RU2829612C1 - System for bypassing reinforcement outlets and changing geometry in section of vertical structures from monolithic reinforced concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of vertical structures from monolithic reinforced concrete during the erection of buildings and structures. System for bypassing reinforcement outlets and changing the geometry in the section of vertical structures from monolithic reinforced concrete includes a fixed part in the form of a formwork support element installed on the steel frame of the scaffold in the flooring gaps, and a movable part consisting of a retractable formwork support console, a turnbuckle retainer, a turnbuckle, a formwork gripper, a lower formwork attachment assembly and a removable flooring. System is designed so that to enable continuous erection of a monolithic reinforced concrete vertical structure without interruption of concreting in the places of horizontal reinforcement outlets with change in the geometry of vertical structures with length of up to 2 metres without disassembly of the formwork boards assembled into a single line. Movable part can be arranged on fixed part. Part of the fixed part flooring is made with possibility of its disassembly. Each of the parts is made in the form of a lumber flooring. Movable part is made with possibility of movement due to tightening of the installed turnbuckles to the position required for the formwork passage beyond the reinforcement outlets protruding from the structure and rearrangement of turnbuckle stops on inner plate of formwork support element to bypass protruding reinforcement outlets with return to initial position.

EFFECT: provision of possibility to bypass reinforcement outlets and change of geometry, without interrupting concreting in places of horizontal reinforcement outlets.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The technical solution relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of vertical structures made of monolithic reinforced concrete during the construction of industrial, civil, particularly complex and unique buildings and structures.

State of the art

Formwork is known (RU 2081269 C1 of 25.10.1995, IPC class E04G 11/38), which contains parallel frames consisting of vertical posts connected by diagonal and horizontal diagonals, and the connection of adjacent frames is carried out by means of crosspieces, and beams with a flat flooring are installed on the frames, and each beam is made in the form of two channel-shaped profiles, the walls of which are rigidly connected to each other by partitions with the formation of symmetrically located grooves for placing in them the bars for fastening the flat flooring, and the diagonal and horizontal diagonals are made of a thin-walled hollow profile formed in the form of a cylindrical shell having two symmetrically located U-shaped depressions along the entire length, and the vertical posts are made cylindrical and have longitudinal external projections and internal grooves, and the crosspieces are fixed to the horizontal diagonals by means of plate brackets installed in the recesses of the diagonals.

A set of volumetric-relocatable formwork is known (RU 2194831 C2 from 10.04.2000, class IPC E04G11/02, E04G3/00) for the simultaneous construction of monolithic reinforced concrete walls, floors and columns. Along with the tunnel formwork, the column and floor formwork is installed on the grab, allowing for the simultaneous concreting of internal walls, columns and floors simultaneously within the entire grab. External walls are made from scaffolds installed on the floor above the floor being erected with clamping between the floors, with a minimum of three floors behind the construction of monolithic structures of at least 3 floors. The specified technical solution is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the above solutions is the lack of the ability to bypass reinforcement outlets protruding from the walls of ceilings or buildings, etc.

The search results showed that the claimed technical solution does not clearly follow from the known level of technology defined by the applicant. The influence of the transformations envisaged by the essential features of the claimed invention on the achievement of the technical result, which affects the criterion of "novelty", was not revealed.

The invention criterion “industrial applicability” is confirmed by the fact that the technical solution relates to construction and can be used in the construction of vertical structures made of monolithic reinforced concrete in the construction of industrial, civil, particularly complex and unique buildings and structures.

The objective of the technical solution is to develop a system for bypassing reinforcement outlets and changing the geometry in the cross-section of vertical structures made of monolithic reinforced concrete, which makes it possible not to stop the concreting process in places where outlets structurally exit the reinforcement frame.

Disclosure of the essence of the technical solution

The technical solution to the above problem is to develop a system for bypassing reinforcement releases and changing the geometry in the cross-section of vertical structures made of monolithic reinforced concrete, which includes: a fixed part in the form of a formwork support element installed using overhead cranes or low-mechanization equipment on a steel scaffold frame in the gaps of the flooring, and a movable part consisting of a retractable formwork support console, a turnbuckle stop, the turnbuckle itself, a formwork grip element, a lower formwork fastening unit, a removable flooring, where the system ensures continuous erection of a monolithic reinforced concrete vertical structure without interrupting concreting at the locations of horizontal reinforcement releases with a change in the geometry of vertical structures up to 2 meters long without disassembling the formwork panels assembled in a single line, due to the division of the scaffold into a fixed and movable part, where the movable part is located on the fixed part, due to the fact that part of the flooring the fixed part is disassembled, each of the parts being a scaffold made in the form of a flooring made of lumber, and the movement of the movable part itself is carried out by tightening the installed turnbuckles into the position necessary for passing the formwork beyond the protruding reinforcement releases from the structure and rearranging the turnbuckle stops on the inner plate of the formwork support element to bypass the protruding reinforcement releases with a return to the original position. The specified technical solution makes it possible not to stop the concreting process in places where the releases structurally extend from the reinforcement frame.

A technical solution is possible where the formwork panels are installed on the fixed part of the scaffolding of lifting systems, made in the form of a steel frame, resting on a jack structure. This technical solution ensures the movement of the formwork in the horizontal and vertical directions, without stopping the concrete work.

A technical solution is possible where the system is mechanical and operates without using electricity. This technical solution does not require additional power supply to the system.

Brief list of drawings

The technical solution is explained further using the example of a specific design of the claimed solution, however, it should be clear that this example is given solely for the purpose of explaining the operation of the design and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the design.

Fig. 1 shows the position of the formwork before going around the outlets.

Fig. 2 shows the position of the formwork at the moment of bypassing the outlets.

Fig. 3 shows the position of the formwork after going around the outlets.

In this case, the reinforcement release bypass system itself consists of two parts, where the first part is fixed scaffolding, where:

pos. 1 - formwork support element, made in the form of a square pipe with welded plates for fastening with bolts from below to the beam of the lifting system, from above for installing the stop pos. 3 and inside which the retractable console pos. 2 goes; and the second part is a movable scaffold, where:

pos. 2 - retractable formwork support console pos. 2, made in the form of a square pipe with cross-sectional dimensions that allow movement inside the formwork support element pos. 1 with a minimum gap between the walls of 2 mm, with fasteners at the end, for installing formwork panels and serves as a support for a single line of formwork panels;

pos. 3 - turnbuckle stop, made of metal plates welded together in a “T” shape with holes for fastening with bolts to the formwork support element pos. 1 and pivotally to the turnbuckle pos. 4;

pos. 4 - turnbuckle - a device made in the form of a factory-made metal screw brace, which serves as a connector and is responsible for adjusting the deviation of the turnbuckle stop pos. 3 and the formwork shield pos. 5, and also fixes the latter in the design position;

pos. 5 - formwork made in the form of a factory-made product, which is a shield consisting of a metal frame with a sheet of plywood or metal attached to one side, made of metal and lumber;

pos. 6 - formwork grip - a device that is a factory-made inventory item that ensures the connection of panels to each other;

pos. 7 - lower attachment unit for formwork 5, made of a metal plate and a rod and representing the place where formwork 5 rests on retractable console 2 and is fixed to it with a bolt;

pos. 8 - removable flooring made in the form of a board made of lumber and/or plywood, with the possibility of its quick installation and dismantling if necessary;

pos. 9 - scaffolding flooring, which is a platform made of boards laid tightly against each other and attached to a wooden beam with self-tapping screws;

pos. 10 - steel scaffold frame - is a supporting element of the lifting system, on which the flooring and the system for fastening the prefabricated formwork, bypassing the reinforcement releases and changing the geometry in the section of vertical structures made of monolithic reinforced concrete are installed, along which workers move, equipment is installed and materials are stored;

pos. 11 - shield traction - a fastening element required for pulling together corner 2 or more shields, installed on the outer corners of the formwork shields, pulling them together, is a metal corner with plates and holes.

Implementation of technical solutions

In the technical solution, the following concepts are understood under the terms used:

Scaffolding is a safe work platform from which work is carried out;

Fixed scaffolding is a scaffold or part of a scaffold that does not change its geometry or location during operation;

Movable scaffolds are scaffolds that change their position in order to bypass protruding reinforcement outlets and then return to their original position;

Protruding releases are reinforcement releases that protrude from the concrete structure for subsequent concreting;

A reinforcement release is a part of the reinforcement cage that will be used during subsequent concreting;

The geometry in section is a design position that must be implemented in accordance with the geometric dimensions;

A turnbuckle is a structure that acts as a screw jack and regulates the position of the formwork or structure;

A deck is a temporary work platform constructed on top of a supporting metal frame made of lumber or metal.

Formwork panels are manufactured as a factory-made product, which is a frame connected on one side by a panel, made of metal and lumber.

The declared system is easy to operate, does not require electricity and is capable of performing the following functions:

Firstly, to bypass reinforcement releases up to 2 meters long without dismantling the formwork panels assembled into a single line, for which the system must move along the scaffolding flooring,

Secondly, to change the geometry of the wall being erected, for which it is necessary to allow deviations of the formwork panels relative to the vertical,

Thirdly, it has the ability to maintain geometric immutability when moving the decking, for which it must include reliable fastening suitable for the decking structure, while the system must allow the construction of a monolithic reinforced concrete vertical structure without interrupting concreting, including in places where horizontal reinforcement outlets up to 2 meters long are located, and changes in the geometry of vertical structures.

The system of bypassing reinforcement outlets and changing the geometry allows for continuous construction of monolithic reinforced concrete vertical structures without interrupting concreting in the locations of horizontal reinforcement outlets and changing the geometry of vertical structures up to 2 meters long. Such a solution does not disrupt the design-provided operation of the structure, ensuring the spacing of reinforcement joints provided for by the project without changing the design of reinforcement outlets.

The declared system itself consists of two parts: fixed and movable.

A fixed part made in the form of a formwork support element 1, installed using overhead cranes or low-mechanization equipment such as a hoist or cantilever crane on a steel scaffold frame 10 in the gaps of the decking 9. The gaps of the decking are obtained by laying the decking beams between the stops of the turnbuckle 3. The formwork support element 5 itself is a rod-shaped part suitable for fastening the formwork shield.

The movable part consists of a retractable console 2 for supporting the formwork 5, a turnbuckle stop, the turnbuckle itself 3, a formwork grip element 6, a lower formwork fastening unit 7, and a removable flooring 8.

The system allows the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete vertical structures without interrupting concreting in places where horizontal reinforcement outlets are located, with a change in the geometry of vertical structures up to 2 meters long, by dividing the scaffolding into fixed and movable parts, where the movable part is located on the fixed part, element by element manually or assembled in large quantities, using overhead cranes or low-mechanization equipment.

In this case, part of the flooring 8 of the movable part is disassembled, and each of the parts is a scaffold made in the form of a flooring made of lumber, and the movement of the movable part itself is carried out by tightening the installed turnbuckles 4 into the position necessary for passing the formwork 5 beyond the protruding reinforcement releases from the structure and rearranging the stops of the turnbuckle 3 on the inner plate of the support element 1 of the formwork 5 to bypass the protruding reinforcement releases and return them to their original position.

At the same time, the declared system, due to the use of two parts, operates without disassembling the panels assembled into a single line. The single line of formwork panels itself is a set of inventory panels assembled using leveling and fastening elements together along one line, located parallel to the edge of the structure being erected, as a rule, parallel to the construction axes and separated in the corners of the structure.

To bypass the reinforcement outlets, the second tier of the lifting scaffolding system is being modernized.

The modernization consists in dividing the scaffolding into a fixed and a movable part. The movable part is located on the fixed part, due to which one part, the retractable console of the formwork support 2, moves relative to the other fixed square pipe 1. Support units with turnbuckles 4 are installed on the steel frame 10 of the fixed part. The formwork panels 5 are installed on the movable part of the scaffolding 2. During the operation of the system, the turnbuckles 4 move the formwork panels together with the movable part of the flooring to a distance of no more than 2 meters in the clear relative to the plane of the vertical structure. The angle of inclination of the formwork panels 5 is adjusted using the upper turnbuckles 4.

The claimed technical solution, namely the bypass system for reinforcement outlets, is shown in Fig. 1-3, where three stages are shown, where:

- at the first stage, the system is shown at the moment of the position of the formwork 5 before bypassing the releases, while the fixed part in the form of elements: steel frame 10, elements of the stop 2 is in the design position, and the movable part in the form of elements: formwork panels 5, elements regulating the position of the formwork 4, is in the design position and works as a single whole with the fixed part;

- at the second stage, the system is shown at the moment of the position of the formwork 5 at the moment of bypassing the releases, while the fixed part in the form of elements: steel frame of the scaffold 10, wooden pastille of the scaffold 9, elements of the stop is in place without changes in the plan, and the movable parts in the form of elements: elements of the formwork 5, retractable console of the formwork support 2, turnbuckle 4, after dismantling the flooring of the scaffold 8, in this zone, we move the formwork 5 from the wall further than the edge of the protruding releases at a distance of 100 mm beyond the edges of the releases, using turnbuckle 4, and retractable console 2 of the formwork 5 support;

- at the third stage, the system is shown at the moment of the position of the formwork 5 after bypassing the releases, while the fixed part in the form of elements: steel frame of the scaffolding 10, wooden pastille of the scaffolding 9, elements of the stop, after moving away is raised above the releases, and the elements of the movable part such as: elements of the formwork 5, retractable console of the formwork support 2, turnbuckle 4, are moved to the design position of the wall of the structure, the scaffolding is restored to its original position.

The reinforcement release bypass system also includes a system for fastening the inventory formwork, which is implemented by means of jointly operating support parts of the system elements, fasteners and inventory fasteners of the formwork panels. The system consists of a lower formwork fastening unit with a rod for fastening and supporting the formwork panels to the sliding formwork support console 2 from below, rod fasteners of the turnbuckle 4 in the middle and on top of the formwork panel, and a panel rod 11.

The system ensures the fastening of inventory formwork panels during the sliding or tilting of a single line of formwork panels.

The declared technical solution will be implemented, among other things, during the construction of the buildings of the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant 2, during the construction of the machine room workshop and other buildings exceeding 12 meters in height.

This method is planned to be used in the construction of administrative buildings. In the future, the possibility of using it in the construction of multi-story residential and industrial buildings, in the construction of ironing rooms, in the construction of multi-level technological tunnels and driveways is being considered. It is also planned to construct massive columns of great height, with reinforcement outlets in monolithic beams and floor slabs, which must be left for subsequent construction of the structure. There is an opportunity to install monolithic beams of large sizes.

The declared technical solution allows:

Modernize and unify the design of MPFS, SNV-MZhBK or other lifting systems, use the method of sliding formwork (continuous concreting) when concreting structures to a great height;

Change the geometry of vertical structures and/or bypass reinforcement outlets up to 2 meters long in places where horizontal elements of a building, structure or facility are located without stopping concreting and completely dismantling the formwork panels assembled into a single line;

Significantly reduce the time required to erect vertical structures, which significantly affects the cost of work and also allows you to start subsequent work faster.

Claims (2)

1. A system for bypassing reinforcement releases and changing the geometry in the cross-section of vertical structures made of monolithic reinforced concrete, comprising a fixed part in the form of a formwork support element installed using overhead cranes or low-mechanization equipment on a steel scaffold frame in the gaps of the flooring, and a movable part consisting of a retractable formwork support console, a turnbuckle stop, the turnbuckle itself, a formwork grip element, a lower formwork fastening unit and a removable flooring, characterized in that it is designed with the ability to ensure continuous erection of a monolithic reinforced concrete vertical structure without interrupting concreting at the locations of horizontal reinforcement releases with a change in the geometry of vertical structures up to 2 meters long without disassembling the formwork panels assembled in a single line, wherein the movable part is designed with the ability to be located on the fixed part, the flooring part of the fixed part is designed with the ability to be disassembled, in addition, each of the parts is made in the form of a deck made of lumber, while the movable part is made with the possibility of movement by tightening the installed turnbuckles into the position necessary for passing the formwork beyond the protruding reinforcement releases from the structure and rearranging the turnbuckle stops on the inner plate of the formwork support element to bypass the protruding reinforcement releases with a return to the original position. 2. The system according to item 1, characterized in that the formwork panels are installed on the fixed part of the steel frame of the scaffolding.