of the base material 2, depressions 9, 10 arise around the railway wheel 1.
Järnvägshjulet l kan därefter placeras i en annan rote- rande anordning (ej visad) för att roteras i förhállande till ett aggregat 11. Detta är avsett att utsätta grund- materialet 2 vid fördjupningarna 9, 10 för värmestrálning, företrädesvis för högenergistrálning i form av laserstràl- ning 12, för att smälta nämnda grundmaterial 2 i fördjup- ningarnas 9, lO botten.The railway wheel 1 can then be placed in another rotating device (not shown) to be rotated relative to an assembly 11. This is intended to expose the base material 2 at the depressions 9, 10 to heat radiation, preferably to high energy radiation in the form of laser beam. 12, to melt said base material 2 in the bottom of the depressions 9, 10.
Aggregatet 11 är avsett att, samtidigt som nämnda grund- material 2 bringas smälta, till smältan 13 tillföra ett 511411 eller flera tillsatsmaterial 14, 15 av sádan typ att det när smältan 13 kallnat bildas kompletteringsytskikt 16, 17 med andra egenskaper än grundmaterialet 2.The assembly 11 is intended to supply, at the same time as said base material 2 is melted, to the melt 13 a further additive material 14, 15 of such a type that when the melt 13 has cooled, supplementary surface layers 16, 17 with properties other than the base material 2 are formed.
Denna smältning och materialtillförsel sker sà att kom- pletteringsytskikten 16, 17 bildas av làngsträckta strängar 18, som uppkommer genom att nämnda smälta 13 bildas och fär stelna. Strängarna 18 kan placeras sä tätt intill varandra att de delvis överlappar varandra (sàsom visas i figurerna 2 och 4) eller placeras med sädana mellanrum 19 i förhållande till varandra att järnvägs- hjulet 1 i nämnda mellanrum 19 har en ytteryta 20 av grundmaterial 2.This melting and material supply takes place so that the supplementary surface layers 16, 17 are formed by elongate strands 18, which arise by said melt 13 being formed and solidified. The strings 18 can be placed so close together that they partially overlap each other (as shown in Figures 2 and 4) or placed at such intervals 19 relative to each other that the railway wheel 1 in said gap 19 has an outer surface 20 of base material 2.
Som exempel kan nämnas att det ena kompletteringsytskik- tet 16 kan placeras pä hjulbanan 3 nära inre delar av järnvägshjulet 1 och det andra kompletteringsytskiktet 17 kan placeras nära spàrflänsen 4.As an example, it can be mentioned that one complementary surface layer 16 can be placed on the wheel track 3 near inner parts of the railway wheel 1 and the other complementary surface layer 17 can be placed close to the track flange 4.
Vidare kan bredden A pà kompletteringsytskiktet 16 väl- jas sà att denna bredd ungefär motsvarar en tredjedel av hjulbanans 3 hela bredd B och bredden C pà kompletterings- ytskiktet 17 kan väljas sä att denna bredd är mindre än ovannämnda bredd A. Kompletteringsytskikten 16, 17 kan placeras pà sàdant avstànd fràn varandra att det mellan dem bildas ett mellanrum 21 med en ytteryta 20 av grund- material 2 och detta mellanrum 21 kan väljas att uppvisa en bredd D, som är nagot mindre än bredden A pà komplette- ringsytskiktet 16.Furthermore, the width A of the completion surface layer 16 can be selected so that this width corresponds approximately to one third of the entire width B of the wheel track 3 and the width C of the completion surface layer 17 can be selected so that this width is less than the above-mentioned width A. The completion surface layers 16, 17 can are placed at such a distance from each other that a gap 21 is formed between them with an outer surface 20 of base material 2 and this gap 21 can be chosen to have a width D, which is slightly smaller than the width A of the completion surface layer 16.
Strängarna 18 kan placeras sä att de sträcker sig runt järnvägshjulet l (som visas i figurerna 2 eller 3) eller sä att de sträcker sig snett i förhàllande till järnvägs- hjulets 1 axel och har en vinkel a pà 20-90° i förhal- lande till denna axel (vars riktning är markerad med A i figur 4). 5_ 511411 Till smältan 13 kan tillföras sàdant eller sàdana till- satsmaterial 14, 15 att kompletteringsytskiktet eller -skikten 16, 17 bl.a. medger a) bättre sprickbildningsmotstáende egenskaper än vad grundmaterialet 2 medger och/eller b) bättre ytutmattningsmotstàende egenskaper än vad grundmaterialet 2 medger och/eller c) bättre egenskaper att bevara den cirkulära formen pà hjulbanan 3 än vad grundmaterialet 2 medger och/ /eller d) bättre egenskaper att motverka korrosion än om järn- vägshjulet 1 endast bestàr av grundmaterialet 2.The strings 18 can be placed so that they extend around the railway wheel 1 (shown in Figures 2 or 3) or so that they extend obliquely with respect to the axis of the railway wheel 1 and have an angle α of 20-90 ° in relation to this axis (the direction of which is marked with A in Figure 4). 5_ 511411 Such or such additional material 14, 15 can be added to the melt 13 that the supplementary surface layer or layers 16, 17 i.a. allows a) better cracking resistance properties than the base material 2 allows and / or b) better surface fatigue resistance properties than the base material 2 allows and / or c) better properties to maintain the circular shape of the wheel track 3 than the base material 2 allows and / / d) better anti-corrosion properties than if the railway wheel 1 consists only of the base material 2.
Till smältan 13 kan dessutom tillföras sàdant eller sadana tillsatsmaterial 14, 15 att kompletteringsytskikten 16, 17 uppvisar elektriskt ledande egenskaper för att det skall kunna uppstà atminstone viss elektrisk kontakt mellan järnvägshjulet 1 och räl, som detta har kontakt med, via nämnda kompletteringsytskikt 16, 17 även om denna elekt- riska kontakt inte är lika god som den elektriska kon- takten grundmaterialet 2 kan ge.In addition, such an additive material 14, 15 can be supplied to the melt 13 that the supplementary surface layers 16, 17 have electrically conductive properties in order to be able to establish at least some electrical contact between the railway wheel 1 and rails with which it has contact via said supplementary surface layer 16, 17. even if this electrical contact is not as good as the electrical contact the base material 2 can provide.
Kompletteringsytskikten 16, 17 kan placeras sa att ytter- ytorna 20 av grundmaterialet 2 kan komma i kontakt med rälen för att ástadkomma elektrisk kontakt mellan grund- materialet 2 och rälen. Vidare kan kompletteringsytskik- ten 16, 17 placeras sa att ytterytorna 20 av grundmateria- let 2 pà àtminstone ett av järnvägshjulen 1 pà en järn- vägsvagn kommer att anligga mot rälen dà järnvägsvagnen körs pà dessa sà att det därvid alltid finns elektrisk kontakt mellan àtminstone nagot av järnvägshjulen 1 och rälen. 511411 Tillsatsmaterialet 14, 15 väljes företrädesvis ocksa i beroende av typen pà järnvägshjulets 1 grundmaterial 2 och/eller den nivà av ovannämnda förbättrande egenskaper man önskar. Sålunda kan tillsatsmaterialet 14, 15 vara en metall, en metallegering eller en metallblandning och/ /eller àtminstone en keram. Nämnda metallmaterial 14 kan exempelvis vara järn, kobolt eller nickel och nämnda ke- ramer 15 kan exempelvis vara volframkarbid, titankarbid, vanadin, neobkarbid eller tantalkarbid.The supplementary surface layers 16, 17 can be placed so that the outer surfaces 20 of the base material 2 can come into contact with the rail to establish electrical contact between the base material 2 and the rail. Furthermore, the supplementary surface layers 16, 17 can be placed so that the outer surfaces 20 of the basic material 2 on at least one of the railway wheels 1 on a railway carriage will abut against the rails when the railway carriage is driven on them so that there is always electrical contact between at least some of railway wheels 1 and rails. The additive material 14, 15 is preferably also selected depending on the type of base material 2 of the railway wheel 1 and / or the level of the above-mentioned improving properties desired. Thus, the additive material 14, 15 may be a metal, a metal alloy or a metal mixture and / or at least one ceramic. Said metal material 14 may be, for example, iron, cobalt or nickel and said ceramics 15 may be, for example, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, vanadium, neob carbide or tantalum carbide.
Uppfinningsförfarandet och uppfinningsföremàlet är inte begränsat till denna beskrivning eller bifogade ritningar utan kan variera inom ramen för efterföljande patentkrav.The method of the invention and the object of the invention are not limited to this description or accompanying drawings but may vary within the scope of the appended claims.
Som ej närmare beskrivna alternativ kan nämnas att ett eller flera kompletteringsytskikt 16, 17 kan anordnas pä spàrflänsen 4, att järnvägshjulet 1 kan förses med ett eller flera kompletteringsytskikt 16, 17 pä spàrflänsen 4, att de nämnda fördjupningarna 9 och 10 lämpligen kan fyl- las med kompletteringsytskikt 16, 17 sä att kompletterings- ytskiktens 16, 17 ytterytor 22, eventuellt efter tilljäm- nande ytbehandling, exempelvis slipning, kommer att ligga i nivá med ytterytorna 20 av intilliggande grundmaterial 2 och att de ställen av järnvägshjulet 1 som skall förses med kompletteringsytskikt 16, 17 förvärmes.As not described in more detail, it can be mentioned that one or more completion surface layers 16, 17 can be arranged on the track flange 4, that the railway wheel 1 can be provided with one or more completion surface layers 16, 17 on the track flange 4, that the mentioned depressions 9 and 10 can suitably be filled. with supplementary surface layers 16, 17 so that the outer surfaces 22 of the supplementary surface layers 16, 17, possibly after leveling surface treatment, for example sanding, will be level with the outer surfaces 20 of adjacent base material 2 and that the places of the railway wheel 1 to be provided with supplementary surface layers 16, 17 is preheated.
Claims (23)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9701173A SE511411C2 (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1997-04-01 | Procedure for improving the characteristics of railway wheels and railway wheels |
PCT/SE1998/000586 WO1998043834A1 (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-30 | Method for improving the properties of railway wheels and railway wheel |
EP98914206A EP0971825A1 (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-30 | Method for improving the properties of railway wheels and railway wheel |
JP54156398A JP2001517177A (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-30 | Method of improving characteristics of railway vehicle wheel and railway vehicle wheel |
AU68613/98A AU6861398A (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-30 | Method for improving the properties of railway wheels and railway wheel |
BR9808634-0A BR9808634A (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-03-30 | Method for improving the properties of railroad wheels and railroad wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9701173A SE511411C2 (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1997-04-01 | Procedure for improving the characteristics of railway wheels and railway wheels |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SE9701173D0 SE9701173D0 (en) | 1997-04-01 |
SE9701173L SE9701173L (en) | 1998-10-02 |
SE511411C2 true SE511411C2 (en) | 1999-09-27 |
Family
ID=20406379
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SE9701173A SE511411C2 (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1997-04-01 | Procedure for improving the characteristics of railway wheels and railway wheels |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0971825A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001517177A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6861398A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9808634A (en) |
SE (1) | SE511411C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998043834A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2786129B1 (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 2000-12-29 | Alstom Tech | SAFETY WHEEL, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A WHEEL AND BOGIE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A WHEEL |
EP2844420A4 (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2015-12-16 | Craig Mercier | Method and system for retreading track wheel |
KR101470481B1 (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2014-12-08 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Coating wheel for railway vehicle |
GB2553097A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-02-28 | Bae Systems Plc | Additive layer manufacturing |
AU2022446867A1 (en) | 2022-03-14 | 2024-09-19 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Railway wheel, and wheelset for railway vehicles |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2610157C2 (en) * | 1976-03-11 | 1986-09-18 | Elaugen GmbH Schweiß-und Schleiftechnik, 4300 Essen | Rail vehicle wheel |
SE422550B (en) * | 1978-01-10 | 1982-03-15 | Asea Ab | WHEELS FOR RELAYING VEHICLES |
DE3509582C1 (en) * | 1985-03-16 | 1986-02-20 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München | Metal wheel, in particular a railway wheel |
-
1997
- 1997-04-01 SE SE9701173A patent/SE511411C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-03-30 WO PCT/SE1998/000586 patent/WO1998043834A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-30 EP EP98914206A patent/EP0971825A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-03-30 BR BR9808634-0A patent/BR9808634A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-30 JP JP54156398A patent/JP2001517177A/en active Pending
- 1998-03-30 AU AU68613/98A patent/AU6861398A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2001517177A (en) | 2001-10-02 |
WO1998043834A1 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
EP0971825A1 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
SE9701173L (en) | 1998-10-02 |
SE9701173D0 (en) | 1997-04-01 |
AU6861398A (en) | 1998-10-22 |
BR9808634A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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NUG | Patent has lapsed |