RU2702225C1 - Method for initiation of guided projectile onboard systems and pulse magnetoelectric generator for its implementation (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used for initiation of onboard systems of guided projectile by pulse magnetoelectric generator. Method of initiation of guided projectile onboard systems involves EMF induction when magnetoelectric generator armature moves relative to yoke with wire coil under action of start acceleration. At the same time, additional EMF is induced by displacement of permanent magnet relative to wire coil, which is performed simultaneously with movement of armature. At that, summation of EMF caused by movement of armature relative yoke with wire coil, with additional EMF is performed by correspondence of direction of winding of wire coil to direction of polarization of permanent magnet.

EFFECT: increased electric pulse power.

18 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The alleged group of inventions relates to the field of precision weapons - guided missiles (CSS) - and can be used as:

- a method for initiating on-board CSS systems when fired under the action of a given magnitude of barrel overload (barrel acceleration) by triggering a pulsed magnetoelectric generator (IMEG);

- IMEG, providing the activation of on-board systems CSS when reaching a predetermined value of the barrel overload.

Known pulsed magnetoelectric generator for actuating electrically ignition devices of launchers and airborne systems of a guided projectile (RF patent No. 2168699). Known IMEG contains mounted on the yoke of a magnetoelectric system with a flat anchor and a load secured by a pusher located in the Central holes of the yoke, anchor and cargo, nut and retainer. The latch is made in the form of a shear membrane, pressed against the yoke by a flange and fixed to the pusher with a knife by a screw.

Known pulsed magnetoelectric generator (RF patent No. 2226029). Unlike the previous one, in this IMEG the clamp is made in the form of a sleeve fixed to the pusher with a shear pin.

The prototype method for initiating on-board DC systems in the well-known IMEG is based on generating an electric pulse at a given starting overload by opening the IMEG magnetic circuit by moving the armature relative to the permanent magnet and yoke with a wire coil. Consequently, a change in magnetic flux occurs due to the movement of a passive element of the magnetic system, which is not involved in the creation of magnetic flux, but only conductive magnetic flux. In this case, the magnitude of the EMF in the IMEG wire coil is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux created by the active element of the magnetic system - a permanent magnet. The movement of the anchor occurs after the cutoff of the pin (or membrane) under the action of a force equal to the product of the total mass of the cargo and the anchor with the movable elements of its fastening by the value of the barrel overload. Accordingly, the condition for the implementation of the known method for initiating on-board CSS systems in the IMEG data determines the dependence

where: n _x is the set value of the starting overload of the magnetoelectric generator; F _p - shear force of the retainer; F _m - magnetic force of attraction of the anchor; m _i - the total mass of the anchor with the movable elements of its fastening; m _gr is the mass of the cargo.

In accordance with dependence (1) for a given value of the operating overload (n _x ), an increase in the electric pulse power in implementing the known IMEG method causes an increase in the magnetic flux in the magnetic system, which is achieved by increasing the mass and dimensions of the permanent magnet or by using permanent magnets with a higher magnetic induction (for example, based on rare-earth metal alloys). Both of these lead to the need to increase the cross-sectional area in the magnetic system and, consequently, to increase the dimensions and mass of the armature (m _i ) and yoke, and also to increase the magnetic force of attraction of the armature (F _m ), which requires an increase in the mass of the load ( m _gr ).

In this regard, the main disadvantage of the known method for initiating on-board US systems is a significant deterioration in the overall mass characteristics of the IMEG implementing it, if it is necessary to increase the electric pulse power.

The latter fully relates to the IMEG adopted for the prototype, as shown in the above patent of the Russian Federation No. 2226029 and IMEG described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2168699.

The general objective of the proposed group of inventions is to improve the dynamic characteristics of IMEG by increasing the power of the electric pulse while minimizing its overall mass characteristics.

To solve this problem, in the inventive method of initiating onboard systems of a guided projectile, including inducing EMF when moving the armature of the magnetoelectric generator relative to the yoke with a wire coil under the influence of barrel acceleration, it is new that additional EMF is induced by moving a permanent magnet relative to the wire coil, which is produced simultaneously with the movement of the anchor. The sum of the EMF due to the movement of the armature relative to the yoke with the wire coil, with additional EMF is carried out by matching the direction of winding the wire coil to the polarization direction of the permanent magnet.

To solve the problem in the first version of the IMEG, containing a yoke and an anchor with axial holes, a permanent magnet and a wire coil placed between the yoke and the armature, a rod with a lock in the form of a sleeve fixed with a shear pin of the sleeve is new, that the armature is made with an axial ring protrusion and rigidly connected with the stock. The winding direction of the wire coil corresponds to the direction of polarization of the permanent magnet. The inner diameter of the permanent magnet is larger than the outer diameter of the wire coil. The diameter of the annular protrusion of the anchor is made equal to the diameter of the axial hole of the yoke. An annular protrusion of the anchor is located in the central hole of the yoke. The wire coil harness is fixed with a bracket fixed with a screw to the base of the yoke. The bracket is made cross-shaped in the form of a limiter to move the sleeve.

To solve the problem in the second version of the IMEG, containing a yoke and an anchor with axial holes, a permanent magnet and a wire coil placed between the yoke and the armature, a rod with a lock in the form of a sleeve fixed with a shear pin of the sleeve is new, that the armature is made with an axial ring protrusion and rigidly connected with the stock. The winding direction of the wire coil corresponds to the direction of polarization of the permanent magnet. The outer diameter of the permanent magnet is made smaller than the inner diameter of the wire coil. The inner diameter of the annular protrusion of the armature is made larger than the outer diameter of the wire coil. The sleeve is fixed in the axial hole of the yoke. The rod is made with a radial ledge, to which a permanent magnet is anchored. A central groove is made on the inner surface of the yoke, the diameter and depth of which is greater than the diameter and thickness of the stem ledge, respectively. An anchor and a permanent magnet are installed with the same gap relative to the yoke. The wire coil harness is fixed with a bracket fixed with a screw to the base of the yoke.

To solve the problem in the third version of the IMEG containing a T-shaped cross-sectional yoke with an axial hole, an anchor with an axial hole, an annular permanent magnet and a wire coil placed between the yoke and the armature, a new fact is that a cylindrical magnetic core is installed in the central hole of the yoke fixed in the threaded axial hole of the armature. The anchor is installed with a gap relative to the yoke. The winding direction of the wire coil corresponds to the direction of polarization of the permanent magnet. The diameter of the magnetic circuit is equal to the diameter of the axial hole of the yoke.

To solve the problem in the fourth version of the IMEG containing a T-shaped cross-sectional yoke with an axial hole, an anchor with an axial hole, an annular permanent magnet and a wire coil placed between the yoke and the armature, a new fact is that a cylindrical magnetic core is installed in the central hole of the yoke fixed in the threaded axial hole of the armature. The anchor is installed with a gap relative to the yoke. The winding direction of the wire coil corresponds to the direction of polarization of the permanent magnet. The central hole of the yoke is made deaf with a flat bottom. The magnetic core is installed with an adjustable gap relative to the bottom of the yoke. The gap between the side surfaces of the magnetic circuit and the Central hole of the yoke and the gap between the yoke and the armature is made more than an adjustable gap. The wire coil harness is fixed with a bracket fixed with a screw to the base of the yoke.

The design of the claimed devices is illustrated by drawings, which show:

in FIG. 1 is a general view of the base of the first version of IMEG;

in FIG. 2 is a transverse section aa of the first version of IMEG along the plane of symmetry;

in FIG. 3 is a general view of the base of the second version of IMEG;

in FIG. 4 is a transverse section BB of the second version of IMEG along the plane of symmetry;

in FIG. 5 is a general view of the basis of the third version of IMEG;

in FIG. 6 is a transverse section BB of the third version of IMEG along the plane of symmetry;

in FIG. 7 is a general view of the base of the fourth version of IMEG;

in FIG. 8 is a transverse section GG of the fourth version of IMEG along the plane of symmetry.

The basic structural element in the first version of IMEG is (see Figs. 1 and 2) a T-shaped cross-section yoke 1 on which a magnetoelectric system is mounted, including an annular permanent magnet 2, a wire coil 3 and a T-shaped cylindrical armature 4 fixed by a rod 5, on which a sleeve 7 is fixed with a shear pin 6.

The wire harness 8 of the coil 3 is fixed to the base of the yoke 1 with a bracket 9 made with a limiter to move the sleeve 7. The bracket 9 is fixed to the base of the yoke 1 with a screw 10.

The generation of an electric pulse in the first version of the IMEG occurs when the pin 6 is cut off under the action of an inertial force (F _p1 ), the value of which determines the dependence

where: F _p1 - shear force of the pin 6; n _x is the specified value of the starting overload of the IMEG response; m _i - the total mass of the anchor 4 with movable elements of its fastening; m _m is the mass of the permanent magnet 2, F _m is the magnetic force of attraction of the permanent magnet 2 to the yoke 1. In this case, the induction EMF is created in the wire coil 3 not only due to the breaking of the magnetic circuit (as in the prototype) due to the movement of the armature 4 relative to yoke 1, but also due to the movement of the permanent magnet 2 relative to the wire coil 3 (according to the law of Faraday’s electromagnetic induction).

The sum of the induction EMF due to the movement of the armature 4 relative to the yoke 1 with the wire coil 3, and the induction EMF caused by the movement of the permanent magnet 2 relative to the wire coil 3, determines the direction of winding of the wire coil 3 to the polarization direction of the permanent magnet 2.

In connection with the addition of induction EMF caused by the movement of the permanent magnet 2 relative to the wire coil 3, the power of the IMEG electric pulse increases, and replacing the mass of the additional load used in the known IMEG designs with the mass of the permanent magnet 2, which is implemented in the inventive IMEG, minimizes its overall mass characteristics.

The basic part of the second IMEG version (see Figs. 3 and 4) - yoke 1 in the form of a disk with a central threaded hole - is made together with the dielectric frame of the wire coil 3, wire bundle 8 of which is brought out through the hole in the yoke 1. On the rod 5 with a shear pin 6, a threaded sleeve 7 is fixed, by means of which the rod 5 is installed in the central threaded hole of the yoke 1. A permanent magnet 2 in the form of a cylinder with a central hole is fixed to the radial ledge of the rod 5 by a glass-shaped anchor 4 and placed in a diametrically equal central hole Only the frame of the wire coil 3. The armature 4 and the permanent magnet 2 are installed with the same gap relative to the yoke 1 and form an open magnetic circuit with it, for which the rod 5 is made of non-magnetic material. The possibility of closing this magnetic circuit ensures that the inner diameter of the armature 4 is larger than the outer diameter of the wire coil 3 together with the frame, as well as the central groove 11 on the inner surface of the yoke 1, the diameter and depth of which is greater than the diameter and thickness of the radial ledge of the rod 5, respectively.

As in the first IMEG version, the sum of the induction EMF due to the movement of the armature 4 relative to the yoke 1 with the wire coil 3, and the induction EMF caused by the movement of the permanent magnet 2 relative to the wire coil 3 determines the correspondence of the direction of winding of the wire coil 3 to the polarization direction of the permanent magnet 2.

The shear pin 6 occurs under the action of inertial force

where: F _p2 is the shear force of the pin; n _x is the magnitude of the starting overload of the IMEG response; m _i - the total mass of the anchor 4 with movable elements of its fastening; m _m is the mass of the permanent magnet 2. In this case, the induction EMF is created in the wire coil 3 not only due to the closure of the magnetic circuit due to the movement of the permanent magnet 2 with the armature 4 to the yoke 11, but also due to the movement of the permanent magnet 4 inside the wire coil 3. V in connection with this, the power of the IMEG electric pulse increases, and replacing the mass of the additional load used in the known IMEG designs with the mass of a permanent magnet 2, which is implemented in the inventive IMEG (as in the first embodiment), minimizes its overall mass marketing characteristics.

It should be noted that, unlike the first version of IMEG, when the second version of IMEG is triggered, the effect of the barrel overload has the opposite direction relative to the axis of the yoke base.

The basic detail of the third version of IMEG (see Fig. 5 and 6) is a T-shaped cross-section yoke 1 with a central hole. A wire coil 3 is installed on the yoke 1. An anchor 4 in the form of a washer is held by the force of a permanent ring magnet 2 located between the yoke 1 and the armature 4. A cylindrical magnetic core 12 is mounted in the central threaded hole of the armature 4 located in the central hole of the yoke 1, while the diameter of the magnetic core 12 is equal to the diameter of the central hole of the yoke 1. The bundle 8 of the wire coil 3 is fixed to the base of the yoke 1 by a bracket 9, fixed by a screw 10.

The force of attraction of the armature 4 to the permanent magnet 2 (F _m ) mainly depends on the magnitude of the magnetic flux (Ф) in the closed magnetic circuit IMEG, which determines the dependence

where B is the induction of the material of the permanent magnet 2, S _min is the minimum cross-sectional area in the magnetic circuit IMEG. In the manufacture of permanent magnets by casting or pressing (from powder), the scatter of the residual induction of the material can reach 50%, which, accordingly, determines the inconstancy of the attractive force of the permanent magnet 2 to yoke 1 (F _m ).

The given response overload (n _x ) in this version of the IMEG determines the ratio

where: m _I - the total mass of the anchor 4 and the magnetic circuit 12; m _m is the mass of magnet 2. Therefore _{, the} value of the force of magnetic attraction (F _m ) required to ensure a given value of the operating overload (n _x ) is preliminarily controlled by dependence (4) by changing the value of immersion (Δ) of the magnetic circuit 12 in the central hole of yoke 1. Magnetic conductivity of the chain “yoke 1 - permanent magnet 2 - magnetic circuit 12 - anchor 4” depends on the immersion (Δ) of the magnetic circuit 12 in the central hole of yoke 1, which determines the minimum area of the magnetic circuit and, according to dependence (4), the magnitude of th stream (Ф), and, consequently, the magnitude of the magnetic attraction force (F _m ) of the armature 4 and magnet 2 to the yoke 1. This, according to dependence (5), minimizes the undesirable spread of the starting overload of the IMEG response (n _x ) and stabilizes the difference between the value of the starting overload of the operation and the set value of the safety overload, at which the IMEG is guaranteed not to be triggered.

The triggering condition for IMEG determines the inequality

where t is the time since the start of the DC, a F _x (t) = n _x (t) ⋅ (m _i + m _m ).

Almost at the moment when the starting overload reaches the value of n _x, magnet 2 and armature 4 are torn off from yoke 1, and induction EMF is created in the wire coil 3 by opening the IMEG magnetic circuit due to the movement of the permanent magnet 2 with armature 4 from yoke 21 and due to the movement of the constant magnet 2 relative to the wire coil 3. As in previous IMEG versions, the sum of the induction EMF due to the movement of the permanent magnet 2 with the armature 4 relative to the yoke 1, and the induction EMF caused by the movement of the permanent magnet 2 of the relative but the coil wire 3, determines that the direction of winding the coil wire 3 to the direction of polarization of the permanent magnet 2.

The adjustment of the magnetic attraction force (F _m ) is carried out in a device providing rigid fixation of the yoke 1, loading of the magnet 2 in the direction of separation from the yoke 1 by the force F = F _m and the movement of the magnetic circuit 12 (change in Δ).

The design of the fourth embodiment (see Fig. 4) is similar to the third version of IMEG. The basic detail of the fourth version of IMEG is a T-shaped cylindrical yoke 1 with a blind central hole. A wire coil 3 is installed on the yoke 1. An anchor 4 in the form of a disk is held by the force of a permanent ring magnet 2 located between the yoke and the armature 4. A cylindrical magnetic core 12 is mounted in the central threaded hole of the armature 4 located in the central hole of the yoke 1. The end surface of the magnetic core 12 is located with an adjustable gap ε relative to the bottom wall of the central hole of the yoke 1. The gaps between the side surfaces of the magnetic circuit 12 and the central hole of the yoke 1, between the yoke 1 and the armature 4 are larger than adjustable gap ε, which ensures the passage of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 2 in the magnetic circuit "yoke 1 - permanent magnet 2 - magnetic core 12 - anchor 4" through the end surface of the magnetic circuit 12 and an adjustable gap ε. The harness 8 of the wire coil 3 is fixed to the base of the yoke 1 with a bracket 9 and a screw 36.

The conductivity of the magnetic circuit "yoke 1 - permanent magnet 2 - magnetic core 12 - anchor 4" depends on the size of the adjustable gap ε, which determines the magnitude of the magnetic flux (Ф) and, therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic force (F _m ) of the armature 4 and magnet 2 to yoke 1. The given response overload (n _x ) in this version of the IMEG is determined by relation (5).

The value of the force of magnetic attraction (F _m ) required to ensure a given value of the response overload (n _x ) according to dependence (5) is pre-set by changing the size of the adjustable clearance (ε). The triggering condition for the IMEG determines the dependence (6), and the processes for adjusting the magnetic attraction force (F _m ) and the triggering are similar to those discussed above for the third version of the IMEG.

The designs of the four IMEG versions suggest a rigid fastening of the yoke in the US housing.

The choice of one of the four given IMEG options for a particular CSS determines the analysis of the following conditions:

- the required values of operation overloads and safety;

- operating conditions (range of operating temperatures, range of shock and vibration loads on the flight path and during transportation, duration and storage conditions);

- overall mass and other structural limitations associated with the general layout of the CSS.

Of the currently widely used magnetically hard alloys, it is advisable to use iron-nickel-aluminum alloys for the first variant IMEG and magnetium-cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron alloys for other IMEG versions as the permanent magnet material.

Thus, the solution of the general problem in the proposed group of inventions is achieved by:

- the implementation of the movement of the permanent magnet relative to the wire coil when opening or closing the magnetic system, which leads to an increase in the power of the electric pulse IMEG;

- the use of a permanent magnet instead of an additional load, which determines the minimization of the overall mass characteristics of the IMEG;

- preliminary adjustment of the force of attraction of the permanent magnet to the yoke, which ensures stabilization of the dynamic characteristics of the IMEG (actuation overload and electric pulse power).

Claims (18)

1. A method of initiating on-board systems of a guided projectile by a pulsed magnetoelectric generator, including induction of EMF when moving the armature of the magnetoelectric generator relative to the yoke with a wire coil under the action of starting acceleration, characterized in that they induce additional EMF by moving a permanent magnet relative to the wire coil, which is produced simultaneously with the movement of the armature, while the sum of the EMF, due to the movement of the armature relative to the yoke from the wire coil, with additional EMF is carried out by matching the direction of winding the wire coil to the direction of polarization of a permanent magnet. 2. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator containing a yoke and an armature with axial holes, a permanent magnet and a wire coil placed between the yoke and the armature, a rod with a latch in the form of a sleeve fixed with a shear pin, characterized in that the armature is made with an axial ring protrusion and is rigidly connected to the rod and the direction of winding of the wire coil corresponds to the direction of polarization of the permanent magnet. 3. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner diameter of the permanent magnet is larger than the outer diameter of the wire coil. 4. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 3, characterized in that the diameter of the annular protrusion of the armature is equal to the diameter of the axial hole of the yoke. 5. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 4, characterized in that the annular protrusion of the armature is placed in the axial hole of the yoke. 6. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is smaller than the inner diameter of the wire coil. 7. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner diameter of the annular protrusion of the armature is made larger than the outer diameter of the wire coil. 8. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 7, characterized in that the sleeve is fixed in the axial hole of the yoke. 9. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 8, characterized in that the rod is made with a radial ledge, to which a permanent magnet is anchored. 10. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator made according to claim 9, characterized in that a central groove is made on the inner surface of the yoke, the diameter and depth of which is greater than the diameter and thickness of the stem ledge, respectively. 11. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to claim 10, characterized in that the armature and the permanent magnet are installed with the same gap relative to the yoke. 12. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator containing a T-shaped sectional cylindrical yoke with an axial hole, an anchor with an axial hole, an annular permanent magnet and a wire coil placed between the yoke and the armature, characterized in that a cylindrical magnetic core is mounted in the central hole of the yoke, fixed in threaded axial hole of the armature, which is installed with a gap relative to the yoke, and the direction of winding of the wire coil corresponds to the direction of polarization of the permanent magnet. 13. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator according to claim 12, characterized in that the diameter of the magnetic circuit is equal to the diameter of the axial hole of the yoke. 14. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to p. 12, characterized in that the central hole of the yoke is made blind with a flat bottom. 15. Pulse magnetoelectric generator, made according to p. 14, characterized in that the magnetic circuit is installed with an adjustable gap relative to the bottom of the yoke. 16. A pulsed magnetoelectric generator, made according to p. 15, characterized in that the gap between the side surfaces of the magnetic circuit and the central hole of the yoke and the gap between the yoke and the armature is made more than an adjustable gap. 17. Pulse magnetoelectric generator, made according to paragraphs. 2, 12, characterized in that the harness of the wire coil is fixed with a bracket fixed with a screw on the base of the yoke. 18. Pulse magnetoelectric generator, made according to paragraphs. 2, 17, characterized in that the bracket is made cross-shaped in the form of a limiter to move the sleeve.

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