RU83618U1 - SAFETY MONITORING SYSTEM OF CARRYING STRUCTURES, STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES IN REAL TIME - Google Patents

Abstract

A real-time safety monitoring system for load-bearing structures, structural elements of buildings, structures, comprising at least one continuous loading unit generating a loading signal of an arbitrarily given shape and / or frequency, a unit for determining natural vibration frequencies, a unit for measuring vibration accelerations, and / or a unit for measuring oscillation amplitudes, and / or a unit for measuring vibration velocities, and / or a unit for measuring slopes, and / or a unit for measuring deflections, and / or a unit for measuring stresses, and / or a unit load measurements, and / or a unit for measuring absolute and non-uniform precipitation, and / or a unit for measuring geodetic parameters, a processing and output information unit, an output information gradation unit for categorizing a safety level, a groundwater level measuring unit, a humidity measuring unit, a moisture meter unit , a temperature measuring unit, a unit for transmitting information to consumers, at least one uninterruptible power supply and an integrated control unit for the operability of the system and its elements, all of which I will mention s units connected to the data buses, control buses and supply rails.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of automated safety monitoring systems for load-bearing structures, structural elements of buildings and structures, as well as areas of likely natural emergency situations. The utility model can be mainly used in the creation, operation of automated monitoring systems for especially dangerous, technically complex and unique objects, as well as buildings and structures located in areas of a likely natural emergency, in order to determine the safe state of load-bearing structures, structural elements of buildings and structures, prompt notification of changes in their condition, and prevention of emergency situations.

A known method for determining the stability of buildings and structures and a system for its implementation (RF patent No. 2245531), comprising a shock device block, an electric clock pulse generating unit, an oscillation to electric signal converting unit, an analog-to-digital electric signal converting unit, a digital storage unit and a unit control of a digital storage device, an input unit for experimental and / or calculated values of surface strength and / or volumetric strength, and / or parameters of armro knowledge of structural elements of the object, and / or precipitation, and / or shear, and / or roll of the object, and / or the depth of the foundation, and / or its surface strength, and / or its bulk strength, and / or the period of natural vibrations of the soil under object and / or around it, measured at least by the first tone of the oscillations, and / or the level of groundwater, a unit for comparing experimental data with normalized data,

calculated for the construction data and materials of the test object and the composition of the soil beneath and / or around it, and a reproduction unit for the received data connected via control buses and data between themselves and with the rest of the functional blocks of the system.

The disadvantage of this system is the lack of gradation of information, the lack of the possibility of continuous operation, the lack of the ability to take into account important climatic factors that affect the safety state of load-bearing structures, structural elements of buildings and structures - temperature, humidity, groundwater level, the lack of monitoring and display of data on state changes load-bearing structures of buildings and structures in real time, the lack of an information transfer unit to external consumers m through information networks and / or communication channels.

Also known, adopted for the prototype, is a system for monitoring the technical condition of buildings and structures (RF patent for utility model No. 66525), comprising a shock device unit, a vibration sensor unit, a processing and output information unit, an object vibration acceleration measuring unit, and / or a speed measuring unit object vibrations, and / or a unit for measuring amplitudes of object vibrations, and / or a slope measuring unit, and / or a deflection measuring unit, and / or a stress measuring unit, and / or a load measuring unit, and / or an absolute and unequal measuring unit molecular precipitation, and / or control unit of cracks, joints and seams, and / or block geodetic measuring parameters and gradation output information block.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of the possibility of continuous operation, the lack of the ability to directly measure the natural frequencies of oscillations of the supporting structures, structural elements of buildings and structures, the lack of the ability to take into account important climatic factors affecting the safety state of the supporting structures, structural elements of buildings and

structures - temperature, humidity, groundwater level, lack of monitoring and displaying data on changes in the state of load-bearing structures, structural elements of buildings and structures in real time, lack of a unit for transmitting information to external consumers through information networks and / or communication channels, implementation through the unit shock device only pulsed (shock) dynamic effects on structural elements.

The technical problem, which is claimed by the claimed utility model, is the elimination of the above drawbacks - the system is constantly functioning and the buildings / structures are continuously monitored, it is possible to determine the natural frequencies of buildings / structures and their structural elements, dynamic tuning and verification of the system are provided impact on the structural elements of a predetermined shape and / or frequency; humidity, temperature, the groundwater level, consumer information is provided in real time.

The inventive utility model is a spatially distributed units, functionally combined along the lines / buses of data transmission, control and power supply in a safety monitoring system for load-bearing structures, structural elements of buildings, structures in real time.

The problem is solved in that in a system for monitoring the technical condition of buildings and structures containing an output information processing unit, an object vibration acceleration measuring unit, an object vibration velocity measuring unit and / or an object vibration amplitude measuring unit, and / or a slope measuring unit, and / or a unit for measuring deflections, and / or a unit for measuring stresses, and / or a unit for measuring loads, and / or a unit for measuring absolute and uneven draft, and / or a unit for measuring geodetic parameters, and an output gradation unit

The information additionally includes at least one continuous loading unit that generates a loading signal of an arbitrarily given shape and / or frequency, a unit for determining natural vibration frequencies of structures, a unit for measuring groundwater level, a temperature measuring unit, a humidity measuring unit, an information transmission unit for consumers, a unit moisture meters, designed to measure the moisture content in structural elements and structures, an integrated control unit of the health of the system and its elements, and not enee one UPS. In this case, all units are connected to the control bus, data transfer and power.

The real-time monitoring system monitors the integrated characteristics of the stress-strain state of the load-bearing structures of the building / structure and issues messages about the change in the stress-strain state of the structural elements, load-bearing structures of the object and the conditions of their functioning.

The monitoring system provides monitoring of hydrometeorological and ground loads, including vibration, collection, data from the measuring units required to assess the condition of buildings / structures and their structural elements. The system automatically categorizes the safety status of the supporting structures of the building / structure and the conditions for their functioning by gradation through the output information processing unit. The system automatically real-time monitors the processes occurring in the structures of objects, in the environment and in the ground for timely detection at the early stage of a negative change in the stress-strain state of structures. In addition, to control the stress-strain state of the object, the geometric and dynamic parameters of the object are controlled.

The system determines the change in the heel values of the foundation slabs, structures, roof with the help of measuring units of the slope.

The system measures the geodetic parameters - deviation from the vertical of the height of the structures.

The processing and output information unit collects data from the measuring units, analyzes it and passes it to the output information gradation unit, which categorizes the changes in the technical condition of buildings / structures, while gradation is performed in at least three categories of building / structure safety in text and color display on screens, and in sound form.

Fluctuations in the structural elements of a building / structure caused by ground movement, wind and other external factors, as well as the effect of the continuous loading unit (s), are recorded in real time by the measurement units of the acceleration accelerations of the object and / or the measurement unit of the vibration rates of the object and / or unit for measuring the amplitudes of the object’s vibrations. And the unit for determining the natural frequencies of vibrations selects the natural frequencies of vibrations of structural elements of a building / structure.

Information from these blocks in digitized form enters the processing unit and the output information.

Signals from the unit for measuring vibration velocities, the unit for measuring oscillation amplitudes, the unit for measuring slopes, the unit for measuring deflections, the unit for measuring stresses, the unit for measuring absolute and non-uniform precipitation, and the unit for measuring absolute and / or relative geodetic parameters of the elements of the object, from a temperature measuring unit, a humidity measuring unit, a groundwater level measuring unit, a moisture meter unit.

The processing and output information block contains:

- data on the design of the facility / structure, its geometric and dynamic parameters - model of the building / structure;

- strength characteristics of structural elements;

- environmental data;

- coordinate data on the location of the sensors of the measuring units;

- data on the boundary values of the integral characteristics corresponding to the violation of normal operation and the pre-emergency change in the state of the supporting structures of the building, structure for each of the specific effects and / or loads on building structures;

- information on previously measured natural frequencies of structural elements and the building / structure itself, information on the impact parameters of the shock block when determining natural frequencies;

- data on the dynamics of changes in natural frequencies and other integral characteristics;

- design model of a building / structure and their structural elements;

- model of impacts and loads for a given building / structure;

- test programs for interrogation of sensors necessary for verifying the operability of units and systems.

All data from the measuring units is digitally processed in the processing unit and the output information. The output information of the processing unit and the output information is supplied to the output information gradation unit and to the information transmission unit to consumers. According to the results of processing the measurement data in the processing unit and the output information, structural elements of the building / structure in which critical defects are identified can also be determined.

Depending on the result of comparing the current values of the integral characteristics of the building / structure and / or their structural

elements of the environment with specified boundary values, the gradation block of the output information gradients it in at least three security categories; it can be presented in text, color and / or sound form.

From the processing unit and the output information, information about the safety level of the building / structure and their structural elements is supplied to consumers.

Uninterruptible power supply (s) are connected to all units of the system. Uninterruptible power supply (s) ensure continuous monitoring by the system in the event of a power outage / interruption in the building / structure.

At least one continuous loading unit generates a loading signal of an arbitrarily given shape and / or frequency. The results of processing the data recorded by the system are used to determine the frequencies of natural vibrations of a building / structure and their structural elements, calibrate sensors, refine the integral indicators characterizing the reliability of structures, and determine the dynamics of their changes.

The built-in system health monitoring unit periodically “polls” the sensors that are part of the monitoring system units by generating and issuing test signals on them, compares the received responses with standard values and provides information on the sensors / units / system operability.

The utility model is illustrated by a drawing, which shows a block diagram of a real-time monitoring system for the safety of buildings, structures and their structural parts, where:

1 - block (s) of continuous loading;

2 - unit for determining the natural frequencies of vibration of structures;

3 - unit for measuring acceleration of oscillations of an object;

4 - unit for measuring oscillation velocities;

5 - unit for measuring oscillation amplitudes;

6 - slope measuring unit;

7 - block measuring deflections;

8 - voltage measurement unit;

9 - unit for measuring loads;

10 - unit for measuring absolute and non-uniform precipitation;

11 - block measuring geodetic parameters;

12 - processing unit and output information;

13 - block gradation of output information;

14 - unit for transmitting information to consumers;

15 - temperature measurement unit;

16 - unit for measuring humidity;

17 - block measuring the level of groundwater;

18 - block moisture meters;

19 - block integrated control of the health of the system and its elements;

20 - uninterruptible power supply (s);

21 - data bus;

22 - control bus;

23 - power bus.

This utility model is based on the use of well-known technical devices in a new functional combination.

The continuous loading unit may be linear motors.

The unit for measuring acceleration of oscillation of an object can be known technical devices for measuring acceleration of oscillations, for example, accelerometers.

The unit for measuring the vibration velocity of an object can be well-known technical devices for measuring the vibration velocity, for example, velosimeters.

The displacement measuring unit may be known technical devices for measuring the amplitudes of an object’s vibration, for example, seismometers.

The inclination measurement unit may be known technical devices for measuring inclinations, for example, inclinometers, inclinometers, clinometers.

The deflection measuring unit may be known technical devices for measuring deflection, for example, deflection meters.

The voltage measuring unit may be known technical devices for measuring stresses, for example, strain gauges.

The unit for measuring loads can be known technical devices for measuring pressure (loads), for example, pressure sensors (loads).

The unit for measuring absolute and non-uniform precipitation can be known technical devices for measuring precipitation, for example, sensors for measuring absolute and non-uniform precipitation.

The unit for measuring geodetic parameters may be known technical devices for measuring the absolute and / or relative geodetic parameters of an object, for example, total stations and auxiliary equipment.

The block for measuring the level of groundwater can be level meters and level alarms.

The temperature measurement unit can be technical devices that use temperature sensors (for example, resistance thermometers, thermoelectric thermometers, etc.), and provide information in analog and / or digital form.

The moisture measurement unit can be laser, conductive, conductometric, neutron and radiometric devices designed to measure humidity, technical

Devices using humidity sensors (e.g. psychrometers, hygrometers).

The unit of moisture meters can be technical devices that use humidity sensors built into the interior of structural elements (for example, psychrometers, hygrometers), conductive and conductometric devices designed to measure humidity. Contact and proximity sensors can also be used.

The processing and output information block may be a computer with specialized software installed on it.

The output information gradation block may be a computer with a connected monitor and speakers.

The information transfer unit may be typical equipment for transmitting information and / or information interfacing.

The built-in control unit of the system’s health can contain both an independent software module and the processing and output information block that is part of the specialized software, which is necessary for generating and issuing test signals to the system’s sensors, while checking their operability, and processing the response results.

The claimed utility model is industrially applicable, and the claimed combination of distinctive features has a new stable relationship of functional blocks, which allows us to solve the claimed technical problem with the claimed technical result.

Claims (1)

A real-time monitoring system for monitoring the safety of load-bearing structures, structural elements of buildings, structures, comprising at least one continuous loading unit that generates a loading signal of an arbitrary given shape and / or frequency, a unit for determining natural vibration frequencies, a unit for measuring vibration accelerations, and / or a unit for measuring oscillation amplitudes, and / or a unit for measuring vibration velocities, and / or a unit for measuring slopes, and / or a unit for measuring deflections, and / or a unit for measuring stresses, and / or a unit load measurements, and / or a unit for measuring absolute and non-uniform precipitation, and / or a unit for measuring geodetic parameters, a processing and output information unit, an output information gradation unit for categorizing a safety level, a groundwater level measuring unit, a humidity measuring unit, a moisture meter unit , a temperature measuring unit, a unit for transmitting information to consumers, at least one uninterruptible power supply and an integrated control unit for the operability of the system and its elements, all of which I will mention s units connected to the data buses, control buses and supply rails.