RU2800622C1 - Advanced large scale field-erected air cooled industrial steam condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: steam condensers.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condensers. The large-scale field-mounted air cooled industrial steam condenser contains heat exchange panels independently inserted and supported in a heat exchange frame section. A bottom cover extends along the length of the bottom of each heat exchanger panel to introduce steam into the lower end of the condenser tubes in the heat exchanger panel and to receive the condensate that forms in said tubes. The upper ends of the pipes are attached to the top cover. Non-condensable steam and non-condensable gases are drawn into the top cover from the condenser tubes. The steam distribution manifold is suspended on the frame of the heat exchange section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels and under the central point of the heat exchange panels and delivers steam to each heat exchange panel through a single steam inlet located at the central point of each lower cover.

EFFECT: large-scale field-mounted air cooled industrial steam condenser is proposed.

39 cl, 37 dwg

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[001] The present invention relates to large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condensers.

Background of the Invention

[002] A typical design for a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser (ACS) is heat exchange bundles arranged in an A-frame configuration above a large fan with one A-frame per fan. Each tube bundle typically contains 35 to 45 vertically oriented flattened finned tubes, each tube being approximately 11 meters long and 200 mm high, having semicircular front and back edges and an outer width of 18 to 22 mm. Each A-frame typically contains five to seven tube bundles on each side.

[003] A typical CVO in the A-frame configuration as described above also contains both "primary" first stage condenser bundles (sometimes referred to as "K bundles", which stands for capacitor) and "secondary" second stage condenser bundles ( sometimes referred to by the term "beams D", which means reflux condenser). The primary condenser of the first stage makes up approximately 80% to 90% of the heat exchange bundles. The steam enters from above into the primary condenser bundles, while the condensate and a certain amount of steam go down. In the first stage, the steam and condensate pass downward through the heat exchange bundles, a process commonly referred to as the co-current condensing stage. The first stage configuration is thermally efficient, but does not provide the ability to remove non-condensable gases. To remove non-condensable gases through the first stage bundles, 10% to 20% of the heat exchange bundles are configured as second stage secondary condensers, which are typically distributed among the primary condensers and draw steam from the lower condensate header. In this configuration, steam and non-condensable gases pass through the first stage condensers as they are drawn from below into the secondary condenser. As the mixture of gases passes upward through the secondary condenser, the remaining vapor condenses, concentrating the non-condensable gases at the top while the condensate drains to the bottom. This process is commonly referred to as the "countercurrent condensation stage". The upper ends of the secondary condensers are attached to a vacuum manifold which removes non-condensable gases from the system.

[004] Variations of the standard prior art CVO configuration are disclosed, for example, in US 2015/0204611 and US 2015/0330709. These applications present the same finned tubes, but they are greatly reduced in length and arranged in series to form small A-frames, with typically five or six A-frames per fan. One part of the logic is to reduce the pressure drop on the steam side, which has a small impact on overall performance in summer conditions, but a much larger impact in winter conditions. Another part of the logic is to factory weld the top steam manifold to each of the bundles and ship them together, thus reducing the high labor cost of welding on site. The net effect of this configuration, with a steam manifold that is factory attached and shipped with the tube bundles, is to reduce the length of the tubes to accommodate the manifold in the shipping container.

[005] Additional variations on prior art CVO configurations are disclosed, for example, in US 2017/0363357 and US 2017/0363358. These applications present a novel tubular structure for use in air-cooled condensers having a cross-sectional height of 10 mm or less. US 2017/0363357 also discloses a new configuration of an HBO containing heat exchange bundles, in which the primary condenser bundles are arranged horizontally in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bundles, and the secondary bundles are arranged in parallel with respect to the transverse axis. US 2017/0363358 discloses a CBO configuration in which all of the tube bundles are secondary bundles.

Brief summary of the present invention

[006] The present document discloses an invention that is a new and improved design for large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condensers for power plants and the like, which provides significant improvements and advantages over prior art air-cooled condensers.

[007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the design of the heat exchange panels includes an integrated secondary condenser section located in the center of the heat exchange panel, which is adjacent to the side of the primary condenser sections, which may be the same or different with respect to each other. The bottom cover extends the length of the bottom of the heat exchanger panel, which is attached to the underside of the bottom tubesheet, to introduce steam into the lower end of the primary condenser tubes. In this configuration, the first stage of condensation takes place in countercurrent mode. The upper ends of the tubes are attached to the upper tube sheet, which, in turn, is attached on its upper side to the top cover. Non-condensable steam and non-condensable gases flow into the top cover from the primary condenser tubes and flow to the center of the heat exchanger panel, where they enter from above into the tubes of the secondary condenser section. In this configuration, the second condenser stage is in co-current mode. Non-condensable gases and condensate flow downward from the secondary pipes into an internal secondary chamber located inside the bottom cover. Non-condensable gases and condensate are drawn out of the bottom cover secondary chamber through the outlet nozzle, and the condensate is drawn out and directed to combine with the water collected from the primary condenser sections.

[008] According to an alternative embodiment, the heat exchange panels can be constructed as heat exchange panels of a single-stage condenser, in which all pipes of the heat exchange panels receive steam from the bottom cover and discharge condensate into the bottom cover, while non-condensable gases are drawn out through the top cover. More specifically, the bottom cover extends the length of the bottom of the heat exchange panel, as in the multi-stage embodiment attached to the underside of the bottom tubesheet, but in the single stage embodiment, the bottom cover exhausts steam to the bottom end of all tubes in the heat exchange panel. As in the multi-stage embodiment, the top ends of all tubes are attached to the top tubesheet, which in turn is attached on its top side to the top cover. Non-condensable steam and non-condensable gases flow into the top cover from all pipes in the heat exchange panel and are drawn out of the top cover for further processing. Condensate flows down from all pipes to the bottom cover and then to the steam distribution manifold.

[009] According to various embodiments of the present invention, each heat exchange panel can be independently inserted and placed on a support in the frame of the heat exchange section. In one embodiment, adjacent panels may be tilted from vertical in opposite directions in a configuration resembling an A-frame or V-frame type configuration, although preferably there is no relationship or interaction between adjacent panels. According to another embodiment, each heat transfer panel may be oriented in a vertical direction, with an optional air baffle or seal located in the corner between each adjacent panels. According to a further embodiment, all of the heat exchange panels can be inclined at an angle with respect to the vertical, all in the same direction. According to a further embodiment, all of the heat exchange panels on one side of the heat exchange section may be tilted with respect to the vertical in one direction, and all of the heat exchange panels on the other side of the heat exchange section may be tilted with respect to the vertical in the opposite direction.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, each HEC element or module comprises a ventilation section module with a single fan, which is a large fan that creates airflow over all of the heat exchange panels in said module.

[0011] According to other embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation section module may include a plurality of longitudinal fan base plates positioned above the fan base frame, with each fan base plate comprising a plurality of fans. According to various aspects of this embodiment, the fan baseplates can be oriented so that their longitudinal axis is parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the heat exchange panels in the same HEC module.

[0012] According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the lower steam distribution header extends under a plurality of CVO elements/modules in a row, and the heat exchange panels of each CVO element or module feed a single riser that delivers the appropriate steam to a given upper steam distribution header, preferably comprising a large horizontal cylinder, closed at both ends and suspended from below the support frame of the heat exchange section, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels, and under the center point of each heat exchange panel. The top steam distribution manifold delivers steam to the bottom cover of each heat exchanger panel at a single location at the center point of each panel.

[0013] According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the frame of the heat exchange module and the heat exchange panels for each element are pre-mounted at ground level. The heat exchange module frame is then placed on the support on the assembly jig at a high enough level to suspend the upper steam distribution header from the underside of the heat exchange module frame. A separate ventilation section, which contains a fan support and a fan installed for the respective heat exchange module, is similarly mounted at ground level. Sequentially or simultaneously, the base for the respective heat exchanger module can be mounted in its final position. The heat exchanger module, with the upper steam distribution manifold suspended from it, can then be fully lifted and placed on top of the base, followed by a similar lifting and placement of a complete stack of ventilation section.

[0014] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a single upper level steam manifold that is suspended and extends along a plurality of condenser modules is combined with a plurality of upper steam distribution manifolds for a plurality of elements. According to this embodiment, the lower steam header and riser are omitted, and the upper level steam header is fed directly from the turbine exhaust duct, which is itself raised to the level of the upper level steam header. The top level steam header supplies steam to the bottom cover of each heat exchanger panel at a single location at the center point of the panel.

[0015] This new CVO design can find application with pipes having a configuration and cross-sectional area of the prior art (for example, 200 mm × 18-22 mm). Alternatively, this new CVO design may find use with pipes having the design described in US 2017/0363357 and US 2017/0363358 (200 mm x 10 mm or less), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety. .

[0016] According to a further alternative embodiment of the present invention, the novel CVO design may find use with pipes having dimensions of 100 mm x 5-7 mm and offset ribs.

[0017] According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the novel CVO design can be used with pipes having dimensions of 200 mm × 5-7 mm, or with pipes having dimensions of 200 mm × 17-20 mm, and these pipes preferably contain swept-type fins spaced at intervals of 5 to 12 fins per inch, preferably 9 to 12 fins per inch, and most preferably 9.8 fins per inch.

[0018] According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the novel CVO design may find use with pipes having dimensions of 120 mm x 5-7 mm and containing arrow-type fins spaced at 9.8 fins per inch. According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the novel CVO design may find use with pipes having dimensions of 140 mm x 5-7 mm and containing arrow-type fins spaced at 9.8 fins per inch. While the 120 mm and 140 mm configurations do not provide the same increase in capacity as the 200 mm configuration, both the 120 mm and 140 mm configurations provide material and weight savings compared to the 200 mm configuration.

[0019] In order to disclose the design of the swept fins discussed above, the description of US Patent Application No. 15/425,454, filed Feb. 06, 2017, is incorporated herein in its entirety.

[0020] According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the new CVO design may find use with pipes containing louvered fins that have approximately the same performance as offset fins and are more affordable and easier to manufacture.

[0021] Description of the types and sizes of ribs in this document is not intended to limit the present invention. According to the present invention, the pipes as described herein can be used with any type of fin without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0022] Accordingly, according to the present invention, there is provided a large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser connected to an industrial steam generator set, having one or a plurality of condenser passages, each condenser passage comprising a number of condenser modules, each condenser module comprising a ventilation section, containing a single fan or a plurality of fans drawing air through a plurality of heat exchange panels supported in the heat exchange section, and each heat exchange panel has a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis perpendicular to the corresponding longitudinal axis, each heat exchange panel contains a plurality of pipes, the top a lid is connected and in fluid communication with the upper end of each pipe, a bottom lid is connected and in fluid communication with the lower end of at least a subset of said pipes, said bottom lid contains a single steam inlet; each condenser channel contains a steam distribution manifold suspended from the heat exchange section and located along an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said heat exchange panels at the central point of said heat exchange panels and extends along said condenser channel under a plurality of heat exchange panels, wherein said steam distribution manifold contains a cylinder having first and second ends, the cylinder is closed at the second end remote from the first end, the cylinder contains on its upper surface a plurality of connections, each connection being configured to be connected to a corresponding single steam inlet.

[0023] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which each heat exchange panel contains a single-stage condenser, in which all pipes in the heat exchange panel receive steam from the lower end of these pipes.

[0024] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which the top cover is configured to receive non-condensable gases and optionally non-condensed steam from said condenser tubes and does not provide steam to said tubes.

[0025] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which a secondary condenser section, a primary condenser section, and a top cover are present in each heat exchange panel, which is connected and in fluid communication the upper end of each tube in said secondary condenser section and said primary condenser sections, the primary bottom cap is connected and in fluid communication with the lower end of each tube in said primary condenser sections, the inner secondary chamber inside the bottom cap is connected and in fluid communication in fluid with the lower end of each pipe in said secondary condenser section, said secondary bottom cover is attached to the top side of said primary bottom cover, and each said primary bottom cover contains a single steam inlet.

[0026] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which each heat exchange panel includes two primary condenser sections that are laterally adjacent to said secondary section.

[0027] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided in which the secondary condenser section is centrally located along said heat exchange panel and is flanked at each end by primary condenser sections.

[0028] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which said steam distribution manifold cylinder is attached at a first end to a turbine exhaust duct.

[0029] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which said steam distribution header is closed at both ends and has a single connection to the steam riser on the lower surface.

[0030] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, wherein each said heat exchange panel is independently suspended from a heat exchange section frame by a plurality of flexible suspension supports.

[0031] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the same direction.

[0032] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in a vertical direction.

[0033] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the same direction, at the same angle with respect to the vertical.

[0034] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser in which all of the heat exchange panels on one side of a single heat exchange section are inclined with respect to the vertical in the same direction, and all of the heat exchange panels on the other side of the only heat exchange section are inclined in relation to the vertical in the opposite direction.

[0035] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, wherein said ventilation section comprises a single fan located on a fan support frame and drawing air over all of said heat exchange panels in said heat exchange section. .

[0036] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser, wherein said fan section comprises a plurality of fan base plates disposed on a fan base frame, each of said fan base plates comprising a plurality of fans.

[0037] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided in which each fan draws air over no more than two heat exchange panels.

[0038] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which each of these flexible suspension supports includes a central rod attached at each end to a connecting sleeve, and wherein one connecting sleeve of each flexible hanger is attached to said frame of the heat exchange section, and the second connecting sleeve of each flexible hanger is connected to the tube sheet of said heat exchange panel.

[0039] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, in which in the specified plurality of pipes in the specified heat exchange panels, the length is from 2.0 m to 2.8 m, the cross-sectional height is 120 mm, and the width of the cross section is from 4 to 10 mm.

[0040] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser, wherein said tubes have a cross-sectional width of 5.2 to 7 mm.

[0041] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser is provided, wherein said tubes have a cross-sectional width of 6.0 mm.

[0042] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a large-scale, field-mounted, industrial air-cooled steam condenser, wherein said plurality of pipes in said heat exchange panels have fins attached to the flat sides of said pipes, said fins having a height of 9 to 10 mm, and spaced at 5 to 12 ribs per inch.

[0043] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a large-scale, field-mounted, industrial air-cooled steam condenser, wherein said plurality of pipes in said heat exchange panels have fins attached to the flat sides of said pipes, said fins having a height of from 18 mm to 20 mm, occupy the space between adjacent pipes and are in contact with adjacent pipes, while these fins are located at intervals of 5 to 12 fins per inch.

[0044] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for mounting a large-scale field-mounted air-cooled condenser comprising the steps of: mounting a heat exchange section at ground level, including a heat exchange section frame and said heat exchange panels; fixing said heat exchange section at a sufficient height above ground level only to suspend the steam distribution header section immediately below and adjacent to said heat exchange panels, mounting the ventilation section with fan support and fan assembly at ground level; lifting said mounted heat exchanger section and said steam distribution header section and placing on top of a respective base; connection of adjacent steam distribution manifold sections to each other; and lifting said mounted ventilation section and placing on top of said heat exchange section.

[0045] In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser, optionally attached to an industrial steam generator plant, is provided, which contains: one or a plurality of condenser channels, each condenser channel contains a number of condenser modules, each condenser module contains a ventilation section containing a single fan or a plurality of fans drawing air through a plurality of heat exchange panels supported in the heat exchange section, and each heat exchange panel has a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis perpendicular to the corresponding longitudinal axis, each the heat exchange panel comprises a plurality of condenser tubes, and the top cap is connected and in fluid communication with the upper end of each of said plurality of condenser tubes, the bottom cap is connected and in fluid communication with the lower end of each of said plurality of condenser tubes, each the bottom cover contains a single steam inlet; each specified condenser channel contains a single steam distribution manifold suspended from and immediately adjacent to the underside of said heat exchange section, located along an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said heat exchange panels at the central point of said heat exchange panels and extends along said condenser channel, wherein said steam distribution manifold comprises a cylinder attached at the first end to the turbine exhaust duct and closed at the second end remote from said first end, said cylinder having on its upper surface a plurality of connections configured to be attached to said bottom cover inlets.

Brief description of the figures

[0046] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the heat exchange portion of a prior art large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser.

[0047] FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of the heat exchange portion of a prior art large scale industrial air cooled industrial steam condenser illustrating the orientation of the tubes with respect to the steam distribution manifold.

[0048] FIG. 3 is a side view of a two-stage heat exchange panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG. 4 is a plan view of the heat exchange panel illustrated in FIG. 3.

[0050] FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the heat exchange panel illustrated in FIG. 3.

[0051] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange panel illustrated in FIG. 3 along the line C-C.

[0052] In FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange panel illustrated in FIG. 3 along the line D-D.

[0053] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange panel illustrated in FIG. 3 along the line E-E.

[0054] FIG. 9 is an elevational side view of a two-stage heat exchanger panel and an upper steam distribution manifold in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in FIG. 9.

[0056] FIG. 10B shows an alternative embodiment to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10A.

[0057] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom cover of the type illustrated in FIG. 9 with a flat protective plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom cover of the type illustrated in FIG. 9 with a curved protective plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] FIG. 13A is a side view of a large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention with a new steam introduction and distribution configuration.

[0060] FIG. 13B is a plan view of the large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser illustrated in FIG. 13A.

[0061] FIG. 14 is an enlarged side view of one element of the large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser illustrated in FIG. 13A and 13B.

[0062] In FIG. 15 is the following enlarged side view of one element of the large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser illustrated in FIG. 13A, 13B and 14.

[0063] FIG. 16 is an elevational view of the upper steam distribution header and its connections to heat exchange panels, including the optional condensate piping from the secondary bottom cover (in the case of a two-stage condenser panel) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] FIG. 17 is the following enlarged side view of one element of the large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser illustrated in FIG. 13-15 showing an end view of two pairs of heat exchange panels.

[0065] FIG. 18A is a set of technical drawings illustrating a suspension bar according to an embodiment of the present invention in a cold position.

[0066] FIG. 18B is a set of technical drawings illustrating the suspension bar shown in FIG. 18A, in the hot position.

[0067] FIG. 19A is a set of technical drawings illustrating a suspension bar according to another embodiment of the present invention in a cold position.

[0068] FIG. 19B is a set of technical drawings illustrating the suspension bar shown in FIG. 19A, in the hot position.

[0069] FIG. 20A is a top perspective view of a single pre-assembled condenser module containing an upper steam distribution header suspended from a suitable hanger.

[0070] FIG. 20B is a bottom perspective view of a single pre-assembled condenser module containing an upper steam distribution header suspended from a suitable hanger.

[0071] FIG. 21A is a top perspective view of a sub-assembly of a fan support and fan (vent) for a single element corresponding to the capacitor module illustrated in FIG. 20A and 20B.

[0072] FIG. 21B is a bottom perspective view of a fan mount and fan (vent) subassembly for a single element corresponding to the capacitor module illustrated in FIG. 20A and 20B.

[0073] FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the tower frame for the single element corresponding to the capacitor module shown in FIG. 20A and 20B.

[0074] FIG. 23 shows the placement of the pre-assembled capacitor module illustrated in FIG. 20A and 20B and raised onto the tower frame illustrated in FIG. 22.

[0075] FIG. 24 shows the placement of the fan support and fan (ventilation) subassembly illustrated in FIG. 21A and 21B and mounted on top of the tower section and capacitor modules illustrated in FIG. 23.

[0076] FIG. 25 is a side view of a large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, comprising upper level steam distribution manifolds directly connected to the turbine steam pipeline.

[0077] FIG. 26 is a side view of a large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to a second alternative embodiment of the present invention, comprising upper level steam distribution manifolds directly connected to the turbine steam pipeline.

[0078] FIG. 27 is an end view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 26.

[0079] FIG. 28 is an elevation view of an alternative embodiment of the present invention in which all of the heat exchange panels in a heat exchange module are vertically oriented with an air baffle seal located between each pair of adjacent panels.

[0080] FIG. 29 is an elevation view of another embodiment of the present invention, wherein all of the heat exchange panels on one side of the heat exchange module are inclined in one direction with respect to the vertical, and all of the heat exchange panels on the other side of the heat exchange module are inclined with respect to the vertical in the opposite direction. .

[0081] FIG. 30 is a view of a fan base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein each fan section module supports a plurality of fan base plates, with each fan base plate supporting a plurality of fans.

[0082] FIG. 31 is a view of an embodiment of the present invention in which a fan support plate comprises a plurality of fan support plates supported by a fan support structure above a heat exchanger module, each fan support structure comprising a plurality of fans, and the fan support plates are positioned such that their longitudinal axis is perpendicular. in relation to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels.

[0083] FIG. 32 is a view of another embodiment of the present invention in which the fan support includes a plurality of fan support plates which are supported by a fan support structure above a heat exchanger module, each fan support plate comprising a plurality of fans, and the fan support plates are positioned such that their longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels.

[0084] FIG. 33 shows examples of types of fans that can be used in a fan base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] FIG. 34 is a side elevational view of a single stage heat exchanger panel and upper steam distribution manifold in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] FIG. 35 is a plan view of a large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, comprising overhead steam distribution headers connected to a ground level turbine exhaust duct via end risers.

[0087] FIG. 36 is an elevation view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 35, sectional along line A-A.

[0088] FIG. 37 is an elevation view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 35, sectional along line B-B.

[0089] The elements in the accompanying figures are designated by the following reference numbers:

2 - heat exchange panel

4 - primary condenser section

6 - secondary condenser section

7 - pipes

8 - condenser bundles

10 - upper tube sheet

12 - top cover

14 - lower tube sheet

15 - lifting/support angle

16 - bottom cover

18 - steam inlet / condensate outlet

20 - protective plate

21 - perforations

22 - shell edge

24 - secondary bottom cover

26 - nozzle (for secondary bottom cover)

27 - capacitor module (element) KVO

28 - upper steam manifold

29 - Y-shaped nozzle

30 - riser (from lower steam manifold to upper steam manifold)

31 - turbine exhaust channel

32 - lower steam distribution manifold

34 - channel / row of KVO elements

36 - frame (heat exchange section)

37 - heat exchange module

40 - baffle

42 - condensate pipeline

50 - pendants

54 - suspension bar

56 - suspension bushing

58 - fixed discs or suspension arms

60 - suspension recesses

62 - base module

64 - ventilation section module

66 - upper level steam distribution manifold

68 - turbine exhaust channel of the upper level

70 - air baffle seal

72 - fan base plate

74 - small fan

76 - turbine exhaust duct ground level

78 - end riser (from ground level turbine exhaust duct to upper level steam distribution manifold)

Detailed disclosure of the present invention

[0090] Consider FIG. 3-8, where the heat exchanger panel 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises two primary condenser sections 4 which are laterally adjacent to an integrated and centrally positioned secondary condenser section 6. Each heat exchanger panel 2 consists of a plurality of individual condenser bundles 8, the first subset condenser bundles 8 constitute the central secondary section 6, and a second subset of other condenser bundles 8 constitute each side-adjoining primary section 4. The dimensions and designs of the tubes 7 of the primary and secondary sections are preferably identical. In their upper part, all pipes 7 of both primary section 4 and secondary section 6 are connected to the upper tube sheet 10, on which there is a hollow top cover 12 that runs along the upper part of the heat exchange panel 2. In their lower part, all pipes 7 as primary section 4 so the secondary section 6 is attached to the bottom tubesheet 14 which forms the top of the bottom cover 16. Similarly, the bottom cover 16 extends along the heat exchange panel 2. The bottom cover 16 is in direct fluid communication with the tubes 7 of the primary section 4, but not with pipes of the secondary section 6. The bottom cover 16 contains at the central point of its length a single steam inlet/condensate outlet 18 which receives all the steam for the heat exchanger panel 2 and which serves as an outlet for the condensate collected from the primary sections 4. The bottom of the bottom cover 16 preferably inclined downward at an angle of 1 degree to 5 degrees, preferably approximately 3 degrees, from the horizontal from both ends of the cap 16 to the steam inlet/condensate outlet 18 in the middle of the heat exchange panel 2. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9-12, the bottom cover 16 may include a protective plate 20 to separate the condensate stream from the vapor stream. The protective plate 20 may include perforations 21 and/or contain a shell edge 22, or comprise other openings or take on other configurations that allow condensate entering the upper surface of the protective plate 20 to flow into the space below the protective plate and flow under the protective plate in a direction to the inlet/outlet 18. Seen from the end of the lower cover 16, the protective plate 20 is attached in an almost horizontal direction (the angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal in the transverse direction is from 0 to 12 degrees), thereby maximizing the cross-sectional area provided by the lower cover 16 for steam flow. The protective plate 20 may be flat as shown in FIG. 11, or curved as shown in FIG. 12. The upper tubesheet 10 and the lower tubesheet 14 may have lift/support angles 15 to lift and/or support the heat exchangers 2.

[0091] The inner secondary chamber or secondary bottom cover 24 is located within the bottom cover 16 in direct fluid communication only with the pipes 7 of the secondary section 6 and extends along the length of the secondary section 6, but preferably does not extend beyond it. This secondary bottom cover 24 includes a nozzle 26 for removing non-condensable gases and condensate.

[0092] According to an alternative embodiment of the single-stage capacitor shown in FIG. 34, there is no secondary section or secondary bottom cover, and the bottom cover 16 is in direct fluid communication with all pipes in the heat exchange panel 2. According to this embodiment, the bottom cover 16 extends along the length of the bottom of the heat exchange panel 2, which is attached to the underside. bottom tube sheet 14. The bottom cover 16 supplies steam to the lower end of all tubes of the condenser bundles 8 in the heat exchange panel 2. The upper ends of all tubes are connected to the upper tube sheet 10, which, in turn, is connected on its upper side to the top cover 12. Non-condensable steam and non-condensable gases flow into the top cover 12 from all pipes 7 in the heat exchange panel 2 and are drawn out of the top cover 12 for further processing. The condensate flows down from all pipes 7 to the bottom cover 16 and to the steam distribution manifold.

[0093] The steam inlet/condensate outlet 18 for the heat exchanger panel 2 and the steam in/condensate outlets 18 for all of the heat exchanger panels in the same HEC element/module 27 are connected to a large cylinder or upper steam distribution manifold 28 which is suspended below heat exchange panels 2 and which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels 2 at the corresponding center point. Consider, for example, FIG. 13-15, 20A and 20B. The upper steam distribution header 28 extends across the width of the element/module 27 and is closed at both ends. At the center of its bottom, upper steam manifold 28 is connected to a single riser 30, which is connected at its bottom to lower steam manifold 32. When the upper surface of upper steam manifold 28 passes below the center point of each heat exchange panel 2, upper steam manifold 28 comprises a a nozzle 29 which is connected to the steam inlets/condensate outlets 18 at the bottom of each pair of adjacent heat exchange panels 2.

[0094] According to this design, each HEC element 27 receives steam from a single riser 30. The single riser 30 supplies steam to a single upper steam distribution manifold 28 suspended directly below the center point of each heat exchange panel 2, and the upper steam distribution manifold 28 supplies steam to each from heat exchange panels 2 in element 27 through a single steam inlet/condensate outlet 18.

[0095] Thus, steam from the industrial process flows along the turbine exhaust duct 31 at or near ground level, or at any of the elevated levels of a site-specific circuit. When the steam line 31 reaches the CEP according to the present invention, it is divided into many branches (lower steam distribution manifolds 32), one for each channel (row of elements) 34 CEP. Each lower steam distribution manifold 32 extends under its respective channel of elements 34 and is an upward extension of a single riser 30 at the center point of each element 27. Consider, for example, FIG. 13A and 13B. A single riser 30 is attached to the bottom of the upper steam distribution header 28, which is suspended from the frame 36 of the condenser module 37, as shown in FIG. 13-15. The upper steam distribution manifold 28 delivers steam through a plurality of Y-shaped nozzles 29 to a pair of cover inlets/outlets 18 of each pair of adjacent heat exchange panels 2, as shown in FIG. 15-17. The steam travels along the bottom cover 16 and upwards through the tubes 7 of the primary sections 4 and condenses as air passes through the finned tubes 7 of the primary condenser sections 4. The condensed water flows down the same tubes 7 of the primary section 4 in countercurrent to the steam , is collected in the bottom cap 16 and finally flows back through the upper steam manifold 28 and the lower steam manifold 32 and the turbine exhaust duct 31 into a condensate collection tank (not illustrated). According to a preferred embodiment, the connection between the bottom cover 16 and the upper steam distribution header 28 may include a baffle 40 to separate the dripping/falling condensate from the incoming steam.

[0096] The non-condensed vapor and non-condensable gases are collected in the top cover 12 and drawn to the center of the heat exchange panel 2 where they pass down the pipes 7 of the secondary section 6 in the same direction as the condensate that forms there. Non-condensable gases are drawn into the secondary bottom cover 24 located inside the bottom cover 16 and exit through the outlet nozzle 26. The additional condensed water that is generated in the secondary section 6 is collected in the secondary bottom cover 24 and also passes through the outlet nozzle 26 and then passes through condensate pipeline 42 to the upper steam distribution header 28 to combine with water that is collected from the primary condenser sections 4.

[0097] According to another feature of the present invention, the heat exchange panels 2 are suspended from the frame 36 of the condenser module 37 by a plurality of flexible suspensions 50 that allow the heat exchange panels 2 to expand and contract depending on the heat load and weather conditions. In FIG. 17 shows how the hangers 50 are attached to the frame 36 of the capacitor module 37, and FIG. 18A, 18B, 19A and 19B show two embodiments of suspensions in detail. In each embodiment, the suspension 50 is designed to allow the heat exchange panel 2 to expand or contract to support its weight. Four hangers 50 are used for each heat exchanger panel 2. In one embodiment, hanger 50 is constructed of a rod 54 with bushings 56 at each end. The bushings 56 fit onto the rod 54 and are protected from coming off their respective ends by fixed discs or handles 58 which are located at each end of the rod 54 and fit snugly into suitably shaped recesses 60 on the inner surface of the respective sleeves, but these recesses do not extend to the end. bushings. One end of the hanger 50 is attached to the frame 36 of the condenser module 37 and the other end of the hanger is attached to the lift/support corner 15 or other connection point on the top tubesheet 10 or bottom tubesheet 14. The bushings 56 are preferably adjustable to ensure the correct length of the hanger is set. during the installation process. After installation, the movement of heat exchange panels 2 is compensated by ball joints in the upper and lower parts of hangers 50 and angular displacements of hangers 50.

[0098] Each of the heat exchange panels 2 can be independently inserted and placed on a support in the frame 36 of the heat exchange module. The heat exchange panels 2 may be supported in the heat exchange module frame 36 in any of a variety of configurations. In FIG. 13-17, 23-27 show heat exchange panels 2 independently supported in a heat exchange module frame 36, with adjacent heat exchange panels 2 tilted in opposite directions relative to the vertical. In FIG. 28 shows an alternative embodiment in which each heat exchange panel 2 is independently supported in a heat exchange module, with each heat exchange panel oriented in a vertical direction, with an optional air baffle seal 70 positioned at an angle between the bottom of one heat exchange panel 2 and the top. adjacent heat exchange panel 2. FIG. 29 shows a further alternative embodiment in which each heat exchange panel 2 on one side of the heat exchange module is inclined with respect to the vertical in one direction, and each heat exchange panel 2 on the other side of the heat exchange module is inclined with respect to the vertical in the opposite direction, with the optional air baffle seal 70 is located in the vertical direction between adjacent heat exchange panels 2 of each pair.

[0099] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 25-27, instead of a plurality of upper steam distribution headers 28, a lower steam header 32, and risers 30, an air-cooled condenser of the present invention may comprise a plurality of upper level steam distribution headers 66 connected directly to an upper level turbine exhaust duct 68, with each upper level steam distribution header level extends in the length direction and feeds the heat exchange panels of the plurality of heat exchange modules along the channel/row 34 of the capacitor elements 27. The upper level steam distribution manifolds 66 may be suspended from the heat exchange module frame in the same manner that the upper steam distribution manifolds 28 are suspended from the heat exchange module frame . Likewise, the upper level steam distribution headers 66 extend perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange panels and are connected to the heat exchange panels at respective central points through a plurality of Y-shaped nozzles to a pair of inlet/outlet caps of each pair of adjacent heat exchange panels. In this embodiment, the lower steam header 32 and riser 30 are omitted, and the upper level steam header is fed directly from the turbine exhaust duct, which is itself elevated to the level of the upper level steam header.

[00100] According to a further alternative embodiment of the present invention, which is shown in FIG. 35-37, a plurality of upper level steam distribution manifolds 66 may be connected to ground level turbine exhaust duct 76 via end risers 78.

[00101] According to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the air-cooled condensers of the present invention are designed in a modular manner. In various embodiments, base 62, condenser modules 37, and ventilation sections 64 may be mounted separately and simultaneously at ground level. In one embodiment, the heat exchange module frame can be raised on a field-mounted base high enough to suspend the upper steam distribution manifold 28 from the underside of the heat exchange module frame. The heat exchange panels 2 are then lowered and attached to the frame 36 of the condenser module 37 and to the upper steam manifold 28, preferably at ground level or slightly above, as shown in FIG. 20A and 20B. Once the installation is complete, the mounted condenser module 37 with the upper steam distribution manifold 28 attached can be lifted and placed on top of the appropriately made base 62 (FIGS. 22 and 23).

[00102] A ventilation section 64 for each CVO module 27, comprising a ventilation section frame, a fan support supported on the ventilation section frame, one or more fans, and one or more fan hoods, can be mounted at ground level with a single large fan, as shown, for example, in FIG. 13A, 13B, 14, 15, 21, 21B and 24-29, or it can be mounted (also at ground level) with a plurality of oblong fan baseplates 72, each of which serves as a support for a plurality of small fans 74 arranged in row as shown in Fig. 30-32. Each of the fan base plates 72 is preferably sized to fit in a standard shipping container. Accordingly, the fans 74 may be factory attached to the fan baseplates 72 and transported to the final assembly site. An exemplary fan 74 is shown in FIG. 33. In various embodiments, fan motors may be NEMA or electronically commutated. In preferred aspects of multiple fan baseplate embodiments, each fan draws air over no more than two heat exchange panels, fan replacement is greatly simplified, and the loss of one or even more fans does not significantly affect performance.

[00103] The completed respective ventilation section 64 (FIGS. 21A and 21B or FIGS. 31 and 32) is then lifted to fit over the condenser module 37 (FIGS. 24). Alternatively, the ventilator frame (in the absence of any fans or fan baseplates) can be lifted over the condenser module 37, and the fan baseplates 72 can be lifted over the ventilator frame 64 after the ventilator frame is installed over the condenser module 37. Although the assembly described in this document, presented as carried out at ground level, the assembly of various modules can be carried out in their final position, if allowed by the planning and construction schemes.

[00104] Each feature and alternative embodiment herein is intended and provided for operation and use in conjunction with each of the other features and embodiments described herein, except for embodiments with which it is incompatible. Thus, each configuration of heat exchange modules that is described in this document (for example, single-stage or multi-stage), and each configuration of heat exchange panels that is described in this document (in which, for example, all panels are vertical, all panels are tilted in the same way, each panel slopes in its own direction), each type of pipe and each type of fin described in this document, each steam header configuration described in this document, and each fan configuration (single fan or multiple fan) are designed for use in a variety of assemblies air-cooled condensers with each combination of embodiments with which they are compatible, and the present invention is not intended to be limited by the exemplary combinations of embodiments that are presented in the specification and in the figures for illustrative purposes.

Claims (57)

1. Large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser connected to an industrial steam generator plant and comprising: one or a plurality of condenser ducts, each condenser duct comprising a number of condenser modules, each condenser module comprising a ventilation section containing a single fan or a plurality of fans drawing air through a plurality of heat exchange panels supported in the heat exchange section, and each heat exchange panel having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis perpendicular to the corresponding longitudinal axis; wherein each heat exchange panel comprises a plurality of pipes, the top cover is connected and in fluid communication with the top end of each pipe, the bottom cover is connected and in fluid communication with the bottom end of at least a subset of said pipes, and said bottom cover has a single steam inlet; wherein each said condenser channel contains a steam distribution manifold suspended from said heat exchange section and located along an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said heat exchange panels at the central point of said heat exchange panels, and extending along said condenser channel under a plurality of heat exchange panels , wherein said steam distribution manifold comprises a cylinder having first and second ends, said cylinder is closed at a second end remote from said first end, wherein said cylinder contains on its upper surface a plurality of connections, and each of said plurality of connections is configured to be attached to a corresponding said single steam inlet. 2. The large-scale, field-mounted, industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein each heat exchange panel comprises a single-stage condenser, and wherein all tubes in the heat exchange board receive steam from the lower end of said tubes. 3. The large-scale, field-mounted, industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein each heat exchange panel includes a secondary condenser section, a primary condenser section, and a top cover that is connected to and in fluid communication with the upper end of each tube in said secondary condenser section and said primary condenser sections, a primary bottom cover is connected to and in fluid communication with the bottom end of each tube in said primary condenser sections, an internal secondary chamber within the bottom cover is connected to and in fluid communication with the bottom end of each tube in said primary condenser sections. said secondary condenser section, said secondary bottom cap is attached to the top side of said primary bottom cap, and each said primary bottom cap contains a single steam inlet. 4. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 3, wherein each heat exchange panel comprises two primary condenser sections laterally adjacent to said secondary section. 5. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 4, wherein the secondary condenser section is centrally located along said heat exchange panel and is flanked at each end by primary condenser sections. 6. The large-scale, field-mounted, industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein said steam distribution manifold cylinder is attached at a first end to a turbine exhaust duct. 7. The large-scale, field-mounted, industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein said steam distribution manifold is closed at both ends and has a single connection to a steam riser at its lower surface. 8. The large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein each said heat exchange panel is independently suspended from a heat exchange section frame by a plurality of flexible suspension supports. 9. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the same direction. 10. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the vertical direction. 11. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the same direction, at the same angle with respect to the vertical. 12. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, in which all of the heat exchange panels on one side of the single heat exchange section are inclined with respect to the vertical in one direction and all of the heat exchange panels on the other side of the single heat exchange section are inclined with respect to the vertical in the opposite direction. 13. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, wherein said ventilation section comprises a single fan located on a fan support frame and drawing air over all said heat exchange panels in said heat exchange section. 14. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, wherein said ventilation section comprises a plurality of fan base plates located on a fan base frame, each of said fan base plates comprising a plurality of fans. 15. The large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 14, wherein each fan draws air over no more than two heat exchange panels. 16. The large-scale, field-mounted, industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 8, wherein each of said flexible hangers includes a central rod attached at each end to a stub, and one stub of each flexible hanger is connected to said frame of the heat exchange section and the second connecting sleeve of each flexible suspension support is connected to the tube sheet of the specified heat exchange panel. 17. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein said plurality of pipes in said heat exchange panels have a length of 2.0 to 2.8 m, a cross-sectional height of 120 mm, and a cross-sectional width of is from 4 to 10 mm. 18. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 17, wherein said tubes have a cross-sectional width of 5.2 to 7 mm. 19. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 18, wherein said tubes have a cross-sectional width of 6.0 mm. 20. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein said plurality of pipes in said heat exchange panels have fins attached to the flat sides of said pipes, said fins having a height of 9 to 10 mm and spaced at intervals of 5 to 12 ribs per inch. 21. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 3, wherein said plurality of pipes in said heat exchange panels have fins attached to the flat sides of said pipes, said fins having a height of 18 to 20 mm, occupy the space between adjacent tubes and are in contact with adjacent tubes, and said ribs are spaced at intervals of 5 to 12 ribs per inch. 22. A method of mounting a large-scale field-mounted air-cooled condenser according to claim 1, including: installation of the heat exchange section at ground level, including the frame of the heat exchange section and said heat exchange panels; fastening said heat exchange section at a sufficient height above ground level only to suspend the steam distribution header section directly below and adjacent to said heat exchange panels, installation of a ventilation section with a fan support and a fan assembly at ground level; lifting said mounted heat exchanger section and said steam distribution header section and placing on top of a respective base; connection of adjacent steam distribution manifold sections to each other; And lifting said mounted ventilation section and placing on top of said heat exchange section. 23. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser connected to an industrial steam generator plant, comprising: one or a plurality of condenser ducts, each condenser duct comprising a number of condenser modules, each condenser module comprising a ventilation section comprising a single fan or a plurality of fans drawing air through a plurality of heat exchange panels and supported in the heat exchange section, and each heat exchange panel having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis perpendicular to the respective longitudinal axis; wherein each heat exchange panel comprises a plurality of condenser tubes, a top cap is connected to and in fluid communication with an upper end of each of said plurality of condenser tubes, a bottom cap is connected and in fluid communication with a lower end of each of said plurality of condenser tubes, and each said bottom cover contains a single steam inlet; wherein each said condenser channel contains a single steam distribution manifold suspended from and immediately adjacent to the lower side of said heat exchange section, located along an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said heat exchange panels at the central point of said heat exchange panels and extends along said condenser channel, the specified steam distribution header contains a cylinder attached at the first end to the turbine exhaust channel and closed at the second end remote from the specified first end, and the specified cylinder contains on its upper surface a plurality of connections made with the possibility of attaching to the specified inlets of the bottom cover. 24. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 23, wherein each heat exchange panel comprises only one stage, with all pipes in the heat exchange panel receiving steam from the lower end of said pipes. 25. The large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 23, wherein said top cap is configured to receive non-condensable gases from said condenser tubes. 26. The large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 23, wherein each said heat exchange panel is suspended from a condenser module frame by a plurality of flexible suspension supports. 27. The large-scale, field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 26, wherein each of said flexible suspension supports includes a central rod attached at each end to a connecting sleeve, and wherein one connecting sleeve of each flexible suspension support is connected to said condenser module frame and the second connecting sleeve of each flexible suspension support is attached to the tube sheet of said heat exchange panel. 28. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to claim 23, wherein said plurality of condenser tubes have a length of 2.0 to 2.8 m, a cross-sectional height of 120 mm, and a cross-sectional width of 4 up to 10 mm. 29. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 28, wherein said condenser tubes have a cross-sectional width of 5.2 to 7 mm. 30. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 29, wherein said condenser tubes have a cross-sectional width of 6.0 mm. 31. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 23, wherein said plurality of condenser tubes have ribs attached to the flat sides of said tubes, said ribs having a height of 9 to 10 mm and spaced 5 to 12 ribs per inch. 32. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 23, wherein said plurality of condenser tubes have ribs attached to the flat sides of said tubes, said ribs having a height of 18 to 20 mm, occupying a space between adjacent tubes and are in contact with adjacent tubes, wherein said fins are spaced at intervals of 5 to 12 fins per inch. 33. The method of mounting a large-scale field-mounted air-cooled condenser according to claim 23, including: installation of the heat exchange section at ground level, including the frame of the heat exchange section and said heat exchange panels; fastening said heat exchange section at a sufficient height above ground level only to suspend the steam distribution header section directly below and adjacent to said heat exchange panels, installation of a ventilation section with a fan support and a fan assembly at ground level; lifting said mounted heat exchanger section and said steam distribution header section and placing on top of a respective base; connection of adjacent steam distribution manifold sections to each other; And lifting said mounted ventilation section and placing on top of said heat exchange section. 34. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 23-32 in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the same direction. 35. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 23-32, in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the vertical direction. 36. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 23-32, in which all of the heat exchange panels in a single heat exchange section are oriented in the same direction, at the same angle with respect to the vertical. 37. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 23-32, in which all of the heat exchange panels on one side of the single heat exchange section are inclined with respect to the vertical in one direction and all of the heat exchange panels on the other side of the single heat exchange section are inclined with respect to the vertical in the opposite direction. 38. Large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser according to any one of paragraphs. 23-32, in which said ventilation section containing a plurality of fan base plates is on a fan base frame, each of said fan base plates contains a plurality of fans, and each fan draws air through no more than two heat exchange panels. 39. The large-scale field-mounted industrial air-cooled steam condenser of claim 1, wherein said top cap is configured to receive non-condensable gases from said condenser tubes.

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