RU2817449C1 - Method of replacing faulty wheel of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: in the method of replacing faulty wheel 1 of a vehicle, a faulty wheel is suspended, the faulty wheel is removed from the hub, spare wheel 13 is removed from the vehicle body, the spare wheel is mounted on the hub instead of the faulty wheel. When removing a faulty wheel, it is suspended on cable 5; for this purpose, gate 6 is used, which is designed to create a traction force on the faulty wheel, which is installed in supports located on the vehicle body above the faulty wheel. Faulty wheel is gripped by a cable equipped with grippers 9, the cable is wound on the gate, the gate position is fixed relative to the support, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub. Spare wheel arranged on vehicle roof on triangular lever 15 articulated with possibility of overturning on roof is removed using winch 17 with electric drive installed in lower part of rear side of body. To this end, lifting the lever with the spare wheel on the roof, passing cable 18 through the block suspended on the free end of the lever, cable is connected to the winch, the spare wheel is covered with the cable, the wheel is disconnected from the lever, winch 17 is unwound by lowering the wheel suspended on lever 15, the spare wheel is released from the cable, the spare wheel is installed on the hub, suspended on cable 5, using gate 6.

EFFECT: reduction of labour costs for wheel replacement.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical area.

The technical solution relates to mechanical engineering, to the operation of vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, and is used when replacing a faulty wheel on all-terrain vehicles in road conditions, when storing and transporting a spare wheel on the vehicle body.

Prior art.

All-terrain vehicles, trucks, snow and swamp-going vehicles are equipped with wheels whose weight can exceed the weight of a person, and whose diameter exceeds 1000 mm. At the same time, the need to replace a faulty wheel may arise during a trip, in various road conditions, where it is not possible to use lifting mechanisms, such as a crane or overhead crane. Often, replacing a faulty wheel must be done by one person.

It is well known that on SUVs and all-terrain vehicles, the spare tire is usually stored and transported outside the body - on the back door or on the hood, or on the side of the body, or on the roof. A spare wheel or a faulty wheel of an all-terrain vehicle is not easy to remove, if necessary, without the use of lifting mechanisms. Lifting and removing the wheel requires significant physical effort from several people. Therefore, vehicles must be equipped with means that allow replacing a faulty wheel on the road.

As a rule, to replace a faulty vehicle wheel, the axle with the faulty wheel is hung up, the faulty wheel is removed from the hub, the spare wheel is removed from the vehicle body, and the spare wheel is installed on the hub to replace the faulty wheel. When installing, it is necessary, holding the wheel with your hands in weight, to combine the seats and holes that allow you to install fasteners and fix the wheel (source [1]: Pustovalov B.I. How to preserve a car. 2nd edition, revised and additional. Moscow DOSAAF 1987, 208 p.; source [2]: Shestopalov K.S. Training manual for drivers of vehicles of categories “B”. Moscow, DOSAAF, 1984, 208 p. ).

There is a known method for removing a faulty wheel and installing a spare wheel (source [3]: Patent RU 183217) in which the faulty wheel requiring replacement is removed; before installing the spare wheel on the car, the wheel being installed is placed on the road surface opposite the hub; insert a pin-lever into the hole for the mounting bolt made in the wheel disk, push it towards the hub and tighten it by rotating the lever by the handle; then the wheel is lifted with a lever and pushed along the stud close to the hub; tighten the mounting bolts; The bolt is attached to the socket last after removing the lever pin; lower the car and tighten the mounting bolts.

A lever pin cannot be used to remove and install a wheel if the wheel disk does not contain a hole for the lever to pass through, since it will not be possible to hang the disk on the lever. When removing wheels weighing more than 50 kg, the force on the lever will be significant and the physical strength of one person is not always enough to remove and install the wheel. When using a stud-lever to remove a faulty wheel and install a spare wheel, there is a risk of the wheel unintentionally coming off the stud of the device, you need to hold the lever and at the same time install the fasteners, the wheel rotates on the lever and must be held in the required position.

The source [3] does not disclose how a spare wheel is stored and transported, while the storage and transportation of a spare wheel on the roof of a vehicle is known.

Removing the spare tire from the roof to the ground to replace the faulty tire is done in various ways. It is known to lift and attach a spare wheel to the roof of a vehicle using a lever and a lifting mechanism connected to a gearbox (source [4]: Patent RU 183339). The lifting mechanism with a cable is located at the free end of the lever, which is attached to the vehicle body by means of two articulated joints. The lever with the wheel is moved to a vertical plane, until the movement limiters stop with the rear side of the body. A cable with hooks is secured to the wheel. By rotating the handle of the lifting mechanism, the cable is unwound and the spare wheel is lowered to the surface of the ground.

In method [4], to lower the spare wheel, a lifting mechanism is used, with a gearbox located at the free end of the lever, which does not allow you to control the process of lowering the wheel while on the ground. To lower the wheel you must be on the roof. The method does not allow the use of a standard vehicle winch with an electric drive located on the body; there is no possibility to control the raising and lowering of the spare wheel while being in a convenient position on the ground. The location of the lifting mechanism with a gearbox and handle at the free end of the lever increases the metal consumption of the structure and makes it heavier, increases the total load on the lever at the points of attachment to the body and reduces the overall load capacity of the mechanism. The use of a lever made in the form of a pipe does not allow lifting the heavy wheels of all-terrain vehicles. To lower/raise the spare tire, the user must climb onto the roof and rotate the handle of a mechanical winch while in an unsafe position at a height, which increases the risk of falling from a height while rotating the winch handle.

Thus, means known from the prior art for lifting a spare wheel onto a vehicle and lowering a spare wheel from a vehicle have disadvantages that impair the operation of vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, snow and swamp-going vehicles, for example, the Burlak type.

Brief summary of the invention.

The technical problem is to provide the ability to replace a faulty wheel of a vehicle (all-terrain vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, truck) in road conditions.

The technical result consists in expanding the arsenal of ways to replace a faulty wheel of a vehicle (all-terrain vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, truck) in road conditions. At the same time, the labor costs for replacing a wheel are reduced; it is possible to replace the wheel by one person.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of replacing a faulty vehicle wheel, the faulty wheel is hung up, the faulty wheel is removed from the hub, the spare wheel is removed from the vehicle body, and the spare wheel is installed on the hub to replace the faulty wheel. When removing a faulty wheel, it is suspended on a cable; for this purpose, a winch is used, designed to create traction force on the faulty wheel, installed in supports located on the vehicle body above the faulty wheel, the faulty wheel is grabbed with a cable equipped with grippers, the cable is wound around the gate, and the position is fixed. gate relative to the support, remove the faulty wheel from the hub; the spare wheel, located on the roof of the vehicle on a triangular-shaped lever mounted on the body with a hinged connection with the possibility of tilting onto the roof, is removed using an electrically driven winch installed in the lower part of the rear side of the body, to do this, lift the lever with the spare wheel on the roof, pass the cable through a block suspended at the free end of the lever, connect the cable to the winch, cover the spare wheel with a cable, disconnect the wheel from the lever, unwind the winch, lowering the wheel suspended on the lever, release the spare wheel from the cable, install the spare wheel on the hub, hanging it on the cable using a collar.

To create traction when removing the spare wheel, a winch located at the bottom of the rear side of the vehicle is used; the user can freely raise and lower the spare wheel while on the ground.

Traction force is transmitted to the faulty wheel using a cable wound around a collar located at the support points above the wheel. This allows you to reduce the effort required to lift a faulty wheel, position the support points exactly above the hub, ensuring the application of traction force at the level of the center of mass of the wheel, which allows you to hang the wheel for free removal and installation of fasteners. In this case, the wheel is in a stable position and does not change it under the influence of its own weight.

The above set of features allows us to solve the problem and provides the stated technical result.

Brief description of the drawings.

The method is illustrated by diagrams that show:

fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the sequence of actions for removing a faulty vehicle wheel;

fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the sequence of steps for lowering a spare tire from a vehicle.

Specification (position designations on the drawings):

1 - faulty wheel;

2 - jack;

3 - wing;

4 - rim;

5 - gate;

6 - cable;

7 - support;

8 - support;

9 - capture;

10 - crutch.

11 - handle;

12 - stopper.

13 - spare wheel;

14 - roof;

15 - lever;

16 - hinge;

17 - winch;

18 - cable;

19 - block;

20 - eye;

21 - roller;

22 - lifting bracket;

23 - sling.

Implementation of the method.

To replace a faulty wheel 1 of a vehicle, hang the axle with the faulty wheel 1 using a jack 2. Remove the faulty wheel 1 from the hub, for this purpose the faulty wheel 1 is suspended under the wing 3 by the rim 4 using a collar 5 and a cable 6. Gate 5, designed to create traction force on the faulty wheel 1, is installed in supports 7 and 8, under the wing 3 of the vehicle above the faulty wheel 1. The gate 5 is inserted into the support 7, made in the form of an eye, and guided into the support 8, made in the form of a heel or recess in the body . Unscrew the fasteners (bolts or nuts) securing the faulty wheel 1 to the hub. The faulty wheel 1 is grabbed with a cable 6 with grips 9. The grips 9 are installed on the rim 4 of the faulty wheel 1 on both sides, in the upper part along the line of symmetry. The cable 6 is put on the crutch 10 located on the gate 5. The gate 5 is rotated by the handle 11, while the cable 6 is wound around the gate 5, and the grips 9 pull the rim 4 of the faulty wheel 1 up, towards the gate 5. Thus, the weight Wheel 1 is transferred to cable 6 and gate 5, removed from the hub. Fix the position of gate 5 in the achieved position relative to supports 7 and 8, using stopper 12. Remove the wheel from the hub by pulling it towards you. The faulty wheel is removed from the hub, moving it to the side, while the stopper 12 is removed and the gate 5 is rotated in the opposite direction, unwinding the cable 6, freeing the faulty wheel 1. To free the wheel 1, the grips 9 are removed from the rim 4.

The spare wheel 13 is preliminarily located on the roof 14 of the vehicle on a triangular-shaped lever 15 mounted on the body with a hinge joint 16 with the possibility of tilting onto the roof 14. Remove the spare wheel 13 from the vehicle body using an electric winch 17 installed in the lower part of the rear body sides. To do this, lift the lever 15 with the spare wheel 13 on the roof 14. Pass the cable 18 through the block 19 suspended by the eye 20 at the free end of the lever 15. Connect the cable 18 to the winch 17. The winch cable 17 is passed through the roller 21 of the cable 18. Pull out the winch cable 17 so that the length of the cable 18 is sufficient to cover the spare wheel 13. The spare wheel 13 is covered with a cable 18, and is engaged by passing the cable 18 with the rigging shackle 22 through the holes in the rim 4. The rigging shackle 22 is connected to the cable 18. Using the winch 17 control panel, pull the cable 18. Disconnect the spare wheel 13 from the lever 15, unwind the winch 17, lowering the spare wheel 13 suspended on the lever 15. Using the winch 17 control panel, lower the cable 18 with wheel 1 down to the surface of the ground. The rigging shackle 22 is removed from the cable 18, freeing the wheel 1.

Install the spare wheel 13 on the hub instead of the faulty wheel 1, hanging it on a cable 6 using the collar 5. To install the spare wheel 13 on the hub, grab it by the rim 4 with grips 9 installed on two opposite sides in the upper part of the rim 4. Rotate the collar 5 by the handle 11, while the cable 6 is wound (wound) around the gate 5, and the grips 9 pull the rim 4 of the wheel 13 upward, towards the gate 5. Thus, the wheel 13 rises and is brought to the hub. The gate 5 is fixed in the achieved position (with a stopper 12 or a hole drawn through a hole in the body of the gate 5). The weight of the wheel 13 is transferred to the cable 6. By pushing, the spare wheel 13 is placed on the hub and secured with fasteners (bolts or nuts). The gate 5 is rotated by the handle 11 in the opposite direction, loosening the cable 6, the grips 9 are removed from the rim 4. The cable 6 is removed from the gate 5, the gate 5 is removed from the supports 7 and 8. The jack is lowered.

The faulty wheel 1 is placed on the roof 14 of the vehicle. To do this, loosen the clamps of the lever 15 and raise the lever 15 on the roof 14 to a vertical position. The cable 18 is passed through a block 19 suspended by the eye 20 of the lever 15. The ends of the cable 18 with the rigging bracket 22 and the roller 21 are lowered down along the rear side of the vehicle. Slings 23 fix the lever 15 in a vertical position with an inclination away from the rear side. The slings 23 are secured to the roof 14. The slings 23 limit the movement of the lever 15. The winch cable 17 is unwinded and passed through the roller 21. The winch cable 17 is pulled out so that the length of the cable 18 is sufficient to cover the faulty wheel 1. Wheel 1 is engaged with the cable 18, by passing the cable 18 with the rigging shackle 22 through the holes in the rim 4. The rigging shackle 22 is connected to the cable 18. Using the winch 17 control panel, pull the cable 18 and lift the wheel 1 until it stops against the lever 15. In this position, the lever 15 is lowered and turned to the original horizontal plane. Lever 15 is fixed to the body and wheel 1 is secured with slings 23.

The method is used for repairing wheeled vehicles, removing and/or installing wheels, when replacing wheels on a vehicle in road conditions.

Thus, it is possible to remove and install the wheel of an all-terrain vehicle, snow and swamp-going vehicle, or truck in road conditions. The result is to replace a faulty wheel of an all-terrain vehicle, snow and swamp-going vehicle, or truck in road conditions.

Industrial applicability.

The claimed technical solution can be implemented using industrially produced devices and materials; its elements can be manufactured and assembled both homemade and at modern industrial enterprises. Nothing prevents the system from being used for its intended purpose.

Claims (1)

A method for replacing a faulty wheel of a vehicle, in which the faulty wheel is hung up, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub, the spare wheel is removed from the vehicle body, the spare wheel is installed on the hub instead of the faulty wheel, characterized in that when removing the faulty wheel it is suspended on a cable, to To do this, use a gate designed to create traction force on the faulty wheel, installed in supports located on the vehicle body above the faulty wheel, grab the faulty wheel with a cable equipped with grippers, wind the cable around the gate, fix the position of the gate relative to the support, dismantle the faulty wheel from the hub; the spare wheel, located on the roof of the vehicle on a triangular-shaped lever mounted on the body with a hinged connection with the possibility of tilting onto the roof, is removed using an electric winch installed in the lower part of the rear side of the body, for this purpose the lever with the spare wheel on the roof is lifted, passed a cable through a block suspended at the free end of the lever, connect the cable to the winch, cover the spare wheel with a cable, disconnect the wheel from the lever, unwind the winch, lowering the wheel suspended on the lever, release the spare wheel from the cable, install the spare wheel on the hub, hanging it on the cable, using the gate.