RU2799903C1 - Multi-frequency inboard station of active interferences - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electronic warfare.

SUBSTANCE: used in aircraft electronic protection equipment and in electronic suppression systems. The multi-frequency inboard active interference station additionally contains an adder/splitter, a second and a third noise generators, which are functionally the same as the first one. The noise generators operate each in its own frequency range. The frequency overlap ratio of each noise generator is the same. With the same output power of the power amplifier of each noise generator, a uniform interference power density in frequency is ensured over the entire operating frequency range. The outputs of all interference generators are connected to the antenna-feeder system through an adder/splitter. The adder/splitter is made frequency-selective.

EFFECT: increasing the effectiveness of radar countermeasures due to the possibility of generating a wide range of active interference, increasing the sensitivity and accuracy of the electronic intelligence subsystem.

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Description

The invention relates to electronic warfare technology and can be used in aircraft electronic protection equipment and in electronic suppression systems.

A known method of suppression of radio-electronic means (RES) aiming frequency interference using a jamming station with frequency-tunable narrow-band interference. The targeted narrow-band interference generated by the jamming station is consistent in its parameters with the tuning frequency and bandwidth of the receiver of the suppressed RES and is distinguished by a high spectral power density (Paly A.I. Electronic warfare. - M .: Military Publishing House, ed. 2nd, 1989, p. 12-15). The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of suppressing only one RES operating in a given wavelength range. In addition, coherence of the interference signal with respect to the received signal is not ensured.

Known patent RU2660469C1 "Station of active interference", published 07/06/2018, IPC G01S7 / 38, taken as a prototype. The invention relates to the field of electronic warfare and is intended for use in systems of electronic suppression, in particular, it can be used in equipment for electronic protection of aircraft. The effectiveness of the suppression of signals having various types of modulation and time arrangements from electronic means with frequency tunability is achieved due to the specific implementation of the active jamming station, as well as by coherent storage and creation of targeted and noise active jamming in range, speed and angular detection channels. Disadvantages of the prototype - the prototype allows solving the problems of electronic warfare using on-board computer systems, but has an external location, which affects the flight performance of the aircraft, and also has a low degree of integration of devices and systems that are part of the on-board electronic complex of the aircraft.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the effectiveness of radar countermeasures due to the possibility of generating a wide range of active interference, increasing the sensitivity and accuracy of the electronic intelligence subsystem.

To do this, the multi-frequency intra-fuselage active jamming station contains a jamming generator, consisting of a series-connected sawtooth voltage generator, a voltage-controlled generator, a power adder, a key, a power amplifier and a directional coupler, as well as a noise generator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the power adder, a pseudo-random sequence generator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the key, and a series-connected temperature sensor and a protective shutdown system, the output of which is connected to the control input of the power amplifier, and the other input of the system protective shutdown is connected to the output of a directional coupler, the other output of which is the output of the noise shaper, as well as to the antenna-feeder system, characterized in that an adder/splitter is additionally introduced, the second and third jammers are functionally the same as the first, each operating in its own frequency range, while the frequency overlap ratio of each noise shaper is the same and with the same output power of the PA of each jammer, a uniform interference power density is provided in frequency over the entire operating frequency range, the outputs of all jammers through the adder/splitter is connected to the antenna-feeder system, while the adder/splitter is made frequency-selective.

In addition, the antenna-feeder system consists of several parts located on the outer sides of the front, rear, left and right sides of the aircraft fuselage.

The adder/splitter in the multi-frequency intra-fuselage active jamming station is configured to separate the broadband active jamming signal into separate frequency letters corresponding to the frequency letters of the corresponding parts of the antenna-feeder system.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a multi-frequency intra-fuselage active jamming station (VFSAP) of one of the operating ranges. Active interference stations of other ranges are built in a similar way.

In FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a frequency selective adder/splitter (FSS/FSS).

In FIG. 3 shows an example of a multi-frequency PFSAP with active phased array antenna (APAA) technology.

In FIG. 4 - external view of the receiving-transmitting post of the VFSAP.

In FIG. 1, 2, 3 the following designations are accepted:

1. Antenna-feeder system.

2. Noise generator f ₁ -f ₂ MHz.

2a Noise generator f ₂ -f ₃ MHz.

2b Noise generator f ₃ -f ₄ MHz.

3. Sawtooth voltage generator f ₅ kHz.

4. Generator controlled by voltage f ₁ -f ₂ MHz.

4a Generator controlled by voltage f ₂ -f ₃ MHz.

4b Generator controlled by voltage f ₃ -f ₄ MHz.

5. Power adder.

6. Pseudo-random sequence generator f ₆ kHz.

7. Key.

8. Power amplifier f ₁ -f ₂ MHz.

8a Power amplifier f ₂ -f ₃ MHz.

8b Power amplifier f ₃ -f ₄ MHz.

9. Temperature sensor.

10. Directional coupler.

11. Protective shutdown system.

12. Frequency selective adder.

13. Frequency selective splitter.

14. Notch filter module.

15. Autonomous battery.

16. Secondary power supply.

17. Interference shaper.

18. AFAR forward looking, located on the left side of the aircraft (LA) (f ₁ -f ₄ GHz).

19. Antenna element 1, horizontal polarization (HP).

20. Antenna element 1, vertical polarization (VP).

21. Antenna element 16, HP.

22. Antenna element 16, VP.

23. Calibration module.

24. Switch.

25. Receiving module.

26. Transmitting module.

27. Receiving-transmitting module 1, GPU.

28. Receiving-transmitting module 1, VP.

29. Receiving-transmitting module 16, GP.

30. Transceiver module 16, VP.

31. Digital diagramming system.

32. Module for digital signal processing, interference generation and control.

33. Optoelectronic converter.

34. AFAR forward looking, located on the starboard side of the aircraft (f ₁ -f ₄ GHz).

35. AFAR rear view, located on the left side of the aircraft (f ₁ -f ₄ GHz).

36. AFAR rear view, located on the starboard side of the aircraft (f ₁ -f ₄ GHz).

37. Band pass filter (BPF) f ₁ -f ₂ MHz.

37a. Band pass filter (BPF) f ₂ -f ₃ MHz.

37b. Band pass filter (BPF) f ₃ -f ₄ MHz.

38. Power adder in CHIS / CHIR.

39. Power divider in CHIS / CHIR.

40. Band pass filter (BPF) f ₇ -f ₈ MHz.

40a. Band pass filter (BPF) f ₉ -f ₁₀ MHz.

The VFSAP contains three functionally identical noise generators 17, including a noise generator 2 (operating frequency from f ₁ to f ₂ ), 2a (operating frequency from f ₂ to f ₃ ), 2b (operating frequency from f ₃ to f ₄ ); sawtooth voltage generator 3; voltage controlled generator 4 (f ₁ -f ₂ ), 4a (f ₂ -f ₃ ), 4b (f ₃ -f ₄ ); power adder 5; pseudo-random sequence generator 6 and key 7, each of which operates in its own frequency range. All three jammers provide the VFSAP with a full range of operating frequencies. At the same time, the frequency overlap ratio of the interference shaper is the same and ranges from 5 to 6, which, with the same output power of the power amplifier of each interference shaper, provides a uniform interference density in frequency over the entire operating frequency range.

To suppress the radio channel for data transmission and control (RKPDU), a combined barrage or frequency-targeted interference is used, consisting of interference signals of three types: white noise, frequency-swept interference, pseudo-random sequence modulation. Such a combined interference has high efficiency, which is expressed in a significantly (up to several times) lower power required to suppress the same RAPDU, compared to white noise, all other things being equal.

In each of the three noise generators, the generated white noise is added in the power adder 5 with a frequency-sweep noise generated by a generator controlled by a sawtooth voltage 4, 4a, 46, generated by a sawtooth voltage generator 3. Then the interference signal is fed to the key 7, which modulates it with a pseudo-random sequence generated by a pseudo-random sequence generator 6.

The resulting interference signal is amplified by the power amplifier 8 (f ₁ -f ₂ ), 8a (f ₂ -f ₃ ), or 8b (f ₃ -f ₄ ) to the desired value. The power amplifier is equipped with a protective shutdown system 11, which provides its protective shutdown in case of overheating, focusing on the readings of the temperature sensor 9, and, with an increase in the load standing wave coefficient above the permissible level, focusing on the level of the signal reflected from the load coming from the directional coupler 10. All this avoids the failure of expensive power amplifiers.

The signals from the outputs of three power amplifiers are combined into one interference signal using a frequency-selective adder 12, and then using a frequency-selective splitter 13, the interference signal is divided into frequency letters corresponding to the frequency letters of the antenna-feeder system 1. The interference signal is radiated into the air using the antenna-feeder system.

Interference is formed either in the entire frequency range at once (barrage interference), or in a limited frequency range by adjusting the tuning range and sweep rate of the voltage-controlled generator, as well as the frequency range of the noise generator, according to external target designation from radio and electronic intelligence equipment.

In addition, if necessary, a module of tunable notch filters 14 will be added to the structure of the multi-frequency VFSAP to form frequency "transparency windows".

The multi-frequency VFSAP is powered from the aircraft (autonomous battery 15 and secondary power source 16).

AFAR technology can be used to set directionally aimed jamming in intra-fuselage active jamming stations. The structure of such a variant of the intra-fuselage version of the multi-frequency active jamming station is shown in Fig. 3.

Each AFAR of the radio countermeasures subsystem consists of sixteen identical antenna elements (19, 20. 21, 22 are indicated on the diagram). A biorthogonal horn or Vivaldi antennas located orthogonally are used as AFAR transmit-receive antennas, providing reception of signals both in horizontal polarization - GP (ANTG) and in vertical polarization - VP (ANTV).

The signals from the inputs/outputs of ANTH and ANTV are fed to the calibration module 23, in which calibration is performed in order to achieve the identity of the amplitude-phase characteristics of the sixteen APAA channels.

The signals from the inputs/outputs of the calibration module 23 enter the transceiver modules 27-30, where they each pass through their own switching matrix on four keys, designed to form coherent and polarization interference.

The construction of the transmitting path of the APAA antenna element for the GP and VP signals is similar to the construction of the receiving path. The interference signals generated in the digital signal processing and noise generation module 32 are fed to the corresponding inputs of the APAA transceiver module, pass through low-pass filters and DC amplifiers, and are fed to the inputs of the quadrature modulators, where the local oscillator signals are received from the frequency synthesizer, which carry out the transfer of the interference signal to the operating frequency. The controlled attenuator of the transmitting path of the APAA antenna element provides regulation of the generated interference level in a wide dynamic range (low-pass filters, amplifiers, modulators, the controlled attenuator are located in the transmitting module, not shown in the diagram).

The control system in the single time mode carries out information exchange with the onboard radar station of the aircraft (BRLS), namely: countermeasures of REF, technical parameters of REF, types of REF, receives navigation data, etc.

Optoelectronic converters 23 are used to transmit the interfering microwave signal to the antenna system, which is part of the AFAR radar, in order to carry out its radiation with increased power in the AFAR radar range.

The active jamming station consists of four (when operating in a circular direction in azimuth and in a sector of ± 45 ° in elevation), or six (when operating in a circular direction in azimuth and elevation) identical receiving and transmitting posts, which are ultra-wideband sixteen-element biorthogonal APAA with digital beamforming. The external view of the receiving-transmitting post of the active interference station is shown in Fig. 4. An active interference station of other frequency ranges can be built in a similar way.

VFSAP, integrated with radio and electronic intelligence equipment in the radar, can use as a base both a radar with an AFAR with a fixed aperture, and a radar based on a phased antenna array with an antenna canvas on a turntable.

Claims (3)

1. A multi-frequency in-fuselage station of active jamming, containing a jammer, consisting of a series-connected sawtooth voltage generator, a voltage-controlled generator, a power adder, a key, a power amplifier (PA) and a directional coupler, as well as a noise generator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the power adder, a pseudo-random sequence generator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the key, and a series-connected temperature sensor and a protective shutdown system, the output of which is connected to the control input power amplifier, and the other input of the protective shutdown system is connected to the output of a directional coupler, the other output of which is the output of the noise shaper, as well as to the antenna-feeder system, characterized in that an additional adder/splitter, the second and third noise shapers are introduced, functionally the same as the first, each operating in its own frequency range, while the overlap ratio in frequency of each noise shaper is the same and with the same output power of the PA of each jammer, a uniform interference power density in frequency is provided in the entire operating range. frequencies, the outputs of all interference generators are connected to the antenna-feeder system through an adder/splitter, while the adder/splitter is frequency-selective. 2. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna-feeder system consists of several parts located on the outer sides of the front and rear, left and right sides of the aircraft fuselage. 3. The station according to claim 2, characterized in that the adder/splitter is configured to separate the broadband active interference signal into separate frequency letters corresponding to the frequency letters of the corresponding parts of the antenna-feeder system.

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