RU2813998C1 - Design of blade section of blade mine sweep for combat vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: blade mine sweeps for combat vehicles. The sweep consists of the right and the left sweep blade sections and other sweep blade sections attached to two transverse frames, the central knife section mounted on an external longitudinal frame with a pneumatic cylinder, all mounted on a standard coupling device. Each of the blade sections has a support ski for following the terrain.

EFFECT: ability to completely clear the area of explosive objects.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military engineering and is intended for overcoming minefields on the routes of movement and maneuver of troops during preparation and during operations (combat operations), as well as for completely clearing the area of explosive objects.

The following mounted means of mechanical trawling are known: track mine trawl KMT-5, KMT-7 (roller-knife), engineering tank mine trawl TMT-K (rutted roller), engineering tank mine trawl TMT-S (solid roller), track mine trawls with knife type KMT-6, KMT-8, KMT-10 and the multifunctional robotic complex “Uran-6” (striker, roller, milling). Foreign analogues are: MCR, MSV, TWMP, FWMP, "MRPz Keiler", etc.

The striker mine trawl carries out continuous clearance of the area from explosive objects due to the high-frequency rotation of the rotor with strikers, which, having powerful kinetic energy, strike the mines, destroying them or initiating their operation.

The principle of operation of roller (roller-knife) mine trawls is based on the transfer of pressure from steel rollers to the fuse of a pressure-action mine, which leads to its detonation. Mine trawls of this type are especially effective on roads and hard (frozen) soils. Explosion-resistant, capable of withstanding up to ten explosions.

Knife mine trawls are an individual means of overcoming mine-explosive obstacles. Blades with vertical knives cut the soil in front of the tracks of a moving combat vehicle, thus removing mines to the surface and moving them to the right and left of the vehicle’s projection. Knife trawls are effective in soft and loose (sandy) soils, as well as on snow.

The above trawls are not without disadvantages due to design and technical parameters:

striker trawls are currently not designed to overcome anti-tank minefields; they can withstand up to 10 explosions of anti-personnel mines;

roller (roller-knife) trawls have a large mass, which sharply reduces the running and maneuverability of the minesweeper, and is ineffective in loose soils. Requires additional transport for delivery and hanging;

Knife trawls are limited in their use in soils of category 3 and higher. Being an individual means of trawling, they provide only a rutted passage. Not explosion resistant.

To combat anti-bottom mines, trawls are additionally equipped with transverse rods (chains) - for contact (pin) fuses, as well as electromagnetic attachments - for non-contact (magnetic) fuses.

The electromagnetic attachment EMT, which is in service, ensures mine sweeping, equipped with non-contact magnetic fuses, in a strip 4 meters wide, at a distance of up to 2 meters. The main elements of the console are 2 electromagnets and a converter-switching device (PKU-1). The attachment practically does not impair the speed and maneuverability of the combat vehicle and, being in trawling mode throughout the entire route, ensures timely remote detonation of explosive objects.

There is a design option for a mine trawl (see patent RU 2146800 C1 dated March 20, 2000), represented by two knife sections, each of which includes a knife working body consisting of a blade with handle knives and a suspension mechanism with a mounting bracket to the base machine. The peculiarity of the design is that the trawl suspension mechanism is made in the form of an articulated four-bar straight section with the ability to ensure the pressure of the knife section on the ground is close to constant, and to regulate the movement of the knives over the entire range of longitudinal and transverse copying.

The disadvantages of this option include poor wear resistance and strength of the structure, due to the many of its constituent elements and, as a consequence, a high susceptibility to failure. In addition, such a trawl is only capable of providing individual rutted passage, which the existing KMT-6, KMT-8 and KMT-10 successfully cope with.

There is a known version of a mine trawl (see patent RU 2210053 C1 dated August 10, 2003), consisting of two blade sections installed on the base machine, each of which includes a blade working element, a mechanism for moving the working element to the stowed position, and a mechanism for locking the working element the organ in the stowed position and reset to the working position, as well as the suspension mechanism of the working organ, designed as an articulated four-link, consisting of a crank, connecting rod, rod and strut.

A design feature is the transfer mechanism, arranged on the upper frontal sheet of the base machine body and consisting of a pulley with an actuating pneumatic cylinder, on the rod of which the upper movable block of the pulley is installed with the ability to interact through a rope or other flexible connection with the lower movable block. One of the ends of the rope is fixed in the block body, and the second is fixed to the pneumatic cylinder body, and the lower block is covered by a lifting rope with the possibility of interaction through a fixed block.

This technical solution does not allow effective trawling of frozen soils and soils above category 3. The trawl has low protection against damage to the components of the transfer mechanism (pulley hoist, cable, elements of the pneumatic system). With the help of such a design, it is possible to make only a rutted passage, while there is a great need to make continuous passages in enemy minefields.

The proposed version of the knife mine trawl has a number of advantages over those discussed earlier, namely:

relatively high accuracy of copying the terrain;

universal fastening mechanism, allowing it to be used with all main types of tanks;

possibility of replacing damaged elements of knife sections;

the presence of already existing structural elements that do not require additional development;

the ability to mine both anti-track and anti-bottom mines;

making a continuous passage through enemy minefields.

General features of the proposed invention:

The knife mine trawl is a solid two-mouldboard knife section, consisting of two right and two left working parts of serial trawls KMT-7 (KMT-8), as well as an additional central blade (wedge-shaped). The outermost working bodies are fixed in place to the base machine. In the space between the tracks, two transverse frames are installed, to which additional right and left blades are also attached using standard fastenings. The central working body is located on an external longitudinal frame.

Distinctive (sufficient) features:

continuous trawling knife mine trawl;

combination of existing (serial) and new elements of the knife section in the trawl design;

universal mount for all types of main tanks.

The principle of operation is as follows: the knives cut through the ground, deepen the mines onto the surface and, due to the formation of a common two-mold structure of the knife section, move the mines to the sides (right and left) from the moving combat vehicle, thereby ensuring a continuous passage,

A schematic representation of the trawl in two projections (side view, top view) is shown in Fig. 1 and fig. 2 respectively.

Structurally, a knife mine trawl (solid) consists of the following main elements: the right and left knife sections of the KMT-7 (KMT-8) trawls 1, hung on a standard coupling device 2; right and left knife sections of trawls KMT-7 (KMT-8) 3, attached to the transverse frame 4; the central knife section 5, mounted on an external longitudinal frame 6 with a pneumatic cylinder 7. In addition, each of the knife sections has a support ski 8 for copying the terrain.

A knife mine trawl (solid) works as follows: the trawl is hung on a tank, connected to the general pneumatic system of the base vehicle, and through a gearbox, the driver supplies compressed air to move the knife sections to the working position (and back). When the tank moves straight forward, the knives, under the action of pneumatic cylinders and the trawl's own weight, are buried in the ground and cut through it, bringing mines (explosive devices) to the surface and moving them to the sides of the tank. The cutting depth is limited by the skis of the knife sections, which ensures high-quality copying of the terrain and prevents the knives from burying in the ground. In addition, the trawl has a safety device for deepening the knives from the ground if it hits an insurmountable obstacle. This device only works in the firing position. If the trawl elements are damaged as a result of a mine explosion, it is possible to replace its standard knife sections of the KMT-7 (KMT-8) trawls. If the trawl fails completely or the central frame with the blade section is damaged, the driver performs an emergency release of the trawl using the standard control panel.

The design of the knife mine trawl provides for the installation of an electromagnetic EMT attachment, which allows you to initiate the detonation of mines with non-contact target sensors at a distance of up to 4 meters.

Thus, the advantages of the proposed technical solution are: ensuring continuous passage in mine-explosive barriers, due to the combination of serial knife sections (right and left), and a new central one, located on an external longitudinal frame; a high-quality level of copying the terrain, as well as the presence of ready-made standard elements of the trawl, which significantly simplifies its installation, management and, in general, significantly increases the efficiency of overcoming mine-explosive obstacles.

Bibliography

1. Armament and military equipment of engineering troops: textbook - Moscow: VUNTS SV "OVA RF Armed Forces", 2017.

2. Obstacles, their construction and overcoming in battle - Moscow: VUNTS SV "OVA RF Armed Forces", 2016.

3. Engineering weapons vehicles, part 3. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1987.

4. US Army Field Manual FM 20-32. “Mining and demining operations” (ed. 2002). - M.: Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, 2003.

5. Mikhailov V.I. Long journey with a trawl: Memories - Chelyabinsk: Yuzh. - Ural. book publishing house, 2005.

6. Means of overcoming mine-explosive obstacles: Technical description and operating instructions. M.: Military publishing house, 1988.

7. Makhnin V.L. Methodology and logic of scientific knowledge and research: Textbook. -M.: VAGSH RF Armed Forces, 2018.

8. Patent RU 2146800 C1 dated March 20, 2000, “Knife mine trawl.”

9. Patent RU 2210053 C1 dated August 10, 2003, “Knife mine trawl.”

Claims (3)

1. Knife mine trawl for combat vehicles, consisting of right and left trawl knife sections hung on a standard coupling device and others attached to two transverse frames of the right and left trawl knife sections; a central knife section mounted on an external longitudinal frame with a pneumatic cylinder; in addition, each of the knife sections has a support ski for copying the terrain. 2. Knife mine trawl according to claim 1, characterized in that each knife section is independent, which improves the quality of copying the terrain. 3. Knife mine trawl according to claim 1, characterized in that both a standard coupling device and additional transverse frames are used, to which the right and left knife sections are attached, but also in a standard way.