RU2787183C1 - Technological line for seed germination - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and is intended for accelerated germination of seeds. The technological line is made of a grower, ultraviolet lamps, pallets with cells, a fan with a heating element. A pulse counter is provided. Trays with cells are made with recesses for water-absorbing material. For supplementary illumination of seeds during the germination period, two phytolamps are provided on each tier. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are fixed in the germination zone. On the belt conveyor there is a chamber made closed with two windows for supplying seeds. The windows in the chamber are located on both sides in the direction of the belt conveyor belt. The inner surface of the chamber is made with a reflective coating. An ultraviolet radiation intensity sensor is provided in the irradiation zone.

EFFECT: invention provides an increase in the efficiency of seed germination.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Technological line for germination of seeds refers to agriculture and is designed for accelerated germination of seeds. The seed germination production line can be used to produce hydroponic green fodder.

Known hydroponic installation for growing green fodder [RU 132679 U1, A01G 31/02 (2006.01), 27.09.2013]. The installation consists of a container for preparing a suspension, an ultrasonic bath, a multi-tiered rack, a grower and lamps.

The disadvantages of the installation include the lack of means for controlling the parameters of temperature and humidity during the germination of green fodder mass, which makes it difficult to control the required microclimate parameters during germination.

Known technological line for germinating and introducing sprouted grain into feed [RU 2558219 C1, A01K 5/00 (2006.01), 27.07.2015], consisting of a conveyor for germinating grain, bins, a loading auger, a conveyor dryer, air ducts, fans, a boiler plant , crushers, mixers, mixer hopper, vehicles equipped with augers.

The disadvantage of the technological line is the disinfection of grain before germination using a solution of potassium permanganate. The need to soak seeds for up to 4-5 hours in a solution of potassium permanganate reduces the flow rate of the technological line for sprouting and introducing sprouted grain into mixed fodder.

Known conveyor plant for the germination of hydroponic greenery [RU 2656668 C1, A01C 1/02 (2006.01), 06/06/2018], consisting of a frame, hoppers for soaking, feed conveyors, belt conveyors, hoppers, lamps.

The disadvantages of this design is the lack of a grain growth stimulation system, thus, uneven germination of hydroponic greens can be observed.

There is a hydroponic installation [RU 2019959 C1, A01G 31/02, 09/30/1994]. The installation consists of a multi-tiered rack, a container for a nutrient solution, a fan, lamps, bactericidal irradiators.

The disadvantages of this design include the lack of means for controlling the intensity of bactericidal radiation, as a result of which there may be a lack or excess of the established dose of bactericidal treatment of planting material.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of germination by disinfecting seeds with ultraviolet radiation, to exclude the spread of ultraviolet radiation into the surrounding space, to ensure constant monitoring of the parameters of the intensity of ultraviolet radiation inside the chamber and the parameters of the microclimate inside the grower.

The problem is solved by the fact that a closed chamber with ultraviolet lamps is provided on the belt conveyor to disinfect the surface of the seeds. The level of ultraviolet radiation in the chamber is controlled by an ultraviolet radiation intensity sensor. The inner surface of the camera has a reflective coating. The temperature inside the grower is controlled by a temperature sensor. The humidity inside the grower is controlled by a humidity sensor.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that to implement this task, the proposed technological line for germinating seeds is made of germinators, ultraviolet lamps, pallets with cells, a fan with a heating element. A pulse counter is provided. Trays with cells are made with recesses for water-absorbing material. For additional illumination of seeds during the germination period, two fitolamps are provided on each tier. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are fixed in the germination zone. On the belt conveyor there is a chamber made closed with two windows for supplying seeds. The windows in the chamber are located on both sides in the direction of the belt conveyor belt. The inner surface of the chamber is made with a reflective coating. An ultraviolet radiation intensity sensor is provided in the irradiation zone.

At the same time, a technological line for seed germination is necessary for disinfecting the surface of seeds from mold and fungi, stimulating sprout processes in seeds and germinating seeds.

The technological line for seed germination includes a dosing hopper. For the possibility of movement of the belt conveyor, an electric motor is provided. A belt conveyor is provided for the possibility of supplying seeds to the chamber with ultraviolet lamps. For the possibility of disinfecting seeds, ultraviolet lamps are provided. The chamber is provided with an ultraviolet radiation intensity sensor. A frequency converter is provided to control the seed feed rate. To control the operating time of UV lamps, a pulse counter is provided. The structure is mounted on a frame. The grower is designed to accommodate pallets with cells. Trays with cells are made with recesses for water-absorbing material. For supplementary illumination of seeds during the germination period, two phytolamps are provided on each tier. To moisten the seeds with water or a nutrient solution, nozzles are provided above each tray with cells. To maintain optimal microclimate parameters in the grower, a fan with a heating element is provided. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are fixed in the germination zone.

The principle of operation of the technological line for germination of seeds will be clear from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the technological line for seed germination.

The technological line for germinating seeds consists of a hopper-dispenser 1 (Fig. 1), a belt conveyor 2. The movement of the belt conveyor 2 is carried out by means of an electric motor 3. For processing seeds, a chamber 4 is placed on the belt conveyor 2. To be able to limit the spread of radiation from ultraviolet lamps 5 chamber 4 is made closed with two windows for supplying seeds. The windows in the chamber 4 are located on both sides in the direction of movement of the conveyor belt 2. The inner surface of the chamber 4 is made with a reflective coating. Ultraviolet lamps 5 are designed to operate in various irradiation modes. To control the dose of bactericidal treatment above the belt conveyor 2 in the irradiation zone, an ultraviolet radiation intensity sensor 6 is provided. To program the operating modes of the installation, a frequency converter 7 is provided in the control circuit. To control the operating time and ensure timely replacement of ultraviolet lamps 5, a pulse counter 8 is provided. mounted on a frame 9. For the germination of treated seeds, a germinator 10 is provided. The germinator 10 is made with three tiers. On each tier of the grower 10 there are trays with cells 11. Trays with cells 11 are provided for seed germination. Each tier of grower 10 provides for two phytolamps 12 and one nozzle 13. A fan with a heating element 14 is located above the upper tier of grower 10. To be able to control the optimal microclimate parameters during the germination period, a temperature sensor 15 and a humidity sensor 16 are fixed in each tier of grower 10.

The proposed technological line for seed germination works as follows. Seeds for processing are loaded into the hopper 1. The operator sets the required supply of seeds from the hopper 1 to the belt conveyor 2. Through the belt conveyor 2, the seeds enter the chamber 4. In the chamber 4, the seeds are disinfected from microorganisms and mold. Disinfection is carried out by radiation from ultraviolet lamps 5. Radiation from ultraviolet lamps 5 is applied to the seeds and the ultraviolet radiation intensity sensor 6. The treated seeds are fed to the 10 germinator for subsequent germination. Seeds are placed in trays with cells 11. Phytolamps 12 are used to illuminate the seeds during germination in the grower 10. During germination, the seeds are moistened by spraying water or nutrient solution with nozzles 13. To ensure that the required microclimate parameters are maintained in the grower 10, a fan with a heating element 14 is used. Control temperature and humidity parameters are carried out by a temperature sensor 15 and a humidity sensor 16.

The proposed technological line for germination of seeds provides an increase in the efficiency of germination due to the disinfection of seeds with ultraviolet radiation, makes it possible to exclude the spread of ultraviolet radiation into the surrounding space due to a closed chamber, allows you to control the parameters of ultraviolet radiation during disinfection due to an ultraviolet radiation intensity sensor and control temperature and humidity parameters during the germination period due to the temperature sensor and humidity sensor.

Sources of information

1. RU 132679 U1, A01G 31/02 (2006.01). Hydroponic installation for growing green fodder mass / M.L. Gordievsky, E.I. Stolbovaya, O.S. Penzina; applicant and patent holder FGBOU VPO "Chelyabinsk State Agroengineering Academy". - 2013122435/13, Appl. May 15, 2013; publ. 09/27/2013.

2. RU 2558219 C1, А01K 5/00 (2006.01). Technological line for sprouting and introducing sprouted grain into mixed fodder / S.A. Bulavin, Yu.V. Saenko, A.N. Makarenko, A.N. Ivchenko, A.I. Yudin, E.G. Fedorchuk - 2014103764/13; declared 04.02.2014; publ. 07/27/2015.

3. RU 2656668 C1, А01С 1/02 (2006.01). Conveyor installation for the germination of hydroponic greenery / S.V. Vendin, Yu.V. Saenko, A.N. Makarenko, A.A. Getmanov, S.V. Saenko - 2017135127; declared 04.10.2017; publ. 06/06/2018.

4. RU 2019959 C1, A01G 31/02. Hydroponic installation / N.V. Baulin, A.I. Sokolova; applicant scientific and production cooperative "Agrotechnika" under the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Board of the All-Union Agro-Industrial Scientific and Technical Society; Baulin N.V., Sokolova A.I. - 5008422/15, Appl. 11/12/1991; publ. 09/30/1994.

Claims (1)

Technological line for germinating seeds, consisting of a germinator, ultraviolet lamps, trays with cells, a fan with a heating element, characterized in that a pulse counter is provided to control the operation time and ensure timely replacement of ultraviolet lamps, trays with cells are made with recesses for water-absorbing material , for additional illumination of seeds during the germination period, two phytolamps are provided on each tier, temperature sensors and humidity sensors are fixed in the germination zone, a camera is placed on the conveyor belt for seed treatment, in order to limit the spread of radiation from ultraviolet lamps, the camera is closed with two windows for supplying seeds , windows in the chamber are located on both sides in the direction of movement of the belt conveyor, the inner surface of the chamber is made with a reflective coating, a sensor is provided to control the dose of bactericidal treatment above the belt conveyor in the irradiation zone intensity of ultraviolet radiation.

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