RU2759530C1 - Cargo pallet for transportation and storage of goods - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: goods storing.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for moving and storing goods. The cargo pallet consists of a flooring, supports in the form of sheet elements, connected with the flooring along the notches in its body, spaced across the area, with the formation of technological openings, for placing the forks of lifting equipment. On the ends of the sheet elements, grooves are made, between which a shutter is formed, with fixing teeth. The supports are made in the form of mutually perpendicularly installed sheet elements connected to each other through vertical cuts made at half height and mirrored with respect to each other. The closure teeth are oriented towards the grooves separated by projections. The cuts on the deck are made mutually perpendicular to each other. The deck is equipped with square holes for corresponding projections on the ends of the sheet elements facing the deck. The assembly of the supports is carried out by introducing sheet elements into vertical cuts, with the gates oriented to the deck. The assembled supports are installed in the grooves, with the simultaneous introduction of the protrusions into the corresponding square holes, by applying a vertical force. The locking teeth of the shutter resiliently interact with the flooring body in the grooves, ensuring reliable fixation of the supports with the flooring. To reduce the weight of the cargo pallet in the body of the flooring, windows are made between the supports, the material from this action is directed to the manufacture of sheet elements, which reduces costs.EFFECT: possibility of quick installation of a cargo pallet at the place of use without the use of special technical means; reducing the weight of the pallet, while maintaining a high bearing capacity; ensuring the fixation of cargo (boxes, bags, etc.) on the pallet due to interaction with the flooring, which has its own windows, as well as the surface of the sheet elements of the supports, which can go out through the notches with the ability to be located above the flooring surface; reliable fixation of the supports on the flooring due to the elastic interaction of the bolt tongues with the flooring body in the grooves.1 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for storing, storing and moving by a loader packages, boxes-containers, in particular to reusable pallets, with the possibility of reusable use.

Known US Pat. RF No. 2.531.733, IPC B65D 19/00, "Pallet and method of manufacturing a pallet", publ. 04/20/2011 Bul. No. 11.

The pallet contains a flooring for stowing goods, for example boxes or bags, the supporting elements of which are attached to the flooring, with the formation of openings between them to ensure the introduction of a load-holding device of a vehicle, for example, an elevator. The deck and supporting elements are made of flat-glued wood (plywood).

The supporting elements themselves are made of a given curvilinear shape from bent glued wood, with a semicircular or rectilinear base. The supporting elements themselves are attached to the flooring with fasteners.

The design allows the loader to be used from either side, since the entryways are of the same size, sufficient for the fork to enter.

However, the pallet design has disadvantages, namely:

- the need for fastening the supporting elements to the flooring is associated with the performance of additional work on drilling a number of holes, both in the body of the supporting elements and in the flooring, followed by rigid fastening with self-tapping screws or studs.

Known wooden flat reusable pallets, made of several parallel boards, with symmetrically spaced checkers, allowing you to form a space for gripping the pallet with the fork of a loader. The pallet is made of edged materials and complies with GOST 9078-84 (ST SEV 317-76).

The disadvantage of the pallet is the use of hardwood, which makes it difficult and expensive to manufacture, since all the elements are connected with a metal fastener.

The known design of the cargo pallet US Pat. RF №2.741.161, IPC B65D 19/14, "Cargo pallet", publ. 01/22/2021 Bul. No. 3.

The cargo pallet consists of a flooring made of a whole fiberboard, a number of supports made of the same material, spaced apart across the area, with the formation of technological openings, for placing the fork of a cargo lift.

The supports are made in the form of a cellular structure of several sheet elements having vertical slots and tongues on the upper end surface, with the formation of a slotted gap and a shutter with vertical slots, which are separated by protrusions. The extreme protrusions are shortened. Valves with vertical slots are installed perpendicular to the vertical slots of the sheet elements.

It is assumed that the width of the vertical grooves of the shutter is equal to twice the thickness of the flooring sheet, in which a number of longitudinal cuts are made for the corresponding cells of the sheet elements of the supports. The length of the longitudinal cuts is equal to the distance between the vertical cuts of the sheet elements. The cells of the sheet elements are placed above the surface of the flooring, when mounting the elements of the supports with the latter.

Each support is formed of three closures and three sheet metal elements, with the possibility of contact of the projections with the side surfaces of the sheet metal elements.

In the middle part, the flooring has two supports installed close to each other.

Assembled supports are installed with tongues in overlapping grooves and in contact with the deck. The thrust of the tabs of the supports on the flooring occurs in the direction from the technological openings.

The disadvantages of the design include:

- the design of the supports is quite difficult to manufacture and assemble, this also applies to the connection of the supports to the deck;

- for the manufacture of supports, a sufficiently large amount of starting material is required, which increases the weight of the structure as a whole.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the proposed invention:

- reduction of labor costs in the manufacture of components, since only one type of material is used;

- the possibility of quick installation of a cargo pallet at the place of use without the use of special technical means;

- reducing the weight of the pallet, while maintaining a high bearing capacity;

- ensuring the fixation of cargo (boxes, bags, etc.) on the pallet due to interaction with the flooring, which has its own windows, as well as the surface of the sheet elements of the supports, which can go out through the notches with the ability to be located above the flooring surface;

- the ability to reduce costs when transporting cargo pallets by stacking them in each other;

- reliable fixation of the supports on the flooring due to the elastic interaction of the bolt tongues with the flooring body in the grooves;

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the cargo pallet consists of a flooring in the form of a solid fiberboard, supports in the form of petal elements connected to each other and along the notches, with the flooring and spaced across its area, with the formation of technological openings, for placing the forks of lifting equipment ... The supports are made of sheet elements mutually perpendicular to each other and interconnected through vertical cuts, made half of their height and mirrored in relation to each other. The closures are made at the ends of the sheet elements, between the vertical grooves and are equipped with fixing teeth oriented towards the recesses, separated by a protrusion. The deck is equipped with a number of mutually perpendicular cuts for sheet elements and square holes for corresponding protrusions on the ends of sheet elements facing the deck, and windows are made in the deck between the supports.

The design of a cargo pallet for transportation and storage of goods is illustrated by drawings where:

- in Fig. 1 - general view of a cargo pallet;

- in Fig. 2 is a general view of a cargo pallet assembled with supports rotated 180 °.

- in Fig. 3 is a top view of the flooring with notches for the supports;

- in Fig. 4 is a general view of the support;

- in Fig. 5 - support elements;

- in Fig. 6 is a side view of the deck assembled with supports;

- in Fig. 7 - placement of boxes-containers on the surface of the flooring;

- in Fig. 8 is a diagram of the stacking of cargo pallets free of cargo.

The cargo pallet consists of a flooring 1 installed on supports 2, which are installed, with the formation of technological gaps 3 between them, to accommodate the fork of lifting equipment. The assembled support 2 is shown in FIG. 4 and consists of sheet elements 4 and 5, in the body of which cuts 6 and 7 are made, commensurate with the thickness of the sheet from which the flooring is made 1. At the ends of the sheet elements 4 and 5 facing the body of the flooring 1, grooves 8 are made, between which the shutter is located 9, with fixing teeth 10. The depth of cuts 6 and 7 on each sheet element 4 and 5 is equal to half their height. Moreover, cuts 6 and 7 on sheet elements 4 and 5 are mirrored in relation to each other. Closures 9, with fixing teeth 10 facing the side of the recesses 11, made at the ends of the sheet elements 4 and 5 and having a depth comparable to the thickness of the material for the flooring 1. Each selection 11 is divided into two parts by the projection 12. In the body of the flooring 1 there is a row mutually perpendicular cuts 13, spaced evenly over the surface of the flooring 1. The length of the cuts 13 is equal to the distance between the gates 9, with the fixing teeth 10 on the sheet elements 4 and 5, with the execution of square holes 14, at a distance equal to the distance at which the protrusions 12 are made on the ends of the sheet elements 4 and 5. The notches 13 and square holes 14 are evenly distributed over the entire area of the flooring 1, with the formation of technological openings 3, (side view) FIG. 6 after connecting the supports 2 with the deck 1, to ensure the placement of the forks of lifting equipment.

The assembly of the pallet for the transportation and storage of goods, such as boxes or bags, is carried out in the following sequence.

Supports 2 are assembled from sheet elements 4 and 5 by introducing the cut 6 of the sheet element 4, into the cut 7 of the sheet element 5.

The flooring 1 is laid horizontally and the supports 2 are sequentially installed on the notch 13, with the simultaneous introduction of the projections 12 into the corresponding square holes 14, which are made on the flooring 1. The sheet elements 4 and 5 of the supports 2 are inserted with vertical force, with the gates 9 into the notches 13, with the simultaneous introduction of the protrusions 12 into the square holes 14. Thus, all the supports 2 are installed on the deck 1.

When the sheet elements 4 and 5 are inserted into the grooves 13, the gates 9, equipped with locking teeth 10, interact with the flooring body 1, in the grooves 13, with the elastic deformation of the gate body 9, towards the groove 8, which ensures reliable retention of the supports 2 on the flooring 1 ...

To reduce the weight of the cargo pallet on the deck 1, windows 16 are made, the material of which is used in the manufacture of sheet elements 4 and 5, which saves the starting material.

Analysis of technical solutions showed that there are known wooden pallets, which are repeatedly used during transportation and handling operations, using lifting equipment (see GOST 9078 (ST SEV 317-76). The pallet can be gripped by hooks of lifting equipment from all sides.

The flooring is made of boards installed parallel to each other and supports, in the form of symmetrically placed checkers, which play the role of supports between which an opening is made to enter the lift fork.

The supports are connected to the deck with nails.

The pallet has a fairly large weight and low reliability in use.

For the manufacture of component parts, machine tools with numerical control are used, with laser cutting of the material, which makes it possible to obtain notches, grooves and cuts with high accuracy. The assembly of the supports and their connection to the deck takes place without additional calibration, fitting and machining.

The cargo pallet offered for protection can be made of dry-type fiberboard - HDF TU 600012256014-2018. Certificate according to DC / 05/2019 TRS-39, or multilayer plywood.

Claims (1)

A cargo pallet, consisting of a flooring in the form of a whole fiberboard, supports in the form of sheet elements connected along the grooves with the flooring and spaced across the floor area, with the formation of technological openings, for placing the fork of lifting equipment, a shutter for fixing the supports in the grooves on the flooring, which is different the fact that the supports are made in the form of mutually perpendicular sheet elements connected to each other through vertical cuts, made half the height and mirrored with respect to each other, the gates are made at the ends of the sheet elements between the vertical grooves and are equipped with fixing teeth oriented towards the recesses separated by projections, the flooring is provided with a number of mutually perpendicular cuts for sheet elements and square holes for corresponding projections on the ends of the sheet elements facing the flooring, and windows are made in the flooring between the supports.

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