RU2714060C1 - Method of making a composite reinforcement mesh from non-metallic materials, a production line for its implementation and a composite reinforcement mesh based thereon - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a method of making a composite reinforcement mesh of non-metallic materials, to a production line for its implementation and a composite reinforcement mesh based thereon. Method of producing a composite reinforcement mesh made from non-metallic materials involves using, for forming a mesh of hardened transversely oriented roving-based rods, in their formation from uncured longitudinally oriented strands of roving and netting in the form of a group of matrices with longitudinally oriented spinneret channels. Then roving strands are passed through spinneret channels of matrices, in crosswise spacing of strands at their exit from matrix spinneret channels, in laying between crosswise adjacent strands of hardened transversely oriented rod. At that, during rotation of matrices of crosswise arranged adjacent strands, said strands are interleaved and docked with crosswise oriented rod. Formed mesh is stretched through polymerisation and cooling chambers for stabilization of parameters of produced reinforcement mesh and joints of connections between longitudinal and transverse rods. Then their position is stabilized in the fixed hole coaxial with the spinneret of the corresponding matrix. Production line for fabrication of composite reinforcement net from non-metallic materials comprises series-connected interconnected roving threads supply module based on rack with bobbins of roving threads and leveling device forming strands of roving threads, roving strands drying module, roving strands impregnating unit with binder excess detachment unit and roving web formation from uncured longitudinally oriented strands of roving, module for forming and weaving of mesh in the form of group of matrices, kinematically connected to each other. Unit of roving web forming from uncured longitudinally oriented strands has transverse guide, along which groups of vertically oriented ledges for separation of roving web into strip strands are successively located. In a composite reinforcement mesh of non-metallic materials, mesh cells formation zone is formed by belt strands of roving strands of the formed longitudinal rod, which are oriented in direction of longitudinal axis of transversely oriented rod and cover sections of its surface from opposite sides of horizontal plane passing through its longitudinal axis.

EFFECT: due to elimination of deformation and rupture of tape roving, reliability and strength of docking areas between formed longitudinally-oriented uncured rods with transversely oriented rods from hardened material is improved, operational reliability of the equipment of the production line is increased.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to processes and equipment for the manufacture of reinforcing composite mesh of non-metallic materials used for reinforcing masonry and brickwork, concrete structures, to strengthen the soil, as well as for fencing and increasing the life of roads.

A known method of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh of non-metallic materials, which consists in the formation of a reinforcing mesh of composite rods with an uncured polymer binder, in the connection of intersections of longitudinally and transversely oriented composite rods due to the uncured polymer binder released from the rods when compressing the intersections of the rods in curing points of intersection of the grid after compression (see patent RU No. 2404892, publ. 11/27/2010).

When implementing the invention in a particular case, it is possible to form a reinforcing mesh of composite rods, some of which are made with an uncured polymer binder.

To implement this process, according to the description of the technical solution according to patent No. 2404892, using well-known technological equipment intended for the manufacture of rovings of mineral (glass, basalt, carbon, etc.) rods of round or flat cross section with the implementation of the necessary technological operations, including removal of moisture from roving threads in the annealing chamber, impregnation of roving threads with a polymer binder, removal of excess polymer binder, molding rods.

Prepared rods arrive at the conveyor belt, moving them through the elements of equipment. The distance between the longitudinal rods is regulated by a comb placed in front of the conveyor. The transverse rods are placed in the moving grips of the conveyor using a telescopic mechanism - a “mechanical arm”. The resulting joints of the joints of the longitudinal and transverse rods are compressed on the conveyor by pinch rollers. In this state, the rods and intersections are heated at the same time, and then the cured mesh is cooled and cut to the required length.

However, the formed cross junction of the connection between longitudinally and transversely oriented composite rods is characterized by low strength and reliability during operation of the reinforcing mesh under the conditions of perception of its power loads in different directions, which cause, inter alia, warping of the surface of the reinforcing mesh.

Known production line for the manufacture of composite reinforcing mesh from non-metallic materials based on mineral rovings (glass, basalt, carbon, etc.), containing sequentially installed, interconnected feeding module of roving threads based on a rack with roving filament spools and leveling device, drying module roving threads, roving thread impregnation module with a unit for removing excess binder and forming a roving fabric from uncured longitudinally oriented roving strands, forming module weaving and weaving a mesh in the form of a group kinematically connected with each other, having a drive, transversely oriented to longitudinally oriented strands of the fabric, matrices with longitudinally oriented axes of rotation and spinneret channels for passing strands of roving, forming longitudinally oriented rods when rotating these matrices the grafting of cross-oriented adjacent roving strands and forming mesh cells when they are joined with a transversely-oriented cured rod placed by the module LadKom between cross strands oriented at an exit from spinnerets matrices, as well as pulling unit formed with grid chambers polymerization and cooling, the stabilizing parameters formed reinforcing mesh and joints connections between the longitudinal and transverse rods (see. patent RU№173663, publ. September 5, 2017).

A method of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh, implemented by the production line, is as follows:

in use for forming a grid of cured transversely oriented rods based on roving;

in the formation of a web of uncured longitudinally oriented roving strands in front of the mesh forming and weaving module as a group of matrices with longitudinally oriented spinneret channels;

in passing the uncured longitudinally oriented strands of roving through the die channels of the matrices;

in cross-breeding strands when they exit from spunbond channels of matrices;

laying between crosswise adjacent strands of roving of a cured transversely oriented rod;

in the transplantation of cross-linked adjacent strands with their docking with a transversely oriented rod located between them to form longitudinally oriented rods and a docking zone with a transversely oriented cured rod with the formation of cells of the formed mesh during matrix rotation;

in pulling the formed mesh through the polymerization and cooling chambers to stabilize the parameters of the resulting reinforcing mesh and joints of joints between longitudinal and transverse rods.

However, during the implementation of the technological process during the rotation of kinematically connected groups of matrices that transpose crosswise arranged adjacent strands of roving forming longitudinally oriented rods of uncured material and their joining zone with a transversely oriented cured rod to form mesh cells, the transposition of uncured strands occurs simultaneously roving in front of the die channels of the matrices, which affects the physical and mechanical characteristics of the roving strands due to e their entanglement and rupture, this violates the integrity of the formed roving fabric, the strength and stability of strands of threads when pulling them through the die channels of the matrices, the operational reliability of the line equipment deteriorates due to the instability of the process when pulling uncured strands of roving through the die channels, the reliability and strength of the zones joints between formed longitudinally oriented uncured rods with transversely oriented rods from birth material.

The technical result, in terms of the method of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh from non-metallic materials, is to stabilize the supply of roving strands to the formation zone of longitudinally oriented rods and mesh cells to improve the reliability and strength of the joining zones between formed longitudinally oriented uncured rods with transversely oriented rods of cured material.

The technical result, in terms of the production line for the manufacture of composite reinforcing mesh from non-metallic materials, is to stabilize the supply of roving strands to the formation zone of longitudinally oriented rods and mesh cells to improve the process of connecting the longitudinal and transverse rods of the formed reinforcing mesh and increase the operational reliability of the line.

The technical result, in terms of composite reinforcing mesh of non-metallic materials, is to increase the reliability of the connection of longitudinally and transversely oriented rods during the formation of mesh cells.

The stated technical result in terms of the method of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh made of non-metallic materials is achieved by using roving-based cured transversely oriented rods to form a mesh, in the formation of non-cured longitudinally oriented strands of roving ropes in front of the mesh forming and weaving module in the form of a group of matrices with longitudinal -oriented spinneret channels, in passing strands of roving through spunbond channels of matrices, in cross-breeding of strands of and their exit from the die channels of the matrices, placed between cross-linked adjacent strands of a cured transversely oriented rod, interchanged during rotation of the matrices of cross-arranged adjacent strands with their mating with a transversely oriented rod located between them to form longitudinally oriented rods and cells formed mesh, in pulling the formed mesh through the polymerization and cooling chambers to stabilize the parameters of the resulting reinforcing mesh and joints of joints between two longitudinal and transverse rods, while, according to the invention, divide the fabric from longitudinally oriented strands of roving into a group of ribbons, each of which is formed by two adjacent ribbons and which are displaced relative to each other in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal axis of rotation of each matrix, pass them through fixed stabilizers, at the exit of which adjacent tapes are oriented in the longitudinal direction, are combined with each other and stabilize their position in the fixed hole coaxial with the nozzles m channel of the corresponding matrix, through which the combined tapes are passed and separated at the output into two strips with a reorientation of their longitudinal axes in the direction opposite to the direction of their orientation before entering the die channel of the matrix, the aforementioned strip of bands are passed through the matrix stabilizers adjacent to the longitudinal axis of the die channel, the exit from which the tape strips cross-drive into the zone of formation of a longitudinally oriented rod and a cross-docking connection with a transverse-orientation an integrated rod for forming a reinforcing mesh.

According to the invention, when dividing the web into a group of tapes, the width of each tape in each group does not exceed the radius of rotation of the matrices.

The technical result achieved in terms of the production line for the production of composite reinforcing mesh made of non-metallic materials is achieved by a sequential arrangement of interconnected roving filing modules based on a rack with roving filament bobbins and an alignment device forming roving filament strands, roving strand drying module, roving strand impregnation module with a unit for removing excess binder and forming a roving web from uncured longitudinally oriented roving strands, a forming module and weaving a mesh in the form of a group kinematically connected with each other, having a drive, transversely oriented to longitudinally oriented strands of the web, matrices with longitudinally oriented axes of rotation and spinneret channels for passing strands of roving that form longitudinally oriented rods during matrix rotation when transposing crosswise oriented adjacent adjacent strands of roving and forming mesh cells when docking with a transversely oriented cured rod placed by the stacking module between cross-oriented strands at the exit from the die of matrices, as well as a module for pulling the formed mesh with polymerization and cooling chambers that stabilize the parameters of the formed reinforcing mesh and joints of joints between longitudinal and transverse rods, while, according to the invention, the unit for forming a roving web from longitudinally uncured -oriented strands has a transverse guide along which there are successively arranged groups of vertically oriented projections for dividing the roving web into l Ribbon strands, the extreme protrusions of each group are located with a step offset relative to the longitudinal axis of rotation of the matrix not exceeding the radius of their rotation, the centrally located protrusion between them is oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis of rotation of the matrix, between the transverse guide of the roving web forming unit and the mesh forming and weaving module based on groups of matrices is a cross member having fixed stabilizers longitudinally oriented in the direction of the extreme protrusions of each group of protrusions with openings for passing adjacent ribbon strands and holes made in this cross-section, which are aligned with the die channels of the matrices, on each of which, on both sides of the die channel and opposite to the placement of the indicated stabilizers, additional longitudinally-oriented stabilizers are installed with openings for openings for passing through them from the spinneret channel of the matrix of the tape strand, divided into two tape strips for their cross-cutting into the zone of formation of the cells of the reinforcing tki.

According to the invention, above the transverse guide of the roving web forming unit of the uncured longitudinally oriented yarns, a second guide parallel to it is mounted with a group of vertically oriented protrusions directed in opposite directions to the extreme and central protrusions of the first guide.

According to the invention, the vertically oriented protrusions of the tiered transverse guides are interconnected.

The technical result achieved in terms of a composite reinforcing mesh of non-metallic materials manufactured in accordance with the process being implemented, according to the invention, is achieved by the fact that the formation zone of the mesh cells is formed by tape strips of roving strands of the formed longitudinal rod, which are oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the transversely oriented rod and cover parts of its surface on opposite sides of a horizontal plane passing through its longitudinal smiling.

When implementing the invention, both in terms of the method of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh from non-metallic materials, and in the part of the production line for its implementation, the process of supplying roving threads to the formation zone of the cells of the reinforcing mesh is stabilized, which is explained by the elimination of deformation of tape strands of roving threads during reverse twisting before passing them into the die channels of the matrices, while ensuring a uniform distribution of power stresses in the roving threads when they are pulled due to a change in direction orientation of the longitudinal axes of the roving strands before entering them into the die channels of the matrices and when leaving them, as a result, the reliability and strength of the joining zones between formed longitudinally oriented non-cured rods with transversely oriented rods of cured material are improved, the operational reliability of the production line is generally increased, reliability and strength of the connection of longitudinally and transversely oriented rods during the formation of mesh cells.

In the analysis of the prior art, no technical solutions have been identified that have a set of features similar to the claimed technical solution for solving the set technical result, which indicates that the technical solution meets the criteria of the invention: "novelty", "inventive step", "industrial applicability".

These circumstances are confirmed by the following description of the invention and graphic materials, where:

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a production line for manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh of non-metallic materials;

FIG. 2 schematically shows a fragment of the production line processing equipment.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a fragment of the transverse guides with the protrusions of the roving web forming unit of the uncured longitudinally oriented threads;

FIG. 4 - schematically shows a fragment of the formed mesh cell.

When implementing the invention, traditionally known industrially produced materials and equipment are used for technological lines intended for the manufacture of composite reinforcing rods from non-metallic materials and reinforcing mesh based on them, including, for example, based on materials and equipment provided, for example, in Russian patents No. 173663, publ. 09/05/2017, No. 2620804, publ. 05/29/2017

The production line for the manufacture of composite reinforcing mesh from non-metallic materials based on mineral rovings (glass, basalt, carbon, etc.) contains sequentially located and interconnected:

the feed module for 1 roving thread based on a rack with bobbins of roving threads and a leveling device, which is located behind the bobbins in the direction of movement of the threads, supports the threads from sagging in a tension state (within the allowable tensile strength) and gives the threads a certain trajectory of movement with the formation of strands of roving . To install the feed module 1, a frame is used, while module 1 can be located on the lower tier of the line — below the other modules of the line and below the floor of the workshop on which other modules are located;

a drying module 2 of roving strands in the form of a drying chamber, which is connected to the feed module 1, for example, through frames (not shown) of these modules. Preferably, the drying of the threads is carried out in the process of drawing them through a heat chamber (not shown);

impregnation module of 3 roving strands with a unit for removing excess binder from the formed strands and the formation of roving blades from uncured longitudinally oriented strands. The impregnation module contains an impregnation bath filled with a polymer binder, a tensioning device with a control mechanism, which is located above the impregnation bath for the convenience of regulating the tension. After the impregnation bath, roving strands pass through the excess binder removal unit (not shown);

module for forming and weaving mesh 4 in the form of a group kinematically connected with each other, having a drive, transversely oriented to longitudinally oriented strands of the web, matrices 5 with longitudinally oriented axes of rotation and die channels 6 for passing strands of roving forming longitudinally oriented rods when transplanting cross-oriented adjacent roving strands and forming mesh cells when they are joined with a transversely oriented cured rod. To implement the invention, it is preferable to use the design of a group of matrices according to RF patent No. 173663, in which the matrices are made in the form of gears mounted on a frame by means of longitudinally oriented shafts engaged with each other, connected to an electric motor that rotates them. The number of gears is equal to the number of cells in one row of the formed mesh;

transversely oriented to the longitudinal axes of rotation of the matrices, laying module 7 for a transversely oriented cured rod 8 based on the roving. As a stacking module, a stacker can be used, for example, according to patent No. 173663;

a module 11 for pulling the formed mesh and cutting it, as well as polymerization chambers 9 and cooling 10 located in front of the module 11. When implementing the invention, the polymerization chamber is preferably made in the form of a conveyor with heating elements located above it in the form of heating elements, infrared emitters and other heaters , and the cooling chamber is in the form of a bath. The speed of the conveyor and the module pulling mesh synchronized.

The unit for forming a roving web from uncured longitudinally oriented threads of the impregnation module 3 has a transverse guide 12 along which a group of vertically oriented protrusions is arranged sequentially for dividing the roving web into tape strands 13. The extreme protrusions 14 of each group are located with a step offset “S” relative to the longitudinal the axis of rotation of the matrix not exceeding the radius of its rotation. The central protrusion 15 of each group is located between the extreme protrusions 14 and in a longitudinally vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of rotation of the second matrix 5. To improve the contact interaction of the roving sheet with the transverse guide 12, a second cross member 16 with vertically oriented protrusions directed towards the protrusions 14 and 15 of the first cross member 11, and preferably connected with them. The presence of the cross member 16 with the protrusions improves the reliability of the separation of the roving web into tape strands 13 and prevents them from tearing off the guide 12.

Between the transverse guide 12 of the roving web forming unit and the matrix group 5, there is a fixed cross member 17 having fixed stabilizers 18 longitudinally oriented in the direction of the extreme protrusions 14 of each group with holes for passing adjacent tape strands 13 and longitudinally oriented holes located between adjacent fixed stabilizers, each of which is coaxial with the die channel 6 of the matrix 5. On each matrix 5 on both sides relative to the longitudinal axis of the die channel 6 and on the side opposite to the placement of the indicated stabilizers 18, opposite longitudinally oriented stabilizers 19 are installed opposite with openings for passing through them the tape strips 20 obtained by separating the matrix of combined tape strands emerging from the die channel 13. The adjacent tape strips 20 cross into the cell formation zone of the reinforcing mesh and longitudinally oriented rod 21.

Each line module is connected to the line modules by an electric cable of a line control system (not shown), which is connected to a control panel comprising a control cabinet. The control and power components of the modules are part of the control module (not shown) of the production line.

The technological process of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh from non-metallic materials by a flow line is as follows:

roving, for example, from glass fibers (filaments) from the bobbins of feed module 1 passes into a leveling device that separates the roving web into separate strands, which are transported to the drying chamber of drying module 2, which removes moisture at elevated temperatures.

Then the strands of rovings enter the impregnation module 3 filled with a polymeric binder with an elevated temperature, pass through its tensioning device, a unit for removing excess binder from the formed strands and exit to the web forming unit from longitudinally oriented roving strands. The canvas is divided from longitudinally oriented strands of roving into a group of ribbons, each group is formed by two adjacent ribbons, the width of each of which does not exceed the radius of rotation of the matrices 5 of module 4 of forming and weaving the mesh. Adjacent tapes of each group are displaced relative to each other in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal axis of rotation of each matrix 5 and passed through the holes of the stationary stabilizers 18, at the exit of which adjacent tapes are oriented in the longitudinal direction, are combined with each other and stabilize their position in the fixed hole coaxial with the spinneret channel 6 of the corresponding matrix 5, through which the combined tapes are passed and at the output are divided into two tape strips 20 with a reorientation of their longitudinal axes in the opposite direction of their orientation before entering into the die channel 6 of the matrix 5. Pass the tape strips 20 through the stabilizers 19 of each matrix adjacent to the longitudinal axis of the die channel 5. When the tape strips 20 exit from the holes of the stabilizers 19, they cross into the zone of formation of a longitudinally oriented rod . A transversely oriented rod 8 is cured on the basis of a roving and cured on the basis of a roving 8 in the area between the cross-joined tape strips 20. When the matrices 5 are kinematically connected to each other, they rotate a cross-linked group of adjacent tape strips and align them with the cross-oriented ones located between them rod 8, while longitudinally oriented rods 20 and mesh cells are simultaneously formed. The formed mesh is pulled by the module 11 through the polymerization chambers 9 and cooling 10 to stabilize the parameters of the resulting reinforcing mesh and the joining zones between the longitudinal 21 and transverse 8 rods.

In a composite reinforcing mesh made of nonmetallic materials, made of a flow line, the zone of formation of mesh cells is formed by tape roving stripes of the formed longitudinal rod, which are oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis II-II of the transversely oriented rod and cover parts of its surface from opposite sides of the horizontal plane passing through its longitudinal axis, which optimizes the contact surface interaction of the transversely oriented rod with tape bands of the roving b of additional compression or other deformation effects.

When implementing a method of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh from non-metallic materials and a production line for its implementation, the deformation of the roving strands of the roving and their rupture in front of the die channels of the matrices are eliminated, which stabilizes the process of feeding the roving strands to the formation zone of the reinforcing mesh cells, while the reliability and strength of the joining zones between formed by longitudinally oriented non-cured rods with transversely oriented rods of cured material Discount reliability of the production line equipment, increases the strength of the composite mesh reinforcement produced according to the process of its manufacture, implemented on-line equipment for the production of composite wire mesh made of nonmetallic materials.

Claims (6)

1. A method of manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh of non-metallic materials, which consists in using a cured transversely oriented rods based on roving to form a mesh, in the formation of non-cured longitudinally oriented strands of roving ropes in front of a mesh forming and weaving module in the form of a group of matrices with longitudinally oriented spinneret channels, in passing strands of roving through spunbond channels of matrices, in cross-breeding of strands upon their exit from spunbond channels of matrices, laying between cross-linked adjacent strands of the cured transversely oriented rod, interchanging during rotation of the matrices of cross-arranged adjacent strands with their mating with the laterally oriented rod located between them to form longitudinally oriented rods and cells of the formed mesh, in drawing the formed mesh through the polymerization chambers and cooling to stabilize the parameters of the resulting reinforcing mesh and joints of joints between longitudinal and transverse rods, o characterized in that the web of longitudinally oriented roving strands is divided into a group of ribbons, each of which is formed by two adjacent ribbons and which are displaced relative to each other in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal axis of rotation of each matrix, pass them through stationary stabilizers, at the exit of which are adjacent the tapes of each group are oriented in the longitudinal direction, combined with each other and stabilize their position in the fixed hole coaxial with the spinneret channel of the corresponding matrix, h Through which the combined tapes are passed and separated at the exit into two strips with the reorientation of their longitudinal axes in the direction opposite to the direction of their orientation before entering the die channel of the matrix, the said tape strips are passed through the matrix stabilizers adjacent to the longitudinal axis of the die channel, at the exit of which are tape strips cross-drive into the zone of formation of a longitudinally oriented rod and a cross-docking connection with a transverse-oriented rod to form reinforcing mesh. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when dividing the canvas into a group of tapes, the width of each tape in each group does not exceed the radius of rotation of the matrices. 3. A production line for manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh made of non-metallic materials, comprising sequentially interconnected roving filing module based on a rack with roving filament spools and leveling device forming roving strands, roving strand drying module, roving strand impregnation module with a removal unit excess binder and roving web formation from uncured longitudinally oriented roving strands, a module for forming and weaving a mesh in the form of a kinematically group interconnected, having a drive, transversely oriented to longitudinally oriented strands of the web of matrices with longitudinally oriented axes of rotation and die channels for passing roving strands, forming longitudinally oriented rods during rotation of the matrices when transposing cross-oriented adjacent roving strands and forming cells mesh when docking them with a transversely oriented cured rod placed by the stacking module between cross-oriented strands at the exit and die of matrices, as well as a module for pulling the formed mesh with polymerization and cooling chambers stabilizing the parameters of the formed reinforcing mesh and joints of joints between the longitudinal and transverse rods, characterized in that the unit for forming the roving web from uncured longitudinally oriented strands has a transverse guide along which there are groups of vertically oriented protrusions for dividing the roving cloth into ribbon strands, the extreme protrusions of each group are located with a step offset relative to the longitudinal axis of rotation of the matrix, not exceeding the radius of rotation, the centrally located protrusion between them is oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis of rotation of the matrix, between the transverse guide of the roving web forming unit and the mesh forming and weaving module based on the matrix group there is a cross member having fixed stabilizers longitudinally oriented towards the extreme protrusions of each group of protrusions with holes for passing adjacent tape strands and openings in it, which are coaxial with the die channels of the matrices, on each of which on both sides of the die channel and on the side opposite to the placement of the indicated stabilizers, additional longitudinally-oriented stabilizers with holes for passing through them the ribbon strand matrix divided into two tape strips for their cross information in a zone of formation of cells of a reinforcing grid. 4. A production line for manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh made of non-metallic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that a second guide parallel to it is mounted parallel to it above the transverse guide of the roving web assembly from the uncured longitudinally oriented threads, with a group of vertically oriented protrusions directed opposite to extreme and central protrusions of the first guide. 5. A production line for manufacturing a composite reinforcing mesh of non-metallic materials according to claim 4, characterized in that the vertically oriented protrusions of the tiered transverse guides are interconnected. 6. A composite reinforcing mesh made of non-metallic materials, fabricated according to claim 1, characterized in that the meshing zone is formed by tape strips of roving strands of the formed longitudinal bar, which are oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the transversely oriented bar and cover parts of its surface on opposite sides of the horizontal a plane passing through its longitudinal axis.

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