RU2708105C1 - Compact plenum ventilation system (device as a whole), device for forced air supply and ventilation grid (independent parts of device) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ventilation, mainly ventilation of living quarters. Supply ventilation system consists of an inlet grid consisting of a hollow cylinder body, inclined blades located inside the housing from the outer edge, wherein at least two inclined blades in the housing lower part are made with elongation; air channel, inside which filter is installed; forced air supply device consisting of a housing made of a decorative panel and a bearing panel with a seat, a scroll comprising a main housing adjacent to the seat of the housing, and a cover, a radial fan locked inside the scroll, a gate, an electronics unit, at that canal is arranged inside main housing and scroll cover to gradually increase channel depth and cross-sectional width along air flow to form asymmetric diffuser.

EFFECT: efficient air supply due to reduction of aerodynamic resistance.

15 cl, 9 dwg

Description

Application area

The invention relates to the field of ventilation, mainly ventilation of premises. Designed for forced supply from the street to the room of purified and possibly heated air.

State of the art

Known air supply and ventilation device (document RU2194222 publ. 10.12.2002) the device includes a heat-insulating housing, an adjustable ventilation grill, a protective front grille, a porous insulation located in the housing, thrust strips, a windproof valve in the form of a plate, pivotally fixed in the upper part housing, or equal-angled corners, pivotally mounted in the side walls of the housing with the ability to move relative to the axis of fixation, or unequal corners, pivotally secured in the side wall body movable relative to the anchoring axis.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to change the direction of the flow of air entering the room and, as a result, the inefficient air supply to the room.

Known forced-air ventilation device, built into the external walls of buildings (document RU130050 publ. 10.07.2013). The device comprises a housing, the upper and lower surfaces of which are made of airtight material, an adjustable ventilation grille, a protective front grille, and a porous insulation. At an angle, respectively, to the upper and lower surfaces of the housing, at least two lamellar partitions and an airtight material are mounted rigidly parallel and counter to each other with the formation between them of a channel for air passage.

The disadvantage of this device is the inadequate filtration (purification from aerosols) of the air coming from the street with a porous insulation.

Known forced-air and ventilation system (document (document RU 176378 U1 publ. 17.01.2018) containing

a fan unit, filters, an inflow valve, a control unit electrically connected to an inflow valve, a hole is made in the body for connecting the body to the air duct and an air outlet grill for airflow, the fan unit is equipped with a fan, characterized in that the air intake grille is additionally made and the carbon dioxide sensor is placed, the hole for connecting the housing to the air duct and the intake grille are made in different planes, the control unit is electrically connected with a fan and contains a control board that is connected to a carbon dioxide sensor.

The disadvantage of this device is the formation of condensate on the air outlet grill, therefore, reducing the efficiency of the supply of purified air to the room.

Known patent RU 80923U1 publ. 02/27/2009, in which a fresh-air ventilation device (prototype) is disclosed, including a fresh-air supply channel placed in the wall, an electric air heater with overheating protection elements, an internal heat-insulated housing forming a channel for recirculating indoor air with a filter, fan and valve installed in it. The device is additionally equipped with an air temperature sensor at the outlet to the room and an automatic control system with an electric drive that controls the valve position according to the current temperature value of the air supplied to the room.

The disadvantage of this device is the inefficient air supply, due to the location inside the ventilation duct of an electric air heater and a silencer, which in turn increases aerodynamic drag and makes it difficult to supply air through the ventilation duct. In this case, a direct inlet through a central hole in the air casing from the ventilation duct causes various turbulences and non-laminar flows inside the casing, which affects the efficiency of the air supply. As well as the location in the upper part of the fan casing, if there are holes in the casing with top and bottom that communicate the internal space of the device casing and the internal space of the room, it also negatively affects the efficiency of air supply to the room, since the fan takes air from the ventilation duct and from the room through the bottom hole in the housing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is the creation of a device that provides an efficient air supply, while ensuring the proper degree of air purification and compliance with a given noise level.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of air supply. By the efficiency of air supply is meant the air supply to the room in a given mode under any external conditions with minimal internal aerodynamic resistance in the supply ventilation.

The technical result is achieved in the invention according to paragraph 1 of the formula due to the supply ventilation system consisting of an inlet grill made according to claim 11, an air channel, a forced air supply device made according to claim 4, and a filter is installed inside the air channel.

It is possible to carry out a fresh air ventilation system with a corrugated conical filter installed inside the air channel using an elastic and centering ring.

It is possible to implement a ventilation system with a corrugation step of the filter material of a conical filter of 3-8 mm.

In this case, it is possible to implement a forced ventilation system so that the forced air supply device is mounted rotatably with respect to the axis of the air channel.

The technical result is achieved in the invention according to independent claim 4 of the formula due to a forced air supply device consisting of a housing made of a decorative panel and a supporting panel with a seat, a snail containing a main body adjacent to the seat of the body, and a cover, a radial fan, fixed inside the cochlea, damper and electronics unit, while inside the main body and the cover of the cochlea a channel is made with the channel depth gradually increasing along the air and the width of the channel section with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser.

It is possible to implement a forced air supply device in which central holes coaxial with each other are made in the seat of the housing and the main body of the cochlea.

In this case, it is possible to perform in the forced air supply device in which heat-insulating material is applied to the damper.

In the forced air supply device at the outlet of the cochlea, a temperature sensor can be installed.

It is possible to implement a forced air supply device with a heater installed in the seat of the carrier panel.

It is possible to perform a forced air supply device with an adapter-insert installed in the seat of the carrier panel.

It is possible to perform a forced air supply device at which the opening angle of the asymmetric diffuser is 30-60 degrees.

The technical result is achieved in the invention according to paragraph 12 of the formula due to the input grille of the fresh air ventilation system, consisting of a housing in the form of a hollow cylinder, inclined slats located inside the housing from the outer edge, with at least two inclined slats in the lower part of the housing in the form hollow cylinder made with elongation.

It is possible to make the input grille of the supply ventilation system with the first in the lower part of the body in the form of a hollow cylinder with an inclined lamella made with less elongation.

It is possible to make the input grille of the supply ventilation system with placement in the case of the center of the inclined slats of the divider in the form of a vertical plate.

It is possible to carry out an inlet grille of the supply ventilation system with placement inside the case in the center of the first from the bottom and top of the inclined slats of the seats for the fastening elements.

The technical result is achieved due to the indicated design features by reducing aerodynamic drag inside the air channel and ensuring smooth, without significant turbulence, air flow from the street through the inlet grille through the air channel to the cochlea of the forced air supply device and further along the channel with gradually increasing along the air the depth of the channel and the width of the channel section with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser into the room.

Description of drawings

The claimed device is illustrated by the following figures.

The figure 1 shows a General view of the ventilation system.

The figure 2 shows a forced air supply device.

The figure 3 shows the dependence of the pressure drop on the filter components on the diameter of the Central element of the guide, where the solid line is the pressure drop on the Central element of the guide, and the dotted line is the pressure drop on the filter element.

The figure 4, 5 shows the input grille.

The figure 6 shows the distribution of air flow in the channel of the wall when installing a standard input grille, without elongated inclined slats, with the formation of the lower zone of swirling air flow.

The figure 7 shows the distribution of air flow in the channel of the wall when installing the inlet grille, with elongated and inclined slats.

In figure 8, the pleated conical filter is rejected.

Figure 9 shows a cross section of a cochlea.

Position 1 - input grille;

Position 2 - air channel;

Position 3 - elastic ring;

Position 4 - centering ring;

Position 5 - pleated conical filter;

Position 6 - forced air supply device;

Position 7 - decorative panel;

Position 8 - carrier panel;

Position 9 - seat on the carrier panel;

Position 10 - the main building;

Position 11 - cover;

Position 12 - channel cross-sectional width with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser;

Position 13 - radial fan;

Position 14 - shutter;

Position 15 - electronics unit;

Position 16 - heater;

Position 17 - adapter-insert;

Position 18 - wall;

Position 19 - the body in the form of a hollow cylinder;

Position 20 - a fringing ring;

Position 21 - inclined lamella;

Position 22 - inclined lamella with extension;

Position 23 - the first in the lower part of the body in the form of a hollow cylinder inclined lamella with less elongation;

Position 24 - divider;

Position 25 - temperature sensor;

Position 26 - snail;

Position 27 - output grille;

Position 28 - seats for fasteners in the input grille;

Position 29 - the lower zone of swirling and curving air flow in the air channel;

Position 30 - corrugation step;

Position 31 - channel depth;

α - opening angle

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The entrance grill 1 consists of a housing 19 in the form of a hollow cylinder, from the outer edge of which a fringing ring 20 is made, inclined lamellas 21 located inside the housing from the outer edge, with at least two inclined lamellas 22 in the lower part of the housing in the form of a hollow

cylinders are made with elongation, the first downward inclined lamella 23 is made with less elongation, a divider 24 is made in the form of a vertical plate inside the housing 19 in the center of the inclined lamellas 21, inside the housing 19 in the center of the first bottom and top of the inclined lamella 21 there are seats 28 for fastening elements . The diameter of the intake opening of the standard inlet grille 1 is 96 mm, and a large number of inclined slats 21 (9 pieces) further reduces the useful area of the intake opening. At the same time, for the diameter of the intake opening 126 mm, the number of inclined slats 21 is 7 pcs., And the recommended number of inclined lamellas 22 with elongation is 4, including the first 23, with a smaller elongation made in the lower part of the body in the form of a hollow cylinder 19. Inlet grille 1 can be made of composite materials, metal, plastic.

The implementation of the housing 19 of the inlet grill in the form of a hollow cylinder with a fringing ring 20 from the outer edge ensures the preservation of the shape of the housing 19 of the intake grill 1, which allows you to install this housing 19 in the air channel 2 tightly and tightly, as well as the preservation of shape by the housing 19 of the intake grill ensures stable cross-sectional area, which in wind and weather conditions provides air from the street inside the housing 19 of the inlet grille and the air channel 2, since there are no distortions and bends (bends) of the housing 19 .

The implementation of the inclined lamellas 21 inside the housing from the outer edge and the execution of at least two inclined lamellas 22 in the lower part of the housing in the form of a hollow cylinder with elongation allows for a uniform laminar air flow immediately after entering the inlet casing 19, and also eliminates the lower swirl zone and curvature of the air flow, which positively affects the efficiency of air supply.

The implementation in the input grille 1 of the first in the lower part of the housing 19 in the form of a hollow cylinder of an inclined lamella 23 with a smaller elongation is necessary for a tight connection of the entrance grill casing 19 and the housing of the air channel 2. This inclined lamella 23 also serves as a stop, which positively affects the reliability fastenings and, consequently, on the efficiency of air supply in weather and strong winds.

The execution in the input grille 1 inside the housing 19 in the center of the first bottom and top of the inclined lamella 21 seats 28 under the fasteners allows you to more securely fasten using fasteners

elements of the housing 19 of the entrance grill to the housing of the air channel 2, which positively affects the efficiency of air supply in weather and strong winds, as well as ease of installation.

The execution in the input grate 1 inside the housing 19 in the center of the inclined lamellas 21 of the divider 24 in the form of a vertical plate is necessary for the cases 19 of the input grating of a large diameter and allows you to provide specified flow sections between the inclined lamellas 21 in bad weather and strong winds, which in turn has a positive effect on air supply efficiency.

The forced air supply device 6 consists of: a body made of a decorative panel 7 and a supporting panel 8 with a seat 9, a snail 26 containing a main body 10 adjacent to a seat 9 of the body, and a cover 11, while inside the main body 10 and the cochlear cover 11 has a channel with a channel depth 31 gradually increasing in the direction of air and a channel 12 sectional width with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser, while the cochlear channel is made to gradually expand for a smooth spreading of the air stream, brazuya diffuser with an angle α disclosure, the range of angle α ranges from 30 to 60 degrees, in this case selected the optimal angle α equal to 45 degrees, in order to avoid the formation of eddies, all corners rounded surface on the cochlea. A radial fan 13, fixed inside the cochlea 26, the shutter 14 and the electronics unit 15, the central holes coaxial to each other are made in the seat 9 of the casing and the main casing 10 of the cochlea.

In one embodiment, the forced air supply device 6 may have overall dimensions of 260x260x130 mm, and individual adjustment of overall dimensions beyond the specified limits is possible. The weight of the forced air supply device 6 at the specified overall dimensions shall not exceed 5 kg.

The implementation of coaxial central holes in the seat 9 of the housing (carrier panel 8) and the main body 10 of the cochlea 26 ensures smooth flow of air from the air channel 2 into the inner space of the cochlea 26, namely into the channel with the channel 31 depth and width gradually increasing along the air flow the cross section of the channel 12 with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser, without the occurrence of turbulence, which ensures minimal aerodynamic drag, which increases the efficiency of air supply.

Placing a radial fan 13 inside the scroll 26 and making a channel inside the main body 10 and the cover 11 of the channel with gradually increasing channel depth 31 and channel section 12 with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser ensures a smooth circular flow of air inside the scroll 26, namely in the channel with gradually increasing in the direction of the air depth of the channel 31 and width 12 of the channel section with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser, which in turn gives a vortex-free air flow from stuffy channel 2 through the cochlea 26 in the room, which increases the efficiency of air supply.

And since air from the central hole of the main body of the cochlea flows through the channel with gradually increasing along the air depth 31 channel depth and 12 channel section widths with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser, and has the possibility of circular flow inside the cochlea 26to the effect of accelerating air flow is provided, since part of air from the cochlea 26 goes into the room and the remaining part is repeated along the channel with gradually increasing along the air movement channel depth 31 and channel section width 12 with the formation of the symmetric diffuser flows in a circle creating a directed air flow, which gradually picks up air from the air channel 2, as a result of which a directed circular air flow is created inside the cochlea 26, the characteristic of this flow tends to the characteristics of the laminar flow, which ensures a quick and orderly flow of air, which in turn increases the air supply efficiency. In this case, the circular air flow also favorably affects the efficiency of the air supply with a partially open damper 14, since no turbulence and stagnant zones are created in the region of the damper 14 that adversely affect the air flow rate.

The design of the cochlea 26 avoids the formation of eddies and non-stationary flow, and at the same time ensures uniformity of the air flow velocity along the entire length of the air channel formed by the walls of the cochlea 26 and the impeller of the radial fan 13 due to the channel of the cochlea 26 with gradually increasing air channel depth 31 and width section 12 of the channel with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser, i.e. by adding fillets and smoothing the inner surfaces of the cochlea 26.

The application of heat-insulating material to the shutter 14 makes it possible to increase the efficiency of air supply to the room by preventing condensation from occurring on the shutter 14 surface, which

improves the reliability of this device and allows, especially in conditions of low temperature outside the premises, to reduce wear and damage to the device from temperature differences on the surface of the shutter 14.

The installation of the temperature sensor 25 at the outlet of the cochlea 26 of the forced air supply device 6 allows to increase the efficiency of air supply due to the optimal adjustment of the outdoor air supply to the room, since the data from the sensor 25 are sent to the electronics unit 15 in real time and commands to the radial fan 13 and the shutter 14 is also supplied from the electronics unit 15 in real time, which allows you to comply with the user-specified temperature regime of air conditioning and air supply.

The installation of the heater 16 in the seat 9 of the supporting panel 8 allows you to provide the specified temperature and maintain the lowest possible aerodynamic drag in the ducts of the supply ventilation system, since the configuration and location of the seat 9 is calculated from the conditions of the minimum aerodynamic drag in the ducts of the system, which air supply efficiency. In this case, compliance with the temperature regime of the incoming air allows you to know the characteristics of the air flow, therefore, according to the established programs in the electronics unit, the operation mode of the radial fan 13 and the damper 14 is controlled relative to the characteristics of the air flow.

The implementation of the forced air supply device 6 with an adapter-insert 17 installed in the seat 9 of the supporting panel 8 allows, in some embodiments, the forced air supply device 6 to comply with the required channel configuration at the entrance to the cochlea 26. This, in turn, ensures the lowest possible aerodynamic drag and therefore increases the efficiency of the air supply.

The implementation of the forced air supply device with an opening angle α of an asymmetric diffuser of 30-60 degrees ensures smooth flow of air from the air channel 2 into the channel with channel depth 31 and channel cross section 12 gradually increasing along the air flow with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser, which ensures vortex-free movement air and therefore

increases the efficiency of air supply by reducing aerodynamic drag in the channels through which the air flow.

In one embodiment, the ventilation system, consisting of an inlet grille 1, comprising a housing 19 in the form of a hollow cylinder, from the outer edge of which there is a fringing ring 20, inclined slats 21 located inside the housing from the outer edge, with at least two inclined slats 22 in the lower part of the body in the form of a hollow cylinder are made with elongation of the air channel 2, the forced air supply device 6, while inside the air channel 2 is installed using elastic 3 and centering 4 corrugated rings o conical filter 5.

In another embodiment, the supply ventilation system, consisting of an inlet grille 1, an air channel 2, a forced air supply device 6, comprising a housing made of a decorative panel 7 and a supporting panel 8 with a seat 9, a snail 26 containing the main body 10, adjacent to the seat 9 of the housing, and the cover 11, while inside the main body 10 and the cover 11 of the cochlea there is a channel with a channel depth 31 gradually increasing along the air flow and a channel section 12 wide with the formation of an asymmetry Foot diffuser, wherein within the air channel 2 is set by a resilient centering 3 and 4 of the corrugated rings of the conical filter 5.

The corrugated conical filter 5 is made with a corrugation step 30 (Fig. 8) of a filter material from 3 to 8 mm. The outer diameter of filter 5 is 67 mm. As the diameter of the filter 5 increases, the cross-sectional area of the channel decreases, and the pressure drop across this element increases (solid line in FIG. 3). At the same time, the corrugation step 30 of the filter material, when approaching the centering ring 4, decreases (dashed line in Fig. 3). The centering ring 4 and the elastic ring 3 are made of plastic.

The diameter of the centering ring 4, equal to 67 mm, gives a minimum pressure drop across the filter 5.

the ventilation system operates as follows. The air from the street due to the operation of the radial fan 13 is sucked in and enters the air channel 2, passing the inlet grille 1, which prevents the penetration of foreign objects into the device and into the air channel 2. At the same time, the air flow passes through the inlet grille 1

leveled on the inclined slats 21 and an ordered air flow is formed. Then, an ordered air stream flows through the air channel 2, where it first flows onto the end of the smaller diameter of the corrugated conical filter 5, fixed in the centering ring 4. After that, the ordered air flow gradually penetrates through the filter material of the corrugated conical filter 5, where it is purified. Due to the conical shape of the corrugated conical filter 5, the purification process proceeds uniformly without swirling, and uncleaned air cannot penetrate further than the corrugated conical filter 5 due to the elastic ring 3, which separates and seals the areas of purified air and polluted air. After that, the cleaned air stream reaches the end of the air channel 2 and flows into the area of the seat 9 on the carrier panel 8 of the forced air supply device 6. In the seat 9 on the carrier panel 8, either a heater 16 or an adapter-insert 17 are installed, on which the alignment purified air flow. After they pass, the cleaned air stream enters the cochlea 26, namely, the radial fan 13 and the channel with the channel depth 31 gradually increasing along the air flow and the channel section 12 wide with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser. Further, the air flow flows through the channel of the cochlea and finally passes through the outlet grill 27. After passing the outlet grill 27, the air is hanging and, thanks to the possibility of turning the forced air supply device 6, it is possible to freely exit the air stream and pour it into the existing air circulation in the room .

The implementation of the corrugated conical filter 5 with a step of corrugation 30 of the filter material from 3 to 8 mm allows you to provide optimal throughput of the wall of the corrugated conical filter 5 with minimal aerodynamic drag, taking into account compliance with the specified filtering requirements on its surface, which positively affects the efficiency of air supply.

The placement of a corrugated conical filter 5 inside the air channel 2 provides minimal aerodynamic drag on the surface of the filter 5 and, therefore, inside the air channel 2. While conventional mesh or bag filters block the air channel 2 and have high aerodynamic drag, the corrugated conical filter 5 much lesser degree prevents the flow of air, this is due to the fact that the conical

the corrugated filter does not overlap in one place the cavity of the air channel 2, and in one place (in cross section) has a limited overlap area of the cavity of the air channel 2, that is, the corrugated conical filter 5 gradually overlaps the cavity of the air channel 2 due to its length, and since air is filtered in the corrugations of filter 5 and penetrates through them, then the air flow flowing in the air channel 2 is gradually, smoothly and without swirls filtered on the corrugated conical filter 5 and then flows into the inner cavity of the cochlea 26 forced air supply devices 6, which in turn provides an efficient air supply. While the corrugation of the filter 5 provides an increase in the area of the filtering surface.

The implementation of the ventilation system with the installation of a forced air supply device 6 with the possibility of rotation about the axis of the air channel allows you to direct the air flow in any direction, which in rooms with complex geometry or complex air circulation can improve the efficiency of air supply to the room, due to optimal air circulation taking into account the existing air flows in the room.

Thus, the claimed technical solutions increase the efficiency of air supply by reducing aerodynamic drag inside the air channel and ensuring smooth, without significant turbulence, air flow from the street through the inlet grille through the air channel to the cochlea of the forced air supply device and further along the channel with gradually increasing in the direction of air depth of the channel and the width of the channel section with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser into the room.

Claims (25)

1. Supply ventilation system, consisting of: - an input grill, consisting of a body in the form of a hollow cylinder, inclined lamellas located inside the housing from the outer edge, while at least two inclined lamellas in the lower part of the housing are made with elongation, - the air channel inside which the filter is installed, - a forced air supply device consisting of a housing made of a decorative panel and a supporting panel with a seat, a snail containing a main body adjacent to the seat of the housing, and a cover, a radial fan, fixed inside the cochlea, damper, electronics unit, while a channel is made inside the main body and the cochlear lid with a channel depth gradually increasing in the direction of air movement and a channel cross section width with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser. 2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that a corrugated conical filter is installed inside the air channel using an elastic and centering ring. 3. The supply ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the corrugation step of the filter material of the conical filter is 3-8 mm. 4. The supply ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the forced air supply device is mounted to rotate relative to the axis of the air channel. 5. A forced air supply device, consisting of: - a housing made of a decorative panel and a supporting panel with a seat, - snails containing the main body adjacent to the seat of the housing, and the cover of the radial fan, fixed inside the snail, - flaps - electronics unit, at the same time, a channel is made inside the main body and the cochlear cover with the channel depth gradually increasing in the direction of air movement and the channel cross section width with the formation of an asymmetric diffuser. 6. The forced air supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that the housing seat and the main body of the cochlea are made with central holes coaxial with each other. 7. The forced air supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that heat-insulating material is applied to the damper. 8. The forced air supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that a temperature sensor is installed at the outlet of the cochlea. 9. The forced air supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a heater installed in the seat of the carrier panel. 10. The forced air supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises an adapter-insert installed in the seat of the carrier panel. 11. The forced air supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that the opening angle of the asymmetric diffuser is 30-60 degrees. 12. The inlet grille of the supply ventilation system, consisting of: - housing in the form of a hollow cylinder, - inclined lamellas located inside the housing from the outer edge, characterized in that at least two inclined lamellas in the lower part of the housing are made with elongation. 13. The intake grille of the supply ventilation system according to claim 12, characterized in that the first in the lower part of the housing in the form of a hollow cylinder, the inclined lamella is made with less elongation. 14. The input grille of the supply ventilation system according to claim 12, characterized in that a divider in the form of a vertical plate is made inside the housing in the center of the inclined slats. 15. The inlet grille of the supply ventilation system according to claim 12, characterized in that inside the housing, in the center of the first bottom and top of the inclined lamella, seats for mounting elements are made.

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