RU2750001C1 - Fire extinguishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of fire equipment, in particular to devices for fire extinguishing in explosive conditions. The cartridge for fire extinguishing includes a case and a fire extinguishing composition. According to the invention, the case has a tail and consists of three parts. In the main part, there is a container with the fire extinguishing composition under pressure, equipped with outlet openings with membranes with pyropatrons placed in them. The head part of the device contains a distance sensor with a battery, a time relay connected by means of electrical wires to the pyropatrons that open the membranes at the signal of the distance sensor, as well as a parachute compartment with a protective cover located in the tail part of the cartridge and containing an ejection charge that can, when triggered, push out a metal plate acting on the parachute system for its exit from the parachute compartment outside and further opening under the influence of wind pressure during the cartridge flight. At the same time, the distance sensor is made with the possibility to provide a signal via electrical wires through a time relay to the pyropatrons, as well as to the ejection charge in the parachute compartment. The time relay is made with possibility to regulate the provision of signals with a time difference so that the parachute system and then the pyropatrons that open the membranes work out.

EFFECT: quick and unhindered fire extinguishing, including the possibility of extinguishing from closed positions, which reduces the likelihood of damage by the products of explosions and combustion of fire calculation, an increase in the area of effective fire extinguishing and an increase in the distance to the ignition source.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire engineering, in particular to devices for extinguishing a fire in an explosion hazard.

A device for extinguishing a fire is known from the prior art, when extinguishing a fire source is carried out by supplying a fire extinguishing agent through pressure hoses, hand barrels, a foam generator, a fire monitor (see KAMAZ vehicles and special equipment for dual purposes, Chelyabinsk, publishing house "Typography Autograph" 2004 p. 64. Open edition).

The known fire extinguishing device makes it possible to reduce the rate of spread of fire and interrupt further spread.

Also known from the prior art are devices for extinguishing fires in the form of carbon dioxide and water-foam fire extinguishers, one of which also includes a powder fire extinguisher, including a container for storing powder, a pyro cartridge, a starting device (see Technical description OP-5. GOST R - 51057 - 2001 p. 4 p. 4.6. Open edition). With the help of this device, the fire brigade has the ability to extinguish fires, but with a certain risk to life and health, especially in conditions of high explosiveness.

In addition, a device is known in the form of a fire-fighting rocket-propelled grenade, which includes a body, an explosive charge, a fire-extinguishing powder, a fuse and a reactive part, (see Description of the invention "Fire-fighting rocket grenade" Patent No. 2442624 Published on 20.02.2012 Bulletin No. 5 Author and patentee Gerasimov AV Open edition). This device is the closest to the proposed technical solution and is taken as a prototype.

The use of the device makes it possible to increase the efficiency of fire fighting means at explosive objects, to increase the range of safe use of technical equipment, and to reduce labor costs for the elimination of these emergencies. However, the disadvantage of this device can be considered the imperfection of its design, expressed in the fact that the device uses a contact fuse, triggered by direct contact of a fire-fighting rocket grenade with a burning surface. The release of the extinguishing composition when the explosive charge is triggered forms a sphere in a radius of about 3 m, in which the combustion stops due to the lack of oxygen supply to the burning materials. But given the fact that fire, as a rule, can spread from bottom to top, covering vertical structures that support combustion, and therefore it is advisable to extinguish from above, which this device does not provide, and the extinguishing area can be significantly limited due to being directly next to with a dropped rocket-propelled grenade of objects that do not support combustion and prevent the extensive spread of the extinguishing agent over the area of fire.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of fighting fires, including riding on explosive objects, to increase the range of safe use of fire extinguishing means for personnel, to ensure unhindered extinguishing of the fire center from above, to increase the effective extinguishing area, to reduce labor costs for the elimination of these emergencies.

The technical solution of the proposed invention is the use of a device comprising a body having a tail unit, and structurally the device consists of three parts. In the main part there is a sealed container with outlets (nozzles) and membranes with pyrotechnical cartridges located in them. In the rear there is a parachute compartment with an expelling charge, a metal plate and a parachute. And also the head part with the placement of the distance sensor in it, connected by means of electric wires with the pyrotechnical cartridges, which open the membranes in the outlet openings (nozzles) of the sealed container.

The technical result of the proposed invention is a fast and unimpeded fire extinguishing, including with the possibility of extinguishing from closed positions, which reduces the likelihood of damage by explosion products and combustion of the fire brigade, increasing the area of effective fire extinguishing, increasing the distance to the source of ignition.

In this case, the essence of the operation of the device for extinguishing a fire lies in the fact that to extinguish a fire source in an explosive atmosphere, a device in the form of a cassette is delivered to the fire source using a launcher placed on a protected vehicle, or using aviation, and a cassette containing a fire extinguishing the composition, sprayed over the ignition source at the command of the sensor, descends in free flight on a parachute system, providing fire extinguishing from above.

The invention is illustrated by the figure, which shows a device for extinguishing a fire, where: 1 - housing; 2 - tail unit, 3 - parachute system; 4 - capacity; 5 - outlet openings (nozzles); 6 - the head of the device; 7 - distance sensor with battery; 8 - time relay; 9 - electric wires; 10 - squibs; 11 - membranes; 12 - parachute compartment; 13 - expelling charge; 14 - metal plate; 15 - protective cover.

The device structurally consists of a body with a tail unit that stabilizes it in flight until the parachute system is deployed. In the main part there is a sealed container in which a fire extinguishing composition is contained under pressure. For its uniform exit from the container, outlet openings are provided in the form of nozzles, which are permanently blocked by membranes, opened by pyrotechnical cartridges, at the command of a distance sensor with a battery.

A distance sensor with a battery and a time relay are located at the head of the cassette. The distance sensor is supplied with electricity from a power source (chemical current source) and is designed to timely supply a signal supplied by electric wires through a time relay to the squibs, as well as directly to the opening of the parachute system located in the parachute compartment in the tail (bottom) part of the device. The time relay regulates the transmission of signals with a difference in time, first to the operation of the parachute system, and then to the squibs that open the membranes.

The parachute system is designed for braking the cassette during the period of its free fall over the ignition source. The parachute compartment also includes an expelling charge, which is a pyrotechnic composition placed in a capsule, a metal plate that protects the parachute system from gases released when the expelling charge is triggered. Also, the metal plate, due to the impact on its surface of gases released from the detonated expelling charge, creates a buoyancy force on the parachute system, which it pushes out of the parachute compartment, pushing the protective cover. In the parachute compartment, a protective cover made, for example, of a polymer material, serves to protect the parachute system and the propelling charge from adverse environmental influences (changes in temperature, humidity, etc.), as well as mechanical damage during storage and transportation of the cassette.

The device is delivered to a specific area of the airspace using a launcher or aircraft. When the cassette approaches the ignition source at the set distance, the distance sensor is triggered, which sends a signal through the electric wires to trigger the parachute system and the squibs that open the membranes. The device descends in free fall over the fire source, the extinguishing agent comes out through the outlet openings and is sprayed onto the fire source, extinguishing it.

An example of how the device works. The cassette body 1 has a tail unit 2 that stabilizes the cassette during flight before the parachute system 3 opens. Also, the cassette body 1 has a container 4 with outlet openings 5 and a fire extinguishing agent contained in the container 4 under pressure. In the head part of the cassette 6 there is a distance sensor with a battery 7 and a time relay 8 connected by means of electric wires 9 with pyrotechnical cartridges 10, which open the membranes 11 for the extinguishing composition to exit from the tank 4. Also, the signal is fed through the electric wires 9 to the expelling charge 13 located in the parachute compartment 12 , which, when triggered, by the pressure of the gases generated, pushes the metal plate 14 and the parachute system 3 out of the parachute compartment 12, while throwing off the protective cover 15 in the parachute compartment 12. The cassette in free fall descends over the source of fire and extinguishes it from above with a fire extinguishing agent.

Thus, the proposed device allows at a safe distance for the personnel involved in extinguishing the fire to extinguish the fire with minimal risk to life in explosive conditions (explosions of missiles, ammunition, explosives). A launcher placed on a vehicle, as well as aviation, can be used to deliver the cassette to the fire site.

Literature

1. Automobiles KAMAZ and special equipment of dual purpose, Chelyabinsk, publishing house "Typography Autograph" 2004, p. 64. Open edition.

2. Technical description of OP-5. GOST R - 51057 - 2001 p. 4 p. 4.6. Open edition.

3. Description of the invention "Fire-fighting rocket-propelled grenade" Patent No. 2442624 Published on February 20, 2012, Bulletin No. 5. Author and patentee Gerasimov A.V. Open edition.

Claims (1)

A cassette for extinguishing a fire, including a body, a fire extinguishing composition, characterized in that the body has a tail unit and consists of three parts, in the main part there is a container with a fire extinguishing composition under pressure, equipped with outlet openings with membranes with pyrotechnical cartridges placed in them, the head of the device containing a distance sensor with a battery, a time relay connected by means of electric wires with pyrotechnical cartridges that open the membranes according to a signal from the distance sensor, as well as a parachute compartment with a protective cover located in the tail of the cassette and containing an expelling charge that has the ability to push out a metal plate when triggered, acting on the parachute system in order to exit the parachute compartment to the outside and further disclose it under the influence of wind pressure during the flight of the cassette, while the distance sensor is configured to send a signal through the electric wires through the time relay to the squibs, as well as to the expelling charge in steam the chute compartment, and the time relay is made with the ability to regulate the supply of signals with a time difference so that the parachute system first works, and then the squibs that open the membranes.

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