RU2783396C1 - Panel-frame module for building construction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to methods and structures for the rapid erection of frame structures. The specified effect is achieved due to the fact that the panel-frame module for the construction of buildings, containing a beam frame and panels of the floor, wall and ceiling planes, characterized in that the panels in the same plane and the panels of adjacent planes are interconnected by a tenon joint, in which the spike of one panel is located in the corresponding groove of the other panel, and the spikes of the panels of adjacent planes are made protruding outward from the space limited by the panels with the possibility of forming external corner joints along the perimeter of the module, in which beams are mounted to the protruding spikes of the panels, interconnected into a single beam frame.

EFFECT: increasing the strength of the structure while expanding the scope, for example, to ensure the unification of the construction of buildings with any dimensions, number of floors and spans.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The object of search relates to the field of construction, namely to methods and structures for the rapid erection of frame structures [E04B 1/02, E04B 1/10, E04B 1/18, E04B 1/26, E04B 2/14, E04B 2/70, E04B 5/12, E04C 2/10, E04C 2/38, E04C 2/40, E04C 3/02].

From GOST 9330-2016 “Basic connections of parts made of wood and wood materials. Types and sizes ", various types of connections are known, in particular, those used in carpentry, for example, such as a connection of the" thorn - groove ", dovetail" and others, in which, in addition to connecting parts, due to the connection with each other, mutual limitation is provided. movement of parts in any plane. So, when connecting two flat parts in the form of a sheet, on the sides facing each other, the parts have recesses and protrusions corresponding to each other in size and shape. In the connected position, the protrusions are located in the recesses corresponding to them and securely hold the parts from mutual movement in the connection plane. This is how the connection called “puzzle” works, realizing the connection of parts, mutually blocking their movement. One of the variants of known connections is a connection, which may be called a "comb", since on the sides of the parts to be joined, protrusions-teeth and corresponding recesses are made, which, as a rule, can have an appropriate shape. For connected parts, the teeth and notches are aligned and limit the movement of parts along the connection line.

A WOOD BLOCK FOR MANUFACTURING WOODEN HOUSES, BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND A WOOD BLOCK BUILDING [RU127772 (U1), publ.: 05/10/2013] is known from the prior art. sizes are connected to each other with a shift in such a way that both in length and in width they form a spike and a groove for connecting with other wood blocks in the horizontal and vertical directions. Wood block building, including walls, ceiling, roof, made of wood material and interconnected, characterized in that it additionally includes a strapping made of wood blocks, upper and lower crowns connected in series by vertical posts to form a frame, spikes of wood blocks of vertical posts installed in the grooves of the upper and lower crowns, the walls are made by filling the frame with wood blocks of the same size by inserting the spike of each subsequent wood block into the groove of the previous one, additionally includes a floor and ceiling made by filling the frame with wood blocks in the same way as walls.

The disadvantage of the analogue is its weak design study, due to the fact that the technical solution concerns only the frame-and-beam structure and thereby excludes the technological component of the turnkey building structure.

Also known WALL PANEL WITH WOODEN FRAME [CN102425251 (A), publ.: 04/25/2012], consisting of a cladding panel and a wall frame, while the cladding panel is fixed to the side of the wall frame, and the wall frame consists of an upper beam, a lower beam and several rods, and each rod is located between the upper beam and the lower beam, forming a frame structure.

The disadvantage of analogue is the low reliability of the panel, due to the fastening of the panel only to the frame and only in one plane.

The closest in technical essence is an INTERLOCKING BUILDING STRUCTURE [US2011099936 (A1), publ.: 05/05/2011], containing a plurality of frame nodes connected together to form an internal frame structure of the building, each of the specified set of frame nodes contains a farm, a pair of vertical wall elements and a floor beam, wherein said truss is attached to the respective upper ends of said pair of vertical wall elements at each end of said truss by means of a locking connection, in which the front side of the truss and the front sides of a pair of vertical wall elements essentially coincide with the plane, and each lower end of the specified a pair of vertical wall elements attached to the respective ends of the specified floor beams locking connections; a plurality of cross members connecting said plurality of frame nodes at a distance from each other; at least one floor panel attached to the specified set of frame blocks and located on top of each floor beam of the specified set of frame blocks; and a plurality of exterior wall panels attached to the outside of the interior frame structure.

The main technical problem of the prototype is the limited scope, in particular, in terms of dimensions and number of storeys of possible buildings, the reason for which is the limited strength characteristics of the proposed design. In addition, the solution imposes high requirements on the accuracy of manufacturing structural parts, especially the joints of the supporting frame elements, so the solution is relatively difficult to implement.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the strength of the structure while expanding the scope, for example, to ensure the unification of the construction of buildings with any dimensions, number of floors and spans.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the panel-frame module for the construction of buildings, containing a beam frame and panels of the planes of the floor, walls and ceiling, characterized in that the panels in the same plane and the panels of adjacent adjacent planes are interconnected by a tenon joint, in which the spike of one panel is located in the groove of the other panel corresponding to it, and the spikes of the panels of the adjoining adjacent planes are made protruding outward from the space limited by the panels with the possibility of forming external corner joints along the perimeter of the module into which beams are mounted to the protruding spikes of the panels, interconnected into a single beam frame.

In particular, the width and height of the beams of the beam frame correspond to the size of the flanges of the outer corner joint.

In particular, the beams located in the same plane are additionally interconnected by auxiliary beams and lintels.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows the design of the panel-frame module with beams in the frame-beam structure.

Figure 2 shows the design of the panel-frame module with frames in a frame-beam structure.

The figures indicate: 1 - panels, 2 - longitudinal beams, 3 - transverse beams, 4 - vertical beams, 5 - side longitudinal beams, 6 - end beams, 7 - auxiliary transverse beams, 8 - vertical longitudinal beams, 9 - end cross beams beams, 10 - auxiliary horizontal beams, 11 - vertical lintels, 12 - cutouts.

Implementation of the invention.

Panel-frame module for the construction of buildings in one of the embodiments is a panel structure enclosed inside the frame-beam structure.

The panel structure is formed by the planes of the floor, side walls and ceiling. Said planes are formed by panels 1 (see Figure 1) made of sheet material, interconnected by a lock joint, both in one plane and in adjacent planes of the side walls to the plane of the floor or ceiling.

The connection of panels 1 in one plane is made by a spiked detachable connection, for example, a dovetail connection or a puzzle connection, for which purpose alternating grooves and spikes corresponding to each other are made in adjacent panels 1 on adjacent sides (not shown in the figures).

The connection of panels 1 located in planes adjacent to each other is also made by a spike connection, for which purpose in the panels adjacent to each other, on adjacent sides, alternating grooves and spikes corresponding to each other are made, while the spikes are formed at the junction of adjacent, located in one plane of the panels 1 and are made protruding outside the plane of the panels 1, forming between the planes at the points of their connection an open outer corner joint.

At the joint, along the panels 1 mounted longitudinal 2, 3 transverse and 4 vertical beams (see Figure 1), forming a frame-beam structure. Said beams 2-4 are connected to protruding spikes of panels 1 at their abutment to said beams 2-4 by a detachable connection, for example, nails, self-tapping screws, screws, etc. To ensure the rigidity of the frame-beam structure, said beams 2-4 are connected to each other at the junction points at the corners of the structure by a detachable connection, while to increase the strength, said beams 2-4 are connected to each other by a spike connection. At the same time, the width and height of said beams 2-4 are made corresponding to the size of the shelves of the outer corner joint formed by protruding spikes beyond the plane of panels 1 with the possibility of mounting said beams 2-4 flush with the ends of said spikes. This is due to the possibility of tight connection of several modules one next to the other.

In the described embodiment, the panel-frame module shown in figure 1 can be used as internal modules in the construction of multi-module buildings.

In one embodiment, the frame-beam structure is made of lower and upper rectangular frames (see Figure 2), made according to the size of the floor and ceiling of the panel structure, taking into account the panels 1 protruding beyond the plane of the floor and ceiling, forming at the junctions of adjacent to each other of the joint planes for mounting frame beams in them. Each of the lower and upper frames is formed by side longitudinal beams 5, interconnected by end beams 6 and auxiliary transverse beams 7. The panel structure is placed on the lower frame and is covered from above by the upper frame, while the said frames along the side walls of the panel structure are interconnected by side frames made of vertical longitudinal beams 8 connected to each other by end transverse beams 9 and auxiliary horizontal beams 10. End transverse beams 9 are connected to each other and / or to auxiliary horizontal beams 10 by vertical jumpers 11.

The ends of the vertical longitudinal beams 8 are made protruding up and down with the possibility of overlapping to the side longitudinal beams 5 of the upper and lower frames, respectively, and the distance between the end transverse beams 9 is made with the possibility of placing the side frames between the protruding spikes of the panels 1 of the floor and ceiling.

In the side longitudinal beams 5 of the lower and upper frames and in the corresponding sections of the panels 1 of the floor and ceiling, cutouts 12 are made for mounting additional vertical beams (not shown in the figures).

Panels 1 of the planes of the floor, ceiling and side walls are mounted to the frame-beam structure with a detachable connection, including auxiliary transverse beams 7 of the lower and upper frames, auxiliary horizontal beams 10 and vertical jumpers 11 of the side frames.

The panel-frame module, in the embodiment shown in figure 2, can be used as external, placed outside the building, modules in the construction of multi-module buildings, the lower and / or upper and / or at least one side frame in this case is performed the function of an external frame for the formation of external walls with their help. Internal modules, that is, modules that do not have access to the outside of the building, or in other words, none of the planes is external to the building, in a multi-module building there can be panel-frame modules shown in Fig.1.

Panel-frame modules for the construction of buildings described above and shown in figure 1, 2 can combine a frame-beam structure, consisting simultaneously of beams 2-4 and frames. The number of planes of the ceiling, floor, side walls in each of the modules is determined by the design of the building and their placement, and the uniformity of panels 1 and beams 2-4, as well as frames, allows you to unify the design of the panel-frame module and the construction of the building as a whole.

The frame-and-beam structure is made mainly of wooden beams.

Panels 1 are made mainly of sheet wood-based materials, such as plywood.

In addition to these materials, and the most commonly used option, in which the building can be made mainly of wooden materials such as plywood, profiled beams and the like, the building structure can be made of any known materials having the required design characteristics.

Due to the location of the elements of the frame-beam structure outside the panel structure, the inner surface of the panel structure forms the interior space of the building for its subsequent finishing or zoning with additional internal walls and partitions.

The building can be additionally insulated from the outside and sheathed with exterior decoration elements.

In addition, the technical solution can be used in building structures that do not have a building envelope on one or more sides, in particular, in the structures of house modules intended for connection at the construction site, or in the structures of houses with open verandas.

When used in modular, including multi-storey, construction, individual modules are produced in a workshop in the dimensions of a standard transport and can be loaded and transported to the installation site. Also, according to the description of the technical solution, kits of parts for the subsequent delivery and assembly of the building can be produced. Installation or assembly can be carried out on a foundation or foundation of any type. The modules are installed one next to the other and connected to each other by connecting the adjacent elements of the frame-and-beam structures to each other.

The panel-frame module for the construction of buildings can be used for temporary or permanent year-round living, as a personal country house, for equipping tourist camps and recreation centers, for equipping places of residence near production, for organizing an office, for organizing an exhibition or presentation stand, and any other needs.

The use of the invention provides a reduction in labor intensity and an increase in the speed and accuracy of production due to the modularity and versatility of production.

Although the technical solution has been described in detail for the purpose of illustration based on embodiments that are currently considered the most practical and preferred, it should be understood that such details serve only the specified purpose, while the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but covers equivalent connection options that do not go beyond the scope of the claims.

Claims (3)

1. A panel-frame module for the construction of buildings, containing a beam frame and panels of the floor, wall and ceiling planes, characterized in that the panels in one plane and the panels of adjacent adjacent planes are interconnected by a spike connection, in which the spike of one panel is located in the corresponding the groove of the other panel, and the spikes of the panels of adjacent adjacent planes are made protruding outward from the space limited by the panels with the possibility of forming external corner joints along the perimeter of the module, in which beams connected to each other into a single beam frame are mounted to the protruding spikes of the panels. 2. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the width and height of the beams of the beam frame correspond to the size of the shelves of the outer corner joint. 3. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the beams located in the same plane are additionally interconnected by auxiliary beams and jumpers.

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