RU2776612C1 - Rotary free engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to engine building. The connecting rodless rotary engine comprises a body (1), a rotor (2), an ignition contact (12), an ignition spark plug (15). The mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion consists of a T-shaped curved groove (3) made in the housing (1), in which the rod (9) with two rollers (6) moves. A flywheel (13) is fixed on the rotor (2), and inside the rotor (2) there is a cutout for the combustion chamber (14), in which the spark plug (15) is installed, and a hole (16) in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which the plate (17) inlet, outlet plate (19) and separating plate (18) interconnected by a cylindrical hinge (20). The free ends of the inlet plate (17) and the outlet plate (19) are connected through hinges (21) to the rods (9) installed in the T-shaped curved grooves (3, 4, 5) of the body (1). The free end of the separation plate (18) is fixed on the rod (10) installed in the T-shaped curved groove of the body (1).

EFFECT: increasing the reliability of the engine and increasing the resource of its work.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for use in the field of engine building and can be used in transport and other branches of technology. The engine can be used as a source of mechanical energy for machines and mechanisms of land, water and air transport, as well as for driving various industrial and household units.

Known is a connecting rodless internal combustion engine (ICE), (RF patent for invention No. 2167321, publ. 05.20.2001, bull. No. 14), which contains a housing, four pairs of opposed cylinders, eight pistons rigidly connected by rods to the roller shafts and located in cylinders with the formation of working chambers (combustion chambers), and a mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational. The mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion is attached to the power take-off shafts and is made of two flywheels bored at the end with oval-shaped (elliptical) grooves for sliding the working rollers. Two supporting faceplates are rigidly attached to the motor housing and have four grooves for sliding the support rollers. There are two pairs of shafts, at the ends of which support and working rollers are pressed in, which make it possible to convert the reciprocating motion into rotational, providing eight cycles of "Working stroke" for each revolution of the shaft.

The disadvantage of the known engine is its complex design and non-uniformity of the shaft rotation, since the cycle time "working stroke" takes only 1/4 of the full cycle of a four-stroke internal combustion engine.

A connecting rodless rotary engine is known (RF patent for the invention No. 2737467, publ. 30.11.2020, bull. No. 34), adopted as a prototype. The engine contains a housing in which cylinders with combustion chambers and pistons are located, rigidly connected by rods to the roller shafts, and a mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion. On the housing for each of the cylinders, an ignition contact is fixed and a rotor is installed, inside which an elliptical cavity is made with two ignition protrusions and three T-shaped elliptical (curvilinear) grooves, and the cylinders are fixed at an angle of 120 ° to each other on the housing in series along rotor axis and perpendicular to the rotor axis, and each cylinder contains two pistons, one combustion chamber and a spark plug, two parallel rods are fixed on each piston, the free ends of which are brought out of the body through two linear bearings, and a shaft with two rollers, and to apply voltage to the spark plug, the ignition protrusion closes the ignition contact.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inevitable loss of fuel during the purge (cleaning) of the cylinders, which dramatically worsen the economy and efficiency of a two-stroke engine.

The essential features of the invention coincide with the following set of features of the prototype: a housing, a rotor, an ignition contact, a spark plug and a mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion, consisting of a T-shaped curved groove made in the housing, in which a rod with two rollers moves.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at simplifying the design of the engine and ensuring smooth rotation of the rotor, as a result of which the reliability of the engine is increased and its service life is increased.

This is achieved by the fact that the connecting rodless rotary engine contains a housing, a rotor, an ignition contact, a spark plug and a mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion, consisting of a T-shaped curved groove made in the housing, in which a rod with two rollers moves. In the proposed solution, a flywheel is fixed on the rotor, and inside the rotor there is a cutout for the combustion chamber, in which a spark plug is installed, and a hole in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which an intake plate, an exhaust plate and a separating plate are installed. The plates are interconnected by a cylindrical hinge. In this case, the free ends of the inlet plate and the outlet plate are connected through hinges to the rods installed in the T-shaped curved grooves of the body, and the free end of the separating plate is fixed on the rod installed in the T-shaped curved groove of the body.

The rotor is mounted inside the housing on bearings. A flywheel is fixed on the rotor, and a cutout is made inside the rotor for the combustion chamber, in which the spark plug is installed. The proposed engine does not have a cylinder, piston and valve mechanism of a classic four-stroke internal combustion engine, and instead of them, to simplify the engine design, plates connected by hinges are used. Inside the rotor, a through hole is made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which three plates are installed, connected by a cylindrical hinge. The rotor has radial holes for the rods and the dividing plate. An inlet plate, the free end of which is connected through a hinge to a rod installed with its rollers in a curved groove for controlling the inlet of a combustible mixture. The dividing plate divides the rotor opening into the combustible mixture inlet cavity and the exhaust gas outlet cavity. At the free end of the dividing plate, a rod is fixed, installed with its rollers in a curved groove for controlling the intake of the combustible mixture, compression, power stroke and exhaust gases. Exhaust plate, the free end of which is connected through a hinge to a rod installed with its rollers in a curved groove for controlling the exhaust gas release. During engine operation, the intake and exhaust plates perform a wave-like movement inside the rotor opening, performing the functions of, respectively, the inlet valve of the combustible mixture and the exhaust valve of the exhaust gases, and also form, together with the inner surface of the rotor opening, variable volumes of the chambers for the inlet of the combustible mixture, compression, power stroke and exhaust gases. Tightness between the plates and the inner surface of the rotor hole is achieved in a known way, for example, in the form of sealing plates installed in the recesses of the ends of the plates, pressed by springs to the inner surface of the rotor hole (not shown).

The invention is illustrated in the drawings. Figure 1 shows a general view of the connecting rodless rotary engine, and also, to better show the design, the rollers G (4: 1), the hinge D (3: 1), the cylindrical hinge E (3: 1), the contact W ( 3:1) and spark plug AND (3:1). Fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig. 1. FIG. 3 - section B-B in Fig. 1. FIG. 4 - section B-B in Fig. 1 (illustrating the operation of a crankless rotary engine). Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the intake plate, separation plate and exhaust plate inside a rectangular hole in the rotor to better show the engine design in the position shown in figure 6 "e". Fig.6 - graphical representation of the full cycle of the proposed engine, which shows the position of the plates and rods: a - the initial position of the rotor 0°; b - after turning the rotor by 30°; c - after rotation of the rotor by 60°; d - after turning the rotor by 180°; e - after turning the rotor by 300°; e - after rotation of the rotor by 330°.

The connecting rodless rotary engine comprises a housing 1 and a rotor 2. Three T-shaped curved grooves 3,4,5 are made in the housing 1, in which rollers 6, 7, 8, rods 9, 10, 11 move, respectively. The ignition contact 12 is installed on the body 1. The flywheel 13 is fixed on the rotor 2. Inside the rotor 2, a cutout is made for the combustion chamber 14, in which the spark plug 15 is installed. The rotor 2 has a through hole 16 in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which three plates are installed, namely, inlet plate 17, separation plate 18, outlet plate 19 connected by a cylindrical joint 20.

The free end of the inlet plate 17 is connected through a hinge 21 to the rod 9 installed by its rollers 6 in the curved groove 3 for controlling the inlet of the combustible mixture.

The dividing plate 18 divides the hole 16 of the rotor 2 into the cavity 22 of the inlet of the combustible mixture and the cavity 23 of the exhaust gases. At the free end of the dividing plate 18, a rod 10 is fixed, installed with its rollers 7 in a curved groove 4 for controlling the intake of the combustible mixture, compression, power stroke and exhaust gases. The mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion is formed by a dividing plate 18 with a rod 10 fixed on it with rollers 7 and a T-shaped curved groove 4 made in the body 1. The dividing plate 18, together with the rod 10, moves reciprocating inside the hole 16 of the rotor 2 perpendicular to its axis of rotation. The rollers 7 of the rod 10, moving along the T-shaped curved groove 4, rotate the rod 10, and with it the rotor 2 around its axis of rotation.

The free end of the outlet plate 19 is connected through a hinge 24 to the rod 11 installed with its rollers 8 in the curved groove 5 of the exhaust gas control. The inlet plate 17 and the outlet plate 19 during engine operation perform a wave-like motion inside the hole 16 of the rotor 2, performing the functions of the air mixture inlet valve and the exhaust gas outlet valve, respectively. The inlet plate 17 and the outlet plate 19 form, together with the inner surface of the opening 16 of the rotor 2, the variable volumes of the combustible mixture inlet chamber 25, the compression chamber 26, the power stroke chamber 27 and the exhaust chamber 28.

The engine works as follows.

Starting position. (Rotor 2 in position 0°).

The rollers 6 of the rod 9 are located in the curved groove 3 of the body 1. The rod 9 with the hinge 21 presses the free end of the inlet plate 17 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 6 "a") .

The rollers 7 of the rod 10 are located in the curved groove 4 of the housing 1. The rod 10 holds the dividing plate 18 with a cylindrical hinge 20 connecting the plates 17,18 and 19, in the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 6 "a").

The rollers 8 of the rod 11 are located in the curved groove 5 of the body 1. The rod 11 with the hinge 24 presses the free end of the outlet plate 19 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 "a") .

The initial state:

Flywheel 13 has a certain energy of rotational motion.

In the cavity 22 of the inlet of the combustible mixture of the hole 16 of the rotor 2 filed a combustible mixture.

1) The intake stroke of the combustible mixture.

A) Rotor 2 rotates clockwise as viewed from flywheel 13, from 0° to 30°.

The rod 11, moving along the curved groove 5, presses the free end of the release plate 19 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 4, Fig. 6 "b").

The rod 9, moving along the curved groove 3, raises the free end of the inlet plate 17, thereby opening the access of the combustible mixture from the cavity 22 to the chamber 25 of the inlet of the combustible mixture. (see Fig. 2, Fig. 6 "b").

The rod 10, moving along the curved groove 4, raises the dividing plate 18 together with the cylindrical hinge 20 and the plates 17 and 19, thereby sucking the combustible mixture from the cavity 22 into the combustion mixture inlet chamber 25. (see figure 3, figure 6 "b")

B) Rotor 2 rotates from 30° to 60°.

The rod 11, moving along the curved groove 5, presses the free end of the outlet plate 19 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see figure 4, figure 6 "c").

The rod 9, moving along the curved groove 3, lowers the free end of the inlet plate 17, thereby blocking the access of the combustible mixture from the cavity 22 to the chamber 25 of the inlet of the combustible mixture. . (see Fig. 2, Fig. 6 "c").

The rod 10, moving along the curved groove 4, raises the dividing plate 18 together with the cylindrical hinge 20 and the plates 17 and 19, thereby sucking the combustible mixture from the cavity 22 into the combustion mixture inlet chamber 25. (see Fig. 3, Fig. 6 "c")

2) The compression stroke of the combustible mixture.

Rotor 2 rotates from 60° to 180°.

The rod 9, moving along the curved groove 3, presses the free end of the inlet plate 17 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 2, Fig. 6 "d").

The rod 11, moving along the curved groove 5, presses the free end of the release plate 19 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 4, Fig. 6 "d").

The rod 10, moving along the curved groove 4, lowers the dividing plate 18 together with the cylindrical hinge 20 and the plates 17 and 19 down, thereby compressing the combustible mixture in the compression chamber 26. (see Fig. 3, Fig. 6 "d").

3) Stroke stroke.

Rotor 2 rotates from 180° to 300°.

The rod 9, moving along the curved groove 3, presses the free end of the inlet plate 17 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 2, Fig. 6 "e").

The rod 11, moving along the curved groove 5, presses the free end of the outlet plate 19 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 4, Fig. 6 "d").

When the rotor 2 rotates through 180°, the ignition contact 12 energizes the spark plug 15, igniting the compressed combustible mixture in the combustion chamber 14, increasing the pressure in the power stroke chamber 27.

The pressure in the chamber 27 of the working stroke, acting on the plates 17 and 19, through the cylindrical hinge 20 raises the dividing plate 18 together with the rod 10 upwards, which, moving along the curved groove 4, rotates the rotor 2 by 120° from 180° to 300°, makes useful work. Thus, the cycle time "working stroke" takes 1/3 of the full cycle of a four-stroke internal combustion engine, which increases the smoothness of rotation of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 3, Fig. 6 "d").

4) Tact of release of the fulfilled gases.

A) Rotor 2 rotates from 300° to 330°.

The rod 9, moving along the curved groove 3, presses the free end of the inlet plate 17 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 2, Fig. 6 "e").

The rod 11, moving along the curved groove 5, raises the free end of the outlet plate 19, thereby opening the outlet of the exhaust gases to the cavity 23, and then to the atmosphere. (see Fig. 4, Fig. 6 "e").

The rod 10, moving along the curved groove 4, lowers the dividing plate 18 together with the cylindrical hinge 20 and the plates 17 and 19, thereby squeezing the exhaust gases from the chamber 28 into the cavity 23, and then into the atmosphere. (see Fig. 3, Fig. 6 "e").

B) Rotor 2 rotates from 330° to 360°.

The rod 9, moving along the curved groove 3, presses the free end of the inlet plate 17 to the lower part of the inner surface of the hole 16 of the rotor 2. (see Fig. 2, Fig. 6 "a").

The rod 10, moving along the curved groove 4, lowers the dividing plate 18 together with the cylindrical hinge 20 and the plates 17 and 19, thereby squeezing the exhaust gases from the chamber 28 into the cavity 23, and then into the atmosphere. (see Fig. 3, Fig. 6 "a").

The rod 11, moving along the curved groove 5, lowers the free end of the exhaust plate 19, thereby blocking the exit of exhaust gases into the cavity 23. (see Fig. 4, Fig. 6 "a").

Thus, the engine, having completed 4 cycles, returned to its original position.

The smoothness of rotation of the rotor 2 is achieved by increasing the cycle time "stroke" from 1/4 to 1/3 of the full cycle of a four-stroke internal combustion engine, resulting in increased reliability of the engine and increases its service life.

The engine design is simplified by replacing the cylinder with a rectangular hole 16 in the rotor 2, and the piston and gas distribution valves with plates 17 and 19. This increases the reliability and service life of the engine.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at simplifying the design of the engine and ensuring smooth rotation of the rotor, as a result of which the reliability of the engine is increased and its service life is increased.

Claims (1)

Connecting rodless rotary engine containing a housing, a rotor, an ignition contact, a spark plug and a mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion, consisting of a T-shaped curved groove made in the housing, in which a rod with two rollers moves, characterized in that on the rotor the flywheel is fixed, and inside the rotor there is a cutout for the combustion chamber, in which the spark plug is installed, and a hole in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which the inlet plate, the outlet plate and the separating plate are installed, interconnected by a cylindrical hinge, while the free ends of the inlet plate and release plates are connected through hinges with rods installed in T-shaped curved grooves of the body, and the free end of the separating plate is fixed on the rod installed in the T-shaped curved groove of the body.

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