RU2796178C1 - Launch facility for launch of carrier rocket with solid fuel accelerators - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rocket; space technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for ground launch of space rockets and is designed cost-effective launch of payloads into near-Earth orbits. Launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters, containing a launch facility, a launch system, a shaft, general technical systems and auxiliary equipment, the launch vehicle has four solid fuel boosters docked to the first stage of the rocket, the booster nozzles are divided into two parts, the lower housings nozzles and upper nozzle housings, in solid fuel boosters there are rods fixed on the launch pad, in which there is a charge of solid fuel with an igniter, high-temperature seals are installed at the ends of the rods, the upper nozzle housings have high-temperature seals and abut against the support grids before the rocket launch, and the ends of the rods abut into the extended support bars, solid fuel charges with igniters are located in the upper bodies of the boosters, when the bars leave the accelerators, the upper and lower bodies form a nozzle, the support bars slide into the upper nozzle body, the bars act as guides during rocket launch.

EFFECT: invention ensures delivery of heavier loads to the near-earth orbit of the Earth.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The alleged invention relates to the field of rocket and space technology and can be used for ground launch of space rockets and is aimed at cost-effective launch of payloads into near-Earth orbits.

Missile systems are known [Afanasiev E.V., Baloban V.I., Bobyshev S.V., Dobroserdov I.L. / Structural-element modeling of gas-dynamic systems G.P. Grankin B.K., Kozlov V.V., Solovyov V.N. / Fundamentals of designing rocket and space systems). processes during rocket launch. - Bal. state tech. un-t. SPb., 2004, p. 1-9], [G.P. Biryukov. Grankin B.K., Kozlov V.V., Solovyov V.N. / Fundamentals of designing rocket and space systems). On the launch pad, technological trusses (towers) provide rigid fixation of the rocket in a vertical position until the moment of launch. At the moment of launch, they are disconnected (rejected). The launch is carried out by the engines of the first stage.

The disadvantage of the complexes is that they are able to slightly increase the payload when flying into the Earth's orbit by refueling supercooled fuel and oxidizer.

Known rocket R-36M, "Sarmat", which is located in the mine, which maintains a temperature-humid regime. The launch of the rocket is carried out using a special solid fuel gas generator to increase the pressure of the lower part of the transport and launch container and pushes it along with the rocket. After the rocket reaches a height of about 20 meters, the pallet is moved to the side, the propulsion system of the first stage of the carrier rocket is launched.

The disadvantage is that the rocket engines are started only when leaving the mine, the launch of a rocket with side blocks is not provided, which significantly reduces the payload launched into the Earth's orbit. Rocket launch is possible only from the mine. Starting may not be possible in strong side winds.

The purpose of the present invention is to create solid-propellant launch vehicle boosters that provide a greater output of the payload into the Earth's orbit.

The proposed invention will solve the problem of delivering heavier loads to Earth's near-Earth orbits.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters, containing a launch facility, a launch system, a shaft, general technical systems and auxiliary equipment, according to the invention, the launch vehicle has four solid fuel boosters docked to the first stage of the rocket, the booster nozzles are separated into two parts, the lower nozzle bodies and the upper nozzle bodies, in the solid fuel boosters there are rods fixed on the launch pad, in which there is a charge of solid fuel with an igniter, high-temperature seals are installed at the ends of the rods, the upper nozzle bodies have high-temperature seals and abut against the support grids before the launch of the rocket, and the ends of the rods into the extended support bars, in the upper housings of the accelerators there are solid propellant charges with igniters, when the rods exit the accelerators, the upper and lower housings form a nozzle, the support rails are retracted into the upper housing of the nozzle, the rods are guides at the start of the rocket.

The essence of the proposed launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters is illustrated by graphic images:

Fig. 1 "Launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters". Installing the rocket on the launch pad before launch.

Fig. 2 "Launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters". Exit rods from solid fuel boosters.

Fig. 3 "Launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters". The position of the upper part of the nozzle in the solid fuel booster before the launch of the rocket.

Fig. 4 "Launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters". The position of the upper part of the nozzle and the lower part of the nozzle, after the rod exits the solid fuel booster.

Where:

1. The lower attachment point of the solid fuel booster to the first stage of the rocket;

2. Plug solid fuel charge in the rod;

3. Lower fuse;

4. Starting table;

5. The lower body of the solid fuel booster nozzle;

6. Drainage holes;

7. The lower case of the front solid fuel booster;

8. The lower body of the solid fuel booster;

9. Rod;

10. Solid fuel rod charge;

11. Docking unit for the outer and lower housings of the solid-propellant booster;

12. Support grid;

13. The upper body of the accelerator;

14. The upper body of the front solid fuel booster;

15. The upper attachment point of the solid fuel booster to the first stage of the rocket;

16. Solid propellant charge of the upper body of the accelerator;

17. Upper fuse;

18. The first stage of the rocket;

19. The head of the rocket;

20. Left solid fuel booster;

21. Rear solid fuel booster;

22. The body of the first stage of the rocket;

23. Right solid fuel booster;

24. Front solid fuel booster;

25. Fuel tank of the first stage of the rocket;

26. High temperature seal;

27. Wedge;

28. Roller;

29. Support bar;

30. High-temperature seal of the upper body of the nozzle;

31. Upper body of the nozzle;

32. Left bar;

33. Rear bar;

34. Right bar;

35. Front bar;

36. The engine of the first stage of the rocket.

The proposed principle of operation of the launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters is as follows. The rocket is on the launch pad 4 of FIG. 1, with solid propellant boosters 20, 21, 23, 24 attached to the first stage of the rocket, FIG. 1. Lower ends of rods 32, 33, 34, 35 FIG. 1 are fixed on the launch table 4. The upper bodies of the nozzles abut against the support grid 12, and the ends of the rods against the extended support bars 29 FIG. 3. High temperature seals 26 and high temperature seals of upper nozzle bodies 30 FIG. 3 prevent gas leakage during the ignition of solid propellant charges of rods 32, 33, 34, 35 and solid propellant charges of upper accelerator housings 16.

When starting the engine of the first stage of the rocket 36 of Fig. 1 and reaching the maximum power, the lower fuses 3 and the upper fuses 17 are activated. 1 and solid propellant charges of the upper booster housings 16. The resulting gas pressure inside the upper booster housings 13 and the upper housings of the nozzles 31 create lift (much greater than from the outflow of gases from the rocket nozzle) together with the engine of the first stage of the rocket 36. When the rocket is lifted, the upper nozzle housing 31 approaches the lower body of the solid fuel booster nozzle 5. The air between the inner walls of the booster and the outer walls of the rods is forced out through the drainage holes 6 FIG. 1. When the upper 31 and lower 5 bodies come into contact, the wedge 27 of FIG. 3.4, moves upwards by moving the support bar 29 in the upper nozzle body 31, forming a flat surface of the upper part of the nozzle without creating turbulence. It turns out full-fledged nozzles of solid fuel boosters. After the exit of the rods 32, 33, 34, 35 from the lower housings of the nozzle 5. Combustion of solid propellant charges of the upper housing of the accelerator 16 create jet thrust accelerators. After solid propellant charges 16 burn out, accelerators 21, 22, 23, 24 are undocked from the first stage of the rocket 18 of FIG. 1. Next, the rocket performs a regular flight.

The proposed launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid-fuel boosters will increase the payload launched into Earth's near-Earth orbits.

The proposed technical solution is unknown from available sources of information from the field of rocket and space technology, from which it follows that it can be practically implemented in production, that is, it meets the patentability criteria.

Claims (1)

A launch complex for launching a launch vehicle with solid fuel boosters, containing a launch facility, a launch system, a shaft, general technical systems and auxiliary equipment, characterized in that the launch vehicle has four solid fuel boosters docked to the first stage of the rocket, the booster nozzles are divided into two parts, lower nozzle housings and upper nozzle housings, in solid boosters there are rods fixed on the launch pad, in which there is a charge of solid fuel with an igniter, high-temperature seals are installed at the ends of the rods, the upper nozzle housings have high-temperature seals and abut against the support grids before the rocket launch, and the ends of the rods into the extended support bars, in the upper housings of the accelerators there are solid propellant charges with igniters, when the rods exit the accelerators, the upper and lower housings form a nozzle, the support rails are retracted into the upper housing of the nozzle, the rods are guides at the launch of the rocket.

Images