RU2757370C1 - Composition for obtaining fungicidal smoke - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a new fungicidal composition that can be used for disinfection of objects of veterinary inspection, including livestock and poultry buildings. The composition for obtaining fungicidal smoke contains, in parts by weight: enilconazole or its salt: azodicarboxylic acid diamide: zinc oxide - 8:40:1-10:50:1.

EFFECT: proposed composition for obtaining fungicidal smoke is effective in protecting objects of veterinary supervision from mold fungi, forms stable smoke, does not contain toxic impurities and has a low temperature, due to which it provides minimal oxidation of expensive enilconazole.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to a new fungicidal-bactericidal composition that can be used for antifungal and antimicrobial disinfection of veterinary inspection facilities, including livestock and poultry buildings.

The increased concentration of breeding animals and birds, young stock and broiler chickens, as well as hatching eggs has led to an increase in their contamination with spores of modern livestock and poultry buildings, which are an ideal breeding ground for various fungi and microbes.

In poultry farms, the most common molds are those of the genus Aspergillus, and the hatchery is an ideal and basic place for Aspergillus to enter, reproduce and form spores.

In this case, the eggs do not necessarily become infected in the hatchery: the spores of the fungus can be brought along with the eggs.

Aspergillosis occurs in almost all birds and animals.

The consequence of aspergillosis in the hatchery is a decrease in the hatchability of eggs - the embryos die at about 16 days of incubation. Chicks often become infected immediately after hatching. This leads to their death within the first 10 days. The surviving chicks do not grow well. Birds with subclinical infection may not show obvious signs, but do not gain weight well, have an increased feed intake and / or a higher rate of rejection in the slaughterhouse.

The chronic form often manifests itself in the form of secondary infections that develop in already weakened or sick birds. Chronic aspergillosis is common in turkeys and broilers 4-5 weeks old. The fungus most commonly develops on infected litter, especially deep, damp and litter-covered litter. Feed or organic material can also be sources of contamination. Aspergillus can cause systemic infection, dermatitis, osteomycosis, ophthalmitis, arthritis, encephalitis, and polyserositis.

Infected animals cannot be cured, and infected hatcheries cannot be completely cleaned up.

Thus, programs for the prevention of aspergillosis at all stages of the production chain are needed, and therefore the development of effective means of protection against molds of the genus Aspergillus is an urgent task.

One of the ways to solve this problem is to create fungicidal fumes.

Fungicidal smoke is widely used in agriculture to protect animals and disinfect various premises. Treatment of objects of veterinary supervision using fungicidal smoke is the most effective, especially in the presence of large areas, because ensures the penetration of suspended particles into hard-to-reach places where treatment with a disinfectant in the form of a solution is impossible.

Known composition for obtaining fungicidal smoke, including enilconazole and auxiliary substances - lactose, magnesium silicate and potassium chlorate. The composition is widely used in modern incubators and does not require conditions for organizing a ventilation system (see, for example, Disinfectant against Aspergillosis Clinafarm smoke, Internet address: https: // agovektor / ru / physical_product / 547321-dezinficiruvuschiv-preparat-protiv-asp ., 05/15/19).

Enilconazole, which is part of the composition, is a synthetic broad-spectrum fungicide against Aspergillus fumigatus and other fungi - Trichophyton verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes, T..equinum, Microsporum canis, M. gypseum-, in particular dermatophytes. The mechanism of action of enilconazole is to selectively inhibit the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which leads to increased permeability of the cell wall of microorganisms and their subsequent death.

Processing is carried out in the absence of animals and birds.

The drug is highly effective, has no contraindications and side effects. However, during operation, the temperature of the smoke stream is 600-800 ° C, which causes partial destruction of expensive enilconazole.

The closest is a composition for obtaining fungicidal smoke, comprising enilconazole or its salt and the barium salt of azoformic acid (see, for example, RU 2715632 C1, 03/02/2020).

In this composition, when ignited in the composition of fungicidal smoke, in addition to enilconazole, there are no toxic impurities, and the fungicidal smoke itself is stable and has a temperature of 165-225 ° C, which ensures maximum sublimation of the active substance and intense uninterrupted gas formation.

However, during the use of this composition, it was noticed that during its storage for six months, a decrease in the content of the active substance in the aerosol is observed, while particles of the barium salt of azoformic acid are found in the aerosol, and an unreacted mixture remains in the checker.

The objective of the invention is to expand the range of highly effective low-temperature compositions for obtaining fungicidal-bactericidal smoke based on enilconazole.

The problem is solved in that, according to the invention, the composition for producing fungicidal smoke contains enilconazole or its salt, azodicarboxylic acid diamide and zinc oxide in the following ratio of ingredients, in wt. including: enilconazole or its salt: azodicarboxylic acid diamide: zinc oxide - 8: 50: 1- 10: 53: 1.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to obtain a highly effective composition based on enilconazole, which contains no impurities in the composition of fungicidal smoke, except for enilconazole, and the fungicidal smoke itself is stable and has a temperature of no more than 213 ° C, but for a long time it provides maximum sublimation of the active substance and intensive uninterrupted gas formation.

The claimed invention is illustrated by the following examples of execution, which, however, do not limit the scope of the claims of the applicant.

Example 1.

Enilconazole and azodicarboxylic acid diamide are separately sieved through a sieve before mixing. Then zinc oxide is mixed with pre-sieved enilconazole, and then with azodicarboxylic acid diamide.

The resulting mixture is also thoroughly mixed, poured into a metal jar with a wall spacer 2 mm thick, 70 mm in diameter and 25 mm high. The powder is compacted by tapping the can on a hard surface. A metal washer with 6 holes wrapped in cube paper is placed on top of the mixture, a 12 cm long fire-conducting cord is inserted into one of the middle holes so that 5 cm of the cord is inside the first chamber above the surface of the mixture. Then above the washer is placed a 2nd wall spacer 20 mm high, above it a 2nd metal washer with 4 holes and a 3rd wall spacer with a height of 10 mm are placed. From above, the jar is covered with an easy-open lid and rolled up using a manual seaming machine VNM-2.

One such checker is enough for antifungal disinfection of a room with a volume of 50 m.

Example 2.

In a tin smoke generator No. 1 with a volume of 200 ml, place 27.5 g of a mixture of azodicarboxylic acid diamide: enilconazole: zinc oxide in a ratio of 48: 6: 1. A room with a volume of 50 m ^{3 is} used for testing. One product is set on fire, the generator's operating time is 60 seconds. The measured value of the temperature of the smoke stream was 208 ° C. After the generator stops operating, an air sample is taken using an aspirator for air sampling Breeze-2 to the AFA-XA-20 filter. Aspiration time 30 min. The air consumption of the aspirator is about 0.8 dm ³ / min. After air sampling, the filters are analyzed by gas chromatography. The content of enilconazole in the air of the treated room was 3.9 mg / m ³ . Indoor temperature 22 ° C.

Biological testing of the claimed composition is carried out in a test room.

At the same distance from the center in opposite corners of the test room, four Petri dishes with a culture of Aspergillus niger with a concentration of a pathogenic biological agent of 10 ³ and 10 ⁶ CFU / dish are placed.

After starting the product, open Petri dishes are exposed for 4 hours, after which the Petri dishes are closed and transferred to a microbiological laboratory, where they are incubated in a thermostat at a temperature of 22.5 ± 2.5 ° C for 7 days. After 7 days, the formed colonies are studied, the vegetative and sporogenous activity of the mycelium is noted. Control - Petri dishes with a concentration of Aspergillus niger 10 ³ CFU / dish, which are incubated identically to the experimental ones.

During incubation, a delay in the development of colonies of the A. niger fungus was observed: the fungi begin to grow and form colonies 2-3 days later than in the control. Further, their growth and development were the same as in the control sample. In the control of each experiment, continuous growth was observed on the plates. Local growth represents colonies, the growth of which, under the influence of checker smoke, has stopped, but development can reach the stage of sporulation.

The test results are shown in the table.

As follows from the table, localized colonies of Aspergillus niger, which germinated on a nutrient medium, did not grow, remained small and did not reach the stage of sporulation.

Example 3.

In a tin smoke generator No. 2 with a volume of 200 ml, 28.5 g of a mixture of azodicarboxylic acid diamide: enilconazole: zinc oxide in a ratio of 50: 6: 1 are placed. A room with a volume of 50 m ^{3 is} used for testing. One product is set on fire, the generator's operating time is 80 seconds. The measured value of the temperature of the smoke stream was 213 ° C. After the generator stops operating, an air sample is taken using an aspirator for air sampling Breeze-2 to the AFA-XA-20 filter. Aspiration time 30 min. The air consumption of the aspirator is about 0.8 dm ³ / min. After air sampling, the filters are analyzed by gas chromatography. The content of enilconazole in the air of the treated room was 4.8 mg / m ^3. The room temperature was 21 ° C.

Biological testing of the claimed composition is carried out in a test room analogously to example 2.

The test results are shown in the table.

As follows from the table, localized colonies of Aspergillus niger, which germinated on a nutrient medium, did not grow, remained small and did not reach the stage of sporulation.

Example 4.

In a tin smoke generator No. 3 with a volume of 200 ml is placed 29.5 g of a mixture of azodicarboxylic acid diamide: enilconazole: zinc oxide in a ratio of 50: 8: 1. A room with a volume of 50 m ^{3 is} used for testing. One product is set on fire, the generator's operating time is 90 seconds. The measured value of the temperature of the smoke stream was 212 ° C. After the generator stops operating, an air sample is taken using an aspirator for air sampling Breeze-2 to the AFA-XA-20 filter. Aspiration time 30 min. The air consumption of the aspirator is about 0.8 dm ³ / min. After air sampling, the filters are analyzed by gas chromatography. The content of enilconazole in the air of the treated room was 7.8 mg / m ^3. The room temperature was 21 ° C.

Biological testing of the claimed composition is carried out in a test room analogously to example 2.

The test results are shown in the table.

As follows from the table, localized colonies of Aspergillus niger, which germinated on a nutrient medium, did not grow, remained small and did not reach the stage of sporulation.

Example 5.

In a tin smoke generator No. 4 with a volume of 200 ml is placed 30 g of a mixture of azodicarboxylic acid diamide: enilconazole: zinc oxide in a ratio of 51: 8: 1. For testing, a room with a volume of 50 m is used. One product is set on fire, the operating time of the generator is 100 sec. The measured value of the temperature of the smoke stream was 220 ° C. After the generator stops operating, an air sample is taken using an aspirator for air sampling Breeze-2 to the AFA-XA-20 filter. Aspiration time 30 min. The air consumption of the aspirator is about 0.8 dm ³ / min. After air sampling, the filters are analyzed by gas chromatography. The content of enilconazole in the air of the treated room was 9.1 mg / m ³ . Indoor temperature 23 ° C.

Biological testing of the claimed composition is carried out in a test room analogously to example 2.

The test results are shown in the table.

As follows from the table, localized colonies of Aspergillus niger, which germinated on a nutrient medium, did not grow, remained small and did not reach the stage of sporulation.

Example 6.

In a tin smoke generator No. 5 with a volume of 200 ml, 32 g of a mixture of azodicarboxylic acid diamide: enilconazole: zinc oxide in a ratio of 53: 10: 1 are placed. A room with a volume of 50 m ^{3 is} used for testing. The operation of the generator is accompanied by a more intensive generation of aerosol, the operating time of the generator is 120 sec. The measured value of the temperature of the smoke stream was 219 ° C. After the generator stops operating, an air sample is taken using an aspirator for air sampling Breeze-2 to the AFA-XA-20 filter. Aspiration time 30 min. The air consumption of the aspirator is about 0.8 dm ³ / min. After air sampling, the filters are analyzed by gas chromatography. The content of enilconazole in the air of the treated room was 10.4 mg / m ³ . Indoor temperature 20 ° C.

Biological testing of the claimed composition is carried out in a test room analogously to example 2.

The test results are shown in the table.

As follows from the table, localized colonies of Aspergillus niger, which germinated on a nutrient medium, did not grow, remained small and did not reach the stage of sporulation.

In addition, it follows from the table that with the ratio: enilconazole or its salt: azodicarboxylic acid diamide: zinc oxide below 8: 50: 1, local growth of A. niger is observed, and the ratio: enilconazole or its salt: azodicarboxylic acid diamide: zinc oxide higher than 8: 50: 1 is impractical because the result is stable.

It should also be noted that when using a mixture containing enilconazole or its salt, azodicarboxylic acid diamide and zinc oxide in a ratio of 6: 48: 1, the exothermic reaction proceeds with insufficient heat release, short gas formation and, as a result, a low content of enilconazole in the aerosol.

When using a mixture in which the ratio of enilconazole or its salt, azodicarboxylic acid diamide and zinc oxide exceeds 8: 51: 1, the exothermic reaction proceeds very intensively, with the emission of particles of the mixture.

As a result of the tests carried out, it was also found that in a room with a volume of 50 m ³ after six months of storage under natural conditions, the products work without delay with intense and uniform smoke generation, the operating time of the generators is 100 seconds. There are no residues of the mixture in the used device. The temperature of the smoke stream is no more than 220 ° С.

Thus, the test results of the claimed invention set forth above allow us to conclude that the proposed composition:

- will help to effectively protect objects of veterinary supervision from mold fungi, and, therefore, to expand the range of effective compositions for obtaining fungicidal smoke based on enilconazole;

- safe, because the generated fungicidal smoke is at a low temperature;

- Provides minimal oxidation of expensive enilconazole, because the process takes place at a low temperature;

- forms persistent smoke;

- the generated smoke does not contain toxic impurities, because during the exothermic decomposition of the barium salt of azoformic acid, only nitrogen is formed.

Claims (1)

A composition for obtaining fungicidal smoke, characterized in that it contains enilconazole or its salt, azodicarboxylic acid diamide and zinc oxide in the following ratio of ingredients, in parts by weight: enilconazole or its salt: azodicarboxylic acid diamide: zinc oxide - 8: 40: 1 -10: 50: 1.