RU2787784C1 - Grain disinfection plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. A plant for disinfecting grain is proposed, consisting of a frame on which support rollers are installed, as well as a working surface, above which a bunker is mounted, above which a belt conveyor is installed, ultraviolet lamps and a plow leveler are also located above the working surface. On the frame there are low and high supports, on which vibrating mechanisms are installed, on which the working surface is fixed. High supports are made with the possibility of height adjustment. Guides are installed on the sides of the working surface.

EFFECT: invention provides continuous disinfection of grain.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Description of the invention

The grain disinfection plant belongs to agriculture and is designed for disinfection and stimulation of grain, before sprouting, used as a vitamin supplement for animals and poultry.

A known method of disinfection of bulk products and a device for its implementation [RU 2279806 C2 A23B 9/06 (2006.01) A23L 3/54 (2006.01), 07/20/2006], consisting of a hopper, a tray, shock absorbers, a vibrator, sources of ultraviolet radiation.

The disadvantages of this device is that when the grain moves along a flat tray, high energy costs are required to move the material, when the product is fed into the drum, the mass of the unloading neck of the loading unit may clog.

A device for ultraviolet treatment of grain before germination [RU 2749099 C1 A01C 1/02 (2006.01), 04.06.2021] is known, consisting of a screw, an ultraviolet lamp, a conveyor belt, nozzles, a receiving hopper.

The disadvantage of the device for ultraviolet treatment of grain before germination is that the auger moves a certain amount of grain and some of the grains do not fall under radiation during movement, so the grain treatment will not be complete, and the auger may damage the grain during transportation, which will lead to losses.

The closest analogue is a device for ultraviolet treatment of seeds before germination [RU 2751843 C1 A01C 1/02 (2006.01), 07/19/2021], consisting of an auger, ribs, a casing, an ultraviolet lamp, a dosing hopper, a parabolic reflector.

The disadvantage of the device for ultraviolet treatment of seeds before germination is that the auger moves a certain amount of grain and some of the grains do not fall under radiation during movement, so the grain treatment will not be complete, and the auger may damage the grain during transportation, which will lead to losses.

The objective of the invention is to ensure continuous disinfection of grain by irradiating it with ultraviolet lamps with direct and reflected rays, turning the grain during irradiation in order to irradiate its entire surface, due to the vibration of the working surface, transporting grain during its irradiation, eliminating mechanical injury to the grain during rotation and transportation , due to movement with the help of vibrating mechanisms and a working surface located at an angle to the horizontal, the distribution of grain across the width of the working surface, due to the use of a plow spreader, the possibility of changing the dose of treatment by changing the speed of movement along the working surface, by changing the angle of inclination of the working surface , as well as frequencies and amplitudes of vibrating mechanisms.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in order to implement this task, the proposed installation for grain disinfection is made of connected parts: a frame, vibrating mechanisms, supporting rollers, guides, a conveyor belt, a working surface, low and high supports, ultraviolet lamps, a reflector, bins, a damper , plow leveler.

In this case, the frame is made with the possibility of mounting individual parts. Low and high supports are located on the frame, vibrating mechanisms are installed on the low and high supports, while the high supports are made with the possibility of height adjustment. The working surface is fixed on the vibrating mechanisms. The ability to adjust high supports is necessary to be able to change the angle of inclination of the working surface to the horizontal. Guides are installed on the sides of the working surface. The guides are installed parallel to the axis of the working surface. Guides are installed along the edges of the working surface in such a way as to prevent spillage of grain. Above the working surface, from the side that is installed above, a bunker is mounted. The unloading window of the hopper is closed with a damper. The shutter is made with the possibility of opening. The gate is intended for grain dosing. A belt conveyor is installed above the bunker. With the possibility of supporting the upper branch of the belt conveyor, rollers are installed. A plow leveler is installed above the working surface. For the possibility of changing the layer of grain on the working surface, the plow leveler is located with the possibility of vertical movement. UV lamps are installed above the working surface. UV lamps are installed parallel to the work surface. A reflector is installed above the ultraviolet lamps. The reflector is mounted parallel to the UV lamps. Below the working surface, on the side that is installed below, a bunker is mounted. The bunker is necessary for the accumulation of processed grain.

The principle of operation of the grain disinfection plant will be clear from the following description and the accompanying drawing. In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the installation for the disinfection of grain.

At the same time, the installation for grain disinfection (Fig. 1) consists of a frame 1, on which low supports 2 and high supports 3 are located. Vibrating mechanisms 4 are installed on high 3 and low supports 2. A working surface 5 is fixed on vibrating mechanisms 4. High supports 3 are necessary to change the angle of inclination of the working surface 5 to the horizontal. Guides 6 are installed on the sides of the working surface 5. Guides 6 are installed parallel to the axis of symmetry of the working surface 5. Guides 6 are installed along the edges of the working surface 5 in such a way as to prevent grain spillage. Above the working surface 5, from the side that is installed above, the hopper 7 is mounted. The damper 8 is intended for grain dosing. A belt conveyor 9 is installed above the hopper 7. With the possibility of supporting the upper branch of the belt conveyor 9, rollers 10 are installed. A plow leveler 11 is installed above the working surface 5. To change the grain layer on the working surface 5, the plow leveler 11 is located with the possibility of vertical movement. Above the working surface 5, ultraviolet lamps 12 are installed. Ultraviolet lamps 12 are installed parallel to the working surface 5. Above the ultraviolet lamps 12, a reflector 13 is installed. The reflector 13 is installed parallel to the ultraviolet lamps 12. Below the working surface 5, from the side that is installed below, a hopper 14 is mounted. Hopper 14 is necessary for the accumulation of processed grain.

The principle of operation of the grain disinfection plant will be clear from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

Installation for disinfection of grain works as follows. The ultraviolet lamps 12 are turned on. The light from the ultraviolet lamps 12 spreads in all directions, including the working surface 5, as well as the inner surface of the reflector 13. The light that hit the inner surface of the reflector 13 is directed to the working surface 5. Using a tape conveyor 9 in the hopper 7 serves grain. In the hopper 7 carry out the accumulation of grain. Then the shutter 8 is opened, and the grain is directed to the working surface 5. With the help of vibrating mechanisms 4, the working surface 5 is set in motion. The grain repeatedly changes its position on the working surface 5 and interacts with the 11 plow leveler. distribution of grain across the width of the working surface 5. During vibration, part of the grain can fall on the edges of the working surface 5. After that, the grains interact with guides 6, which prevent grain from spilling from the sides of the vibrating surface 5 during its movement. Due to the vibration of the working surface 5, the grain is repeatedly rotated in space, the grain is simultaneously irradiated with ultraviolet lamps 12 and the grain is moved down the working surface 5. Then the treated grain is sent to the hopper 14.

The installation for grain disinfection ensures continuous disinfection of grain by irradiating it with ultraviolet lamps with direct and reflected rays, turning grain during irradiation in order to irradiate its entire surface, due to vibration of the working surface, transporting grain during its irradiation, eliminating mechanical injury to grain when turning and transportation, due to movement with the help of vibrating mechanisms and a working surface located at an angle to the horizontal, distribution of grain across the width of the working surface, due to the use of a plow leveler. The possibility of changing the treatment dose by changing the speed of movement along the working surface, by changing the angle of inclination of the working surface, as well as the frequency and amplitude of the vibrating mechanisms.

Sources of information

1. RU 2279806 С2 А23В 9/06 (2006.01) A23L 3/54 (2006.01), 07/20/2006. A method of disinfection of bulk products and a device for its implementation / V.P. Arkhipov, V.I. Bazikov, A.S. Kamrukov, N.P. Kozlov, A.I. Kryzlov, S.G. Shashkovsky, M.S. Yalovik. - 2004116184/13, Appl. May 27, 2004; Published 07/20/2006.

2. RU 2749099 C1 А01С 1/02 (2006.01), 06/04/2021. Device for ultraviolet treatment of grain before sprouting / S.V. Vendin, Yu.V. Saenko, V.Yu. Strakhov, M.S. Shirokov. - 2020134664, Appl. 10/21/2020; Published 06/04/2021.

3. RU 2751843 C1 А01С 1/02 (2006.01), 07/19/2021 Device for ultraviolet treatment of seeds before germination / S.V. Vendin, Yu.V. Saenko, V.Yu. Strakhov, M.S. Shirokov. - 2020140719, Appl. 09.12.2020; Published 07/19/2021.

Claims (1)

Installation for disinfection of grain, consisting of a frame on which support rollers are installed, as well as a working surface, above which a bunker is mounted, above which a belt conveyor is installed, also above the working surface there are ultraviolet lamps and a plow leveler, characterized in that low and high supports, vibrating mechanisms are installed on low and high supports, the working surface is fixed on the vibrating mechanisms, while the high supports are made with the possibility of height adjustment, in order to change the angle of inclination of the working surface to the horizontal, guides are installed on the sides of the working surface, guides are installed parallel to the axis of the working surface, a plow leveler is installed above the working surface, in order to change the grain layer on the working surface, the plow leveler is located with the possibility of vertical movement, ultrafi UV lamps, UV lamps are installed parallel to the work surface, a reflector is installed above the UV lamps, the reflector is installed parallel to the UV lamps.

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