RU89899U1 - PROTECTED ACCESS SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The access system to the protected object, which provides identification of a person by personal characteristics - assigned to a personal access code and / or individual biometric characteristics, automatic control of the set access parameters and automatic access control to the protected object, including a limited number of individual identification passes for access to the protected object , each of which contains information identifying a particular person, as well as at least one equipped with a control- checkpoint with peripheral devices, including at least two gateway devices with automatic access control to the guarded object by individual identification badges with controlled barriers installed at the entrance and exit of the gateway device, means of controlling individual face parameters, such as weight, weight measuring control device, and / or biometric, through at least one biometric control device, for example, biometric scanners installed in each gateway device, as well as additional control devices for prohibited items, substances, materials selected from the group: metal detectors, and / or detectors of explosives, and / or detectors of radioactive materials, at least one operator panel designed to monitor and control the operation of gateway devices, the system also contains at least one central control device designed to specify peripheral work programs

Description

The proposed invention relates to systems for providing controlled access to a guarded object. In particular, such systems are designed to organize automatic control of employees' passage through checkpoints (checkpoints) of industrial, administrative and other facilities, as well as in separate zones and rooms inside these facilities.

Checkpoints and control systems for checkpoints are known in the art. So the invention according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 22787821 relates to technical means of physical protection, namely, to automated checkpoints. The checkpoint consists of a fixed part in the form of a metal frame formed on both sides by vertical walls of the passage formation, in the center - by a vertical blocking wall, on top - by two load-bearing frames with control mechanisms, from below - by two weighing platforms. Two of the three blocking rotor leaves are made with the possibility of blocking the passage zones on both sides with the formation of two physical barriers to unauthorized entry by breaking open the blocking rotor leaves and with the possibility of forming closed zones together with the walls of the passage formation - gateways with controlled input and output. The disadvantage of this solution is the insufficient automation of the checkpoint, as well as the lack of automatically controlled access control to the object, preventing the penetration of prohibited items, substances.

Transmission automation means are known, for example, from the invention of RF patent No. 2058590, where the device contains two information input units, actuators, actuator control units, a register, a memory unit, radiation sources, photodetectors, a pulse distributor, a generator, OR elements, AND , NOT, alarm blocks, scoreboard, counters, trigger. Each input block contains blocks for reading information from a pass and a sensor for the presence of a pass. The radiation sources and the corresponding photodetectors are photocells. Each leaf block contains an information input unit, an actuator, an alarm unit, a display, an actuator control unit. However, this decision is also not without drawbacks associated with the lack of centralized management, as well as the accounting and control of access for specific persons, in addition, there is no control of the transport of prohibited items and substances.

Foreign control systems for access to protected objects are also known, for example, from published Japanese applications JP 2004-318576, JP 2000-315271, JP 10-266650, JP 2000-315271.

The closest analogue is the invention according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2247361, which relates to security systems for access control in secure premises. The NQR detector contains a receiving device, a signal generation and processing unit, N video cameras, an optical information processing device, a weight platform, a weighing device, an NQR sensor and an indicator, a transmitting device, a damping device, and an NQR sensor loop adjustment device. The person undergoing inspection is placed in a double-walled cabin and is located on a weighing platform placed inside the cabin, the inner wall of which is made of a dielectric, and the external wall is a screen, the contour of the NQR sensor is placed between the walls of the cabin.

The listed devices are intended for use in automated control systems for access to protected objects.

A common drawback of the known solutions is the lack of a single integrated solution for controlling access to the protected facility, taking into account the particular security regime and access control systems of the facility, providing the ability to analyze and control the level of anxiety in the situation, the versatility and automation of the system for collecting, processing and storing information, operational response, while simplicity of setup, maintenance and operation.

The problem to which the proposed invention is directed is to create a universal system for providing and controlling access to a guarded object, ensuring reliability and efficiency of work on managing and controlling access, reliability of information, ease of use, ease of maintenance, and a high degree of protection of the object. In addition, the access control system should ensure the speed of decision-making, for example, when working with visitors who are not employees, including delegations of inspection organizations, etc.

To solve this problem, a system for monitoring and controlling access to a guarded object is provided, which provides identification of a person by personal characteristics - an assigned personal access code and / or individual biometric features, automatic control of the set access parameters and automatic access control to the guarded object, including a limited number of individual identification passes for access to the protected object, each of which contains information identifying the identifier the person, as well as at least one equipped checkpoint with peripheral devices, including at least two gateway devices with automatic access control to the protected object by individual identification passes with controlled barriers installed at the entrance and exit a gateway device, means for controlling individual face parameters, such as weight, by means of a weight measuring control device, and / or biometric, by means of at least one a biometric control device, for example, a biometric scanner, installed in each gateway device, as well as additional control devices for prohibited items, substances, materials selected from the group: metal detectors and / or detectors of explosives and / or detectors of radioactive materials, at least , one operator panel for monitoring and controlling the operation of the gateway devices, the system also includes at least one central control device The property is intended for setting the working programs of peripheral devices, storing information, including identifying a person with an individual pass, generating control, management and access data for the protected object, including at least one control device for controlling peripheral devices and the system in general, at least one communication unit of this control device with peripheral devices.

As a peripheral device, the system may additionally contain a document registration console, designed to control the issuance and / or return of material assets and documents at the guarded object. The system may also contain an access terminal as a peripheral device designed to control and control access to the premises of the protected object.

The control device, as a rule, includes control computers, service computers, a database server, network equipment for a local area network, which includes network cards and a common network hub, uninterruptible power supplies. At the same time, the control computers are installed at the checkpoints they serve, and the service computers are installed in units participating in operations for entering and outputting relevant information. Control computers are intended for direct control of peripheral devices, they contain all the working programs for controlling each peripheral device and data (identification and access rights) for each person with an individual pass, while all passages of individuals with individual passes through the checkpoint are recorded in the control computer point, as well as violations, if any during the passes, the data for each person with an individual pass are loaded into the control computer from the database server to ing they do with the service computer, the information about all the passages from the control computer transmitted to and stored on the database server and is available through the service computers.

It is advisable that for the maintenance of each checkpoint has its own control computer.

Service computers are designed to enter information identifying a person with an individual pass, maintain a database of the entire system, prepare individual passes, process and display data on passes through a checkpoint to a guarded object.

The controlled barriers of the lock device, as a rule, are two rotary self-closing doors and / or doors located on opposite sides of the lock device.

In the internal space of the gateway device between the shutters and / or doors, which is a control zone, a weight measuring control device is placed that performs, inter alia, the function of checking that there is only one person and objects left in the control zone, as well as an information input panel with a board governing the passage through the gateway device.

On the outside of the doors and / or doors there are readers of information, for example, personal access codes contained on individual passes, as well as indication elements governing the procedure for entering the gateway device.

Video cameras can be installed inside the gateway device and / or outside for television monitoring of events in the control zone and / or at the territory of the checkpoint.

The operator’s console additionally provides control over the technical condition of the gateway device, displays alarm situations arising in the gateway device, has the ability to remotely release the persons detained in it, and set up simultaneous opening and simultaneous blocking of all gateway devices in necessary situations. At the same time, the operator’s console is installed in a secure cabin, located next to the gateway devices, while the secure cabin contains a secure transmission unit, which serves for the possibility of presenting an individual pass and / or other identification documents to the duty officer at the checkpoint.

The database server is used to store information necessary for automatic control of access to a protected object or exit from it by a person for an individual pass, this information, in particular, may include: an individual code assigned to a particular person, the weight of this person, biometric parameters of this persons, photo and passport data of this person, shift number and / or interval of the allowed time spent at the protected object of this person, work schedule or certain working days on which this person allowed to pass and finding at the site, the interior zones and checkpoints facility, which allowed the passage to the individual.

Portal metal detectors are installed on both sides of the gateway device, or the controlled barriers of the gateway device are made with metal detectors, i.e. metal detectors connected to the control are located along the contour of the flaps or doors.

To ensure the optimal number of gateway devices, it is necessary that the number of installed gateway devices at the site corresponds to the formula:

where

e is a correction factor that takes into account the uneven passage of employees (it is practically recommended to take e = 1.3);

to - the total number of employees in the most intensive shift, a person is taken equal to from 0.6N to N, where N is the number of employees of the facility;

p - the throughput of one automatic access control device (with radiation control - about 350 people / h, without radiation control - about 440 people / h);

t - the time during which it is necessary to skip shift employees (set by the administration of the facility), hours

The lock device may be a cabin, the doors and / or doors of which are equipped with mechanical and / or electromagnetic locks.

For access automation, each gateway device contains an automatic access device, which is a set of electronic devices consisting of two display units, an input panel for identifying personal attributes - a personal access code, a control unit, an electromagnetic lock and a position sensor of controlled obstacles, a control unit for weight measuring control a device, devices for detecting prohibited items, substances, materials, while the display unit is an individual pass absorber mounted on the panel of the gateway device, on which indicators are also installed that regulate the entrance to the gateway device, and a lock for emergency opening of the gateway device.

All external metal surfaces of the devices included in the system have ground loops.

An individual pass can be made both on optical and on electronic storage media.

The proposed system is a modern hardware-software complex with functional completeness, flexibility and balance, providing the creation of complexes of technical means of physical protection of any complexity.

In the basic version of the configuration, the system provides identification by assigned attributes. To do this, the system uses:

- individual passes;

- individual codes (PIN codes);

- weight categories.

If necessary, additional personal attributes, for example, biometric parameters, can be used for identification.

The system can also use additional monitoring devices, for example, television cameras, explosives control devices, metal detectors, radioactive material detectors (radiometers).

The system, in particular, provides:

- the affiliation of the passes shown to the facility at the facility and their validity at the facility;

- Pass on the presented pass only one person;

- identification (identification) of the person passing;

- checking the compliance of the moment of presentation of the pass with the time interval allowed for the passage;

- the use of permanent, temporary and one-time passes;

- the exception of the exit from the facility of persons who did not hand over documents of a confidential nature received for work, material assets, objects or substances, the removal of which is prohibited outside the facility;

- implementation of access control to specially protected internal zones;

- control of access of authorized persons to categorized premises of internal zones;

- blocking (retention) passing under a negative control result;

- permission to pass with a positive decision on the possibility of access;

- unimpeded passage of facility personnel in emergency situations (fire, explosion, etc.);

- the exclusion of unauthorized transport (transport) through the checkpoint of radioactive substances;

- registration of all facts of passage and attempts of unauthorized overcoming of access devices or control zones;

- accumulation and systematization of information entering the system and its documentation;

- joint operation with other systems participating in the work of a complex of technical means of physical protection (KTSFZ) of the facility;

- control of the main actions of the operational staff participating in the work of the KTSFZ;

- control of the time spent by people at the facility, including the time of entry and exit through the checkpoint.

The system, in particular, has the following features:

- maintenance of one control PC of several peripheral devices, as a rule, up to 24;

A peripheral device is understood to mean any device (automatic control device, operator panel, registration panel, peripheral controller, etc.) connected via a radial interface to a control device (UU);

- maintenance of several hundred door terminals, usually up to 480 (20 terminals with one peripheral controller);

- hot reserve control PC;

- the use of both optical and electronic passes, as well as passes made using proximity technology;

Passes made using other technologies may also be used in the system.

- services to several thousand employees, as a rule, up to 16,000;

- organization of up to 127 work shifts (permitted time intervals);

- Organization of several access zones, usually up to 24.

The radiation monitoring devices used in terms of the quality and quantity of detectable fissile materials (DM) and the probabilistic indicators of false detection of DM must meet the requirements for radiation pedestrian portal monitors of category IIIP according to OST 95 10539-97.

The system operates as follows.

The system contains control devices (CU) and peripheral devices. Each peripheral device is connected to the control unit, for example, using a standard radial interface (20 mA current loop).

UU is intended, in particular, for setting up work programs of peripheral devices, storing identification attributes assigned to the facility’s employees, as well as generating time-keeping data and regime monitoring. The composition of the UU, in particular, includes:

- control PCs, which are used as PC system blocks such as IBM PC;

- service PCs, which use IBM PC type computers, with a monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer connected;

- network equipment for a local area network, including network cards installed in each PC, and a common network hub;

- adapter board blocks (BPA);

- uninterruptible power supplies.

The control device is distributed. Managing PCs are installed at the checkpoints they serve, and service PCs are installed in units participating in operations for entering and outputting relevant information.

The control PC is designed for direct control of peripheral devices. It contains all the work programs for managing each peripheral device and data (identification and access rights) for each employee. In the control PC, all passes through peripheral devices are recorded, as well as violations, if any, during the passes. Data for each employee in the control PC are downloaded from the service PC. Information about all passes from the control PC is transmitted to the service PC.

The control PC usually serves one checkpoint. To increase the reliability of the checkpoint operation, it is possible to use a second control PC in the hot standby mode. In this case, the transfer of control of the second PC occurs automatically when the connection between the PC and the BPA is lost or by command from the service PC.

Service PCs are designed to enter data on employees, to maintain a database, prepare passes, process and display pass data, etc. If the object is small (i.e., one checkpoint with one control PC), then all the functions of service PCs can perform one service PC, which is an IBM PC type computer. At the same time, the service PC does not need to be kept constantly on, it is enough to turn it on when entering any data, receiving inquiries, etc.

For large objects, the functions of service PCs are divided among several PCs of the type IBM PC. Firstly, a PC is allocated for the server. The database is installed on the server. The server must be constantly on. Its functions also include receiving messages about completed passes at some checkpoints and transmitting this information to other checkpoints, which allows when passing through one checkpoints to take into account passages through other checkpoints (to avoid re-passage). The server must be placed in a secure room, the access of persons to which should be limited.

Other service PCs are assigned the functions of workstations, on the basis of which workstations are organized, which, in turn, are located in the premises of services serving the system.

Communication between personal computers (control and service) is carried out via a local area network (LAN) type Ethernet.

The control PC via the RS232C interface is connected to the adapter board block (BPA). The BPA organizes up to 24 channels with an IRPS interface for connecting peripheral devices to the host PC.

To organize a checkpoint at the entrance to the facility (external checkpoint), automatic control devices (UAK) are used.

UAK is a lock device equipped with two rotary self-closing shutters located: one from the protected area, the other from the unguarded zone of the checkpoint hall. In the space between the flaps, which is a control zone, a weighing device is placed to check if there is only one person in the control zone, an information input panel with a panel that regulates the passage procedure, and radiation monitoring sensors.

Near the cusps on the outside of the UAK are the readers of the codes recorded in the passes (number of passes). The design of the UAK provides for the possibility of installing a video camera inside it for television monitoring of events in the control zone.

To monitor the operation of the UAK, an operator console (software) is used.

The software allows you to control the technical condition of the UAK, provides a display of alarm situations that occur in the UAK, has the ability to remotely release the detained employees, set the simultaneous opening and simultaneous blocking of all UAK in the necessary situations.

The software is installed in a secure cabin, located next to the UAK, so that a person in the control zone of this UAK can communicate directly with the duty officer at the checkpoint located in the cabin.

Thus, it is possible to check documents on duty at the checkpoint with employees passing through the UAK.

The software exists in several versions, allowing to serve up to 16 UAK.

Access control to the inner zone can also be arranged using the automatic door access control device (UPA). UPA controls the door that blocks the entrance to the inner zone. With such organization of control in the internal zone, the possibility of unauthorized passage of an employee who does not have access to the zone, while simultaneously passing with the employee who has access to the zone, is not excluded. But the UPA protects against the passage of random persons without witnesses. Monitoring the status of the UPA can be done using software.

To control access to individual rooms, door terminals (TD) can be used. TD is installed in the immediate vicinity of the controlled door. There are modifications of the AP, for monitoring only the entrance to the room and monitoring both the entrance to the room and the exit from the room.

TDs are connected to the peripheral controller (CP), which, in turn, is connected to the host PC via the BPA. Up to 20 TDs can be connected to one gearbox. APs are connected via a two-wire trunk interface.

The document registration console (DIA) is intended for the issuance of the necessary information of the security department (or warehouse) in UU in order to exclude employees who did not submit documents of a confidential nature (material values) from the facility.

All employees of the facility are issued passes that are constantly kept in their hands.

There are several types of passes: permanent, temporary, one-time, automobile.

Permanent passes are issued to employees who are constantly working at the facility.

Temporary passes are issued to persons who have arrived at the facility on a business trip for a long time.

One-time passes are issued to visitors who have arrived at the facility for one day.

Car passes are issued for a car, if there is a need to control the vehicle (in this case, the driver must have his permanent pass).

Before issuing a pass to an employee, an employee of the pass office in the database located on the service PC records information necessary for automatic control of the passage of this employee. This information mainly includes:

- individual code;

- employee weight;

- biometric parameters of the employee;

- number of the work shift (i.e., in fact, the interval of the allowed time spent at the facility);

- work schedule (i.e. working days on which the employee is allowed to enter the facility) are indicated;

- the internal areas of the facility into which the employee is allowed to enter;

- employee unit number.

For temporary passes, the expiration date of the pass is entered.

If necessary, a pass can be issued to a car or other vehicle. At the same time, the relevant details of the car (board number, make, etc.) are entered.

When issuing a one-time pass, the interval of the allowed time spent at the facility is entered.

All passes have the same basis, for example, proximity card or document cassette.

Passage through the UAK for permanent and temporary passes is as follows. The employee presents a pass to the reader located outside the UAK. In this case, the UAK for the read pass number requests data from the UA. The UM checks the eligibility of the employee to be in the zone from which the request came, access rights to the zone to which he wants to go, and also the compliance with the permissive time intervals. If the result of the checks is positive, the UA sends the requested data to the UAK. The UAK conducts the passage procedure independently. The UAK unlocks the sash, lets the employee into the control zone and then blocks it inside the control zone. Inside the control zone, the employee is on a weight platform. After dialing an individual code and reading biometric parameters (if biometric control equipment is installed in the UAK), the UAK compares the results with the received data from the UA. At the same time, the UAK can measure radiation, for example, using four sensors located at the top, bottom, and also on the sides, in order to detect sources of radiation. If the comparison result is positive and there are no radiation sources inside the control zone, the UAK will unlock the opposite wings, giving the employee the opportunity to exit the UAK. After the employee leaves, the UAK transmits information about the passage to the UA. If the result of comparison or detection in the control zone of radiation sources is negative, the UAK delays the employee and transmits information about the fact and reason for the detention to the UA. UU sends this information to the operator’s console to alert the duty officer at the checkpoint. The person on duty at the checkpoint decides to release the detainee in one direction or another. The detainee can be released with the help of a special key (if there is an assistant at the checkpoint duty officer), or remotely from the operator’s console. The fact of release together with the indication of the party to which the employee detained in the UAK was released is transferred to the UU.

Entrance to the facility and exit from the facility by one-time passes is carried out through the UAK, located in the immediate vicinity of the software. Entrance to the UAK is the same as for permanent passes. But after the visitor enters, the UAK sends information that the visitor with a one-time pass is in the control zone. This information through UU goes to software on duty at the checkpoint. Next, the duty officer at the checkpoint visually checks the documents presented by the visitor, and with the software issues a command to unlock the UAK. Upon exiting the facility, the duty officer at the checkpoint after checking documents removes a one-time pass.

The passage through the door controlled by the UPA is as follows. After the employee presents a pass to the reader, the UPA sends a request for permission to pass on this pass to the UU (control PC). In case of a positive decision that came from the control unit after checking the authorization data, the UPA unlocks the door for the time of passage, but no more than 30 seconds, if the decision is negative, the door remains locked. The UPA has a certain output in the form of dry contacts, allowing you to turn on the video recording equipment whenever the door is unlocked (moreover, both authorized and unauthorized, for example, when breaking, etc.).

When using the document registration console, the system excludes the exit from the facility of employees who did not pass secret documents or reported material values. At the sites of reception and issuance of documents (material values), the employee of this section has the opportunity to enter into UU information on the number of documents (material values) taken and handed over by a particular employee. When each employee leaves the facility through a UAK located at an external checkpoint, an analysis is made of the number of issued documents (material assets) stored in the memory of the management unit. If this number is greater than zero, then the employee is not issued from the facility, and he is given the right to return for the delivery of documents (material assets).

Passage control in separate rooms equipped with TD is carried out as follows. When entering data on employees, the database indicates the premises into which the employee is allowed to enter. It should be borne in mind that admission to a separate room can be issued to a certain number of employees. Data about these employees from the CI is sent through the CP to the memory of the AP. The employee at the entrance presents a pass to the reader, located near the door to the room. The TD checks if there is data on the owner of the presented pass in his memory. If there is, then it sends a request to UU in order to verify the employee’s compliance with the time-zone stay at the facility. Upon receipt of a response from the SU with a positive result, the TD unlocks the door for the time of passage, but no more than 30 seconds. TD, in the event of loss of communication with the CP, goes into offline mode, which provides for access to the premises, subject to the availability of information about the pass number in the TD memory. The TD provides a battery that provides access to the premises in the event of a power failure.

The system provides registration of all completed passes by the facility’s employees, registration of the actions of the duty checkpoint on UAC management, registration of violations recorded during the employees ’passes.

Information is exchanged between the control unit and peripheral devices via shielded four-wire physical lines.

The data transfer rate depends on the length of the communication line connecting the UE with a peripheral device.

UAK are usually installed in the center of the hall of the checkpoint in one line. On one side of the UAK line there is a protected cabin of the duty officer at the checkpoint, on the other hand, an emergency exit.

If the checkpoint is located in a separate building, then the emergency passage can be omitted, and for the purpose of emergency exit, for example, use the gate of the transport checkpoint.

In front of the UAK, portal metal detectors are installed on both sides. Metal detectors are installed on the outside to prevent the transfer of weapons to the object and on the inside to prevent the removal of radioactive elements in metal containers. The number of metal detectors is determined based on the necessary transmission capacity of the checkpoint.

As a rule, metal detectors perform functionally and are not electrically connected to the UAK. Near each metal detector, a workstation for the assistant duty officer at the checkpoint can be provided, which should be a small table where metal objects can be laid out, and an alarm button. The hall of the checkpoint should be partitioned so that access to the UAK bypassing the metal detector is excluded.

An explosive detection facility and a container for seized explosives should be provided in the hall of the checkpoint.

The number of necessary UAC at the checkpoint is calculated from the requirements to ensure the necessary throughput of the checkpoint.

To calculate the number of UAK use the following formula:

e - correction factor, taking into account the uneven passage of employees (it is practically recommended to take 1.3);

to - the total number of employees in the most intensive shift, people;

p - throughput of one UAK (with radiation control - about 350 people / h, without radiation control - about 440 people / h);

t - the time during which it is necessary to skip shift employees (set by the administration of the facility), hours

In case of single-shift operation of the facility, k = N, where N is the number of employees of the facility; during two-shift operation of the facility, k = 0.8N; with three-shift k = 0.6N.

Upon receipt, by formula (1), of the number of UAK more than 16, it is necessary to reduce the total number of employees in the most intensive shift due to the introduction of additional shifts.

When receiving, according to the formula (1) in the calculations, the fractional value of the quantity of UAKs, the result must be rounded up to the nearest whole number.

The cabin of the duty officer at the checkpoint should be attached to the UAK. A secure transmission unit must be provided in the cabin for the presentation of documents to the duty officer at the checkpoint by a visitor located in the UAK control zone.

Cabin lining and glazing, respectively, must be made in a bulletproof design. Cab doors must be equipped with mechanical and / or electromagnetic locks.

The cab must be equipped with:

- a system of general, local and emergency lighting;

- hinged power board UAK and ON with protective circuit breakers (fuses);

- supply and exhaust ventilation, and, if necessary, an air conditioning system.

At the workplace of the duty officer at the checkpoint there should be a key for mechanical unlocking of the UAK.

In order to exclude the possibility of the intruder penetrating by climbing over the UAK or a protected cabin, blocking barriers should be installed above them, for example, in the form of decorative gratings.

UPA is a kit consisting of two control panels, a control unit, an electromagnetic lock and a magnetic sensor. The control unit is installed on the wall, next to the door, usually from the side of a more protected area. It is desirable to place the control unit in an inaccessible place, for example, in a wall niche or behind a false ceiling.

The control panel is a skip reader mounted on the panel. The panel also has a lock for inserting an emergency door opener. On the inner side of the panel there is a block to which a cable is connected for communication between the remote control and the control unit. Remote controls are installed on both sides of the door. To install the remote control, you must provide a special niche in the wall or make a box.

The electromagnetic lock and magnetic sensor are installed on the door frame. It should be noted that the lock anchor and the sensor magnet are mounted directly on the door.

The TD installation is in many ways similar to the UPA installation. It should only be borne in mind that usually there is only one control panel, and it is installed from the outside of the room. The control unit should not be hidden from the eyes of users of the system, since it contains an emergency door opener. In addition, there are exit buttons that are installed indoors in a convenient place for users.

UU in general can be located in several rooms.

A personal computer for workplaces of the personnel department, pass office, security services are usually used in office execution. These PCs are most conveniently installed on special computer tables in those rooms where the corresponding services are located. Uninterruptible power supplies, usually individual for each PC, are also located on these tables.

The preparation of the premises consists in the supply of power cables to the room and the installation of appropriate outlets with grounding buses (the grounding bus must be connected to the system grounding loop), as well as the connection of the LAN cables.

It is better not to use a PC server as one of the jobs. Then the PC server is more convenient to use in industrial design and install on a rack.

The scheme of the power supply system should provide automatic and manual switching of power sources, distribution of electricity among consumers, protection against overloads and short circuits, measurement of voltages and currents in the power circuits of power receivers, protection of personnel from electric shock.

As an emergency source of power supply, it is necessary to use a diesel generator station, which should be used during a long interruption in power supply.

All PCs must be fed through uninterruptible power supplies. Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) must be designed to operate in standalone mode for the time required to connect the diesel generator.

The system must have its own ground loops. All external metal surfaces of the system devices must be grounded.

All PC systems are integrated into a local Ethernet network. For this, a network switch is used, to which all PCs are connected using communication cables. If you need to increase the distance between the devices, you can use fiber optic cable.

All peripheral devices operate under the control of microprocessors built into them, operating according to programs recorded in their memory.

In the system configuration, in particular, the following basic parameters are indicated:

- minimum and maximum numbers of passes;

- facility pass code;

- the number of work shifts;

- the number of work schedules;

- the type of devices (UAK, PO, UPA, etc.) installed at the facility, and their parameters: communication channel number with the control unit, the exchange rate of the device with the control unit, the number of the zone into which the employee enters during the passage identified by the system as an input , the number of the zone into which the employee enters during the passage identified by the system as the exit, the direction of entry, i.e. the spatial orientation of the device, the direction and parameters of radiation monitoring, which will be loaded into the device before receiving corrective commands from the service PC, the number of the gearbox on which the device is installed, the serial number of the device inside the checkpoint;

- network directories through which exchanges are made between PCs.

During the operation of the UAC, the current radiation background is monitored and the message “EXCEEDING BACKGROUND” is issued to the software if the current measured background value exceeds the set threshold.

If during operation of the system in any UAK more than one false alarm is observed per day, then for this UAK it is recommended to set the next higher threshold value. Moreover, setting an overestimated background threshold does not lead to a decrease in the threshold sensitivity of the UAV to radiation sources, since during passages, the actual background value measured before the start of the passage, rather than the threshold value entered from the PC, is used to detect the transmitted sources.

To ensure the possibility of using the system, it is necessary to enter the data of the facility’s employees into the database and issue them passes.

If there is a violation of the passage procedure, for example, being in the UAK for a more appropriate time (about 40 s), attempting to open the electronic components or a negative result of identifying an employee, the message “WAIT” will appear on the remote control, and the shutters will not unlock. This state of UAK is called an “anxiety state”. In an alarming state, the indicators located under the panel with the UAK number begin to flash. This blink should catch the attention of the assistant duty officer at the checkpoint. At the same time, a sound signal is turned on at the operator’s console, located at the checkpoint duty officer, and a message appears that the UAK is in an alarm state. At the same time, the software provides information about the pass number, the owner of which is blocked in the UAK, the direction of the passage and the specific reason for the detention of the employee.

If there is a threat of attack or breakthrough, the system provides an opportunity for the duty officer at the checkpoint to block all UAK located at the checkpoint with software. To do this, the software must press the lock button of all UAK. This blocking mode is considered an alarm state of the UAK, which is reflected in the software by the corresponding indication.

In the event of a fire, etc., the system allows the duty officer at the checkpoint to simultaneously unlock the UAK located at the checkpoint with the software. To do this, press the unlock button on all UAKs on the software. This mode of unlocking is considered an alarming state of the UAK, which is reflected in the software by the corresponding indication.

System maintenance is divided into technical and operational, the latter is carried out by the security forces of the facility.

The proposed system is a modern hardware-software complex. The functional completeness, flexibility and balance of the system can serve as the basis for the construction of complexes of technical means of physical protection of any complexity.

The openness of the system allows you to integrate it with security, fire and emergency alarm systems, with a television surveillance system, process control systems, etc., and also be an integral part of a corporate information system.

Claims (20)

1. The access system to the protected object, which provides identification of a person by personal characteristics - assigned to a personal access code and / or individual biometric characteristics, automatic control of the set access parameters and automatic access control to the protected object, including a limited number of individual identification passes for access to the protected object , each of which contains information identifying a particular person, as well as at least one equipped with a control- checkpoint with peripheral devices, including at least two gateway devices with automatic access control to the guarded object by individual identification badges with controlled barriers installed at the entrance and exit of the gateway device, means of controlling individual face parameters, such as weight, weight measuring control device, and / or biometric, through at least one biometric control device, for example, biometric scanners installed in each gateway device, as well as additional control devices for prohibited items, substances, materials selected from the group: metal detectors, and / or detectors of explosives, and / or detectors of radioactive materials, at least one operator panel designed to monitor and control the operation of gateway devices, the system also contains at least one central control device designed to specify peripheral work programs devices, storage of information, including an identifying person with an individual pass, the formation of control data, control and access mode to the protected object, including at least one control device for controlling peripheral devices and the system as a whole, at least one the communication unit of this control device with peripheral devices. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that as a peripheral device further comprises a document registration console for controlling the issuance and / or return of material assets and documents at the protected facility. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that as a peripheral device further comprises an access terminal designed to control and manage access to the premises of the protected object. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device includes control computers, service computers, a database server, network equipment for a local area network, including network cards and a common network hub, uninterruptible power supplies, control computers are installed at checkpoints served by them, and service computers are installed in units participating in operations for input and output of relevant information, control computers are intended for direct control peripheral devices, they contain all the working programs for managing each peripheral device and data (identification and access rights) for each person with an individual pass, while in the control computer all passes of individuals with individual passes through the checkpoint are recorded, as well as violations, if there were any during the passes, the data for each person with an individual pass is loaded into the control computer from the database server, to which they come from the service computer, information about all the passes from ravlyaetsya computer transmitted to and stored on the database server and is available through the service computers. 5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that for the maintenance of each checkpoint has its own control computer. 6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that the service computers are designed to enter information identifying a person with an individual pass, maintain a database of the entire system, prepare individual passes, process and display data on passes through a checkpoint to a guarded object. 7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled barriers of the gateway device are two rotary self-closing doors and / or doors located on opposite sides of the gateway device. 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that in the internal space of the gateway device between the doors and / or doors, which is a control zone, a weight measuring control device is placed, which performs, inter alia, the function of checking that there is only one person in the control zone and items left in the control zone, as well as a remote control for entering information from the scoreboard that regulates the procedure for passing through the gateway device. 9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that on the outside of the shutters and / or doors there are readers of information, for example, personal access codes contained on individual passes, as well as indication elements governing the procedure for entering the gateway device. 10. The system of claim 8, characterized in that inside the gateway device and / or outside, video cameras are installed for television monitoring of events in the control zone and / or at the checkpoint. 11. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the operator’s panel additionally provides control of the technical condition of the gateway device, the display of alarm situations that occur in the gateway device, has the ability to remotely release persons detained in it, set the simultaneous opening and simultaneous blocking of all gateway devices in necessary situations. 12. The system according to claim 1 or 11, characterized in that the operator’s console is installed in a secure cabin, located next to the gateway devices, while the secure cabin contains a secure transmission unit, which serves for the possibility of presenting an individual pass and / or other identification documents on duty at the checkpoint. 13. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that the database server is used to store information necessary for automatic control of access to the protected object or exit from it by an individual pass, this information, in particular, may include an individual code, assigned to a particular person, the weight of this person, the biometric parameters of that person, the photograph and passport data of that person, the shift number and / or the interval of the allowed time spent at the protected facility of that person, the work schedule or is determined s working days, in which the individual is allowed to pass and finding at the site, the interior zones and checkpoints facility, which allowed the passage to the individual. 14. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that in front of the gateway device, portal metal detectors are installed on both sides. 15. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the controlled barriers of the gateway device contain metal detectors. 16. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of installed gateway devices at the facility corresponds to the formula

where e is a correction factor that takes into account the uneven passage of employees (it is practically recommended to take e = 1.3); to - the total number of employees in the most intensive shift, a person is taken equal to from 0.6N to N, where N is the number of employees of the facility; p - throughput of one automatic access control device (with radiation control - about 350 people / h, without radiation control - about 440 people / h); t - the time during which it is necessary to skip shift employees (set by the administration of the facility), hours 17. The system according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the lock device is a cabin, the doors and / or doors of which are equipped with mechanical and / or electromagnetic locks. 18. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that each gateway device contains an automatic throughput device, which is a set of electronic devices, consisting of two display units connected together, a remote control for entering personal characteristics - a personal access code, a control unit, an electromagnetic lock, and a position sensor of controlled barriers, a control unit of a weight measuring control device, devices for detecting objects, substances, materials prohibited from carrying, while the display unit presents an individual reader passes, fastened to the gateway unit, which also set indicators regulating entry into the gateway device and the lock for emergency opening of the sluice device. 19. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains ground loops for all external metal surfaces of the devices included in its composition. 20. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual pass is made on an optical or electronic storage medium.