RU49860U1 - WOODEN BUILDING ELEMENT, BLOCK AND WALL OF A LOW-STOREY CONSTRUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

Declares a wooden building element, block and wall of a low-rise building made of edged or other boards. The wooden building element differs from the known ones in that on the board, dried to 12-18% humidity, grooves 2.5-3.5 mm deep are cut on both sides along the entire length, grooves 15-25 mm deep are cut on the ends, so that the protrusions of one side of the board formed in this case correspond to the grooves of the other side of the board. Chamfers up to 3.5 mm in size can be made on the side faces. The width of the edged board can be from 100 to 150 mm, the thickness is from 40 to 50 mm. A wooden building block made in the form of several edged or other boards, characterized in that the boards, dried to 12-18% humidity, are connected by metal studs with the formation of protrusions and grooves along the length and at the ends of the block due to the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the boards relative to each other friend. The wall of a low-rise structure differs from the known ones in that the indicated wooden building elements or blocks are located horizontally on top of each other with the protrusions of one element or wooden building block placed in the grooves of another element or block with the formation of labyrinth joints in the vertical and horizontal planes. This utility model provides the creation of universal building elements that allow erecting walls bearing vertical structures, partitions of any shape, thickness and profile from sawmill and woodworking waste without the use of additional gluing, cementing and sealing materials and special fasteners, which reduces the cost and simplifies construction.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely, to the erection of the walls of wooden low-rise buildings (houses, baths, summer cottages and other buildings).

Known patent of the Russian Federation No. 2144113 dated 07/12/95, "Wall elements for wooden buildings, the method of their manufacture and method of construction of wooden buildings with such wall elements." The wall element has several plank components of the same length, forming bars, which are attached to the vertical racks of the supporting frame of the building. Board components are attached side by side to the transverse elements of the strips, while the edges of the board elements are made with interacting engagement elements in the form of a groove-tongue. However, these wall elements are heavy and long, they can be transported by at least two men, they are quite difficult to manufacture and require screw connection of each element to the vertical posts and the horizontal beam element of the building supporting frame, which makes construction more expensive.

Known prefabricated building structure of buildings made of solid wood (RF patent for utility model No. 26802 from 07/09/01), containing wooden elements from boards assembled in blocks. Wooden elements are made profile with longitudinal and end protrusions and grooves of a certain geometric shape for the formation of rigid longitudinal and end labyrinth mates, preventing the displacement of wall blocks. Each block consists of two extreme and at least one central profile wooden elements, forming in connection with each other various sets of building structures, including floors, partitions and

etc. The prefabricated building structure and each of its elements are difficult to manufacture, made of expensive solid wood and require the use of additional insulation materials.

The closest is a wooden building element, a bar and a wall of a low-rise building (RF patent for utility model No. 28878 of 11/05/03). The wooden building element is made in the form of an edged board with a longitudinally arranged wedge-shaped protrusion and groove, bevels and lower and upper spacer elements. The beam is assembled from two building elements, the wall is made of beams. The element is quite difficult to manufacture, when erecting a wall, it is necessary to fill the space between the lower and upper spacer elements with heat-insulating material.

The proposed group of utility models, forming a single creative concept, also represents a wooden building element, made in the form of edged or other boards; a wooden building block made in the form of several edged or other boards and a wall of a low-rise structure erected using wooden building elements or blocks.

The task to be solved during the development of this utility model was to create universal building elements that allow erecting walls bearing vertical structures, partitions of any shape, thickness and profile from sawmill and woodworking waste without the use of additional gluing, cementing and sealing materials and special fasteners, which reduces the cost and simplifies the construction.

This task is achieved by the fact that on the board, dried to 12-18% humidity, grooves 2.5-3.5 mm deep are cut out on both sides along the entire length, grooves 15-25 mm deep are cut on the ends so that formed when the protrusions of one side of the board correspond to the grooves

the other side of the board. Chamfers up to 3.5 mm in size can be cut on the side faces of the board. The width of the edged board can be from 100 to 150 mm, the thickness is from 40 to 50 mm.

This task is also achieved by the fact that the boards assembled into a block, dried to 12-18% humidity, are connected by metal studs with the formation of protrusions and grooves along the length and at the ends of the beam due to the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the boards relative to each other.

This task is also achieved by the fact that the wall of a low-rise building in which these wooden building elements or blocks are located horizontally on top of each other with the protrusions of one building element or block in the grooves of another building element or block with the formation of labyrinth joints in vertical and horizontal planes.

The implementation of wooden building elements from edged or other boards, dried to 12-18% humidity, allows the use of sawmill and woodworking waste, which reduces the cost of construction, and also provides high tightness of the walls without the use of additional gluing, cementing and sealing materials due to intensive absorption of atmospheric moisture and swelling of dry wood for several days, while all gaps and technological gaps are selected.

The execution on the board of grooves with a depth of 2.5-3.5 mm, cut on both sides along the entire length of the board, and grooves with a depth of 15-25 mm at the ends, cut in such a way that the protrusions formed on one side of the board correspond to the grooves of the other side of the board , provides the labyrinth nature of the connection of elements in both horizontal and vertical planes, allowing effortlessly erect walls with a high degree of tightness, without the use of additional bonding, cementing and sealing materials.

The implementation of blocks from edged or other boards, dried to 12-18% humidity, allows the use of sawmill and woodworking waste, which reduces the cost of construction, and also provides high tightness of the walls without the use of additional adhesive, cementing and sealing materials due to intensive absorption of atmospheric moisture and swelling dry wood for several days, while all gaps and technological gaps are selected.

The connection of the boards with metal studs with the formation of protrusions and grooves along the length and at the ends of the block due to the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the boards relative to each other provides a solid block structure and the labyrinth nature of the connection of elements, allowing effortlessly erect walls with a high degree of tightness, without the use of additional adhesives, cementing and sealing materials.

The execution of the wall of a low-rise building, in which these wooden building elements or blocks are located one on top of the other with the protrusions of one building block of the element or block in the grooves of another element or block with the formation of labyrinth joints in the vertical and horizontal planes, provides the simplicity of building and allows you to erect walls bearing vertical structures, partitions of any shape, thickness and profile from sawmill and woodworking waste without the use of additional glue cementing, cementing and sealing materials and special fasteners.

The inventive model is illustrated using the drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of a wooden building element, Fig. 2 is a section AA of an element, Fig. 3 is a general view of a wooden building block, and Fig. 4 is a wall of a low-rise building, figure 5 is a view of the wall.

Wooden building element (see figure 1, 2) is a edged or other board 1 from waste wood sawn timber with a length of 300 to 1000 mm The width of the board 1 can be from 100 to 150 mm for the edged board, for a conventional board more than 150 mm depending on the required wall thickness, the preferred thickness of the board 1 can be in the range from 40 to 50 mm. Board 1 is subjected to intensive thermal drying to a moisture content of not more than 12-18%. On the board 1, grooves 2 are cut from both sides 2.5-3.5 mm deep so that the protrusions 3 formed on one side of the board 1 correspond to the grooves 2 of the other side of the board 1. The width of the grooves 2 should be slightly (optimally 1 mm ) more than the width of the protrusions 3 to ensure simplicity and ease of assembly of elements. At the ends of the board 1, grooves 4 with a depth of 15-20 mm are also cut so that the protrusions 5 formed in this case correspond to the grooves 4 of the other side of the board. The outer side faces 6 of the board 1, constituting the external and internal surfaces of the future wall, can be made with chamfers up to 3.5 mm in size, which gives the wall a finished, decorative look that does not require finishing with decorative plates, lining and other finishing materials.

Wooden building block 7 (see figure 3) consists of several (depending on the thickness of the future wall) edged or other boards 8 of the same size. The most optimal sizes of boards 8: length - from 1000 to 2000 mm, width from 100 to 150 mm, thickness from 30 to 50 mm. Boards 8 are subjected to intensive thermal drying to a moisture content of not more than 12-18%. On a special conductor (not shown in the drawing), a block 7 is assembled from boards 8, offset in the longitudinal and transverse planes relative to each other with the formation of protrusions and grooves along the length and at the ends of the block 7. The optimal height of the protrusions is from 20 to 30 mm. Then, in block 7, holes 9 are drilled and boards 8 are connected with metal studs (not shown in the drawing). With the length of the boards 8 more than 1 m block 7

pulled together with three metal studs. On the boards 8 constituting the outer and inner surfaces of the future wall, chamfers can also be made. If necessary, the holes 9 can be closed with decorative plugs (not shown in the drawing).

The wall of a low-rise building 10 (see Fig. 4) is constructed from wooden building elements 1 or blocks 7 superimposed on each other with the placement of the protrusions 3 and 5 of one element 1 or block 7 in the grooves 2 and 4 of another element 1 or block 7. labyrinth compounds 11 are formed in horizontal planes and labyrinth compounds 12 (see FIG. 5) in vertical planes. After 2 days, naturally expanding grooves 2 and 4 and protrusions 3 and 5 provide tight power fastening of all elements 1 or blocks 7 of wall 10. To preserve color and preserve wood, it is enough to treat the walls with one of the impregnating compounds “Pinotex”, “Tikkurila”, etc. .d. Wooden building elements 1 or blocks 7 must arrive at the construction site in a moisture-proof packaging.

Advantages compared to peers: a significant reduction in construction time, the ability to assemble structures by workers who do not have high building qualifications, the ability to use any projects for building houses, the exclusion of wall cladding on the outside and inside, the absence of additional gluing or sealing materials.

This utility model provides the creation of universal building elements that allow erecting walls bearing vertical structures, partitions of any shape, thickness and profile from sawmill waste without the use of additional gluing, cementing and sealing materials and special fasteners, which reduces the cost and simplifies construction.

Claims (5)

1. Wooden building element made in the form of edged or other boards, characterized in that on the dried board from both sides along the entire length and at the ends, grooves are cut so that the protrusions formed on this side of one side of the board and the ends correspond to the grooves of the other side of the board and ends. 2. The wooden building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves on both sides of the board are 2.5-3.5 mm deep, the grooves on the ends of the board are 15-25 mm deep, on the side faces of the board there are bevels up to 3 5 mm. 3. The wooden building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the edged board is from 100 to 150 mm, the thickness is from 40 to 50 mm. 4. Wooden building block made in the form of several edged or other boards, characterized in that the dried boards are connected by metal studs with the formation of protrusions and grooves along the length and at the ends of the block due to the longitudinal and transverse displacement of the boards relative to each other. 5. A wall of a low-rise structure, characterized in that it is constructed using wooden building elements according to claim 1 or wooden building blocks according to claim 4, wherein said wooden building elements or blocks are arranged horizontally on top of one another with the protrusions of one building element or block in the grooves of another building element or block with the formation of labyrinth joints in the vertical and horizontal planes.