RU2798520C1 - Controlled electromagnetic dynamic emitter of elastic waves of low frequency in non-conductive media - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acoustics.

SUBSTANCE: controlled electromagnetic dynamic emitter of elastic low-frequency waves in non-conductive media consists of an axis assembled from two ferromagnetic sections, which are the cores of two solenoids, as well as an axis of two dampers and nuts that fix a permanent magnet located between the solenoids fixed on the emitter housing, and a section of diamagnet, which is the axis of a permanent magnet.

EFFECT: ability to control the emitter in the entire range of operating frequencies, variable in power and amplitude.

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Description

The invention relates to the section acoustics. It can be used in the oil industry (acoustic impact on oil reservoirs), in geophysical acoustic logging equipment, in the design of acoustic flowmeters, in flaw detection, and other devices. There are many devices with emitters of elastic waves in liquid media of sound and ultrasonic frequencies, with a limit of 1 kHz. and above, these are piezoelectric and magnetostrictive emitters operating on the resonance effect. The emitter of elastic vibrations in these devices are the surfaces of piezoceramics or magnetostrictive transducers oscillating with the frequency of the supply voltage. The maximum oscillation amplitude (tens of microns) occurs when the natural frequencies of the emitter and the applied voltage are equal (resonance effect), i.e. the emitter is operated at one sufficiently high frequency.

The operation of elastic wave emitters at high frequencies imposes restrictions on the creation of acoustic flowmeters for wide application. Produced acoustic flowmeters are used in pipelines with clean products, where there are no impurities and gas bubbles. which makes it impossible to use acoustic flowmeters on oil and gas pipelines, since the size of inclusions in a moving liquid must be an order of magnitude smaller than the acoustic wavelength. Creation of acoustic flowmeters for wide application is possible with the use of elastic wave emitters with frequencies up to 50 Hz.

There is a known method and device [1] for processing a productive formation of a well, using when acting on a formation, along with high-frequency (10-60 kHz), combinational low-frequency acoustic vibrations (20-4000 Hz). Low-frequency oscillations arise when two high-frequency oscillations are mixed; when oscillations of 20 kHz and 22 kHz (or 20 kHz and 20.05 kHz) are mixed, in addition to the initial ones, low-frequency elastic oscillations of 2 kHz (50 Hz) also arise in the medium.

Known method and device [2] treatment of the formation with packages of sonic and ultrasonic elastic vibrations. The period of emission of packets is 20ms or 50ms (radiation frequency in a packet is 8-25kHz). The packet length is half of the packet emission period. Packet radiation creates the effect of radial pressure pulsations of the acoustic field at low frequencies (50Hz or 20Hz). By changing the periods of emission of packets, we get the opportunity to control pulsations at low frequencies.

We consider it as a prototype.

In the proposed dynamic emitter of elastic waves of low and extremely low frequency, the source of vibrations is the axis associated with permanent magnets and electromagnets, which oscillates under the action of magnetic forces. The oscillation amplitude, depending on the design of the emitter, can reach tens of millimeters.

The proposed source of elastic waves is controllable over the entire operating frequency range, and variable in power and amplitude.

Controlled electromagnetic dynamic emitter of low frequency elastic waves in non-conductive media can be manufactured in the following versions:

Option A (Fig. 1). It consists of an axle (1.1A) connected to a permanent magnet (3), nuts (4), dampers (6) and solenoids (2) fixed on the body (5). The axis is mounted from two ferromagnetic sections (1), which are the cores of the solenoids, the axis of the dampers and nuts, and one section of the diamagnet (1A), on which, in the center, between the solenoids, there is a permanent magnet. Nuts fix the permanent magnet in working position. Applying alternately constant voltage to the solenoids, so that the magnetic poles of the solenoids attract the permanent magnet and also draw in the core, we get the vibration of the axis with a fixed permanent magnet with nuts, with a voltage switching frequency, i.e., a source of elastic waves in the placed medium. The dampeners, located between the permanent magnet and the solenoids, dampen the blows of the permanent magnet against the coils of the solenoids.

Option B (Fig. 2). It consists of an axis (1.1A) connected with permanent magnets (3), nuts (4) fixed at the ends of the axis, dampers (6) and solenoids (2) fixed on the body (5) close to each other. The axis is mounted from two ferromagnetic sections (1), and three diamagnetic sections (1A), one of which is in the center, and divides the ferromagnetic sections so that they are the cores of the solenoids, and permanent magnets are fixed on the other two. The diamagnetic section located in the center should be longer than two damper lengths, and the ferromagnetic sections should be longer than the diamagnetic section separating them. The nuts serve to fix the permanent magnets in their working position. Applying alternating constant voltage to the solenoids, so that the emerging magnetic poles of the solenoids attract the permanent magnet and also draw in the core, we get the vibration of the axis with fixed permanent magnets and nuts with a voltage switching frequency, i.e., a source of elastic waves. The dampeners, located between the permanent magnets and the solenoids, dampen the blows of the permanent magnets against the solenoid coils.

Option B1 (Fig. 3). It consists of an axle (1), solenoids (2) fixed on the body (5) close to each other, nuts (4) that limit the movement of the axle, and dampers (6). The axis consists of a ferromagnetic section with nuts at the ends. Applying constant voltage to the solenoids alternately. Thus, by retracting the core, we get the vibration of the axis with the voltage switching frequency. The dampers, located between the solenoids and the nuts, dampen the blows of the nuts against the solenoid coil.

Option B2 (Fig. 3). It consists of an axle (1.1A), solenoids (2) fixed on the body (5) tightly to each other, nuts (4) that limit the movement of the axle, and dampers (6). The axis is mounted from two diamagnetic sections (1A) located at the ends of the axis with nuts, and a ferromagnet section (1) located in the center. Applying alternately constant voltage to the solenoids, thereby retracting the core, we get the vibration of the axis with the voltage switching frequency. The dampers, located between the solenoid and the nuts, dampen the blows of the nuts against the solenoid coil.

Option B3 (Fig. 2). It consists of an axle (1.1A), solenoids (2) fixed on the body (5) close to each other, nuts (4) that limit the movement of the axle, and dampers (6). The axis is assembled from two ferromagnetic sections (1), and a diamagnetic section (1A) located in the center, which divides the ferromagnetic sections so that they are the cores of the solenoids. Applying alternately constant voltage to the solenoids, thereby retracting the core, we get the vibration of the axis with the voltage switching frequency. The dampers, located between the solenoids and the nuts, dampen the blows of the nuts against the solenoid coil.

When the placement of the listed modifications of emitters does not allow the dimensions of the device, or for other reasons, the following design options are possible.

Option D (Fig. 4). It consists of an axle (1.1A) connected with permanent magnets (3), nuts (4) fixed at the ends of the axle, dampers (6) and an electromagnet (2) fixed on the body (5). The diameter of the electromagnet must be greater than its height. The axis is mounted from a ferromagnetic section (1), which is the core of the electromagnet and dampers, and two diamagnet sections, on which permanent magnets are fixed, located on the axis with the same poles to each other. Applying an alternating voltage to the electromagnet, we get the vibration of the axis with permanent magnets and nuts with the frequency of the supply voltage. The dampers located between the permanent magnets and the electromagnet dampen the blows of the permanent magnets against the electromagnet coil.

Option D (Fig. 4). It consists of an axis (1.1A) connected to a permanent magnet (3), an electromagnet (2) fixed on the body (5), nuts (4), and dampers (6). The axis is mounted from a ferromagnetic section, which is the core of an electromagnet, dampers and a nut, and a diamagnet section, which is the axis of a permanent magnet and a nut, on which a permanent magnet is fixed. The nuts are used to fix the permanent magnet in the working position. Applying an alternating voltage to the electromagnet, we get the vibration of the axis with the nuts with the frequency of the supply voltage. The dampers, located on the side walls of the electromagnet coil, dampen the blows of the permanent magnet and the nut on the electromagnet coil.

Literature:

1. Patent N 2162519. A method of acoustic treatment of a productive well.

Priority from 27.01.2001 class. E 21B 43/25, 28/00.

2. Patent N 2456442. A method of acoustic impact on oil reservoirs and a device for implementation.

Priority dated July 20, 2012 class. E 21B 43/25.28/00.

3. Increased oil recovery of oil reservoirs by ultrasonic treatment.

Author: Fedorova Tatyana Alexandrova.

Published in "Young Scientist" No. 20 (310) May 2020

Claims (6)

1. Controlled electromagnetic dynamic emitter of low-frequency elastic waves in non-conductive media, consisting of an axis mounted from two ferromagnetic sections, which are the cores of two solenoids, as well as an axis of two dampers and nuts, fixing a permanent magnet located between the solenoids mounted on the emitter housing, and a section of a diamagnet, which is the axis of a permanent magnet, and alternately a constant voltage is applied to the coil of one of the solenoids so that the solenoid core is retracted, and the permanent magnet is attracted to the emerging magnetic poles of the solenoid, generating vibration of the axis, with a fixed permanent magnet, with a voltage switching frequency to the solenoid coils. 2. Controlled electromagnetic dynamic emitter of low-frequency elastic waves in non-conductive media, consisting of an axis mounted from two ferromagnetic sections, which are the cores of two solenoids fixed on the emitter housing and located close to each other, as well as an axis of two dampers located between the solenoids and permanent magnets, and three diamagnetic sections, two of which are the axis of two permanent magnets, and fixing nuts located at the ends of the axis, and the third section, located in the center, divides the ferromagnetic sections so that they are the cores of the solenoids, and serve alternately direct voltage to the coil of one of the solenoids so that the core of the solenoid is retracted and the permanent magnet is attracted to the resulting magnetic poles of the solenoid, generating a vibration of the axis, with fixed permanent magnets, with the frequency of switching on the voltage to the coils of the solenoids. 3. Controlled electromagnetic emitter according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of the diamagnetic section located in the center must be at least two damper lengths. 4. Controlled electrodynamic radiator according to claim 3, characterized in that the length of the ferromagnetic sections must be greater than the length of the central section of the diamagnet. 5. Controlled electromagnetic dynamic emitter of elastic waves of low frequency in non-conductive media, consisting of an axis mounted from a ferromagnetic section, which is the core of an electromagnet, fixed on the emitter body, as well as an axis of two dampers located between permanent magnets and an electromagnet, and two sections of a diamagnet , which are the axis of two permanent magnets located with the same magnetic poles to each other, and fixing nuts at the ends of the axis, and supply alternating voltage to the electromagnet coil, generating vibration of the axis, with fixed permanent magnets, with the frequency of the supply voltage of the electromagnet. 6. Controlled electromagnetic emitter according to claim 5, characterized in that the height of the electromagnet must be less than its diameter.

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